Competitive Position Of Enterprises Research Articles

INNOVATION-ORIENTED STRATEGY FOR INCREASING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF FOOD INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES

The development and implementation of an innovation-oriented strategy are essential for solving the problem of ensuring a consistently high competitive position of food industry enterprises. Taking this into account, they are faced with the need to choose the right strategy for increasing competitiveness, which should be based on using innovative and investment approaches to determine the development vector. The article aims to substantiate approaches to the choice of an innovation-oriented strategy for increasing the competitiveness of food industry enterprises. The research results obtained in the report are based on economic and systemic methods, methods of strategic analysis, and systematic and logical approaches. The article discusses approaches to developing and implementing an innovation-oriented strategy for increasing the competitiveness of food industry enterprises. The model of such a strategy, in general, should provide for the use of a systematic approach and hierarchical subordination of strategic goals, priorities, and objectives of the strategic plan. It has been substantiated that combining competitive and innovative aspects of development into a single concept provides for modifying basic strategies for a food company. The presence of a wide range of alternatives has been revealed, necessitating the development of systems that allow considering the formation of the strategy of food industry enterprises from two positions: the competitive position of the enterprise in the market and the level of development of its innovative potential. Based on the modification of the McKinsey / General Electric model, various combinations of the competitive position of food industry enterprises and their creative capabilities were obtained. The matrix method made it possible to identify alternative options for an innovation-oriented strategy for increasing competitiveness, depending on the positioning of individual subsectors for a different combination of these characteristics. The positions of individual subsectors of the food industry have been established to develop recommendations for choosing the optimal strategy option. Keywords: competitive potential, competitiveness, innovation potential, strategy, food industry enterprises.

ЛОГІСТИЧНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ЗБУТОВОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА

The competitive position of enterprises in today's market depends on their ability to ensure the availability of goods to consumers and the level of quality of their sales activities. The article outlines the peculiarities of logistics approaches to the sales activities of the enterprise from the standpoint of the organization of sweat processes. The purpose of the article is to develop a theory and develop principles of flow organization of sales activities of the enterprise. The methodological basis is the integrated use of ontological and epistemological approaches, general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge, as well as the provisions of modern concepts of logistics. The use of the flow organization of sales activities of the enterprise is based on the formation of a logistics chain and a single integrated system of flows – a set of objects connected in a certain way, moving in space and time and adapted to quantitative and qualitative transformations. The principles and criteria for evaluating the innovativeness of the flow organization of sales activities of the enterprise are substantiated. It is substantiated that innovation in modeling the flow organization of sales activities of the enterprise is manifested as follows: a minimum of total logistics costs; maximum value added at existing costs; elasticity of the logistics system, ie rapid adaptation to changes in the environment; consistency of resource (input) and information flows; total quality management. It is concluded that the application of logistics approaches to the organization of sales activities of the enterprise provides a holistic model of enterprise management, creates prerequisites for its economic development, increase sales based on accelerating material, information, resource and other flows, optimizing overall costs for a given level of customer service. Activation of basic factors of product competitiveness in the market.

SUSTAINABILITY OF THE COMPETITIVE POSITION OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISE: EVALUATION AND FORECASTING OF POSSIBLE SCENARIOS

The article is devoted to the study of the problem of assessing and forecasting the stability of competitive positions of agricultural enterprises. The analysis of theoretical approaches to the definition of the studied categories is carried out. Based on the essence of the competitive position, a methodical approach to assessing the competitive position of an agricultural enterprise is substantiated: a method of comparing the rate of change of the main economic indicators of an agricultural enterprise and the industry as a whole is proposed. The article calculates the forecast values of the integrated stability index of the competitive position and its components using the method of exponential smoothing using the Brown-Mayer model, which allowed to assess the dynamics and trends of agricultural enterprise. A model is proposed, which can not only assess the level of competitive position of the enterprise, but also identify areas of change in the level of competitive position of the enterprise as a whole and in terms of individual components, develop conceptual frameworks for effective management decisions.

Науково-методичні аспекти ідентифікації джерел конкурентних переваг підприємств ритейлу

The article is aimed at developing a scientific-methodical approach to the identification of sources of competitive advantages, taking into account the specifics of enterprises in the retail trade sector. The development and transformation of approaches to identifying sources of competitive advantage within the institutional, market and resource concepts is considered. The main provisions of scientific thought on this problem are defined and the observance of the resource approach is substantiated. A methodical approach to identification of the existing sources of competitive advantages and potential of their development in retail enterprises is proposed. As a basis, the following general scientific principles are allocated: complexity, security, comparability, information sufficiency, orientation towards creating the bigger consumer value. The stages of implementation of evaluation-identification procedures are characterized. The directions of identification of the sources of competitive advantages are determined as follows: provision of labor and commodity resources, capital, level of management, capabilities of staff. The stage of formation of the information base is characterized. The choice of research objects is substantiated, taking into account the dual nature of competitive advantages and the sectoral specifics of trade enterprises. The quantitative and qualitative correspondence of both the potential and the realized advantages within each resource-competent plane of the enterprise’s potential is determined. The conditions for identifying sources of competitive advantages and their corresponding target development benchmarks are defined. The proposed methodical instrumentarium was tested at the trade network enterprises of the city of Kharkiv. The competitive position of enterprises according to available sources, the level of their involvement in the processes of creating competitive advantages are specified; recommendations on the ways of their formation and development are made.

Mechanism of transformation of agricultural enterprises in terms of innovative development

The mechanism under study should be aimed at introducing innovative approaches to the modernization of technical l and technological cycles of production and economic processes, strengthening the competitive position of enterprises in the agrarian market and overcoming internal and external institutional barriers to enterprise development by suppressing irrational institutional influences on the functioning. The purpose of this study is to substantiate theoretical and methodological foundations and to develop applied approaches for implementing the mechanism of transformation of agricultural enterprises in a competitive environment. The scientific novelty of the obtained results lies in the substantiation of the mechanism of transformation of agricultural enterprises, which includes such components as: information and analytical tools (monitoring of the economic environment, verification and systematization of information data, establishment of essential laws and relationships, the formation of information bases of decision making, management, design-testing apparatus (designing a perspective plan for the transformation of agricultural enterprises, pilot testing of the target project of the proposed changes in the organizational and legal form of management, adjustment of the project of transformation of enterprises) and implementation-block (formation of innovative structures of agricultural enterprises, ensuring the sequence and consistency of implementation of target changes, minimization of conflict environment in the process of transformation in balancing the duties, process responsibilities and responsibilities in terms of the structural components of the new organizational and legal system). The social and economic effect of this mechanism is achieved through a synergistic effect obtained through the functional interaction of enterprises that are able, however, to work autonomously. The practical significance of the mechanism is manifested in the ability to generate comprehensive management support in the process of transformation of agricultural enterprises, taking into account the specifics of a particular organizational and legal form of management in a competitive environment of their operation.

ECONOMICS OF CLUSTERS IN INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES

Knowledge is decide about development of modern economy. Entrepreneurs who can use its resources they create more added value than competitors. So many political documents in UE or Poland shows on the special role of innovation as a key factor building the competitive position of enterprises but for now was no significant improvement in our position in this terms compared to other leading areas. An obstacle in introducing innovative technological and product solutions in enterprises is most of all high cost of developing and implementing them. Lack of developed legal and institutional infrastructure which favors the implementation of new ideas causes that investing in new services and creating new innovative ventures is too risky. The article attempts to assess the application of cluster initiatives for the development of innovative activity and making of innovation.

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF PERSONNEL POLICY IN CREATING THE COMPETITIVE POSITION OF FOOD INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES IN POLAND

The research examines the significance of human resources in the process of creating a market position of a company. The research covered 16 food industry companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange in 2017. Using the TOPSIS method twice, the competitive position of enterprises was determined. First of all, on the basis of secondary data and the state of art, an initial ranking was established, drafted according to four features determining the competitive position of enterprises. Secondly, proper ranking was determined according to identical features and additional factors determining the company’s personnel policy. As a result, the surveyed entities were mapped to four classes and compared. The obtained results indicate that the personnel policy has a significant impact on the competitive position of enterprises from the food industry. The article presents only pilot studies. An analysis of other sectors of the economy seems to be an interesting research problem.

Analysis of the assortment of ice wine in online stores in Ukraine

Unbalanced structure of the assortment leads to the decrease in the level of proft, loss of the competitive position of enterprises, including wine ones, in promising markets. In the conditions of the modern wine market, there is a tendency to increase consumer influence on the formation of the assortment range of wineries, focusing on wines with original consumer properties, in particular ice. Ice wine is a rare wine of a special type, the technology of which involves the use of non-classical methods of processing grapes. Therefore, ice wine is characterized by original consumer properties leading to increased interestamong consumers who increasingly use distance means of buying goods.In this regard, in this article the monitoring of the ice wine assortment was conducted, which is presented on the sites of Ukrainian online stores, both general retail and specialized wine networks.Coefcient estimation methods were used to evaluate the assortment of ice wines based on comparison with the benchmark system. According to the results of the study, the low coefcients of breadth and depth of ice wine assortment presented in the onlinestoresin Ukraine were obtained. It was determined that most ice wines are wines of foreign producers made from Riesling grapes. The Rozetka online store has the entire list of ice wines on sale, but the largest assortment of ice wines from around the world is not available for orders on the website of the specialized wine online store Wine Style. It should be noted that not a single position of ice wine was found in the online stores of Ukrainian grocery retail chains. Therefore, the subsequent formation of an assortment of ice wines is an urgent task, which will allow us to correctly propose effective methods to increase the competitiveness of ice wines on the Ukrainian retail market. It was determined that most ice wines are wines of foreign producers made from Riesling grapes. The Rozetka online store has the entire list of ice wines on sale, but the largest assortment of ice wines from around the world is not available for orders on the website of the specialized wine online store Wine Style. It should be noted that not a single position of ice wine was found in the online stores of Ukrainian grocery retail chains. Therefore, the subsequent formation of an assortment of ice wines is an urgent task, which will allow us to correctly propose effective methods to increase the competitiveness of ice wines on the Ukrainian retail market. Key words: assortment, market, online store, ice wine, depth ofassortment, breadth of assortment.

The impact of product market competition on stock price crash risk

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of product market competition on the risk of stock price crash based on the degree of industry competition and the competitive position of enterprises.Design/methodology/approachThis paper chooses the data of Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies from 2009 to 2017 as samples and uses a threshold regression model to explore the impact of product market competition on the risk of a stock price crash.FindingsThe results show that: the overall level of industry competition is negatively correlated with the risk of stock price crash; the competitive position of enterprises and the risk of a stock price crash. The correlation is not significant: for high competitive enterprises, the degree of industry competition is negatively correlated with the risk of stock price crash; for low competitive enterprises, the degree of industry competition is positively correlated with the risk of a stock price crash and the conclusions obtained have passed the robustness test.Originality/valueThis paper not only enriches the literature on the relationship between product market competition and the risk of stock price crash but also has reference significance for supervisors to allocate resources to supervise information disclosure of listed companies.

Competitive Position of Enterprises, Corporate Growth and Audit Fees: Based on Empirical Evidence from Chinese A-Share Listed Companies

The competitive position of an enterprise usually changes dynamically with the continuous growth and development of the enterprise. In this process, the business risks of the enterprise also change. According to the audit demand insurance theory, companies often use auditing to avoid and reduce risks, and auditors usually consider the corresponding risk premium in order to protect their own interests. This article uses the non-financial companies in China’s A-share market from 2011 to 2016 as a sample to study the impact of enterprises’ competitive position and growth on its audit fees. The research results show that: the competitive position of the company has a negative impact on audit fees; the growth of the company has a positive impact on audit fees; Further research shows that the impact of enterprises’ competitive position on audit fees is no longer significant in high-growth companies and still significant in low-growth companies, so corporate growth has a weakening effect on this relationship. This research enriches the content of the research on influencing factors of audit fees, and also has certain significance for the audit fees of accounting firms in practice.

Analysis of competitiveness and competitive advantages in today's market conditions

The article is devoted to the issues of competitiveness analysis, by which it is possible to evaluate the competitive advantages and disadvantages and to build a strong competitive strategy. The purpose of the article is to research, analyze and identify the main directions of increasing the level of competitiveness of the enterprise under research. The main concepts of enterprise competitiveness are considered in the article and the analysis of the competitive environment of LLC “MIG” LLC is presented. The main factors of influence and competitiveness were revealed and recommendations were given to improve the competitive position of enterprises. The main methods of this study are the methods of empirical research, such as observation, comparison, measurement, as well as abstraction, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction. Today, technologies have tremendous growth rates, consumer needs are growing with maximum geometric progression, so the task of each enterprise is to be competitive, to have competitive advantages, in order to survive in the world market. Despite the fact that the concept of competitiveness has been studied for a long time, there are issues that need to be studied as quickly as the market allows, in order for enterprises to be able to maximize profits, so the question of competitiveness market analysis is relevant for every enterprise today. In today's global economic development, which is characterized by competition and extremely fast pace of development of the organization, an important component of competition can be considered a vector of orientation to the needs of clients and work in the field of the client. The desire to succeed in customer service is maximized, so there is a growing need for practical guidance on how to focus on customer needs and interests, which will help to maximize competitiveness in the market. The research has practical value, evidenced by recommendations given for improving the competitive position of an enterprise operating in the Ukrainian market by analysing the competitiveness, competitive environment and the vector for its development. JEL Classification: L11, M11, D41.

Using International Ranks and Business Activity Indicators for Economic Development Forecasting

The majority of countries use several well-known integral indicators for economic forecasting purposes, on which basis these countries’ ranks in the global economic community are computed. Apart from allowing investors to make investment decisions, such indicators and ranks help in forecasting economic development in forthcoming periods. The best known of them is Ease of Doing Business Index and Global Competitiveness Index.
 The less known ones are indicators of Business Tendency Surveys (BTS), computed on the basis of data obtained from questionings of enterprise managers in various economic sectors and from studies of consumer sentiments. Yet, specialists tend to use the data from these conjuncture surveys to analyze the current economic situation in a country (total or by industry) and build short-term forecasts.
 Apart from the survey indicators depicting quite clearly a situation in the economy, the most popular ones in Europe are Confidence Indicators for enterprises by economic activity, and Economic Sentiment Indicator incorporating the indicators from BTS of enterprises and consumer sentiments. These indicators are computed by the European Commission for EU member countries on monthly basis.
 The article shows changes in Doing Business ranks for selected EU member countries and Ukraine. BTS indicators for industrial enterprises (estimate of production capacities; estimate of change in the production orders; estimate of the competitive position of enterprises at the internal market) are analyzed for some of these countries. A comparison of the dynamics of production capacities utilization, business confidence indicators and Doing Business rank is made for Ukraine and Bulgaria. The prognosticating capacities of BTS indicators compared with Doing Business indicator are analyzed.

ЕКОНОМІКО-МАТЕМАТИЧНЕ МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ РОЗВИТКУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА У СФЕРІ ТУРИЗМУ

In the article the mathematical model of the analysis and forecasting of the activity of the tourist enterprise taking into account foreign investments is constructed. The mathematical dependence of the dynamics of the growth of the number of tourists on different types of investments has been constructed, since investing is one of the pillars on which the foundation of a market economy is being built, and investments, in particular foreign ones, are extremely important for the development of our country's economy. The tourism sector is one of the strategic sectors of the economy, with the help of which further socio-economic development of the state is taking place. For the formation of the tourism market and the successful development of national tourism, it is necessary not only the presence of a number of components of the tourism industry and tourist and recreational potential, but also the presence of a favourable investment the climate and the mechanism of investment in the tourism industry. Solving this problem will allow to increase the growth of socio-economic indicators of enterprises, the region and the country as a whole. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a model that takes into account the influence of these factors on creating the most effective plan for the development of a tourism enterprise. It is shown that the proposed model allows to study the dynamics of development and analyse various strategies of the behaviour of a tourist enterprise in the market. The following possible types of investments are considered, the main purpose of which is to increase the number of tourists, profit, reduce the payment for investment and increase the reinvestment factor. For the considered strategies, a comparison of the dynamics of the main indicators: profit and payment for investment. As a result, an effective type of investment is identified that will increase the flow of tourists, and as a consequence, preserve and strengthen the competitive position of enterprises in the market. Consequently, the necessity of investing in the tourism sector necessitates a large practical need for conducting research on the investment process in the tourism business and the theoretical justification for choosing the areas for intensifying investment activity, and the proposed model allows determining the direction of investment policy of the tourist enterprise, operating on the main indicators of its activities.

Advantages and Disadvantages of the Participation of SMEs in Tourism Clusters

The concept of clusters is based on creating entrepreneurship and competitiveness of interrelated organizations. The essence of the cluster initiative is to stimulate cooperation between individual enterprises and institutions, to accelerate innovation processes and thus to improve competitive position of enterprises operating within clusters. However, the participation in this initiative, based on the principle of cooperation, is also burdened with some negative effects resulting from the nature of cooperation and type of participants. The main aim of this paper is to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the participation in tourism clusters from the point of view of Slovak small and medium entrepreneurs. For evaluation, there were used the results of questionnaire surveys, which was interpreted by the Chi-Square test. The results showed that the most important advantages are from the areas of networking and common cooperation and propagation. The most important disadvantages were recognized mainly by micro and small entrepreneurs from the area of human resources.

E-LOGISTICS AS A SOURCE OF MODERN TOOLS AFFECTING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF ENTERPRISES

Nowadays, the competitive position of enterprises depends not only on prices, but also on factors such as quality, customer service, and execution time, which can be improved by implementing modern solutions into the logistics processes. This paper presents the influence of e-logistics on competitiveness. It also describes several e-logistics technologies and points out the benefits of using such technologies as wearables, 3D vision, or Pick-by-Voice and Pick-by-Light systems.

Product Market Competition, Competitive Position and Employee Wage

Although executives and workers all are the enterprise value creators, most research has focused on the study of executive compensation, and the wages of employees are less. Especially, there is little literature to study the salary problem of employees in product market competition environment. Using a sample of China’s listed firms from 2002 to 2014, we examine how product market competition influences firm worker’s pay. We find that market competition will strengthen employee wage, which results from market competition augment firm’s labor demand. At the same time we also find that the higher the competitive position of enterprises in the industry, the higher the wages. The evidence has an important implication for research on product market competition and corporate behavior and provides some useful suggestions for policy makers.

Economic value added and competitive position of enterprises: Case research

The principal goal of this study is to provide economic analysis of value added in the context of problems of competitive position in enterprises. A relationship presented in the literature that occurs between competitive position in the enterprise and its ability to generate value added. The selected tools for measurement of competitive position in the enterprise were presented, among which the authors included enterprise concentration rate and economic value added. EVA concept was also characterized. The empirical investigations focused on the companies listed in the Warsaw Stock Exchange. Based on the empirical analysis, the study found a significant difference between the place in the ranking of the value added and the degree of enterprise's participation in the market.

The Relationship Between Workers’ Financial Participation in Companies and Economic Results

It is known that workers’ financial participation, primarily in the form of wider participation of employees in profits and ownership, has been used in enterprises from many years, but in practice the period of implementation of different forms of financial participation has taken place only in the last four decades. Workers’ participation in decision-making has a longer tradition, so it is well described in the literature, and its impact on the results achieved by companies are known through the many research projects conducted by researchers around the world and through detailed reports. Financial participation has not been the focus of so many papers, so the knowledge and information from this area is incomplete. This is because of the lack of comprehensive studies on the various forms of participation, their irregularity, the lack of cooperation between states in the exchange of information concerning the number of implemented solutions, etc. Of course, it is not possible to include all of the companies in research and the results cannot be generalized due to the different conditions and selection criteria in particular countries. Also, the ambiguous interpretation of the term “financial participation” by different authors and different institutions does not allow for setting up and developing the output database necessary to conduct the research and carry out comparisons. In the literature, programs of financial participation are treated as an incentive system, without taking into account the wider context and the relationships between these programmes and the results achieved by the company. This contribution aims to give some theoretical and scientific examples, which, by virtue of their nature and severity can contribute to the possible diverse research solutions to the problems facing businesses, especially in today's dynamic, global economy. After forty years of empirical research on the benefits of the implementation of various programmes of financial participation, the information provided, in principle, only in the form of reports, is not sufficient to express opinions on the development of forms of participation. At the same time, it is concluded that the programmes of financial participation have had a positive effect on the results achieved by companies, especially in terms of social benefits. Arriving at the above opinion has been additionally impeded by the different attitudes of the social partners to the issue of participation and participatory approaches, the absence of explicit data showing the relationship between implemented financial schemes and financial results, changes in the competitive position of enterprises, etc. The outlined theory concerning how the workers’ ownership affects economic performance achieved by a company unfortunately has not changed. This article is not to bring about fundamental changes, but to find new threads or directions of deliberation.

Exploring chain, network and cluster collaborative practices: implications for SMEs

Collaboration among enterprises has been rendered as one of the most important issues in the business agenda, either as a result of the globalisation and deregulation of markets or as a result of the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) revolution. Both factors have created a business reality where success in the collaboration practices followed, may result in improvements in the competitive position of enterprises. This paper starts from the basic business activity of the individual enterprise, looks into the chain, network and cluster collaborative practices and analyses their characteristics and the implications for Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs). In addition, it provides insights regarding the opportunities, benefits, requirements and risks related to each collaborative practice. This paper finally argues that different collaboration practices are required, as enterprises and the industrial sectors where they operate, present distinctive characteristics.

Information Management in South African Manufacturing Enterprises

In the research on which this paper is based, an attempt was made to determine whether South African manufacturing enterprises used information to their competitive advantage. To investigate if the competitive position of enterprises can be strengthened on the strategic level if the information resources are efficiently managed, South African manufacturing enterprises were grouped according to the strategic types identified by the Miles and Snow management typology. It was found that information management is applied in the enterprises but that it is not used to the competitive advantage of these enterprises. It is recommended that South African manufacturing enterprises should improve their information management functions and that information management becomes a strategic management function towards reaching a competitive advantage.