Competitive Advantage In World Research Articles

Modern Challenges of Economic Cooperation between the Republic of Korea and the United States

For the past 20 years, South Korea has successfully balanced between its main trading partners, the US and China. However, with the new president’s accession to power in March 2022, the Republic of Korea has become more and more committed to the US strategic alliance, while not losing interest in trade with China. Washington seeks to use various economic instruments to get the maximum benefit from the alliance with Seoul. The declared areas of strategic partnership within the framework of the US-South Korea alliance are facing a number of challenges provoked by the US protectionist policy and Washington's desire to maintain influence in key areas. The Republic of Korea is trying to secure comfortable conditions for cooperation, but at the same time, it is gradually adapting to new American requirements. South Korea, like the United States, is striving for leadership in the high-tech market and is currently competing rather than working as a team. Thus, in the future, with continued pressure from Washington, companies in the Republic of Korea may lose their competitive advantages in world markets, and even become completely dependent on the United States. These tendencies lead to the strengthening of the opinion in South Korean society that deep economic integration with America may not be in the national interests of the Republic of Korea. In the article, the author analyzes the existing challenges in the economic relations between the Republic of Korea and the United States in 2022. In addition, challenges are predicted that can have a greater impact on US-South Korean foreign trade relations in the foreseeable future.

Strategic management of open innovations

The paper considers the features of theoretical and methodological aspects of strategic management of open innovations. Theoretical and methodological basis of the study are modern theories, concepts, hypotheses of enterprise management. Content analysis used. Methodological and informational basis of the work are scientific works, materials of periodicals, Internet resources. It has been proven that ecosystem management based on open innovations as an opportunity to access additional assets is a priority factor in the company's competitive advantages in world markets. It is emphasized that in the era of digital convergence, the ability of companies to dominate in all activities of the value chain is determined by access to innovation. It is stated that companies that successfully use open innovation are characterized by organizational flexibility in order to restructure existing business models to take into account the peculiarities of open innovation strategies. Unique forms of intellectual property rights, such as modularity, are analyzed. It is determined that dynamic capabilities are the ability of companies to integrate, create and reconfigure internal and external competencies in conditions of uncertainty in the external environment. It is substantiated that the process of "orchestration" of business models includes modification, addition, alienation and harmonization of tangible and intangible assets in the management of business processes of companies. The conceptual scheme of various forms of open innovations according to the model of development of innovative technologies and strategy of intellectual property is constructed. The relationship between dynamic opportunities and open innovations is determined on the basis of three clusters of dynamic opportunities: discovery, capture and transformation. Prospects for further research in this subject area are to focus on assessing the attributes of innovative business processes in order to determine the benefits and limitations of open innovation in the system of strategic management of the latest imperative.

ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИЯ В РОССИЙСКОМ ЭКСПОРТЕ НЕСЫРЬЕВЫМИ НЕЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКИМИ ТОВАРАМИ

Currently, digitalization is one of the main keys to successful business development, it leads to the growth, increased profits and improved company image. The article provides examples of digital products that are used in business, including in export-oriented companies. It is shown that any exporter, even a small company, can get access to advanced technologies and expand its competitive advantages in world markets. It considers digital support tools in the “One Window” information system, with the help of which the government plans to create a comprehensive system of support for Russian exporters. The importance of developing exports via the Internet is noted, as well as a significant increase in the revenue of Russian online retail exports in 2020. There is an increase in exporters who seek to carry out their sales through electronic trading platforms.

UKRAINE IN THE PROMOTION SYSTEM FOR EXPORTS OF HIGH-TECH PRODUCTS

The world experience of state promotion of high-tech exports is investigated, which involves the use of multifactorial legal, financial and insurance instruments. First, it is established that the country is not able to fully integrate into the world economic space and effectively develop without the development of high-tech exports. Secondly, it has been found that owning high-tech products in the context of globalization is becoming an extremely important factor in gaining competitive advantage in world markets, thus, national producers should rely on government assistance in the form of adequate risk coverage and various financing schemes. Thirdly, it is confirmed that Ukraine will be able to develop the system of state support for exports by expanding and improving the efficiency of existing state bodies, as well as creating institutional frameworks for the implementation of new mechanisms – the National Export Development Strategy of Ukraine. JEL: F13, O24, O38.

ANALYSIS OF THE ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS RESULTING FROM FOOD INDUSTRY IN EGYPT

Food industries consider one of the significant basic pillars sectors in Egypt that deal with crucial topic inked to human beings' lives and their nutritional security. Food industries have developed recently in the last few year to occupy a fundamental position among the state's main resources and economics. This industry is characterized by producing outcome from agricultural production involving its two-fold divisions, the plant and animal. Despite the fact that each industry of these has common inputs similar in their general properties for giving products its specific qualifications, each has its own natural and chemical traits that contributes improving the citizens' nutritional balance, growing of areas, in addition to role as a resource of foreign currency by exportation to other countries. This study discusses the economic and environmental impacts of food industries in meat sector. The analytical method is used. Using also the deductive approach that depends on collecting necessary data and information to be analyzed and extract results. Results indicate that food industries in meat sector have a significant influence in economic development results in importation and exportations. It also has a significant impact on economic growth as there is a direct correlation between food industries and economic growth.Consequently, the state should consider and care of food industry sector for the purpose of raising efficiency of productive performance in companies, developing and promoting food industries in Egypt which is set in priorities of the up-to-date programs for being capable of competitive advantages in world markets.

Development of information imperatives of socio-economic development of Ukraine

The object of research is the features of the development and implementation of modern information support systems for managing socio-economic development. One of the most problematic places is determination of the efficiency of an information system. The process of evaluating an information system is associated with the complexity and duration of the implementation of the information management system for enterprise management.The analysis of the current state of information support of enterprise management is conducted. The development of modern information systems allows to reveal the potential possibilities of the socio-economic complex of the state in ensuring sustainable development. The main characteristics of implementation, increase the level of competitiveness of innovative products or services in the application of enterprise management information systems are identified. Information systems stimulate the introduction of innovative processes of rational use of the resource potential, which guarantees the formation of information imperatives and the adoption of progressive management decisions to strengthen Ukraine’s competitive advantages in world markets. The implementation of the information support system in the enterprise is hampered by the influence of endogenous and exogenous factors and is a complex and lengthy procedure.When conducting research, general scientific and special research methods were used: analysis and synthesis, analogies and comparative analysis, the method of decomposition and process detailing. Using these methods, a preliminary analysis of modern information technologies and their implementation into the state management system of the socio-economic complex as a complex economic system was made. And determining the level of risks was carried out and their impact on the management result was assessed.When conducting research, information-innovative approaches to the decision-making process were used. The main directions for efficiency evaluation of socio-economic projects in the implementation of information support systems are identified. These areas allow to evaluate the economic results when creating social events to improve the information support of the management system. As well as the development and implementation of socio-economic projects, taking into account the main resources and factors of production of innovative products. This ensures the possibility of quality control of production costs at each stage of the implementation of information support systems.

IMPROVEMENT OF THE MECHANISM OF STATE REGULATION OF INVESTMENT IN THE INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE AGRARIAN SECTOR

The purpose of this article is to analyse the main factors of innovative development of the agrarian sector, to run a research on investment support of innovations, which will enable to determine the main directions of improvement of the mechanism of state regulation of investment in the innovative development of the agrarian sector of the country. The methodology of the research is to substantiate the necessity of state support of innovative development of the agrarian sector, as a priority direction of its investment support, which involves the implementation of a set of measures to change existing trends, reducing the amount of financing of scientific and technical works, and reducing the number of research institutions involved in the development and implementation of innovative products in agriculture, while creating an institutional environment for development and implementation of agrarian innovations through the national and regional investment funds, promotion of the implementation of scientific developments into production by expanding the availability of financial resources through public and private partnerships and the commercialization of research results. The results of the study indicate that Ukraine’s agriculture has potential opportunities to improve its competitive advantage in world markets. However, in order to strengthen them, it is necessary to take a number of measures: to form economic and political support for agricultural enterprises using scientific equipment and new technologies; to ensure the creation and distribution of a network of innovative funds to support innovative business at different levels; to orient all loans and support in Ukraine to implement innovative projects in specific areas of production development, including innovation and investment support of agricultural enterprises; Provide additional tax incentives for enterprises producing innovative products, which will increase the financial resources for the implementation of innovation projects and innovation program; clearly identify the legislative provision of funding and form a mechanism to support small businesses. Practical meaning. The identified development priorities can serve as a basis for creating conditions for the domestic agricultural enterprises to implement the offensive strategy in foreign markets, supporting constructive competition in the domestic market, which will stimulate agrarian formation to innovation, ensure close integration of production and science, in order to facilitate the advance development of scientific and technological sphere. Value/Originality. The results of the study indicate that improving the investment provision of the agrarian sector of the economy involves determining the prospects for its long-term development based on scientifically based methodological approaches, the use of which allows measuring changes and expected socioeconomic outcomes.

Estimating export equations: a survey of the literature

Export is an important component of national income. It is one of the main determinants of the development level of countries. Both developed and developing countries formulate policies to increase their exports, to increase quality, technology and value added of exported products and to gain competitive advantage in world markets. Export equations provide valuable information regarding this decision making process. Aim of this study was to conduct a survey on extensive literature on estimation of export equations. The literature on export equations can be grouped mainly into four levels of analysis from macro to micro: aggregated level exports, country-level, sector-level and firm-level analyses. In this study, we have surveyed the literature on each level. In the last part, a survey of econometric techniques used in estimation of export equations has been provided, as well.

Nigerian Library Association Annual Conference: “Libraries: Dynamic Engines for the Knowledge and Information Society”

PurposeTo share the conference themes and presentations from the 2006 Nigerian Library Association National Conference.Design/methodology/approachGives a brief review of the main events of the conference.FindingsSerious concentration on library technology and ICTs in general to promote open access and encourage better skill sets and competitive advantages in world’s information marketplace.Originality/valueIllustrates that innovation and technical expertise are the general themes that were impressed upon by most speakers in order to achieve goals.

Buyer–supplier relationship: perspectives between Hong Kong and the United Kingdom

The relationship between buyers and suppliers has received considerable attention in recent years. Traditionally, buyer–supplier relationships were considered as adversarial, arms-length transactions. However, this relationship is moving towards a more collaborative approach. This change is subject to the belief that suppliers are essential sources to gain competitive advantage in world markets in terms of their expertise, knowledge and their ability to share risks. This paper presents the initial findings from the responses of large companies in Hong Kong about their supplier criteria requirement. The results are also compared with a similar study conducted in the United Kingdom to obtain a clearer picture concerning Eastern and Western approaches to strategic purchasing. This paper illustrates some of the key reasons for the differences between purchasing practices in European and Asian companies. Such information is potentially useful since it can be used as a reference guideline for suppliers when initiating collaborative relationship with customers, who may come from different cultural backgrounds.

Collaborative buyer‐supplier relationships in Hong Kong manufacturing firms

The relationships between buyers and suppliers have received considerable attention in recent years. Traditionally, buyer‐supplier relationships were considered as adversarial, arm’s‐length transactions. However, this relationship is moving towards a more collaborative approach. This change is subjected to the belief that suppliers are essential sources to gain competitive advantage in world markets in terms of their expertise, knowledge and their ability to share risks. The paper presents the initial findings from the responses of large companies in Hong Kong about their supplier criteria requirement. The results are also compared with a similar study conducted in the United Kingdom to obtain a clearer picture concerning Eastern and Western approaches to strategic purchasing. Some of the key reasons for the differences between purchasing practices in European and Asian companies are outlined. Such information is potentially useful since it can be used as a reference guideline for suppliers when initiating collaborative relationships with customers, who may come from different cultural backgrounds.

The Role of Female Labour in Industrial Restructuring: New production processes and labour market relations in the Istanbul clothing industry

For many industries, a new production system characterised principally by flexibility has become one of the key means of achieving competitive advantage in world markets. In traditional industrial sectors flexibility in the organisation of production is based upon subcontracting, within which female labour is of undisputed importance. In this article, research on female labour in the Istanbul clothing industry is used to investigate these processes of industrial restructuring. Particular attention is drawn to changes in women's attitude to work and in their responses to working conditions, which have important consequences for the industry itself.

Competitive Advantages, Two‐Way Foreign Investment, and Capital Accumulation in Korea

This paper provides a simple theoretical framework and an empirical analysis of the relationship among competitive advantages, inward and outward DFI, and domestic capital accumulation, applied to the case of Korea. Outward DFI in Korea is found to originate largely from those sectors in which Korea has proven its competitive advantages in world markets. Inward DFI flows have contributed to enhancing competitive advantages of Korean manufacturing in certain sectors, although it does not seem to lead to a more rapid domestic capital accumulation of the receiving sector, which is largely determined by the profit rates of the various sectors.

Forecast Summary

The lower exchange rate offers UK industry a remarkable competitive advantage in world markets which, we believe, will be expanding rapidly over the next two years. As domestic demand is also likely to be strong in the run‐up to the General Election, output is forecast to rise 3 per cent both next year and in 1988. But, even so, the short‐term supply response is not expected to be sufficient to prevent the current account from recording a large deficit next year. Excess demand pressures also point to a higher rate of inflation from now on. We forecast a steady increase in inflation to 3¾ Aper cent by the end of next year and a peak of 4½ per cent in late 1988.