Influence Of Competition Research Articles

Shift in the effects of invasive soil legacy on subsequent native and invasive trees driven by nitrogen deposition

Invasive plants can interact with soil microbes to enhance their own performance. Such interactive effects may persist and later affect plant performance and their population dynamics. Such ‘invasive soil legacy’ is the specific plant–soil feedback that can affect future invasions, while it is not clear how nitrogen deposition and interspecific competition influence invasive soil legacy. Thus, we collected field soil and conducted a greenhouse experiment to investigate the effects of soil legacy of the invasive tree Rhus typhina on the performance, functional traits and soil microbial communities of R. typhina and the native tree Ailanthus altissima under three nitrogen levels with and without interspecific competition. The experiment revealed that the outcomes of invasive soil legacies were context-specific and depended on local soil nutrient levels and species competition. Specifically, nitrogen addition changed the negative conspecific soil legacy on subsequent R. typhina to a positive effect, while it became negative in A. altissima. The invasive soil legacy promoted the transpirational rate of R. typhina and A. altissima in monoculture, but inhibited it in a mixture under nitrogen deposition. Nitrogen deposition reduced bacteria and fungi biomass of A. altissima in monocultures and mixtures. In contrast, nitrogen deposition decreased bacterial and fungal biomass of R. typhina in monocultures, but enhanced them in mixtures. Therefore, changes in plant growth, transpiration rate and soil microbial biomass might contribute to the different responses of invasive and native plants to invasive soil legacies. Nitrogen deposition and interspecific competition promote the viability of invasive plants from plant–soil feedback and indicate that ranges of subsequent plants might further expand through below-ground process under nitrogen deposition in the future.

Enhanced interannual drought resilience in mixed stands: unveiling possible complementarity effects between tree species of the Spanish Northern Plateau

AbstractClimate change is expected to intensify drought in the Mediterranean region. Previous studies indicate that tree species mixing may reduce the water stress. Our study investigates the response to past drought events of four co-occurring Mediterranean species: Pinus pinea L. (stone pine), Pinus pinaster Ait. (maritime pine), Juniperus thurifera L. (Spanish juniper) and Quercus ilex L (holm oak). The study was performed at an interannual scale, both in monospecific and mixed stands. Annual tree ring widths data measured on increment cores and stem discs obtained from 281 trees were used to quantify the responses to drought events using complementary resilience indices. Additionally, we assessed tree intra- and inter-specific competition impact over the past 25 years. We fitted and compared generalised linear mixed models to determine the influence of species identity, stand composition as intra-specific and inter-specific competition on complementary resilience indices and annual basal area increment. The co-existence with other species enhanced the resistance to drought of the stone pine as the resilience capacity of the Spanish juniper. Conversely, maritime pine’s drought resistance declined considerably in mixed stands. Notably, only the anisohydric species Spanish juniper and holm oak were able to return to pre-disturbance growth rates after the drought. The influence of competition on tree growth was found to differ according to the hydrological conditions of each year and varied based on the specific source of competition. Our study showed that mixed stands in the Spanish Northern Plateau, especially with holm oak and Spanish juniper, are more resilient to prolonged droughts due to spatio-temporal complementarity and subsequent competition reduction. That is another reason for which such composed mixed stands should be promoted in the arid conditions of the Spanish Northern Plateau.

A study of market segmentation, government competition, and public service efficiency in China: Based on a semi-parametric spatial lag model.

Despite significant growth in fiscal expenditure, the overall level of public services in China remains inadequate. One approach to improving government public service efficiency from the perspective of management psychology is to strengthen government competition. However, only a few studies have explored the improvement of public service efficiency through government competition, with even fewer addressing the phenomena of market segmentation and spatial effects that accompany the process of government competition. This paper aims to fill this research gap by examining the effects of government competition and market segmentation on public service efficiency, as well as their spatial disparities. We initially employs the DEA method to assess the efficiency of public services based on inputs and outputs, and examines its spatial variations. Subsequently, a semi-parametric spatial lag panel model is utilized to validate the effects of market segmentation and government competition on public service efficiency. Our findings indicate that inter-provincial market segmentation leads to a decline in public service efficiency. Moreover, the influence of horizontal competition between local governments on public service efficiency varies depending on the degree of positive and negative effects in their competition dynamics. The impact of vertical competition between central and local governments on public service efficiency is influenced by the degree of fiscal decentralization. When the level of fiscal decentralization is below 0.808, vertical competition between central and local governments has a promoting effect on public service efficiency. However, when the degree of fiscal decentralization exceeds 0.08, this promoting effect weakens and gradually transforms into a negative influence. The insights and evidence provided by this study offer valuable guidance for for effectively reshaping the fiscal relations between the central and local governments in China and improving public service efficiency in the context of a new round of fiscal and tax system reforms.

Foreign ownership and product market competition's influence on firm performance: Mediating role of the corporate governance index

AbstractThis study examines the influence of foreign ownership and product market competition on firm performance in Vietnam's listed companies through the mediating role of the corporate governance index. Moreover, the study explores the moderating role of business strategy in the relationships between foreign ownership, product market competition, and firm performance. We use maximum likelihood structural equation modeling in Stata 14 software to analyze the data collected from 180 Vietnamese listed companies from 2015 to 2019. The results indicate that foreign ownership and product market competition positively influence firm performance by mediating the corporate governance index. Business strategy negatively moderates the relationship between product market competition and firm performance. This study has implications for managers focusing on foreign ownership and product market competition to improve corporate governance systems, enhancing firm performance. Additionally, managers may build business strategies when product market competition increases to avoid negative effects on firm performance.

Fairness-Aware Competitive Bidding Influence Maximization in Social Networks

Competitive influence maximization (CIM) has been studied for years due to its wide application in many domains. Most current studies primarily focus on the microlevel optimization by designing policies for one competitor to defeat its opponents. Furthermore, current studies ignore the fact that many influential nodes have their own starting prices, which may lead to inefficient budget allocation. In this article, we propose a novel competitive bidding influence maximization (CBIM) problem, where the competitors allocate budgets to bid for the seeds attributed to the platform during multiple bidding rounds. To solve the CBIM problem, we propose a fairness-aware multiagent CBIM (FMCBIM) framework. In this framework, we present a multiagent bidding particle environment (MBE) to model the competitors’ interactions and design a starting price adjustment mechanism to model the dynamic bidding environment. Moreover, we put forward a novel multiagent CBIM (MCBIM) algorithm to optimize competitors’ bidding policies. Extensive experiments on five datasets show that our work has good efficiency and effectiveness.

Examining the Effectiveness of Marketing Mix Components on Market Acceptance towards Natural Dye Products in Indonesia

Natural dye batik is a popular product in Indonesia, made using natural dyes derived from plants. This unique and authentic product attracts consumers who care about the environment and local culture, making it more preferred than chemical dyes. Research on the potential of natural dye products in Indonesia is important as it has great potential to develop the natural dye industry. Various marketing strategies have been used to market natural dye batik in Indonesia, but empirical testing is needed to understand how these strategies impact purchasing decisions. Studies have shown that consumer attitudes towards the environment, market competition, return rates, pricing strategies, and cultural influences impact optimal levels of environmental friendliness or greenness for products. This study examines the variable influence of marketing mix on the purchase intention of natural dye batik in Indonesia, aiming to contribute to the development of the natural dye industry and provide healthier and environmentally friendly alternatives for consumers using (PLS-SEM). The study concludes that product attributes, price, promotional approach, and place have significant impacts on consumer intention to buy with p-value 0.00, 0.00, and 0.033 below 0.05, and that executives should adopt green marketing strategies to improve consumer recommendations regarding purchase intention.

Green supply chain finance strategies with market competition and financial constraints

In the context of sustainable development, market competition is intensifying, and financial constraints have emerged as a significant hindrance to green project investment. Green Supply Chain Finance (GSCF), characterized by long-term collaboration, has emerged as a crucial financial approach to mitigate corporate financial limitations and channel capital flows into environmentally friendly industries. We propose a two-echelon supply chain with one supplier and two competing retailers over a single period and investigate ordering, sales, and financing decisions simultaneously under competition. Retailers constrained by financial considerations may secure GSCF or traditional bank financing (BF) loans. This study investigates the influence of competition on pricing and sales strategies during the selling season. The results demonstrate that retailers select between clearance and responsive selling strategies based on the level of market competition. During the ordering season, retailers share the product market equally when interest rates are uniform, and the supplier formulates a supply chain contract while considering the financing interest rate. In the presence of differential interest rates, retailers may not always opt for the GSCF, even when they offer an interest rate advantage, due to the comprehensive impacts of operational and financial strategies. Remarkably, competitive retailers do not choose the GSCF when their initial green investment capital surpasses a certain threshold.

Pengaruh Persaingan, Ukuran Perusahaan, dan Leverage Terhadap Stabilitas Bank di Indonesia

The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of competition, company size, and leverage on bank stability in Indonesia, which is proxied by the z-score and return on assets (ROA). The sample used in this study amounted to 17 banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during 2010–2019, with sample selection using a purposive technique. The research data used in this study is secondary quantitative data obtained from annual financial reports. The analysis used in this research is descriptive statistical analysis, classical assumption test, and panel data regression analysis. The results showed that competition has a positive effect on z-score, company size has no effect on z-score, leverage has a positive effect on z-score, and competition has a positive effect on ROA. Company size has no effect on ROA, and leverage does not have an influence on ROA.

Analysis of Multi-Modal Public Transit Competing Relationships and Evolutionary Mechanisms in Cities in Cold Regions

In order to reveal the characteristics of the competition and cooperation of multi-modal public transportation in the cities of cold areas and to study the competitive relationship of multi-modal public transportation in cold areas, the urban public transportation system in cold areas is divided into three sub-systems, namely, conventional buses, urban mass transit, and cabs, to analyze the competitive relationship and evolution mechanism of multi-modal public transportation in cities of cold areas. We construct a multi-modal public transit Lotka–Volterra competitiveness model, considering that conventional buses and urban mass transit are mainly dominant in urban public transit systems in cold regions, and introduce the competitive influence effect coefficients and cooperative influence effect coefficients to analyze the mechanism of the evolution of the competitiveness between conventional buses and urban mass transit. The data on traffic supply and demand and travel of the Harbin bus system, a typical city in China, are collected, and the simulation analysis of multi-modal competing relationship and evolution mechanism of conventional bus and urban mass transit competition is carried out, respectively, with Harbin as the research object. The results show that the constructed model can better describe the multi-modal bus competition relationship and evolution mechanism.

Cooperative bound states in quantum walks of interacting particles

Although multiparticle quantum walks have been claimed to be universal for quantum computing, fundamental issues still need further understanding, such as the formation of bound states and their role in particle dynamics. By considering the framework of two-particle quantum walks, we study particles with short- or long-range interactions between them and observe the emergence of local and non-local bound states associated with these interactions. We show that such bound states can perform competitive and cooperative influence with existing states, sometimes resulting in unusual dynamics. In addition to revealing the optimal scenarios for particles to perform coherent dynamics, we also show that cooperative scenarios between bound states are responsible for robustly correlated quantum walks. Thus, coherent dynamics of particles can be maintained even for strong interaction strengths, avoiding the nonmonotonic behavior exhibited by systems with only on-site interaction.

How does competition influence liquidity creation? Exploring credit risk, foreign banks, and crisis

Contributing to the past literature related on how bank competition affects the creation of liquidity, this research explores a comprehensive dataset of 43 European countries for a total of 13,487 individual banks spanning the period 2005–2020. We evaluate the influences of credit risk, foreign banks, and crisis in the liquidity creation and competition nexus, presenting results that greater competition lowers fragile banks’ incentives and/or risk absorption capacity and increases unprofitable liquidity creation, thus supporting the fragility channel hypothesis. Nevertheless, there is an opposite competition causality for commercial banks and financial holding companies. Commercials banks as well as holding companies are generally larger in terms of assets than other financial institutions and hence may have more market power and capacity to lend more, supporting the price channel hypothesis. Credit risk, foreign banks, and crisis exhibit concrete roles in the liquidity creation and competition nexus. Lastly, we discuss policy implications.

Research on the Full-term Marketing and Business Operations Strategy of HEYTEA Based on the SWOT Model

HeyTea is one of the most renowned tea beverage brands in China. Despite achieving great success in the past few years, HeyTea faces massive challenges and market competition. It is found that HeyTea has adjusted its marketing strategies in order to adapt to the fast-changing marketing environment. The study topic is research on the full-term marketing and business operations strategy of HeyTea based on the SWOT model. This study investigates the intricacies of HeyTea's strategic evolution, comparing its former and later stages of marketing approaches. The core of this study revolves around the SWOT analysis model, where the application of this model to HeyTea is thoroughly examined. The findings reveal the brand's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats within the market landscape. These insights are instrumental in evaluating the efficacy of HeyTea's marketing and business operations strategies. And for prospects, HeyTea can take some actions to improve brand competitiveness and increase brand influence.

Tree and grass competition in savannas: Interactive effects of soil moisture, grass defoliation and grass species identity on the growth and survival of tree seedlings

AbstractWe experimentally examined the influence of grass competition, grass species identity (taxa) and water availability on the seedling growth and survival of two dominant tree species (Vachellia (formerly Acacia) robusta and V. tortilis) of the Serengeti National Park in Tanzania. Despite being widely distributed, the species have an opposing overstorey dominance across a rainfall and productivity gradient, with V. robusta dominating the more productive mesic sites and V. tortilis in the lower productivity, drier sites. We investigated the role of different grass species, which vary in distribution and abundance across the rainfall gradient, in influencing the growth and survival of Vachellia seedlings. We found a significant effect of grass competition but no effect of grass species identity on the growth or survival of seedlings. Seedling survival was highest in the absence of grass competition, intermediate when grasses were defoliated to simulate grazing and lowest when grown with ungrazed grasses. Grass competition had a more negative effect on the stem diameter of V. tortilis than V. robusta. All V. tortilis seedlings grown under a combination of drought conditions and unclipped grasses died by the end of the experiment. However, reduced grass competition by simulated grazing improved V. tortilis seedling survival to comparable levels achieved by V. robusta species. Our study advances our understanding of tree and grass competition across environmental gradients and suggests that the presence of grass and soil moisture have species‐specific effects on tree seedling growth and survival in African savannas.

Investigating supply chain participants’ circular economy action effects on firm financial performance from a stakeholder theory perspective

The circular economy (CE) model has recently emerged and been practiced by many firms due to pressure for desirability of sustainability. It is important for researchers and practitioners to understand the effects of firms' CE actions on their own and their supply chain partners' financial performance to better implement CE practices. However, existing literature has not analyzed the impact of firms' CE actions from a holistic supply chain framework to find how a firm's CE actions affect its supply chain partners' financial performance. In this study, we investigate this issue from the stakeholder theory perspective with empirical evidence from the China Stock Market and Accounting Research database and the Chinese Research Data Services Platform database for 2006–2021 to perform regressions. Our findings suggest a firm's CE actions have both a positive direct effect to improve its own financial performance and a spillover effect to enhance its partners' (i.e., suppliers' and customers') financial performance. Additionally, a higher supply chain concentration level strengthens the CE direct effect. Further, we find a positive moderating influence of industry competition on stimulating the CE direct effect and its positive moderating effect on the spillover effect of downstream customers' CE efforts on the financial performance of the focal firms. Our findings urge firms to implement and encourage their partners to make CE efforts to enhance their financial performance. Firms should also strengthen centralized purchasing and supply with downstream partners to utilize the amplified CE efforts' effect, particularly when they face fierce competition.

Timing and green decisions for competitive manufacturers under demand uncertainty and risk aversion

AbstractLeveraging real options theory, we have constructed a utility‐based model to examine the influence of uncertainty, risk aversion, and competition on the optimal entry timing for green manufacturers and traditional manufacturers, as well as the degree of greenness for follower products. Our analysis reveals that increased uncertainty and risk aversion enhance the value of investment opportunities for manufacturers, thereby raising their investment thresholds. Even though competition reduces the value of market entry for the leader compared to monopoly, its investment thresholds are unaffected by competition. More interestingly, consumer green preferences exhibit a non‐monotonic impact on green enterprise's entry timing.

Innovation, competitiveness, and business ecosystem: determinants of local economic strengthening

This study aims to analyze the influence of innovation, competitiveness, and business ecosystem variables on strengthening the local economy. The development of small businesses as the basis of the people's economy is one of the strategic steps that need to be followed up with concrete steps to increase family productivity, improve the economy, and overcome the problems of poverty, and unemployment. Community business is one of the strengthening of the local economy. This research is field research with qualitative and quantitative approaches to provide a comprehensive explanation. The research sample was MSME business actors in Sukajadi Village, Muaraenim Regency using the purposive sampling method. Data collection techniques are used through surveys, documentation, and questionnaires using Likert scales to assess instruments. Multiple linear regression equations were utilized for the analysis of the data. The results showed that the variables of innovation, competitiveness, and business ecosystem partially or simultaneously affect the strengthening of the local economy. The independent variable affected the dependent variable by 51.2% while the remaining 48.8% was influenced by other variables not described in this study. Innovation, competitiveness, and business ecosystems play a crucial role in strengthening the local economy. These factors are interconnected and have a positive impact simultaneously and reinforce each other. By working together, innovation, competitiveness, and business ecosystems can create a strong sustainable, and inclusive local economic environment at the local level. This not only benefits local businesses but also for communities to become more resilient and able to access more opportunities. This condition supports the improvement of the welfare and quality of life of the community as a whole.

Dynamics of fractional plant virus propagation model with influence of seasonality and intraspecific competition

All biological forms of life rely on plants for many of their basic needs. Nonetheless, viruses can often infect plants. The ecosystem that depends on it could be destroyed as a result. An insect vector may be responsible for the virus's spread from plant to plant. A fractional order epidemic model is developed since it gives the more realistic solutions as the epidemics always persists in some or the other region and never becomes zero. The dynamics of the plant virus propagation model with effect from seasonality (PVP‐S) and intraspecific competition among predators are investigated in terms of existence of solutions, boundedness, and uniqueness. Analysis of plant virus propagation with effect from seasonality and intraspecific competition among predators in terms of fractional order is the novelty of this model. Here, we observe that the infection almost becomes zero in case of integral value, whereas it always persists as the fractional order is introduced, which is more realistic in nature. The occurrence of transcritical bifurcation for the model has been investigated. The proposed nonlinear model is numerically studied by the Adams–Bashforth–Moulton method. This study reveals the effectiveness of the numerical technique as well as the effect of the fractional order derivative on PVP‐S dynamics.

Does competitive action intensity influence team performance via leader bottom-line mentality? A social information processing perspective.

Leader bottom-line mentality (LBLM) exists when leaders solely focus on securing bottom-line outcomes to the exclusion of alternative considerations. Our research examines why leaders adopt LBLMs and the implications of this focused leadership strategy on team sales performance and pro-environmental behavior. Utilizing social information processing theory, we examine LBLM as a mediator and contend that competitive action intensity in the work environment provokes LBLM, which then signals to teams the importance of raising sales performance and reducing pro-environmental behavior. We also suggest that leader performance reward expectancy (i.e., perceptions that rewards are directly tied to high performance) serves as a first-stage moderator and team performance reward expectancy serves as a second-stage moderator, with higher (vs. lower) levels of each strengthening the indirect effects of competitive action intensity, through LBLM, onto team sales performance and pro-environmental behavior. Utilizing field data from a large pharmaceutical company (Study 1) as well as an experimental causal chain design (Studies 2a and 2b), we found support for our theoretical model. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Bioindication for Ecosystem Regeneration towards Natural conditions: the BERN data base and BERN model

The primary task of the BERN database is to document reference data on typical site parameters for the occurrence of plant communities in which their diagnostic species are in competitive equilibrium with each other and in homeostatic equilibrium with the site factors. Common approaches for the creation of a site-plant database such as ordination or bioindication based on individual species like PROPS or MultiMOVE model are of limited use because it is not possible to determine the potential occurrence of a plant species on the basis of site factors, since the competitive influences cannot be determined in advance according to current knowledge. Therefore, the BERN database takes into account the structure of plant communities with the abundance and dominance of species in the competitive equilibrium of plant communities as a reference for determining anthropogenically induced changes. Qualitative knowledge on the relationship between site types and vegetation communities is widely available, as can be seen from the extensive phytosociological publications. For this purpose, synoptic tables and their location descriptions of around 50,000 relevés were evaluated. The BERN database includes currently 887 central European plant communities and links to their diagnostically defining species composition. The database defines the niche of 2210 central European plant species for the soil properties pH, base saturation, carbon to nitrogen ratio, and wetness index and the climatic properties continentality, length of vegetation period, solar radiation and climatic water balance. The BERN model recombines the realised species niches that mainly form the competitively homeostatic structure of a plant community in order to determine the fundamental multifactorial niche of this community. The BERN database contains mainly historical recordings of more or less undisturbed sites. The BERN model (Bioindication for Ecosystem Regeneration towards Natural conditions) as an application module of the BERN database was developed to integrate ecological cause-effect relationships into studies on environmental status assessment and forecasting. The BERN database now has been published for the first time. The methodology of creating the BERN database and the BERN model are documented and applications are demonstrated with examples. The freely available database should invite you to supplement and modify it.

How does ESG disclosure promote technological innovation? Moderating effects based on product market competition

PurposeThe primary objective of this study is to unveil the relationships that interconnect ESG and three pillars disclosures with technological innovation while also investigating the moderating impact of product market competition. The paper seeks to identify the underlying mechanisms that facilitate technological innovation in sustainable management.Design/methodology/approachUsing data from 8,738 Chinese firms from 2011 to 2019, this study employs quantitative analysis to examine the relationship between ESG disclosure and technological innovation and the moderating effect. Moreover, this study explores the heterogeneous impacts while considering factors such as property rights and firm size.FindingsThe findings reveal a positive correlation between ESG disclosure and technological innovation. The study also investigates the moderating role of product market competition and finds that increasing competition mitigates the positive effects of ESG disclosure on technological innovation. Additionally, the conclusions reveal that the relationship between ESG and three pillars disclosures and technological innovation, as well as the moderating role of product market competition, exhibits inconsistency across firms with different property rights and sizes.Originality/valueThis study offers a clear understanding of the relationship between ESG disclosures and technological innovation, and how it varies across businesses of different sizes and ownership structures. It also provides fresh perspectives on the influence of product market competition on this relationship, with implications for strategy development in corporations.