Compensation Value Research Articles

Gender differences in lead executive compensation: evidence from intercollegiate athletics

ABSTRACT This paper contributes to the literature examining gender differences in executive compensation by assessing whether gender is systematically associated with the guaranteed base salary and maximum potential compensation of the athletic director (AD) who serves as the lead executive of the organization in intercollegiate sport. We utilize National Collegiate Athletic Association compensation data from the United States spanning from 2009 to 2020. We match this with data capturing AD personal characteristics and institutional factors to produce a sample of 613 annual observations. The results from panel regressions and Blinder-Oaxaca decompositions indicate statistically significant evidence that women ADs earn lower base salaries than men ADs after controlling for numerous personal and institutional characteristics. These results suggest potential gender-specific discriminatory treatment in guaranteed compensation. The modeling also produces largely non-significant evidence to suggest women ADs sign employment contracts specifying lower maximum potential compensation values. Overall, the results suggest a sizeable executive compensation gap in a sport setting subject to substantial public awareness and media attention.

An iterative path compensation method for double-sided robotic roller forming of compact thin-walled profiles

High-precision robotic forming of ultrahigh strength materials is challenging due to the significant stiffness deformation of industrial robots. In this work, a double-sided robotic roller forming process was developed to form ultrahigh strength steels to thin-walled profiles. Synchronized laser heating prior to plastic deformation was initially introduced as a means of reducing the required forming forces. Considering the varying forming forces during the compensation of stiffness-deformation-induced path deviation, an iterative path compensation method was proposed and implemented to enable continuous adjustments of path compensation values, utilizing a robot stiffness model and the correlation between compensation values and forming forces. Results show that laser heating has a significant positive effect on reducing springback angle due to the decrease of forming forces, while the path compensation facilitates the forming of compact thin-walled profiles with sharp bending radii. It is validated that the proposed method for iterative path compensation is conducive to the determination of the optimized path compensation values with limited iterations.

Analysis of the Degree of Influence of External Unfairness of Executive Compensation on the Stability of Corporate Management Teams

Abstract This paper uses explanatory variables to carry out the degree of executive unfairness on the stability of the team, using the number of members serving in the sample period to measure the stability of the executive team, the introduction of risk-taking, inefficient investment mediating variables on the role of corporate merger and acquisition behavior impact path. By calculating the causal relationship between executive team stability and corporate technological innovation performance, it is concluded that the degree of external positive inequity in compensation impacts corporate stability. It is found that the mean value of executive compensation in the agriculture and forestry industry is 0.287, the median is 0.193, and the average annual growth rate of average executive compensation is 24.2%, which can provide practical suggestions for corporate managers and decision-makers about compensation setting and team building.

State of health estimation based on inconsistent evolution for lithium-ion battery module

Estimating state of health for battery module is one of the most significant and challenging techniques to promote the commercialization of electric vehicles. Based on the relationship changes of branch current and its estimation error during aging, a state of health estimation general framework is presented for battery module. Firstly, the parallel battery module aging experiment is designed. In addition, the consistency changes of branches were analyzed. A neural network model utilizing dual back-propagation for estimating branch current errors was developed by employing the experimental data of battery module. Through estimation error of branch current under five working conditions, two aging characteristics are extracted, one is the slope of compensation value and current, the other is the slope of compensation value and current change rate. These features are fed into gaussian process regression training to obtain a state of health estimation model for the battery module. Furthermore, the model is validated with new european driving cycle working condition. Finally, a dual bidirectional long short-term memory neural network is utilized to illustrate the versatility of the presented universal framework, which can effectively estimate state of health of battery module with the maximum relative error of 2.1226 %.

Study of the Influence of Macrogeometry Parameters on the Tightness of Shaft–Seal Joints

The factors influencing the reliability and durability of the joint between a shaft and a rubber reinforced seal are analyzed. It has been established that the theory of tightness of such joints has not yet been developed. The quality of a joint is usually assessed by the amount of leakage. It has been revealed that the amount of leakage depends on the materials from which the shaft and seal are manufactured, the roughness of the shaft surface, the presence of dust in the friction zone, the quality of the sealed liquid, and the operating temperature. In addition, the durability of the work is influenced by macrogeometry parameters like deviation from the perpendicularity of the seal to the shaft, deviation from coaxiality, and radial runout of the shaft. A multifactorial experiment has been carried out, as a result of which an empirical relationship has been established between the radial runout of the shaft, rotational speed, and interference in the joint according to the criterion of the onset of leaks. Analysis of the obtained dependence showed that the radial runout should be compensated by interference in the joint, and with an increase in the rotation speed, the compensation value should be greater due to the fact that the working edge of the seal does not have time to follow the shaft. An empirical relationship between the amount of interference and leakage has been obtained, which indicates that with lower interference, leakage will be greater. The research results can be used at the stage of designing assembly units with seals to reduce the influence of radial runout and deviations from the coaxiality of the shaft relative to the seal.

Pengaruh Kompensasi dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada Perusahaan Perkebunan di Tapanuli Selatan

: The quality of human resources is one of the factors for increasing the productivity and performance of a company. One of the goals of improving the quality of human resources is to ensure that the organization/company has quality people to achieve organizational goals. As one of the main drivers in the smooth running of a company's activities, the important role of human resources requires every company to pay attention to and motivate its employees to provide good performance. The research method used is an associative method with a quantitative approach, which can be interpreted as a research statement that asks about the relationship between two or more variables. The population in this study were 33 employees who worked at the Medan Plantation Company. The data collection technique was carried out using a questionnaire. Based on the results of partial hypothesis testing, the results showed that each compensation and job satisfaction variable had a partial effect on employee performance. The results of the simultaneous testing resulted in an F-count value of 8,472 with a significance level of 0.000, while the f-table value at alpha 5% was 3.32, therefore based on the calculation results it was concluded that F-count > F-table and the significance level was 0.001 < 0.05 shows that compensation and job satisfaction together have a positive and significant influence on employee performance in Plantation Companies. The results of testing the coefficient of determination (R2), obtained an R-Square value of 0.361, this means that 36.1% of the variation in employee performance values ​​is determined by the role of variations in compensation values ​​and job satisfaction so it can be concluded that the contribution of compensation values ​​and job satisfaction in influencing employee performance was 36.1% while 63.9% was the contribution of other variables not included in this research.

Sosialisasi Proses dan Tahapan Pengadaan Tanah sesuai Regulasi untuk Lokasi Komplek Perkantoran Pemerintah Provinsi Papua Tengah di Desa Kadaridi, Distrik Wanggar Makmur, Kabupaten Nabire, Provinsi Papua Tengah

The purpose of this community service is to increase understanding and knowledge related to the processes and stages according to the regulations governing land acquisition and the process of calculating the value of compensation in accordance with Law No. 2 of 2012 Article 1 Number 10. The specific target in this community service is the community in Karadiri Village, Wanggar Makmur District, Nabire Regency, Central Papua Province to know and understand the processes and stages according to the regulations governing land acquisition and the process of calculating compensation values according to Law No. 2 of 2012 Article 1 Number 10 so as not to raise concerns about the rights taken due to land acquisition carried out in Karadiri Village, Wanggar Makmur District, Nabire Regency, Central Papua Province. From this community service, the results show that there is an increase in the understanding of the village community towards land acquisition for the public interest so that the village community voluntarily releases their land rights by getting compensation payments which aim to provide land for the implementation of development in order to improve the welfare and prosperity of the nation, state and community while still guaranteeing the legal interests of the Eligible Parties in accordance with Constitution No. 12/2012 article 3.

A Dynamic Nonlinear VDCOL Control Strategy Based on the Taylor Expansion of DC Voltages for Suppressing the Subsequent Commutation Failure in HVDC Transmission

Subsequent commutation failure in high-voltage DC transmission systems seriously emphasizes the safe and stable operation of power systems. Via analyzing the mechanism of commutation failure and the principle of voltage-dependent current order limiter (VDCOL), this paper proposes a dynamic nonlinear VDCOL control strategy based on the Taylor expansion of DC voltage for suppressing subsequent commutation failure. To solve the problem of fluctuating DC current command value caused by a large drop in DC voltage, this paper constructs a nonlinear VDCOL control that can be dynamically adjusted according to the AC bus voltage level, and Taylor expansion of DC voltage is used to obtain its first-order and second-order differential components. Different scales of differential elements are chosen to predict the DC voltage compensation value while balancing sensitivity and accuracy. The compensated DC voltage, used as the starting voltage of VDCOL, is input to the VDCOL control constructed in this paper to suppress the subsequent commutation failure of the transmission system by reducing the fluctuation of the current command value. Finally, the standard test model of HVDC is established based on the actual parameters, and the simulation results show that the Method proposed in this paper has an effective suppressing effect in the case of single-phase or three-phase faults of different severity and is conducive to the restoration of the system power transmission.

Mamdani vs. Takagi-Sugeno Fuzzy Inference Systems in the Calibration of Continuous-Time Car-Following Models.

The transition to intelligent transportation systems (ITSs) is necessary to improve traffic flow in urban areas and reduce traffic congestion. Traffic modeling simplifies the understanding of the traffic paradigm and helps researchers to estimate traffic behavior and identify appropriate solutions for traffic control. One of the most used traffic models is the car-following model, which aims to control the movement of a vehicle based on the behavior of the vehicle ahead while ensuring collision avoidance. Differences between the simulated and observed model are present because the modeling process is affected by uncertainties. Furthermore, the measurement of traffic parameters also introduces uncertainties through measurement errors. To ensure that a simulation model fully replicates the observed model, it is necessary to have a calibration process that applies the appropriate compensation values to the simulation model parameters to reduce the differences compared to the observed model parameters. Fuzzy inference techniques proved their ability to solve uncertainties in continuous-time models. This article aims to provide a comparative analysis of the application of Mamdani and Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy inference systems (FISs) in the calibration of a continuous-time car-following model by proposing a methodology that allows for parallel data processing and the determination of the simulated model output resulting from the application of both fuzzy techniques. Evaluation of their impact on the follower vehicle considers the running distance and the dynamic safety distance based on the observed behavior of the leader vehicle. In this way, the identification of the appropriate compensation values to be applied to the input of the simulated model has a great impact on the development of autonomous driving solutions, where the real-time processing of sensor data has a crucial impact on establishing the car-following strategy while ensuring collision avoidance. This research performs a simulation experiment in Simulink (MATLAB R2023a, Natick, MA, USA: The MathWorks Inc.) and considers traffic data collected by inductive loops as parameters of the observed model. To emphasize the role of Mamdani and Takagi-Sugeno FISs, a noise injection is applied to the model parameters with the help of a band-limited white-noise Simulink block to simulate sensor measurement errors and errors introduced by the simulation process. A discussion based on performance evaluation follows the simulation experiment, and even though both techniques can be successfully applied in the calibration of the car-following models, the Takagi-Sugeno FIS provides more accurate compensation values, which leads to a closer behavior to the observed model.

Ecological compensation mechanism under the double control of water quality and quantity in the Bai River Basin

Watershed ecological compensation is an effective economic policy measure for water ecology conservation and water environment management. This study constructed an eco-compensation mechanism under the double control of water quality and quantity, which consisted of the water quality control module, the water quantity control module, and the double control compensation value module. The pollution loss water quantity and the river habitat compensation water quantity were calculated, and the water quality achievement or excess and water quantity surplus or deficit were identified to divide the multi-scenario compensation mode and obtain the double control compensation value. The Bai River Basin in Nanyang, China, was selected as the case study, and the double control compensation value of the three counties in the basin was calculated from 2015 to 2018. The results showed that the water quantity compensation value of all counties was higher than the water quality compensation value, indicating that the water quantity has a greater impact on the water environment compared with water quality, and the ecological water demand of rivers needs to be guaranteed while strengthening water pollution treatment. The compensation mode all belonged to the double control mode. The double-control compensation mechanism had a distinct advantage over the single-control compensation, indicating that water quality and quantity should be considered in the compensation programs to maintain healthy ecological conditions in the water supply. The research results provide ideas for the quantification of eco-compensation and the formulation of long-term ecological protection mechanisms.

SONG TRANSLATION OF SPEECHLESS BY NAOMI SCOTT: METAPHOR AND UNTRANSLATABILITY

Song is an expressive text which is not an easy task to translate. Many considerations must be taken in order to create a well-produced song translation. In defining the song’s meaning, many procedures are needed to be done. Metaphor and untranslatability need to be presented as the analysis of the song translation. Metaphor which employs hidden and deepen meaning of a text comes along with the song’s expressive feature as a tool to deliver the writer’s feeling and emotions. Translation loss in metaphorical text is also presented while untranslatability deals with the linguistics, cultural, and compensation value of the text. The method used in this research was qualitative descriptive methodology. Metaphorical analysis was done to scrutinize the unseen feature of the text’s meaning. Translation loss in metaphorical view is also being presented in order to reveal the equivalence and inequivalence of the song translation. Two kinds translation loss are found, inevitable and avertable. Untranslatability dealt with the song’s linguistic and cultural phenomenon such as alliteration, assonance, and rhyme. Compensation which deals with untranslatability is also explained in this paper. Compensation in Kind, Compensation in Place, and Compensation in Merging are used to deal with the translation loss of the metaphorical sense of the song.

Anisotropy-driven velocity log reconstruction in deviated wells: A case study from deepwater Sadewa Field

Deviated drilling is a common cost-cutting strategy used in efforts to develop deepwater hydrocarbon fields. By utilizing the existing platform, new wells are drilled with a particular inclination to reach the intended depth level as a branch of the main vertical well. Drilling at inclination results in a change in the direction of observation from data collection. This change will affect the measured magnitude value when well logging is carried out, especially on physical parameters sensitive to the direction of the measurement such as velocity. Distortion of velocity values due to the orientation effect of data collection has been a limiting factor in seismic analysis because of phase changes during the well-to-seismic tie, inconsistent amplitude variation with offset responses, and ambiguity in the appearance of the hockey stick effect on long-offset seismic data. The oil and gas industry is starting to move toward developing concepts that link the presence of anisotropy recorded in field data with the possibility of hydrocarbon reservoirs. Velocity logging (sonic and shear sonic) should begin to get more attention to support this strategy of making data retrieval results more precise. The motivation of this study is to apply the method of calculating velocity compensation values to reconstruct sonic and shear sonic logs in deviated wells by utilizing anisotropy parameters. By reconstructing the velocity log, the authors attempt to verticalize the log to return the log function to represent subsurface conditions.

Urban travel time and residential location choice: The impacts of traffic congestion

The rapid growth of urban transportation has led to increased pressure on transportation infrastructure in many urban areas. In this paper, we examine the relationship between urban travel time and decision-making on the spatial mobility of the labor force to optimize the labor space distribution pattern. Using Gaode map traffic congestion delay data, China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS) data, and a conditional logit model, we conduct the first study to examine the relationship between travel time and residential location choice in 100 major cities in China, specifically from the perspective of traffic congestion. Our research finds that extended urban travel time significantly promotes population outflow, particularly among individuals with light family burdens, low job loyalty, and more choices. The population outflow effect formed by the extension of travel time shows the law of decreasing in line with the size of cities, with medium-sized cities experiencing the most serious inhibition effect. We also propose the concept of transportation accessibility wage bargaining and estimate the monetary compensation value to be ¥22.50 ($3.33) per day. This finding provides a quantitative reference for the design of a corresponding compensation mechanism to improve residents' willingness to stay in cities.

The dynamics of entrepreneurial agglomeration formation: Social selection and simulation.

From the facts that numerous regions with initially similar economic conditions end up with different levels of entrepreneurial agglomeration, this paper constructs a model assuming that the sequential entrants make their career choices based on existing entrepreneurial ratio and describing the dynamics of entrepreneurial agglomeration formation. After mathematical analysis and numerical simulation using NetLogo, it is found that under social selection, a nonlinear Polya process with self-reinforcing and path-dependency characters will emerge, and the repeated entrants' career choices will lead to the agglomeration of entrepreneurship; the agent's risk compensation value, the initial population of agents, the number of role models in the early stage and the initial entrepreneurial ratio are determinants to the formation of entrepreneurial agglomeration. The findings confirm that entrepreneurship has "memory" and the entrepreneurial history could have influence on the future. In order to forge the entrepreneurial agglomeration, our suggestions include exerting influence on the determinants from an early age, and improving the individual's risk-taking abilities.

A study on the value of carbon compensation in the Huai River basin based on land use from 2000 to 2020

Watershed carbon studies can help coordinate watershed development, but there is less research on carbon compensation for land usage in watersheds. The Huai Rivers region is a case in point, the article first identifies a space-time analysis of land usage and carbon emissions from 2000 to 2020; constructed a coupled coordination model of the land use intensity system and carbon compensation value system, and studied the reasons for changes and correlations between land use and carbon compensation in 34 cities; finally, determined the carbon compensation amount based on the above results. The findings indicate that the transformation of land use is mainly reflected in the interconversion of built-up land and cropland; cities in the north-eastern part of the basin have experienced a stronger degree and correlation of carbon emissions growth, mainly influenced by energy consumption and the export economy; since 2010, the degree of reconciliation of overall land use and carbon offsets has changed from a dysfunctional to a transitional phase, varying considerably between cities, but with a positive trend. This study improves the existing carbon compensation evaluation system and creatively introduces the coupling connection with land and carbon into the calculation of land usage carbon compensation amount.

The Effect Of Compensation, Work Environment, Career Development On Job Satisfaction With Employee Work Motivation As An Intervening Variable In Rs X

Hospitals are HR-intensive organizations because of the many kinds of professions and the number of workers engaged in them. Human resources in a hospital consist of health workers (including doctors, nurses, pharmacists, analysts, nutritionists, physiotherapists, radiographers, medical recorders) and non-health personnel (finance, administration, personnel, security, and so on). In the hospital management system, a strategy is needed to manage human resources. This study used quantitative descriptive research methods using linear regression tests, Pearson correlation tests, and path analysis. The study used 93 respondents. The results of this study show that there is a significant influence between compensation, work environment, and career development stimultan on job satisfaction through employee work motivation. The results of the linear regression test showed the t value for compensation was 1.050, the work environment was 10.960, career development was 5.205, work motivation was 3.654. The results of the Pearson correlation test to work motivation for compensation variables were 0.283, work environment was 0.724, career development was 0.386. The results of the Pearson correlation test to job satisfaction for compensation variables were 0.312, work environment was 0.734, career development was 0.415, work motivation was 0.791. Hospital management is expected to improve and improve factors related to compensation, work environment, career development in order to increase work motivation so as to increase job satisfaction.

Discovery, Quantitative Recurrence, and Inhibition of Motion-Blur Hysteresis Phenomenon in Visual Tracking Displacement Detection.

Motion blur is common in video tracking and detection, and severe motion blur can lead to failure in tracking and detection. In this work, a motion-blur hysteresis phenomenon (MBHP) was discovered, which has an impact on tracking and detection accuracy as well as image annotation. In order to accurately quantify MBHP, this paper proposes a motion-blur dataset construction method based on a motion-blur operator (MBO) generation method and self-similar object images, and designs APSF, a MBO generation method. The optimized sub-pixel estimation method of the point spread function (SPEPSF) is used to demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of the APSF method, showing the maximum error (ME) of APSF to be smaller than others (reduced by 86%, when motion-blur length > 20, motion-blur angle = 0), and the mean square error (MSE) of APSF to be smaller than others (reduced by 65.67% when motion-blur angle = 0). A fast image matching method based on a fast correlation response coefficient (FAST-PCC) and improved KCF were used with the motion-blur dataset to quantify MBHP. The results show that MBHP exists significantly when the motion blur changes and the error caused by MBHP is close to half of the difference of the motion-blur length between two consecutive frames. A general flow chart of visual tracking displacement detection with error compensation for MBHP was designed, and three methods for calculating compensation values were proposed: compensation values based on inter-frame displacement estimation error, SPEPSF, and no-reference image quality assessment (NR-IQA) indicators. Additionally, the implementation experiments showed that this error can be reduced by more than 96%.

A Novel Methodology for Fault Sensing in Presence of Power Swing for Transmission Line with Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator

Digital distance relaying is implemented in extra high voltage (EHV) transmission network for speedy and reliable fault detection. But it should not activate in case of slow transients known as power swings. However, for occurrence of any type of fault during power swing, the relay should sense the faulty condition and send trip command to concerned circuit breaker. The detection of fault in a transmission line network with TCSC during the power swing condition has become further complex due to transients generated by series capacitor and the metal–oxide varistor (MOV) protecting it. This paper firstly presents effect of TCSC on distance relay operation for varied TCSC degree of compensation and firing angle values. Further, a discrete wavelet transform-based fast acting fault and swing classification algorithm is proposed which can sense all types of faults during slow as well as fast power swing in first decomposition level and within 0.001 sec. The proposed utilizes optimized threshold values both for swing and fault sensing by using Honey Bee Optimization Algorithm (HBOA). The proposed novel algorithm is coded in MATLAB software and the test system comprising of 400kV, 50Hz parallel transmission line network along with TCSC is built using MATLAB Simulink environment with sim power systems toolbox. It is tested for high/low resistance faults, symmetrical/asymmetrical faults and close-in/far end faults by changing TCSC compensation level and firing angle value. The simulation results prove the accuracy of proposed methodology for swing and fault classification.

Phase Compensation Factor-Based Low Frequency Crossing for Sensorless Induction Motor Drives With Changing Loads

This article deals with speed observation methods for sensorless induction motor drives (SIMD). The speed observability of SIMD near zero stator frequency is a well-known concern. Using adaptive magnetizing current, existing methods are capable of crossing the zero-stator-frequency line, but still limited to constant load conditions. To solve these problems, this paper presents a phase compensation factor-based low frequency crossing method with changing loads (PCF-LFCCL) to realize low frequency crossing process with decreased overcurrent and speed spikes. Firstly, the influence of load variations is studied finely, the LFCCL method is proposed with adaptive magnetizing current. Secondly, the torque output capacity analysis is given and illustrated. On this basis, the synchronous speed limit can be adopted properly. Thirdly, a generalized current model is developed for SIMD. The model reveals the phase delay phenomenon between magnetizing current reference and actual torque current, which can lead to speed spikes and overcurrent. To address this issue, a phase compensation factor (PCF) based method is developed by reconstructing compensation values to correct the torque current. Finally, comparative experiments are presented to validate the PCF-LFCCL method, including stator resistance error test for parameter robustness.

Pengaruh Kompensasi, Lingkungan Kerja Dan Kepemipinan Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Guru Pada Sekolah Madrasah Yogyakarta

This research was conducted to analyze the influence of compensation, work environment and leadership on teacher job satisfaction at Madrasah Yogyakarta, which aims to manage superior and advanced human resources in facing this era of globalization, one of which is by paying attention to employee satisfaction. the role of human resources is the planner and implementer in the organization's achievement.This research uses quantitative descriptive methods with data analysis techniques using validity tests, reliability tests, multiple linear regression analysis, t tests, f tests and tests carried out manually using the SPSS 22.0 for Windows application. The population in this study were teachers at Madrasah Yogyakarta, while the sample included was 57 samples.The results of the research show that, in the validation test each variable was smaller than the significance of 0.05 (valid), the reliability test value was 0.946, it was greater than 0.60 (reliable), the multiple linear regression analysis value of job satisfaction was 8.344, the compensation value was 0.053, the work environment value was 0.333 , and leadership 0.297, partial t test compensation has no effect, but it does influence the work environment and leadership on job satisfaction, the f test simultaneously has an influence on teacher job satisfaction. The greatest level of influence is based on multiple linear analysis, the highest beta value of the work environment with a valueof 0.333 compared to the values of other independent variables