Compensation Framework Research Articles

An Improved Framework of Affine Motion Compensation in Video Coding.

Affine Motion Compensation (AMC) is a promising coding tool in Joint Exploration Model (JEM) developed by the Joint Video Exploration Team (JVET). AMC in JEM employs a 4-parameter affine model between the current block and its reference block. With this model, Motion Vectors (MV) of each sub-block can be derived from the MVs at two control points. In this paper, we present a practical framework to further improve the AMC in JEM. First, we introduce a multi-model AMC approach, which allows the encoder to select either the 4-parameter affine model or the 6-paramter affine model adaptively. Second, we improve the affine inter-mode in two aspects. For the normative part, we present an efficient affine motion coding method, which replaces the affine MV Prediction (MVP) candidates in JEM with more accurate but simpler ones, and employs a second-order MVP. For the non-normative part, we enhance the motion estimation process for AMC, by regulating the optimization algorithm. Finally, we propose to unify the affine merge-mode and the normal merge-mode into a unified merge-mode, which combine affine merge candidates and normal merge candidates in a single merge candidate list. Partial of these methods have been adopted into the next generation video coding standard named Versatile Video Coding (VVC). Simulation results show that the proposed methods can achieve 1.67% BD rate savings in average for the random access configurations.

A Predictor-Based Framework for Delay Compensation in Networked Closed-Loop Systems

One of the main challenges in networked closed-loop systems is that communication delays can significantly deteriorate system performance and even cause instability. A predictor-based framework was proposed previously to improve the networked closed-loop system performance by compensating constant network delays. The key feature of this prediction scheme is that it does not require a dynamic model of the remote subsystem and has only one design parameter to tune for each predictor to mitigate the communication delays. In this paper, the predictor-based framework is developed further. Specifically, previously the predictor was developed and its stability was analyzed for constant delays only. In this paper, the predictor structure is extended to the varying delay case and its stability is established for the first time for varying delays in a sufficient but not very conservative range by leveraging a Markov chain based approach from the literature. To that end, the key assumption of the approach that varying delays can be modeled using a two-time-scale Markov chain is tested using actual network delay data. Next, to test the performance of the framework on a networked closed-loop system, it is applied to a simulated networked motor-shaft-geartrain system with different constant and varying delay models, as well as a real network. Predictors are shown to be effective in significantly reducing the negative effects caused by delays and greatly improve the fidelity of the networked integration. Finally, stability of the closed-loop system with predictor-based framework is studied with constant delays using a “mixed” small gain and passivity theorem from the literature and it is demonstrated that the predictors can even help stabilize a closed-loop linear time-invariant system when the nonpredictor-based networked system is unstable due to constant delays.

Lanthanide Coordination Polymers and MOFs based on the Dicyanodihydridoborate Anion.

New lanthanide cyanoborates were synthesized from anhydrous lanthanide chlorides and the acid H[BH2 (CN)2 ] in either acetonitrile or pyridine. Reactions in acetonitrile lead to three-dimensional, anionic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) 3 ∞ [Ln2 {BH2 (CN)2 }9 ]⋅[Ln(CH3 CN)9 ] (Ln=Ce, Eu, Tb) which incorporate complex cations [Ln(CH3 CN)9 ]3+ in the pores of the framework for charge compensation. In contrast, the reactions in pyridine result in the formation of one-dimensional coordination polymers 1 ∞ [H(py)2 ][LnCl2 {BH2 (CN)2 }2 (py)2 ]⋅0.5 py (Ln=Ce, Pr, py=pyridine) with [H(py)2 ]+ as counter ions for the anionic strand structure. The products show intense photoluminescence, for Ce3+ based on 5d-4f transitions in the blue spectral region, whereas the Eu3+ and Tb3+ compounds exhibit characteristic photoluminescence based on 4f-4f transitions of the respective lanthanide ions. The observed photoluminescence is mainly attributed to a direct excitation of the lanthanide ions and sensitization of the lanthanide ions by the [BH2 (CN)2 ]- anions. These results mark the utilized borate anions as versatile building block for new coordination compounds.

Solidarity compensation framework in football revisited

The present article discusses key problems related to suitability of the existing solidarity compensation system for the current transfer market in football. It briefly explains the origin, current wording and applicability of the FIFA solidarity framework, adopted in 2001 and consisting of ‘solidarity contribution’ and ‘training compensation’ systems, as well as its consistency with the EU law. Article demonstrates key deficiencies of the FIFA solidarity framework, resulting in the competitive imbalance between football clubs participating in organized football and lack of the efficient, systemic encouragement for training and development of youth players by football clubs. Furthermore, this article includes a review of de lege ferenda proposals aimed to eliminate major flaws of the current framework, enhance solidarity and competitive balance between football clubs as well as to reduce disproportionalities in respect to financial gratification for training clubs of professional football players.

Assessing the Resettlement Scheme of the Bui Hydro – Project Using the Social Lens

With particular reference to the Bui dam, irrespective of the achievements chalked in executing certain perspectives of the Resettlement Planning Framework, vis-à-vis the fulfilment of some promises, these achievements are not tenable (unceasing) in view of the fact that the sustained prevalence of these facilities is heavily reliant on the folks’ sustenance which is non-existent and far-fetched. The main rationale of this paper is to assess the resettlement scheme of the Bui hydro project using the social lens. That notwithstanding, the study identified the key attributes of effective resettlement plan, determined the distinctive social implications of resettlement schemes on displaced individuals caused by dam construction, as well as investigated the critical socio-cultural issues associated with resettlement schemes in Ghana, specifically using Bui Power Authority (BPA) and Gyama New Settlement Township (BPAGs) as the case study organization and locality respectively. Purposive sampling using questionnaire instrumentation was used to collect data from the staff/resettlers of the organization and locality under scrutiny. A 5-Point Likert scale which was later transformed into the Relative Importance Index (RII) was used to identify the key attributes of effective resettlement plan, determine the distinctive social implications of resettlement schemes on displaced individuals caused by dam construction, as well as investigate the critical socio-cultural issues associated with resettlement schemes at BPAGs. The results indicated the 6 key attributes of effective resettlement plan in Ghana as: sustainable and effective compensation framework, effective participation of APs, thorough description of resettlement assistance and restoration of livelihood activities, consideration of short and long term strategies/government responsibility of APs’ rights, strict adherence to monitoring and evaluation regimes, in addition to clarity of definition in terms of entitlements, eligibility, ethnicity, etc. Secondly, with respect to the distinctive social implications of resettlement schemes on displaced individuals caused by dam construction, participants at BPAGs intimated the following parameters: loss of asset that supports community livelihoods, economic upheavals, adverse health implications for communities, loss of cultural identity, adverse impact of conservation efforts (ancestral heritage sites), including shift in social roles. Furthermore, the critical socio-cultural issues associated with resettlement schemes in Ghana as revealed by the respondents’ were as follows: social or psychological marginality, social disarticulation/social costs, depreciation of ethnic group’s social status, dispersion and fragmentation of existing communities, education loss as a distinctive and additional risk, as well as loss of control over physical space of APs. It is recommended that stakeholders, project developers, economies across the globe inculcate these strategic initiatives: Avoidance or minimization of involuntary resettlement, reconceptualization of resettlement programs, encouragement of community participation, and effective compensation packages should be given the needed precedence, etc. so as to manage the issues identified.

Compensation Schemes for Damage Caused by Healthcare and Alternatives to Court Proceedings in the Netherlands - the Netherlands National Report to the 20th General Congress of the International Academy of Comparative Law, Fukuoka, Japan, 22-28 July 2018

In the Netherlands, concerns about the negative experiences of patients with legal procedures following adverse medical events have led to potentially profound changes in the field of procedural complaint- and compensation law. This report offers insight into the Dutch legal framework of compensation for damage caused by healthcare. We start by presenting the traditional framework in part A: The Dutch landscape of medical liability. Having laid the groundwork, we try to explain the innovations that have recently been introduced, in part B: Efforts for reform. We elaborate on the problems patients experience when they claim for compensation, the impact legal procedures can have on both patients and healthcare professionals, the recent changes in legislation trying to address these problems, and how these changes force both healthcare and legal professionals to adapt to a new reality.

Quasi-eccentricity error modeling and compensation in vision metrology

Circular targets are commonly used in vision applications for its detection accuracy and robustness. The eccentricity error of the circular target caused by perspective projection is one of the main factors of measurement error which needs to be compensated in high-accuracy measurement. In this study, the impact of the lens distortion on the eccentricity error is comprehensively investigated. The traditional eccentricity error turns to a quasi-eccentricity error in the non-linear camera model. The quasi-eccentricity error model is established by comparing the quasi-center of the distorted ellipse with the true projection of the object circle center. Then, an eccentricity error compensation framework is proposed which compensates the error by iteratively refining the image point to the true projection of the circle center. Both simulation and real experiment confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method in several vision applications.

Compensation negotiation and corporate governance: the evidence from China

This paper examines CEO pay dispersion for the listed companies in China. We apply a two-tier stochastic frontier model to the CEO compensation framework where asymmetric information generates a surplus between the minimum wage that CEOs accept and the maximum payment that firms offer. This surplus leads to CEO pay dispersion coming from the negotiation power between the CEO and the firm. We generate the surplus extracted by each CEO-firm pair and analyze how corporate governance affects them. An empirical analysis finds that: (1) On average, CEOs are paid 23.26% more than the benchmark; (2) additionally, we examine the bargaining power in state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and non-state-owned enterprises (non-SOEs). We find that CEOs in SOEs have less bargaining power due to compensation regulations. We then examine compensation for new CEOs hired externally and find that CEOs hired externally have less bargaining power on average; and (3) corporate governance has a significant effect on the salary bargaining power of each agent. More specifically, the CEO-Chairman dummy has a significant positive effect on the bargaining power of firms and CEOs, but the latter is larger. Board size has a negative effect on both. Independent directors help improve the bargaining power of the firms and board meeting times help enhance the bargaining power of the CEOs. Equity concentration has a significant negative effect on both sides.

A general packet dropout compensation framework for optimal prior filter of networked multi-sensor systems

This paper proposes a new packet dropout compensation framework for networked multi-sensor systems. It is more general, which includes the existing popular mechanisms such as the zero-input and hold-input mechanisms as the special cases. Based on the proposed compensation framework, the centralized fusion linear optimal full-order prior filters with compensators of different weighting factors are presented. However, it is well known that centralized fusion prior filters (CFPFs) have poor reliability. To improve the reliability, the distributed fusion prior filters (DFPFs) are also given based on the well-known matrix-weighted fusion estimation algorithm in the linear unbiased minimum variance (LUMV) sense. Moreover, the stability and steady-state property of the proposed CFPFs and DFPFs are analyzed. A numerical example is used to make the performance comparisons of the proposed and the existing compensation mechanisms. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed compensation framework and the corresponding fusion filters.

Ecological compensation for desertification control: A review

Desertification control is a crucial way to enhancing the ecological conditions of arid and semi-arid regions, and maintaining sustainable development globally. Designing and improving an ecological compensation mechanism for desertification control has great significance related to achieving balance amongst the needs of different economic subjects and the assurance of a sustained and stable supply of desert ecosystem services. In this paper, (1) the theoretical bases of ecological compensation for desertification control were re-analyzed; (2) the research status and challenges of three important topics related to ecological compensation for desertification control were systemically discussed, including compensation standards, ecosystem service supply-consumption process and multi-scale effects, and resource- environment basis and policy orientation; (3) a research framework of ecological compensation for desertification control based on the process of desert ecosystem service supply–flow–consumption was proposed; (4) and finally, seven priority research issues were discussed, which aimed to support ecological compensation policy-making and ecological engineering implementation for desertification control.

Technical note: Accelerated nonrigid motion-compensated isotropic 3D coronary MR angiography.

PurposeTo develop an accelerated and nonrigid motion‐compensated technique for efficient isotropic 3D whole‐heart coronary magnetic resonance angiography (CMRA) with Cartesian acquisition.MethodsHighly efficient whole‐heart 3D CMRA was achieved by combining image reconstruction from undersampled data using compressed sensing (CS) with a nonrigid motion compensation framework. Undersampled acquisition was performed using a variable‐density Cartesian trajectory with radial order (VD‐CAPR). Motion correction was performed in two steps: beat‐to‐beat 2D translational correction with motion estimated from interleaved image navigators, and bin‐to‐bin 3D nonrigid correction with motion estimated from respiratory‐resolved images reconstructed from undersampled 3D CMRA data using CS. Nonrigid motion fields were incorporated into an undersampled motion‐compensated reconstruction, which combines CS with the general matrix description formalism. The proposed approach was tested on 10 healthy subjects and compared against a conventional twofold accelerated 5‐mm navigator‐gated and tracked acquisition.ResultsThe proposed method achieves isotropic 1.2‐mm Cartesian whole‐heart CMRA in 5 min ± 1 min (~8× acceleration). The proposed approach provides good‐quality images of the left and right coronary arteries, comparable to those of a twofold accelerated navigator‐gated and tracked acquisition, but scan time was up to about four times faster. For both coronaries, no significant differences (P > 0.05) in vessel sharpness and length were found between the proposed method and reference scan.ConclusionThe feasibility of a highly efficient motion‐compensated reconstruction framework for accelerated 3D CMRA has been demonstrated in healthy subjects. Further investigation is required to assess the clinical value of the method.

An Imbalance Compensation Framework for Background Subtraction

Class imbalance refers to the instance where the number of training samples for the majority classes is far more than that of the minority classes (relative imbalance), and the quality of training samples for the minority classes is inferior to that of the majority classes (absolute imbalance), which are further complicated by other imbalance factors, e.g., data overlapping. Video background subtraction aims to classify each pixel into two classes: foreground and background. This paper first reveals that background subtraction is a class imbalance problem, where the foreground and background are the minority and majority classes, respectively. By exploring spatial and temporal correlation inherent in video data, we present an imbalance compensation framework for background subtraction, which consists of two sequential modules, imbalance-compensated bilayer modeling, and imbalance-compensated Bayesian classification. In the first module, spatio-temporal oversampling (SOS) and selective downsampling (SDS) are proposed to compensate the imbalance at data level. SOS attempts to synthesize representative samples appended to the minority sample set, while SDS selectively deletes a number of majority samples in data overlapping areas. The rebalanced samples are then used to learn a bilayer model. In the second module, novel cost functions are proposed to compensate the effect of class imbalance at algorithm level. The cost functions are based on imbalance measurement, and used to construct the prior term in the Bayesian classification scheme. Experiments are conducted on public databases to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

A framework for continuous target tracking during MR-guided high intensity focused ultrasound thermal ablations in the abdomen

BackgroundDuring lengthy magnetic resonance-guided high intensity focused ultrasound (MRg-HIFU) thermal ablations in abdominal organs, the therapeutic work-flow is frequently hampered by various types of physiological motion occurring at different time-scales. If left un-addressed this can lead to an incomplete therapy and/or to tissue damage of organs-at-risk. While previous studies focus on correction schemes for displacements occurring at a particular time-scale within the work-flow of an MRg-HIFU therapy, in the current work we propose a motion correction strategy encompassing the entire work-flow.MethodsThe proposed motion compensation framework consists of several linked components, each being adapted to motion occurring at a particular time-scale. While respiration was addressed through a fast correction scheme, long term organ drifts were compensated using a strategy operating on time-scales of several minutes. The framework relies on a periodic examination of the treated area via MR scans which are then registered to a reference scan acquired at the beginning of the therapy. The resulting displacements were used for both on-the-fly re-optimization of the interventional plan and to ensure the spatial fidelity between the different steps of the therapeutic work-flow. The approach was validated in three complementary studies: an experiment conducted on a phantom undergoing a known motion pattern, a study performed on the abdomen of 10 healthy volunteers and during 3 in-vivo MRg-HIFU ablations on porcine liver.ResultsResults have shown that, during lengthy MRg-HIFU thermal therapies, the human liver and kidney can manifest displacements that exceed acceptable therapeutic margins. Also, it was demonstrated that the proposed framework is capable of providing motion estimates with sub-voxel precision and accuracy. Finally, the 3 successful animal studies demonstrate the compatibility of the proposed approach with the work-flow of an MRg-HIFU intervention under clinical conditions.ConclusionsIn the current study we proposed an image-based motion compensation framework dedicated to MRg-HIFU thermal ablations in the abdomen, providing the possibility to re-optimize the therapy plan on-the-fly with the patient on the interventional table. Moreover, we have demonstrated that even under clinical conditions, the proposed approach is fully capable of continuously ensuring the spatial fidelity between the different phases of the therapeutic work-flow.

Legal Framework of Compensation for Vessel-Source Oil Pollution Damage in China

중국은 세계 2위의 원유 수입국이라고 할 수 있다. 원유에 대한 수요가 증가함에 따라서 선박으로 인한 유류오염의 리스크가 증가하고 있는 실정이라고 할 수 있다. 선박으로 인한 유류오염손해에 대한 배상제도는 희생자와 해양환경을 보호하는 중요한 수단이다. 중국은 1992년 유류오염손해에 대한 민사책임에 관한 국제협약(CLC of 1992)에 가입하였고, 2009년에는 선박연료유협약(Bunker Convention)이 발효되었다. 중국은 선박기인 유류오염사건에 대처하기 위하여 배상제도에 대한 국내 입법을 지속적으로 추진해 오고 있다. 예를 들면, 2010년 선박기인 해양오염의 예방 및 통제에 관한 규정을 개정하였고, 이와 함께 선박기인 유류오염의 민사책임에 관한 보험가입 규정이 마련되었다. 그런데 중국의 선박기인 유류오염손해에 대한 배상책임제도는 다음과 같은 몇 가지 문제점이 있다. 첫째, 민사적 구제수단보다 행정적 구제수단이 우월하다는 점이다. 둘째, 유류오염손해배상제도의 내용이 추상적이라는 점이다. 셋째, 유류오염손해배상제도의 기본적 내용의 일부가 부재하다는 점이다. 넷째, 유류오염손해배상제도의 관련 기준이 합리적이지 않다는 점이다. 본 논문의 결론으로서 첫째, 유류오염손해배상의 책임의 주체를 구체적으로 규정할 필요가 있다고 본다. 둘째, 유류오염손해배상의 범위를 보다 구체적으로 규정할 필요가 있다고 생각한다. 셋째, 1969년 유류오염손해에 대한 민사책임에 관한 국제협약(CLC of 1969)을 책임제한과 관련하여 국내 유류오염사건에 적용하는 것은 배제하여야 한다고 본다.

The ecological damage compensation for hydropower development based on trade-offs in river ecosystem services

Hydropower development is a kind of trade-offs in river ecosystem services, while increasing provision services but reduce some regulation or supporting services. However, some ecosystem services we lost are difficult to recover and thus affect the regulated river and riparian ecosystems inevitably. In this context, an ecological compensation framework for damaged river in hydropower development was proposed based on the trade-off in river ecosystem services. And the accounting system for affected rivers was established based on river eco-service alteration, for the hydropower services cannot replace the lost services. Using the ecosystem services valuation methods, the trade-offs of river ecosystem services were quantified and illustrated by some hydropower projects in Lancang River, Yalung River and Min Chiang in China. According to the survey data, the annual compensation standard of per unit installed capacity in above cases may range from 27 to 206 RMB Yuan.

Compensation for Expropriations in a World of Investment Treaties: Beyond the Lawful/Unlawful Distinction

When a state expropriates a foreign investment in violation of a bilateral or other treaty on investment protection and a foreign investor sues, where should a tribunal look for the standard of compensation -- to the amount specified in the treaty, to an external standard for violations of internationally law generally, or elsewhere? Investor-state tribunals have offered wildly different answers to this question, trapped in a paradigm set by the Permanent Court of International Justice ninety years ago that distinguishes between so-called lawful and unlawful expropriations. This article evaluates and criticizes the caselaw of tribunals and proposes a new framework for compensation grounded in five key purposes of a remedy in the context of contemporary investor-state relations. It also clarifies the economic and legal significance of valuing expropriated investments using information available at the date of expropriation as opposed to the date of the award. The article proposes that, instead of the current lawful/unlawful distinction, compensation take account of specific aspects of the expropriatory act, including whether the state's failure to pay was based on a bona fide disagreement with the investor and whether the state violated the procedural criteria spelled out in an investment treaty. It concludes with a consideration of the implications of this approach for violations of other provisions of investment treaties.

Comparison of 2D and 3D modeled tumor motion estimation/prediction for dynamic tumor tracking during arc radiotherapy

Many real-time imaging techniques have been developed to localize a target in 3D space or in a 2D beam’s eye view (BEV) plane for intrafraction motion tracking in radiation therapy. With tracking system latency, the 3D-modeled method is expected to be more accurate even in terms of 2D BEV tracking error. No quantitative analysis, however, has been reported. In this study, we simulated co-planar arc deliveries using respiratory motion data acquired from 42 patients to quantitatively compare the accuracy between 2D BEV and 3D-modeled tracking in arc therapy and to determine whether 3D information is needed for motion tracking.We used our previously developed low kV dose adaptive MV–kV imaging and motion compensation framework as a representative of 3D-modeled methods. It optimizes the balance between additional kV imaging dose and 3D tracking accuracy and solves the MLC blockage issue.With simulated Gaussian marker detection errors (zero mean and 0.39 mm standard deviation) and ~155/310/460 ms tracking system latencies, the mean percentage of time that the target moved >2 mm from the predicted 2D BEV position are 1.1%/4.0%/7.8% and 1.3%/5.8%/11.6% for the 3D-modeled and 2D-only tracking, respectively. The corresponding average BEV RMS errors are 0.67/0.90/1.13 mm and 0.79/1.10/1.37 mm. Compared to the 2D method, the 3D method reduced the average RMS unresolved motion along the beam direction from ~3 mm to ~1 mm, resulting in on average only <1% dosimetric advantage in the depth direction. Only for a small fraction of the patients, when tracking latency is long, the 3D-modeled method showed significant improvement of BEV tracking accuracy, indicating potential dosimetric advantage. However, if the tracking latency is short (~150 ms or less), those improvements are limited. Therefore, 2D BEV tracking has sufficient targeting accuracy for most clinical cases. The 3D technique is, however, still important in solving the MLC blockage problem during 2D BEV tracking.

Modeling and Estimation of Friction, Extension, and Coupling Effects in Multisegment Continuum Robots

The prevalence of wire-actuated mechanisms and continuum robots (CRs) for surgical applications stems from several advantages due to the remote location of actuators from the end-effectors (e.g., improved down scalability and sterilization). These advantages, however, come at the expense of inherent uncertainties due to backlash effects, compliance, and friction in the actuation lines, which in turn, limit their precision. In addition, multisegment CRs suffer from actuation coupling, diminishing the accuracy of their kinematic model. This paper aims to address these two gaps by presenting a model-based estimation and actuation compensation framework enabling the online estimation of modeling uncertainties and friction, despite possible temporal changes in these parameters and cross coupling between segments. A capstan friction model accounting for friction-induced actuation line extensions in both fixed and variable geometry conduits is presented. A modified statics model for multisegment robots is presented to account for cross-coupling effects between subsequent CR segments. A sequential estimation approach using the robot inverse kinematics, statics, and measurements of actuated joint positions and forces is then presented. These approaches are then validated experimentally on a two-segment single port access surgery CR.

The role of ecosystem services in USA natural resource liability litigation

This paper examines how the United States has valued harm to public resources in natural resource liability laws and practice, an early legal application of the ecosystem-services conceptual framework. Our primary focus is on valuing harm to the difficult-to-value resources and ecological services that provide indirect or passive human uses, for which revealed preference valuation methods (based on observable behavior) are not applicable. We concentrate on the past 25years of U.S. experience with the innovative, restoration-based framework established in regulations implementing the Oil Pollution Act of 1990. By reframing the damage claims as the cost of both “primary” restoration (to promote recovery of injured resources) and “compensatory” restoration (to account for interim losses pending recovery), the regulations deflected some of the controversy surrounding valuation methods.The restoration-based compensation framework provides two basic approaches for calculating the scale of compensatory restoration projects. A service-to-service approach, which does not require valuation, applies to projects that provide resources and ecosystem services of the same type, quality, and comparable value as those harmed. A valuation approach, intended for a broader range of applications, relies on survey-based methods.For injuries to ecological services, we found trustees have relied almost exclusively on habitat equivalency analysis (HEA), a service-to-service approach, adapting its use to applications where restoration projects make resource and/or ecosystem services substitutions. We explore how the trustees address the challenge of characterizing the equivalency between injury and restoration resources and ecosystem services through the choice of restoration projects and the choice of the ecosystem service metrics. Widely used in the U.S. and EU, the restoration-based measure of damages and the associated HEA methodology may be useful for other countries.

A Reverse Compensation Framework for Shape Deformation Control in Additive Manufacturing

Shape deformation is a well-known problem in additive manufacturing (AM). For example, in the stereolithography (SL) process, some of the factors that lead to part deformation including volumetric shrinkage, thermal cooling, added supporting structures, and the layer-by-layer building process. Variant sources of deformation and their interactions make it difficult to predict and control the shape deformation to achieve high accuracy that is comparable to numerically controlled machining. In this paper, a computational framework based on a general reverse compensation approach is presented to reduce the shape deformation in AM processes. In the reverse compensation process, the shape deformation is first calculated by physical measurements. A novel method to capture the physical deformation by finding the optimal correspondence between the deformed shape and the given nominal model is presented. The amount of compensation is determined by a compensation profile that is established based on nominal and offset models. The compensated digital model can be rebuilt using the same building process for a part with significantly less part deformation than the built part related to the nominal model. Two test cases have been performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented computational framework. There is a 40–60% improvement in terms of L2- and L∞-norm measurements on geometric errors.