Comparison Of Women Research Articles

Comparison Of Women’s Health Care In Germany, Austria And Switzerland Regarding Surgical Therapy Options For Patients With Abnormal Uterine Bleeding

Comparison Of Women’s Health Care In Germany, Austria And Switzerland Regarding Surgical Therapy Options For Patients With Abnormal Uterine Bleeding

Aberrant Cerebral Blood Flow in Response to Hunger and Satiety in Women Remitted from Anorexia Nervosa.

The etiology of pathological eating in anorexia nervosa (AN) remains poorly understood. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) is an indirect marker of neuronal function. In healthy adults, fasting increases CBF, reflecting increased delivery of oxygen and glucose to support brain metabolism. This study investigated whether women remitted from restricting-type AN (RAN) have altered CBF in response to hunger that may indicate homeostatic dysregulation contributing to their ability to restrict food. We compared resting CBF measured with pulsed arterial spin labeling in 21 RAN and 16 healthy comparison women (CW) when hungry (after a 16-h fast) and after a meal. Only remitted subjects were examined to avoid the confounding effects of malnutrition on brain function. Compared to CW, RAN demonstrated a reduced difference in the Hungry − Fed CBF contrast in the right ventral striatum, right subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (pcorr < 0.05) and left posterior insula (punc < 0.05); RAN had decreased CBF when hungry versus fed, whereas CW had increased CBF when hungry versus fed. Moreover, decreased CBF when hungry in the left insula was associated with greater hunger ratings on the fasted day for RAN. This represents the first study to show that women remitted from AN have aberrant resting neurovascular function in homeostatic neural circuitry in response to hunger. Regions involved in homeostatic regulation showed group differences in the Hungry − Fed contrast, suggesting altered cellular energy metabolism in this circuitry that may reduce motivation to eat.

Comparison of Women's Consciousness of play and travel experiences on Hwajenga and Women's Travel Gasa

Comparison of Women's Consciousness of play and travel experiences on Hwajenga and Women's Travel Gasa

Comparison of Women with Risk-free and High-Risk Pregnancy and Family Resilience

Comparison of Women with Risk-free and High-Risk Pregnancy and Family Resilience

Vocal Symptoms and Acoustic Findings in Menopausal Women in Comparison to Pre-menopause Women with Body Mass Index as a Confounding Variable.

ObjectivesTo compare the prevalence of phonatory symptoms in menopausal women compared to pre-menopause women with body mass index (BMI) as a confounding variable.MethodsA total of 69 women, 34 menopausal and 35 pre-menopausal were invited to participate in this study. Demographic variables included age, smoking, and BMI. All subjects were asked about the presence hoarseness, loss of high or low frequencies, pitch breaks, throat clearing, dryness in the throat and vocal fatigue. Acoustic analysis was performed and the Voice Handicap Index (VHI)-10 was filled by all the subjects.ResultsThere was a significantly higher prevalence of throat clearing and dryness in the menopausal group compared to the pre-menopause group with a P value of 0.035 and 0.032 respectively. When BMI was taken into account, there was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of any of the phonatory symptoms in menopausal women with high BMI and pre-menopause. There was no statistically significant difference in the means of any of the acoustic parameters between the menopausal group and pre-menopausal group. There was no significant difference in the mean VHI-10 between the menopause group and the pre-menopause (P = 0.652).ConclusionsThe results of this investigation substantiate the importance of fat as an alternative source of estrogen which can mask some of the phonatory symptoms.

The Productivity Comparison of Women's Coats Sewing Process - Focused on Line - worker Team &amp; Time - worker Team -

The Productivity Comparison of Women's Coats Sewing Process - Focused on Line - worker Team &amp; Time - worker Team -

Comparison Of Women’s Situation In The Labour Market In The Former GDR And Poland

Twenty-five years have passed since the fall of the Berlin Wall and the beginning of transition in the former socialist countries. The aim of this research is to find out how women in East Germany and Poland, which followed completely different transformation patterns, have been affected by the introduction of market reforms. As a result of the investigation we found that the situation of women in both countries has been changed after the collapse of the communist system in Europe. However, women in former German Democratic Republic, following a significant decrease in their participation in the labour market in the early transition period, went on to become even more active than their counterparts in the Western lands. At the same time, in Poland the economic activity rate of women is lower than was observed before the transformation.

Comparison of Women&apos;s Constipation Severity and Quality of Life by Laxative Use

Comparison of Women&apos;s Constipation Severity and Quality of Life by Laxative Use

A Comparison of Women's Collegiate and Girls' High School Volleyball Injury Data Collected Prospectively Over a 4-Year Period.

Background:There is a relative paucity of research examining the sport-specific injury epidemiology of high school and collegiate volleyball athletes. Moreover, differences in study methodology frequently limit our ability to compare and contrast injury data collected from selected populations.Hypothesis:There are differences between the injury patterns characteristic of high school and collegiate female volleyball athletes.Study Design:Retrospective clinical review.Level of Evidence:Level 3.Methods:We statistically analyzed injury incidence and outcome data collected over a 4-year interval (2005-2006 to 2008-2009) by 2 similar injury surveillance systems, the National Collegiate Athletic Association’s Injury Surveillance System (NCAA ISS) and the High School Reporting Injuries Online (HS RIO). We compared diagnoses, anatomic distribution of injuries, mechanisms of injury, and time lost from training or competition between high school and collegiate volleyball athletes.Results:The overall volleyball-related injury rate was significantly greater among collegiate athletes than among high school athletes during both competition (injury rate ratio, 2.9; 95% CI, 2.5-3.4) and practice (injury rate ratio, 3.5; 95% CI, 3.1-3.9). Collegiate athletes had a higher rate of ankle sprain, knee injury, and shoulder injury. Concussions represented a relatively high percentage of injuries in both populations (5.0% of total NCAA ISS injuries vs 4.8% of total HS RIO injuries, respectively).Conclusion:The data suggest that although similar, there were distinct differences between the injury patterns of the 2 populations. Compared with high school volleyball players, collegiate athletes have a higher rate of acute time loss injury as well as overuse time loss injury (particularly patellar tendinosis). Concussions represented a significant and worrisome component of the injury pattern for both study populations.Clinical Relevance:The injury data suggest that important differences exist in the injury patterns of female high school compared with collegiate volleyball athletes. Consideration of the specific injury patterns may be helpful in future prevention efforts.

The Comparison of Women's Self Confidence in Base of Gender Role

This research is conducted to compare women's self-confidence according to their sex role and investigate whether women of Androgyny sex role have the highest level of self-confidence among the others. It is inevitable that a society needs contribution from both women and men on the pathway to development where men and women nowadays try to re-establish new meanings for traditional gender stereotypes and question their perceptions towards gender based behavior. Sandra Bem introduced the concept of Androgyny in order to overcome cultural stereotypes of men and women. In this research, a random sample of 350 working women from the total number of 494,315 working women in Tehran has been selected to make an assessment of their level of self-confidence using Sandra Bem Sex-Role Inventory and Bernreuter's Multi-Scale Personality questionnaires. All subjects have been selected randomly from different geographical locations in Tehran and different occupational categories with ages between 18 – 65 years old. The research data have been analyzed using statistical data analysis of variance, Pearson correlation, regression, and stepwise multivariate linear regression analysis. ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multivariate linear regression analysis showed that women's self-confidence could differ as a result of their gender roles. In other words, gender roles may be used as a predictor of women's self-confidence. The analysis of the gathered data showed that 30% of the subjects were of Androgyny, 26.9% of non-distinct, and 22% of subjects were of female sexual role while 21% had male sexual role. Hence, the research revealed that the women of Androgyny Sex-Role do not have the highest level of self-confidence among the others. In fact, the level of self-confidence in Androgyny women was lower than those with female sexual role and non-distinct, and only higher than those who had male sexual role.

Compare the quality of life in fertile and infertile women attending public

Background and aim: Infertile women experience many problems in their life. Evaluation the quality of lifein infertile makes the healthcare provider aware of their needs for providing quality care. The aim of presentstudy was to compare the quality of life in fertile and infertile women attending public and private centers IIlam,Iran.Methods and material : In a cross - sectional study , quality of life of a group of infertile and fertilewomen attending to public and private health care centers of Ilam in 2013 was compared. Simple randomsampling method was used. Inclusion criteria consisted of: being married, age between 15-49 years , nonpregnantand non-lactating. Postmenopausal women with known physical and mental illness, or a history ofthem were excluded. Data were collected by the quality of life questionnaires SF-36 and demographicquestionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, chi-square test and t-test.Results: 450 women participated in the present study . Mean age in women of fertile group was 32.17± 3.09years and in infertile women 35.93± 8.07, respectively. The mean scores for physical functioning, rolelimitations due to physical problems, general health, vitality, social functioning, role limitations due toemotional problems and mental health were significantly different in fertile and infertile women. But thephysical pain scores were not significantly different in fertile and infertile women.Conclusion: The physical and mental dimensions of quality of life scores was lower in infertile women incomparison to fertile women group . Therefore it is important to provide support and education to improvequality of life in infertile women.Key words: Infertility, quality of life, SF-36

The Role of Serum Testosterone in Early Pregnancy Outcome: A Comparison in Women With and Without Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

ObjectiveHyperandrogenic conditions in women are associated with increased rates of miscarriage. However, the specific role of maternal testosterone in early pregnancy and its association with pregnancy outcome is unknown. The purpose of this study was to compare serum testosterone levels during early pregnancy in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) who either had successful pregnancies or miscarried. MethodWe collected serum samples from women attending a university-based fertility centre at the time of their first positive serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin pregnancy test. The samples were subsequently assayed for total testosterone level. We used logistical regression modelling to control for PCOS diagnosis, BMI, and age. ResultsTotal testosterone levels were available for 346 pregnancies, including 286 successful pregnancies and 78 first trimester miscarriages. We found no difference in total testosterone levels between women who subsequently had an ongoing pregnancy (mean concentration 3.6±2.6nmol/L) and women with a miscarriage (mean 3.6±2.4nmol/L). Using the Rotterdam criteria to identify women with PCOS, we also found no differences in serum testosterone between women who had ongoing pregnancies or miscarriages, either with PCOS (P=0.176) or without PCOS (P=0.561). ConclusionsOur findings show that early pregnancy testosterone levels do not predict pregnancy outcome, and they call into question the role of testosterone in causing miscarriage in populations of women with PCOS. Further research is needed to elucidate the normal progression of testosterone levels during pregnancy and to investigate further the relationship between PCOS and miscarriage.

What's So Special about STEM? A Comparison of Women's Retention in STEM and Professional Occupations.

We follow female college graduates in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 and compare the trajectories of women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM)-related occupations to other professional occupations. Results show that women in STEM occupations are significantly more likely to leave their occupational field than professional women, especially early in their career, while few women in either group leave jobs to exit the labor force. Family factors cannot account for the differential loss of STEM workers compared to other professional workers. Few differences in job characteristics emerge either, so these cannot account for the disproportionate loss of STEM workers. What does emerge is that investments and job rewards that generally stimulate field commitment, such as advanced training and high job satisfaction, fail to build commitment among women in STEM.

A Comparison of Women in Lesbian and Heterosexual Dual-Income Couples: Communication and Conflict

A Comparison of Women in Lesbian and Heterosexual Dual-Income Couples: Communication and Conflict

Trade Union Members’ Participation at Branch and Regional Levels: A Comparison of Women and Men in UNISON

Based on a questionnaire survey of members of the UK public sector trade union UNISON, this article examines factors that influence the ability and willingness of trade union members to take on unpaid roles at the level of the branch and region. The article compares the experiences and views of men and women in relation to potential barriers to union participation. Participation at both branch and regional levels is found to be associated with collective orientations and the extent to which members feel encouraged by UNISON to become active within the union. The findings point to the importance of union efforts to encourage members to take on lay representative roles and participate in union governance.

Intimate Partner Violence and Domestic Violence Myths: A Comparison of Women With and Without Alcoholic Husbands (A Study from India)

The alcoholism literature is replete with evidence documenting its adverse consequences for the family system in general and the interpersonal relationships of spouses in particular. An ex-post facto crossectional design was used to compare 150 women from India having alcoholic husbands with an equal number of women without alcoholic spouses. The two groups matched on key socio-demographic variables, were administered the Domestic Violence Myths Acceptance Scale (DVMAS, Peters, 2008) and the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS, Straus et al., 1996), to examine myths relating to domestic violence and the conflict tactics used by them. Higher levels of conflict were seen in the wives of alcoholics and on all its sub-dimensions namely negotiation, physical assault, injury, psychological aggression and sexual coercion. Differences were also significant on the subdimensions of the DVMAS namely character blame, behavior blame, perpetrator exoneration and minimization. Analysis of variance showed that wives of alcoholics from nonconsanguineous or arranged marriages or nuclear families did not differ significantly from their counterparts in the reference group on the subject dimensions studied. Results indicate the need to address issues relating to conflict and domestic violence related myths as part of therapeutic interventions with wives of alcoholics.

Representations of Autism in US Magazines for Women in Comparison to the General Audience

This paper investigates the portrayal of autism in magazines directed toward two different audiences in English-speaking North America. It compares answers to three questions: What is autism? What is said to cause it? What can and should be done about it? in articles in magazines whose audience is primarily female with magazines for general interest (male and female) audiences. The findings suggest that autism is framed in contrasting ways in the two different types of magazines. In the general interest magazines, autism is encapsulated in stereotypical discourses valuing science, numbers, genetic and other biological research, and objectivity. In the magazines for women, autism is described as a tragedy, usually identified first by heartbroken mothers who then go on to “move heaven and earth” to fight for their child and “normality”. Neither magazine focuses on the perspective of the person diagnosed with autism nor reflects the debates about whether or not ASD is necessarily a problem or just a difference.

Nutrient Intakes of Pregnant Women in Comparison to the Reference Intake

Nutrient Intakes of Pregnant Women in Comparison to the Reference Intake

The Role of Race and Birth Place in Welfare Usage among Comparable Women: Evidence from the U.S.

There is evidence that women are more likely to live in poverty than men. Given the fact that the poor are more likely to use welfare, it becomes useful to consider welfare usage among women. A-priori welfare programs are set up in such a way that welfare usage should be based primarily on economic needs and health concerns. However, it is possible that an individual's experiences could affect their perception and inclination for using government assistance. In this scenario, differences in welfare usage will exist for individuals with similar characteristics but different experiences. We explore this possibility among women and investigate if race/ethnicity and birthplace still have a role to play in the decision to use welfare even after controlling for income, health and other demographic factors like employment and household size, which are typical predictors of welfare usage. We find that race does not matter for welfare usage among comparable women. In addition, we do not find significant differences in welfare usage among women based on birthplace—suggesting that comparable naturalized and native born women share similar inclination for welfare.

Comparison of Women With Confirmed Versus Presumably Misdiagnosed Bipolar Disorder

Because bipolar disorder can be difficult to diagnose, we compared characteristics of women with confirmed versus presumably misdiagnosed bipolar disorder. This cohort study was conducted from July 2005 to January 2010 in the outpatient clinic of the Emory Women's Mental Health Program, Atlanta, Georgia. Young adult women (mean age = 32 years) who were either pregnant or planning to conceive and who reported having previous clinical diagnoses of bipolar disorder completed 2 independent diagnostic assessments: the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID) and an evaluation by a perinatal mood-disorder expert who was masked to the SCID findings. We compared clinical characteristics of women with confirmed versus presumably misdiagnosed bipolar disorder by bivariate testing followed by multivariate logistic regression modeling. Of 199 participants, 141 (70.9%) had confirmed DSM-IV bipolar disorder on the basis of concordant assessments, 23 (11.6%) were considered misdiagnosed, and 35 (17.6%) who had discordant diagnostic assessments were excluded from further analysis. Multivariate modeling indicated that confirmed bipolar disorder was associated with a history of antidepressant-associated mania/hypomania (OR = 13.30; 95% CI, 3.32-53.20; P = .0003), psychotic symptoms (OR = 12.40; 95% CI, 2.14-71.10; P = .005), and sustained euthymia during mood-stabilizer treatment (OR = 4.53; 95% CI, 1.32-15.60; P = .02); presumably misdiagnosed bipolar disorder was associated with childhood physical abuse (OR = 8.73; 95% CI, 2.33-32.70; P = .001) and comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder (OR = 7.26; 95% CI, 1.86-28.30; P = .004). Several clinical factors found to distinguish women with confirmed versus presumably misdiagnosed bipolar disorder may help to refine clinical diagnosis.