Comparative Study Of Performance Research Articles

Comparative study of broiler chicken performance in closed house and conventional system in North Sumatera

The influence of a comfortable environment provides good performance results on the quality of chicken meat for sustainability to improve the health quality of broiler chickens. This research was conducted from July 2021 to September 2021 in Deli Serdang, Serdang Bedagai and Simalungun districts. This research aims to look at the effects of maintaining closed house and conventional systems. The parameters observed are temperature, humidity, FCR, depletion, Performance Index. As primary data was conducted direct observation to the cage closed house JS population 30,000 tails and conventional cage RS population 4500 tails and interviewed as many as 104 samples (31 respondents closed house, 73 respondents conventional)with the sample method intentionally (purposive sample) and uses the formula Slovin. The appropriate temperature and humidity influence will result in a good performance of broiler chickens. Temperature and humidity detection using the HTC-2 thermohydrometer tool. Data processing results with statistical tests describe FCR results at closed house 1,516 and conventional 1,554; depletion closed house 3% and conventional 4.14% and IP on closed house389 and conventional 358. Display of t-test calculation results on FCR P (sig)<0.05; depletion P(sig)<0.05 and IP P(sig)<0.05 (real difference).

Reduction of the core size and power losses by using soft magnetic material for a single-phase induction motor

Induction motors are widely used in our daily life and industrial machines. Single-phase induction motors with small power, manufactured with few horsepowers (HP), are preferred as compressor motors for household refrigerators and air conditioners. This inevitably leads to the lower energy consumption of compressor systems and requirements for a more compact design. In this study, a single-phase induction motor manufactured with classical core material for a certain power value is modeled using finite element analysis (FEA) software and the power losses are investigated. Later, this electric motor is designed with 6.5% SiFe jfe super core material, one of the soft magnetic core materials, for the same power value and comparative performance studies are performed. In these comparisons, mechanical volume and weight for the motor dimensions, electrical power losses and electromagnetic parameters are studied. It is therefore recommended that the jfe super core material, which has become popular in recent years, be used for the manufacture of single-phase induction motors, which are often used in household appliances.

Comparative Study of Rudder Performance of Single Plate and Fishtail of SPOB Ship Using CFD Method

Rudder is the most important hydrodynamic control surface on a ship to control horizontal movement. An important function of the rudder is to develop a force concerning orientation and motion relative to the water. The widely used type is the conventional type. However, the other types of rudders, other than the conventional type, are the single plate and fishtail types. This study aims to analyze the difference in performance between the single plate rudder on the Adeline 01 spob (self propeller oil barge) ship and the fishtail rudder on the value of lift force and drag force as well as find out the comparison of the two Rudders on the maneuvering force of the Adeline 01 spob ship. The method used was the Clark equation with the help of a CFD-based application to determine the performance of the ship lifts force and drag force by varying the turning angle by 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, and 30°. The results obtained from this study was the Fishtail has better maneuverability at 5° and 10° angle variations with lift coefficient values ​​of 0.0398 and 0.0522, and with Steady Turning Diameter (STD) values ​​of 1882.9 m and 717.83 m. On another hand, the Single Plate rudder has better maneuverability at angle variations of 15° and 20° with lift coefficient values ​​of 688.30 m and 330.77 m, and with STD values ​​of 688.30 m and 330.77 m. At the angle variations of 25° and 30°, Rudder Fishtail has better maneuverability with lift coefficient values ​​of 0.7712 and 0.9993, and with Steady Turning Diameter (STD) values ​​of 53.40 m and 35.92 m

Comparative study of Pd@Pt nanozyme improved colorimetric N-ELISA for the paper-output portable detection of Staphylococcus aureus

Staphylococcus aureus is a frequent pathogenic bacterium that has a significant detrimental influence on the health of the human body. Therefore, developing a practical and portable detection platform is critical to ensuring food safety. Nanozymes are a kind of engineered nanomaterials with superior enzyme-like activities, providing infinite possibilities for the development of highly sensitive analytical assays. In this study, mesoporous core−shell palladium@platinum (Pd@Pt) nanozymes were synthesized and then applied as a signal amplifier in Staphylococcus aureus colorimetric immunoassay. At the same time, a careful comparative study of the catalytic performance with natural horseradish peroxidase (HRP), Pd@Pt nanozymes and their complexes Pd@Pt-HRP (HRP coupling with Pd@Pt nanozymes) were firstly performed, as well as clever using a colorimeter to achieve portable signal output. Pd@Pt-HRP bioprobes enable remarkable peroxidase-like catalytic activity, resulting in the highest sensitivity with a limit of detection (LOD) improved from 1 × 105 to 1 × 103 CFU/mL. In all, this work conducted a valuable comparative study and presented an improved strategy for the portable detection of pathogenic bacteria, which was expected to be used in a wide range of applications in food safety regulation and biomedicals arenas.

Comparative study of three-way catalytic performance over Pd/CeO2-ZrO2-Al2O3 and Pd/La-Al2O3 catalysts: New insights into microstructure and thermal stability

Series of Pd/CeO2-ZrO2-Al2O3 (Pd/CZA) with different pore structures and lanthanum modified Pd/La-Al2O3 (Pd/La-A) were prepared via coprecipitation or hydrothermal method. The obtained catalysts were subjected to TWC activity evaluation, thermal stability tests as well as systematic characterizations including TEM, BET, Rietveld XRD, XPS, H2-TPR, O2-TPSR, and in situ DRIFTS. Results show that the TWC catalytic performance of Pd/Al2O3 catalyst can be obviously improved by CeO2-ZrO2 modification compared to La2O3 modification, due to the strong interaction between PdOx species and CeO2-ZrO2 support. The excellent thermal stability of Pd/CZA-2 catalyst is related to its different microstructure compared to Pd/CZA-1, because the abundant dissociated Zr4+ due to phase separation in Pd/CZA-2 could hinder the θ-Al2O3 to α-Al2O3 phase transition and retain small-sized PdOx species with excellent reoxidation ability. Besides, DRIFTS studies reveal clear structure-activity correlations between the adsorbed reaction intermediates and TWC catalytic performance, i.e. The formation of NO-Pd0 species on fresh Pd/CZA-1 is beneficial for NO conversion, while the rapid adsorption/decomposition of HC and carbonate species on Pd/CZA also contributes to better HC/CO oxidation. Nevertheless, the active sites poisoning by HC strong adsorption along with temperature-stable nitrate species on Pd/La-A cost its inferior catalytic behaviour regardless of thermal ageing.

A comparative study of demarcation line diagnostic performance between non-magnifying observation with white light and non-magnifying observation with narrow-band light for early gastric cancer.

With the improvement in endoscopic equipment functions, narrow-band imaging (NBI) for endoscopic observation of the stomach, which is an organ with a large lumen, is now feasible. Studies evaluating the NBI utility without magnifying endoscopy to diagnose the invasion extent for the demarcation line identification in early gastric cancer have not been reported. This study aimed to investigate the demarcation line diagnostic performance of NBI in early gastric cancer compared to that of white-light imaging (WLI) using prospectively collected consecutive specimens from early gastric cancer patients. Thirty consecutive lesions were collected from patients who underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer. Next, 30 NBI and 30 WLI images, each with the same degree of gastric wall extension, angle, and layout for one lesion, were selected, and a total of 60 images were prepared for testing. The early gastric cancer invasion ranges in the endoscopic images was plotted using the web-developed software, and 264 independent endoscopists, unaware of the diagnosis, performed the web tests, with the concordance rates between the ranges of responses. After estimating the actual early gastric cancer invasion ranges, the NBI and WLI results were compared. The concordance rates for NBI and WLI images were 43.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] 42.5-43.7%) and 37.2% (95% CI 36.6-37.7%), respectively, showing that the concordance rate for NBI was significantly higher than that for WLI. This study suggested that NBI was more useful for identifying demarcation lines than WLI.

A comparative numerical study of shell and multi-tube heat exchanger performance with different baffles configurations

This study presents a numerical modeling of a shell and tube heat exchanger to analyze six various baffle configurations for increasing the thermal parameters performance and hydraulic parameters performance. The baffle configurations include conventional single segmental (CSS), staggered single segmental (SSS), Flower segmental (FS), hybrid segmental (HS), circular ring baffle (CR), and circular ring with holes (CRH) baffles. Flow of water field characteristics, pressure loss, and heat transfer performance, including effectiveness (ε) and the heat transfer coefficient (h) are studied with a variation of Reloads numbers from 10500 to 38500 to analyze the best performance. The effectiveness and the heat transfer coefficient increase with increasing the Reynolds numbers. The HS configuration results are the largest shell side pressure loss while HS and CR thermal influence on heat exchanger performance augmentation is found to be more significant compared to other configurations for all test cases. Compared to the CSS and SSS baffle configurations, the dead spaces and the recirculation zones are disappearing in both FS and HS configurations where the RCH is superior in overcoming the dead zones completely. The maximum values of the effectiveness and heat transfer coefficient of STHX are achieved in the case of CRH type with enhancement about 166% and 142% respectively, compared to CSS baffle. The CRH accomplished less friction losses than hybrid and ring baffles where the shell side pressure drop for HS was the highest value. The heat transfer coefficients per pressure loss of the RCH are about 138% higher than that of other configurations.

Comparative performance of jet and spray impingement cooling in steel strip run-out table: experimental results

ABSTRACT This paper presents a comparative performance study of cooling techniques based on air-assisted water spray and jet impingement for heated moving metallic plates. To achieve the heat transfer characteristics of spray and jet cooling methods, an experimental setup was developed to accommodate the spray (SIC) and jet impingement cooling (JIC). The temperature at different locations of the plate was taken by K-type thermocouples embedded therein and attached to CHINO-make data acquisition system. The cooling curves obtained were utilised for computing the cooling rates. Experiments were conducted by varying the parameters, e.g. pressure of air and water, distance between plate and nozzle tip and speed of plate as per Taguchi design of experiments. The results revealed that SIC has great advantage over the JIC method under the same thermal conditions. There was a fall of cooling rate with increase in plate thickness for both SIC and JIC. The requirement of shorter length of run-out table (ROT) in case of SIC has established the cost effectiveness of using SIC compared to JIC. The cooling process played a critical role in steel manufacturing industry where the determined cooling rates evaluated the setup costs during planning phase of the project.

Comparative study of energy consumption, kinetic, and performance between conventional and baffled photocatalytic reactor (BPCR) to ofloxacin photo-degradation.

Regarding the cost-effective photo-degradation of ofloxacin (OFL), present study investigates UV/sulfite /ZnO (USZ) in reactor conventional (without baffles) and baffled photocatalytic reactor (BPCR). The optimal condition was 0.77:2:50 sulfite/ZnO/OFL molar ratio, pH 7, and 30 min reaction time for 100% degradation of 200 mg L-1 concentration of OFL. As information obtained, the UZI process reduces the BOD and COD level about 66% to 86.29% within 80 min reaction, respectively. Also, BOD/COD ratio initial from 0.26 reaches 0.6 after 30 min of reaction time. Kinetic investigation increasing OFL concentration, kobs and robs increase, and, secondly, in the conventional and BPCR reactor, kobs increase is about 17% and 50% with increasing OFL concentration from 50 to 200 mgL-1. Also, figure-of-merit EEo varies from 12.66 to 17.41 and 7.26 to 10.15 kWhm3 for conventional reactor and 8.66-13.61 to 5.24-8.12 kWhm3, respectively. Also, kinetic model EEo declines from 15.23 to 8.61 and from 13.31 to 5.37 kWh m-3 in conventional and BPCR, respectively. Total cost of the system (TCS) decreases from 7.31 to 2.16 $ in conventional reactor and 4.57 to 0.55 $ in PCBR reactor. Total cost of the system (TCS) was investigated at different concentrations.

VERIFICATION OF DISTRICT-LEVEL WEATHER FORECAST OF KOLKATA AND ITS SUBURBS DURING MONSOON ‘2019 &amp; 2020 FOR COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE PERFORMANCE OF MODEL BETWEEN PRE COVID NON-LOCKDOWN AND COVID LOCKDOWN PERIOD

India Meteorological Department has started issuing district-level weather forecasts for up to 5 days on an operational basis from 1st June 2008. The weather parameters related to agro, namely rainfall, maximum and minimum temperature, wind speed, and direction, relative humidity, and cloudiness were chosen for outputs from the model. The rainfall forecast is generated based on multi-model ensemble techniques ( MME ) and ECMWF forecasts ( presently IMDGFS) are used for forecasting other parameters. These forecast generated for the districts of West Bengal by the model is further moderated by State Agro Met. Centre, Kolkata, and forwarded to six Agro Met. Field Units ( created by six agro-climatic zones in West Bengal ) and seven District Agro Met. Unit ( DAMU ) for preparation of weather-based District as well as Block level Agromet advisory bulletin which benefits the farmers in their crop production. Thus forecast verification of the model as well as moderated value for the monsoon season of 2019 and 2020 has been done to make a comparative study of the model performance concerning Kolkata and its suburbs based on Probability of Detection, False alarm, Heidke Skill score, Missing rate, Critical Success Index, True Skill Score, Hanssen, and Kuipers Index, etc. The monsoon rainfall of 2019 and 2020 was chosen to study the performance of the model concerning the pre-covid non-lockdown and covid lockdown period so that the effect of pollutants on the performance of the model can be analyzed. The verification results show that the model forecast, as well as a moderated forecast of this region, has to be more refined by taking inputs of other parameters and index that has been computed by different recent research works on this region because this region is under the influence of tropical climate. Moreover, the comparative study between monsoon 2019 and monsoon 2020 reveals that there have been changes in the performance of the model.

Towards Investigation of Various Load Balancing Techniques in Cloud Computing

Cloud computing is an on-demand service where customers may access any time common IT resources, information, software and other equipment. It is a web-based development that offers virtual resources over the Internet as a service. The higher the cloud use, the higher the charge. The allocation of loads to components processing is a challenging phenomenon.In a multi-node system, there is a very good possibility that some nodes will be idle while others will be overloaded. The load balancing algorithms' objective is to keep the load on each processing element constant. A technique for Random Load Balancing in Cloud Computing is devised, in which the amount of user requests is instantly assigned to the resources. This method employs a random strategy to decrease the request's waiting time. This proposed load balancing technique is simulated in Cloud Analyst tool. The performance comparison study between proposed random method and other available load balancing methods is conducted. It is found that the performance of proposed random method is better in terms of response time.Keywords: Cloud Computing, Load Balancing, Response Time, Virtual Machine, Sorting

APOLLO: An accurate and independently validated prediction model of lower-grade gliomas overall survival and a comparative study of model performance.

SummaryBackgroundVirtually few accurate and robust prediction models of lower-grade gliomas (LGG) survival exist that may aid physicians in making clinical decisions. We aimed to develop a prognostic prediction model of LGG by incorporating demographic, clinical and transcriptional biomarkers with either main effects or gene-gene interactions.MethodsBased on gene expression profiles of 1,420 LGG patients from six independent cohorts comprising both European and Asian populations, we proposed a 3-D analysis strategy to develop and validate an Accurate Prediction mOdel of Lower-grade gLiomas Overall survival (APOLLO). We further conducted decision curve analysis to assess the net benefit (NB) of identifying true positives and the net reduction (NR) of unnecessary interventions. Finally, we compared the performance of APOLLO and the existing prediction models by the first systematic review.FindingsAPOLLO possessed an excellent discriminative ability to identify patients at high mortality risk. Compared to those with less than the 20th percentile of APOLLO risk score, patients with more than the 90th percentile of APOLLO risk score had significantly worse overall survival (HR=54·18, 95% CI: 34·73-84·52, P=2·66 × 10−69). Further, APOLLO can accurately predict both 36- and 60-month survival in six independent cohorts with a pooled AUC36-month=0·901 (95% CI: 0·879-0·923), AUC60-month=0·843 (95% CI: 0·815-0·871) and C-index=0·818 (95% CI: 0·800-0·835). Moreover, APOLLO offered an effective screening strategy for detecting LGG patients susceptible to death (NB36-month=0·166, NR36-month=40·1% and NB60-month=0·258, NR60-month=19·2%). The systematic comparisons revealed APOLLO outperformed the existing models in accuracy and robustness.InterpretationAPOLLO has the demonstrated feasibility and utility of predicting LGG survival (http://bigdata.njmu.edu.cn/APOLLO).FundingNational Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFE0204900); Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20191354); National Natural Science Foundation of China (81973142 and 82103946); China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2020M681671); National Institutes of Health (CA209414, CA249096, CA092824 and ES000002).

Comparative Study of the Electrochemical Performance of Different Separators in Aprotic Li–O2 Batteries

Comparative Study of the Electrochemical Performance of Different Separators in Aprotic Li–O₂ Batteries

Model-based assessment of shallow landslides susceptibility at a petrochemical site in Brazil

The Serra do Mar mountain range is the main site of shallow-landslides occurrence in Brazil. The application of physically-based models is an effective method to predict landslide susceptibility, which is of great importance in hazard assessments and urban-planning studies. Thus, the objective of this study is to compare landslide susceptibility scenarios created with SHALSTAB and SINMAP at two large watersheds (Mogi and Perequê) in Cubatão, Latin America’s largest petrochemical site. Model calibration is based on the landslide scars inventory of the 1985 event, the geotechnical parameters derived from soil samples and the topography sourced from a 5 m resolution DEM. Using the Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis to assess model performance, SHALSTAB emerges as the best-fit model for both watersheds due to higher concentration of landslide scars in unstable areas (true positive results) and higher global accuracy. Even though SINMAP had similar degree of success, it was slightly less accurate and failed more often in the identification of potentially unstable areas. Comparative performance studies of physically-based models are fundamental to support effective and reliable hazard assessments in mountain regions, providing an outlook in how to proceed with more detailed studies.

Comparative Study of Nutritional Status and Academic Performance in Schools with and without School Canteens in South-west Benin

Comparative Study of Nutritional Status and Academic Performance in Schools with and without School Canteens in South-west Benin

Progress in Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells: Architecture, Efficiency and Stability

In recent years, it has been established that solar cells based on organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite materials have substantial potential for the development of highly efficient photovoltaic devices and offers robust opportunities for research to the scientific community and industry. Power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have already surpassed 24.8 % within a decade, which is now third highest efficiency among single-junction photovoltaic materials. This report briefly introduces hybrid-halide perovskite materials, their structural properties, various possible device architectures and a comparative study of photo-voltaic performance. For commercialization, high stability of devices is must and here we have thoroughly discussed possible degradation mechanisms of PSCs, that is, moisture; oxygen; heat; structural stability; UV-light effect; defect-states, ion-migration and various approaches to passivity based upon recent reports. A proper encapsulation with optimized chemical composition (enhanced interaction between organic/inorganic cation and BX6 octahedron) PSCs could possess superior stability for long-run while maintaining optoelectronic properties.

Comparison between a quantum annealer and a classical approximation algorithm for computing the ground state of an Ising spin glass.

Finding the ground state of an Ising spin glass on general graphs belongs to the class of NP-hard problems, widely believed to have no efficient polynomial-time algorithms to solve them. An approach developed in computer science for dealing with such problems is to devise approximation algorithms; these are algorithms, whose run time scales polynomially with the input size, that provide solutions with provable guarantees on their quality in terms of the optimal unknown solution. Recently, several algorithms for the Ising spin-glass problem on a bounded degree graph that provide different approximation guarantees were introduced. D-Wave, a Canadian-based company, has constructed a physical realization of a quantum annealer and has enabled researchers and practitioners to access it via their cloud service. D-Wave is particularly suited for computing an approximation for the ground state of an Ising spin glass on its Chimera and Pegasus graphs-both with a bounded degree. To assess the quality of D-Wave's solution, it is natural to compare it to classical approximation algorithms specifically designed to solve the same problem. In this work, we compare the performance of a recently developed approximation algorithm to solve the Ising spin-glass problem on graphs of bounded degree against the performance of the D-Wave computer. We also compared the performance of D-Wave's computer in the Chimera architecture against the performance of a heuristic tailored specifically to handle the Chimera graph. We found that the D-Wave computer was able to find better approximations for all the random instances of the problem we studied-Gaussian weights, uniform weights, and discrete binary weights. Furthermore, the convergence times of D-Wave's computer were also significantly better. These results indicate the merit of D-Wave's computer under certain specific instances. More broadly, our method is relevant to a wider class of performance comparison studies, and we suggest that it is important to compare the performance of quantum computers not only against exact classical algorithms with exponential run-time scaling, but also against approximation algorithms with polynomial run-time scaling and a provable guarantee of performance.

A comparative performance study of random‐grid model for hyperparameters selection in detection of abnormalities in digital breast images

AbstractDeep learning models have been widely reported to have achieved significant performance in image processing and classification tasks. They have mainly been harnessed and applied to the problem of detecting abnormalities in digital breast images. However, the significant number and high dimensional space requirement of hyperparameters in deep learning models often make it challenging to find the best configuration for such parameters when tuning for best performance. In appropriately handling this performance tuning often lead to difficulty in striking balance between underfitting and overfitting. This article proposes an optimized convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture through application of hybrid selection model in obtaining best hyperparameter configuration which outperforms similar existing models. We approached this non‐trivial challenge by defining a hybrid of the grid‐based and random‐based model for the selection of hyperparameters and then investigate the performance of the configurations. To further improve the performance of the CNN model, data augmentation technique was applied. Furthermore, the study undertook a comparative study of the performance of the best configuration on some benchmarked datasets. The resulting model was applied to publicly available benchmark datasets, namely, the DDSM and MIAS datasets. Findings from the experimentations revealed that hyperparameters with Adam optimization algorithm showed superiority by yielding an accuracy of 1.0 using DDSM dataset, while SGD, RMSprop, Adam, and Adagrad output an accuracy of 0.9375 with MIAS dataset. The outcome of this study further strengthens the appropriateness of Adam optimizer and has also produced a state‐of‐the‐art CNN model suitable for solving the problem of detection and classification of breast cancer from digital mammography.

Electrolyte circulation effects in electrochemical performance for different flow fields of all‐vanadium redox flow battery

AbstractA comparative study of electrochemical performance and hydrodynamic effects on a single cell for all vanadium redox flow batteries has been investigated in the present study. Electrochemical performance of a cell has been conducted with an active area of 414 cm2fitted with serpentine, interdigitated, and enhanced cross‐flow split serpentine (ECFSS) flow fields. The effects of electrolyte circulation rates on the electrochemical performance have been investigated for each flow field, and stable energy efficiency was achieved in 20 charge/discharge cycles for all three flow fields. Higher coulombic, voltage, and energy efficiencies in the serpentine flow field were achieved to be 96%, 82%, and 79%, respectively. The maximum peak power density values for the serpentine, ECFSS, and interdigitated flow field were found to be 158.2, 152.5, and 136.8 mW·cm−2, respectively, at a flow rate of 345 mL·min−1. Furthermore, detailed flow analysis was simulated by using computational fluid dynamics, and these studies postulated the reasons for the higher performance of the serpentine flow field compared to other flow fields.

A comparative performance study of spark on kubernetes

A comparative performance study of spark on kubernetes