Comparative Study Of Antioxidant Activity Research Articles

Bio-based fabrication of palladium nanoparticles by using Aegle marmelos leaf extract for biomedical applications: Cytotoxicity, cell imaging studies in HeLa cells and antioxidant activity

This paper presents the outcome of medicinal plant-derived synthesis of nanomaterial. The results in the present study provide a simple, novel, sustainable, and economically noble process for the synthesis of palladium nanoparticles using leaf extract Aegle marmelos (A. marmelos). Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to verify the surface layer of synthesized palladium (ALE@Pd) nanoparticles (NPs) enriched with several kinds of phytochemicals. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that the synthesized NPs possess a ball shape and the average diameter was 4.31 ± 1.89 nm. The synthesized NPs possess stability confirmed by UV–visible (UV–Vis) spectrophotometry. The face-centered cubic (FCC) crystal structure of the fabricated nanoparticles was confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). Fabricated ALE@Pd NPs are subjected to further testing for their cytotoxicity in HeLa cell lines, as well as for a comparative study of antioxidant activity between the A. marmelos leaves and prepared ALE@Pd NPs. The anti-carcinogenic activity and cell imaging in HeLa cells were tested, and the minimal inhibition concentration (MIC or IC50) has been determined and found to be around 46 µg/mL for HeLa cell lines. Fabricated palladium nanoparticles derived from A. marmelos have the potential to be employed as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective anticancer agent. Furthermore, synthesized ALE@Pd NPs possess higher antioxidant activity than A. marmelos leaves extract (ALE) due to the increased phenolic content connected to the surface of produced palladium NPs as a capping agent. The minimal inhibition concentration of synthesized ALE@Pd NPs was found to be ∼5 µg/mL.

Comparative Study of Antioxidant Activity of Dextran-Coated Iron Oxide, Gold, and Silver Nanoparticles Against Age-Induced Oxidative Stress in Erythrocytes.

Erythrocytes undergo several changes during human aging and age-related diseases and, thus, have been studied as biomarkers of the aging process. The present study aimed to explore the antioxidant ability of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) such as iron oxide (Fe3O4), gold (Au), and silver (Ag) to mitigate age-related oxidative stress in human erythrocytes. Metal and metal oxide NPs behave like antioxidative enzymes, directly influencing redox pathways and thus have better efficiency. Additionally, biopolymer coatings such as dextran enhance the biocompatibility of these NPs. Therefore, dextran-coated Fe3O4, Au, and Ag NPs were synthesized using wet chemical methods and were characterized. Their hemocompatibility and ability to protect erythrocytes from age-induced oxidative stress were investigated. The Fe3O4 and Au NPs were observed to protect erythrocytes from hydrogen peroxide and age-induced oxidative damage, including decreased antioxidant levels, reduced activity of antioxidative enzymes, and increased amounts of oxidative species. Pretreatment with NPs preserved the morphology and membrane integrity of the erythrocyte. However, Ag NPs induced oxidative stress in erythrocytes similar to hydrogen peroxide. Therefore, dextran-coated Fe3O4 and Au nanoparticles have the potential to be employed as antioxidant therapies against age-related oxidative stress.

Comparative study of antioxidant activities of Allium sativum (a novel variety, HG17) and Allium ampeloprasum (SMG): Revealing the higher potential of HG17 and analyzing its phytochemicals.

Garlic, belonging to the genus Allium, is renowned for its rich antioxidant potential. Snow Mountain garlic (SMG) (Allium ampeloprasum) has been traditionally used for medicinal purposes because of its higher antioxidant potential. Considering its potential in medical therapies, we compared the antioxidant activity of SMG with a novel variety of Allium sativum, Hisar garlic 17 (HG17). Comparative antioxidant activity data (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) revealed the higher antioxidant activity of HG17 than SMG, which prompted us to conduct a comprehensive phytochemical investigation to elucidate the factors contributing to antioxidant potential of HG17. To get a detailed antioxidant and phytoconstituents profiling, we differentially extracted HG17 by processing it in different forms (fresh, dry, heated, and aged) with two solvents (50% methanol and n-butanol). Our data (antioxidant activities, total phenolics, and flavonoids) showed that dry garlic methanolic extract (DgM) had maximum potential than other HG17 forms/solvents, which concludes that different extraction techniques had direct impact on the phenolics/flavonoids and antioxidant potential of the extracts. Further, phytochemical analysis of HG17 extracts by high resolution liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer quadrupole time of flight validated the maximum potential of DgM. LCMS revealed the presence of garcimangosone C, osmanthuside A, and protoaphin aglucone polyphenols exclusively in DgM compared to other HG17 extracts, which possibly contributing in its high antioxidant potential. The overall differential extraction and LCMS data of HG17 strongly depict that it may be used as an alternative of SMG under diverse medical applications. HG17 higher antioxidant potential and rich array of unique phytochemicals make it valuable for food and pharmaceutical industries to integrate into functional foods/therapeutics. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Garlic unique phytochemical composition and its remarkable ability to scavenge different radicals make it valuable therapeutic asset to mitigate diseases associated with oxidative stress. SMG is well known for its anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory properties. HG17 showed higher antioxidant potential than SMG and can be used as an alternative of SMG for anti-arthritic properties.

Comparative Study of Antioxidant Activity between Carnosine and Its Amino Acid Constituents

A study was conducted to compare and analyze the antioxidant mechanism of carnosine to its constituent amino acids (β-alanine and L-histidine) and to imidazole. Concentrations ranging from 5 to 100 mM of carnosine, β-alanine, L-histidine and imidazole were prepared and antioxidant activity assays (TBARS inhibition, metal chelating activity, free radical scavenging activity) were conducted. The TBARS inhibition of carnosine was due to the imidazole ring present in the histidine and with no inhibition contributed to β-alanine. Metal chelating properties of carnosine was also due to the imidazole ring and not to histidine or β-alanine, while free radical scavenging activity of carnosine was attributed to histidine and not due to imidazole or β-alanine. Overall, results demonstrate that β-alanine and the peptide bond between L- histidine and β-alanine do not play a role in the antioxidant activity of carnosine. Furthermore, results show that  imidazole has antioxidant properties alone, and therefore, it could be used as an antioxidant in various foods and feed applications.

Indices of antioxidant and osmoprotective systems in seedlings of winter wheat cultivars with different frost resistance

The functioning of the stress-protective systems of wheat under the action of cold at the early stages of plant development remains poorly studied. The aim of this work was a comparative study of antioxidant activity and the content of sugars and proline as indicators of osmoprotective activity during cold adaptation of seedlings of seven winter bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars that differ significantly in frost resistance. The 3-day-old etiolated seedlings were hardened at 2°C for 6 days and then frozen for 5 h at -6 or -9°C. Two days after freezing, the survival of seedlings was assessed by their ability to grow. A decrease in ROS content, an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes catalase and guaiacol peroxidase and accumulation of sugars in the shoots of high-frost-resistant cultivars during hardening were detected. The absolute values of catalase and guaiacol peroxidase activity correlated positively with the frost resistance of seedlings. The negative correlation between the frost tolerance of the cultivars and the accumulation of proline in the seedlings during hardening was recorded. The possibility of using the studied biochemical indices for frost resistance screening of winter wheat varieties at the seedling stage was stated. Keywords: antioxidant system, cold hardening, frost resistance, osmolytes, oxidative stress, Triticum aestivum

Phytochemical Screening and Comparative Study of Antioxidant Activity of Different Parts of Mulberry Plant

Mulberry is commonly used for silkworm rearing due to the presence of chemo-factors such as morin and sitosterol in the leaves. Mulberries are important in containing free radicals and pro- oxidants produced in the body as a result of metabolism and phagocytosis. Pharmacological uses of mulberry include phytochemical composition, antioxidant and medicinal properties. The pharmacological activity of mulberry plants can be predicted by the identification of phytochemicals. Although various modern techniques are used to determine phytochemicals, qualitative tests are still used for preliminary phytochemical screening of plants. Alkaloids, carbohydrates, proteins, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, saponins, tannins, quinones, anthraquinones, and other phytochemicals. The purpose of this research was to determine the antioxidant activity of the mulberry plant's fruits, stems, and leaves. The presence of antioxidant properties in the extract of mulberry plant was confirmed using the DPPH method.

Comparative Study of Antioxidant Activities of Selected Medicinal Plants of Shujabad Area in Multan, Pakistan

Background: In humans, especially in elderly patients, free radicals and oxidative stress are one of the main reasons behind a number of diseases/disorders, such as cardiovascular, pulmonary and neuronal in nature. Therefore, it is imperative to investigate substances/compounds that possess potent free radical scavenging activity, especially, from the indigenous flora. Methods: The present study was aimed to screen the free radical scavenging activity of ethanolic and methanolic leaf extracts of three medicinal plants: Syzygium cumini, Psidium guajava and Callicarpa dichotoma. The antioxidant activity was determined using 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl hydroxyl (DPPH) and Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging assays. Various concentrations (250, 500, 750 and 1000μg/ml) of plant extract were used to carry out the assays and Ascorbic acid was used as the standard. The free radical quenching potential was expressed in inhibition percentage (%) and concentrations were expressed in μg/ml. Optical density of DPPH and H2O2 was measured using spectrophotometer at 517 and 230 nm, respectively. Results: Results from the DPPH and H2O2 assays showed that antioxidant activities were observed to be highest in P. guajava (89 and 81% respectively) followed by S. cumini (84 and 72% respectively) and C. dichotoma (83 and 70% respectively) in the ethanolic extracts. Conclusion: It is concluded that the selected plant materials used for the study have a powerful antioxidant potential and could be used in various therapeutic and medicinal applications.

A Comparative Study of Antioxidative Activity of Saliva in Children and Young Teenagers with and without Gingivitis.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the values of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in the saliva of children and young teenagers with and without gingivitis. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 children and young teenagers of the mean age of 12.2 participated in the research. Gingival condition was assessed using the Löe and Silness Gingival Index. The subjects were divided into groups of those without gingivitis and those with gingivitis. Samples of unstimulated saliva were collected, and TAC, CAT and GPX were determined spectrophotometrically. Results: By comparing the values of TAC, CAT and GPX in subjects with and without gingivitis, significantly lower values of TAC (p < 0.001) and CAT (p < 0.001) were observed in the group of subjects with gingivitis. The correlation analysis of these values showed a positive correlation in groups of subjects not suffering from gingival inflammation and those with gingival inflammation. Conclusions: The study showed significantly lower values of TAC and CAT in the saliva of subjects with gingivitis. This indicates their possible role as a potential biomarker in the early diagnosis and expression of periodontal disease in children and young teenagers.

Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal: A comparative study of antioxidant activities and GCMS analysis of aqueous and ethanol root extracts

Withania somnifera also known as winter cherry belongs to the family Solanaceae. It is an effective immunomodulatory agent and inhibited the myelosuppression induced by diverse immunotoxins. It increases longevity and useful for promoting physical and mental health and rejuvenates the body in debilitated conditions. Ashwagandha is also useful in epilepsy, stress, and neurodegenerative diseases. The objective of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant properties and GC-MS analysis of both aqueous and ethanol root extracts of Withania somnifera. Antioxidant activities such as DPPH radical, Fe3+ reducing power, and phosphomolybdenum reduction assays were carried out for aqueous and ethanol root extracts. The maximum DPPH radical scavenging activity of aqueous root extract was 92.82% and ethanol root extract was 40.49% at 120 µg/mL concentrations. The IC50 of DPPH˙ radical scavenging activity of aqueous and ethanol root extracts was 38.35 μg/mL and 148.14 μg/mL concentration respectively. The maximum Fe3+ reduction of aqueous root extract was 82.12% and ethanol root extract was 63.86% 120 µg/mL concentration, and their RC50 values were 23.56 μg/mL and 80.36 μg/mL concentration respectively. The maximum phosphomolybdenum reduction of aqueous toot extract was 94.50% and ethanol root extract was 86.13% at 120 µg/mL concentration, and their RC50 values were 13.70 μg/mL and 38.43 μg/mL concentration respectively. The GCMS analysis of aqueous root extract of W. somnifera showed the highest RT peak at 16.55 and the ethanol root extract of W. somnifera showed the highest RT peak at 17.45, which are of the same compound, n-hexadecanoic acid.

Studi Perbandingan Aktivitas Antioksidan Xantofil dan Karoten Kapang Oncm Merah pada Berbagai Waktu Inkubasi

Research on a comparative study of antioxidant activity of xanthophyll and carotenoids from red oncom, mold in various incubation times has been studied. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of xanthophyll and carotene at various incubation times of red oncom cultured in corn cob medium. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) at variations in incubation time: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 days. The results showed that the best antioxidant activity of xanthophyll and carotene was on the second day with antioxidant activity of 82.27% and 65.80%, respectively.&#x0D; Keywords: antioxidant activity, xanthophyll, carotene, carotenoids, red oncom

Comparative study of antioxidant activity of grape (Vitis vinifera) seed powder assessed by different methods

The phenolic content and antioxidant activity of grape (Vitis vinifera) seed powder extracted by in vitro physiological procedure and chemical procedure were investigated. The antioxidant potential of the extract were assessed by employing different in vitro assays such as CUPRAC, DPPH, ABTS, OH radical scavenging capacity, and peroxidation inhibiting activity. The in vitro physiological procedure yielded a higher phenolic content and antioxidant capacity than the chemical procedure. As for digestive enzymatic extracts, phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of the dialysates of grape seed powder were lower than those of the retentates. As for solvents extracts, extraction with acetone:water (70:30) led to the maximum phenolic content and antioxidant capacity, while water gave the lowest phenolic content and antioxidant capacity. Our results suggest that the biological properties of natural antioxidants determined by in vitro physiological procedure may be more useful for nutritional purposes than the values determined in solvent extracts.

A Comparative Study of Antioxidant Activity and Total Phenolic Content of Fresh Juices of Some Common Indian Fruits with their Commercial Counterparts

A Comparative Study of Antioxidant Activity and Total Phenolic Content of Fresh Juices of Some Common Indian Fruits with their Commercial Counterparts

Comparative study of Antioxidant activity of root of Asparagus Racemosus in different solvents

Comparative study of Antioxidant activity of root of Asparagus Racemosus in different solvents

Evaluating the Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activities of Persea Americana Extracts

Evaluating the Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activities of Persea Americana Extracts

Comparative Study of Antioxidant Activity of Flower of Aloe vera and Leaf Extract of Aloe ferox

Great attention has been focused on medicinal plants and phytoconstituents due to their free radicals scavenging tendency. The present study investigates the comparative antioxidant ability of aqueous extracts of flower of Aloe vera and leaf of Aloe ferox. Antioxidant activity was assessed by using the DPPH, FRAP and ABTS+ free-radical method. The IC50 values of aqueous extracts of flower of the A. vera and leaf of A. ferox in DPPH assay were 406.04 and 517.01 µg/ml, in ABTS+ radical scavenging assay were 44.72 and 173.05 µg/ml, EC1 in FRAP assay were 0.28 and 0.51 (mg/ml) respectively. Results of the present study showed that antioxidant capacity of whole leaf of Aloe ferox Mill was significantly higher than Aloe vera flowers.

Comparative study of antioxidant activity and validated RP-HPTLC analysis of rutin in the leaves of different Acacia species grown in Saudi Arabia

The present study assessed the comparative antioxidant potential of the ethanol extract (EE) of leaves of four Acacia species (Acacia salicina, AS; Acacia laeta, AL; Acacia hamulosa AH; and Acacia tortilis, AT) grown in Saudi Arabia, including RP-HPTLC quantification of antioxidant biomarker rutin. In vitro DPPH radical scavenging and β-carotene-linoleic acid bleaching assays showed the promising antioxidant activities of Acacia extracts: ASEE (IC50: 60.39 and 324.65μg/ml) >ALEE (IC50: 217.06 and 423.36μg/ml) >ATEE (IC50: 250.13 and 747.50μg/ml) >AHEE (IC50: 255.83 and 417.28μg/ml). This was comparable to rutin tested at 500μg/ml. Further, a RP- HPTLC densitometric method was developed (acetonitrile:water; 6:4; v/v) using glass-backed RP-18 silica gel F254 plate, and scanned at UV max 254nm. The method was validated as per the ICH guidelines. Analysis of the validated RP-HPTLC displayed an intense peak (Rf=0.65±0.004) of rutin that was estimated (μg/mg dry weight) to be highest in ASEE (10.42), followed by ALEE (2.67), AHEE (1.36) and ATEE (0.31). Taken together, presence of rutin strongly supported the high antioxidant property of the tested Acacia species, especially Acacia salicina. The developed RP-HPTLC method therefore, affirms its application in the quality control of commercialized herbal drugs or formulation containing rutin.

Comparative study of antioxidant activity in fresh and pasteurized goat milk

The enzymatic activity of milk decreases after different heat treatments, because of two effects: the thermal degradation of the antioxidants, and the formation of new species of oxygen after the heating of the milk. The purpose of this study was to determine how the thermal processing of goat milk influences the profile of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, caseins concentration and the concentration of malonildialdehyde (MDA, marker of lipids peroxidation). Measurements were conducted on 12 samples of fresh goat milk collected (during) over the period of two weeks. An aliquot of each sample was subjected to pasteurization. Half of all the samples were subjected to freeze-drying. The parameters analyzed for each sample were vitamins A and E; lactoperoxidase and glutathione peroxidase activity; vitamin C; total caseins; MDA. Goat milk pasteurization causes a decrease in the concentration of antioxidant vitamins and antioxidant enzymes activities, correlated with a significant increase in the concentration of malonildyaldehide. In the pasteurized milk, changes were highlighted in the profile of caseins.

Comparative Study of Antioxidant Activity from some Egyptian Plants and Phytochemical Composition

Comparative Study of Antioxidant Activity from some Egyptian Plants and Phytochemical Composition

Comparative study of antioxidant activity, phenol and flavonoid content in Phaseolus vulgaris and Vigna sinensis in different stages of seed germination

Comparative study of antioxidant activity, phenol and flavonoid content in Phaseolus vulgaris and Vigna sinensis in different stages of seed germination

Comparative Study of Antioxidant Activity of Extracts and Essential Oils Composition of Artemisia absinthium L. Prepared by Two Different Methods

In this study, chemical compositions of the essential oils isolated from aerial parts of Artemisia absinthium L. by hydrodistillation (HD) and simultaneous steam distillation-solvent extraction (SDE) methods were compared quantitatively and qualitatively using GC-FID and GC-MS. β-Pinene, β-thujone and o-cymene were the major constituents in both cases but in different amounts. Antioxidant activities of various extracts from A. absinthuim were evaluated via DPPH radical scavenging, total phenolic content of the extracts were also evaluated using folin-ciocalteo reagent. Results reveal that although phenolic contents are not high significantly in this plant, water and ethanol extracts of this plant has considerable radical scavenging activity.