Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the values of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in the saliva of children and young teenagers with and without gingivitis. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 children and young teenagers of the mean age of 12.2 participated in the research. Gingival condition was assessed using the Löe and Silness Gingival Index. The subjects were divided into groups of those without gingivitis and those with gingivitis. Samples of unstimulated saliva were collected, and TAC, CAT and GPX were determined spectrophotometrically. Results: By comparing the values of TAC, CAT and GPX in subjects with and without gingivitis, significantly lower values of TAC (p < 0.001) and CAT (p < 0.001) were observed in the group of subjects with gingivitis. The correlation analysis of these values showed a positive correlation in groups of subjects not suffering from gingival inflammation and those with gingival inflammation. Conclusions: The study showed significantly lower values of TAC and CAT in the saliva of subjects with gingivitis. This indicates their possible role as a potential biomarker in the early diagnosis and expression of periodontal disease in children and young teenagers.
Highlights
Free radicals and oxidative stress play a significant role in the etiopathogenesis of many diseases, such as inflammatory, allergic, metabolic, malignant diseases, and even in a physiological process such as aging [1,2,3,4]
Saliva plays a significant role in defending oral tissues from the harmful effects of free radicals [8,9]
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Summary
Free radicals and oxidative stress play a significant role in the etiopathogenesis of many diseases, such as inflammatory, allergic, metabolic, malignant diseases, and even in a physiological process such as aging [1,2,3,4]. Saliva plays a significant role in defending oral tissues from the harmful effects of free radicals [8,9]. Oxidative stress occurs when there is an existing imbalance between the production of free radicals and the ability of salivary antioxidants to neutralize them. This can be the biochemical basis for the development of oral diseases, most often the ones affecting the periodontium [10,11]. The values of prooxidative parameters or antioxidant conditions of the environment in which the process occurs might serve as important biomarkers for the early identification of potential tissue damage [8,12,13]
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