Comparative Clinical Evaluation Research Articles

A Comparative Clinical Evaluation of Subgingivally Delivered 0.5% Azithromycin Gel and 1% Chlorhexidine Gel as an Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing in the Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis

ABSTRACT Background: Chronic periodontitis is a prevalent inflammatory condition affecting the supporting structures of teeth. Adjunctive therapies to scaling and root planing (SRP) play a crucial role in enhancing treatment outcomes. This study aimed to compare the clinical effectiveness of subgingivally delivered 0.5% azithromycin gel and 1% chlorhexidine gel as adjuncts to SRP in the management of chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods: A comparative clinical evaluation was conducted involving 60 participants diagnosed with chronic periodontitis. They were randomly assigned to two groups: Group A received subgingival application of 0.5% azithromycin gel after SRP, whereas Group B received 1% chlorhexidine gel in a similar manner. Clinical parameters including probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and gingival index (GI) were recorded at baseline and 3-month follow-up. Results: Both groups demonstrated significant improvements in clinical parameters after treatment. However, Group A exhibited a greater reduction in PPD (mean decrease of 2.5 mm) compared with Group B (mean decrease of 1.8 mm). Similarly, Group A showed a higher gain in CAL (mean gain of 2.3 mm) compared with Group B (mean gain of 1.5 mm). In addition, a significant reduction in GI was observed in both groups, with Group A showing slightly better outcomes. Conclusion: Subgingivally delivered 0.5% azithromycin gel demonstrated superior clinical efficacy as an adjunct to SRP in the treatment of chronic periodontitis compared with 1% chlorhexidine gel. The findings suggest that azithromycin gel may serve as a promising therapeutic option in managing periodontal disease.

Comparative clinical evaluation between self-adhesive and conventional bulk-fill composites in class II cavities: A 1-year randomized controlled clinical study.

This randomized controlled clinical trial compared the clinical efficacy of self-adhesive bulk-fill Surefil One with a traditional bulk-fill composite in class II restorations. Sixty-four direct class II composite restorations were categorized into two groups. Group I, control group (n = 32): cavities were restored by Filtek One bulk-fill composite with Scotchbond Universal (SBU) adhesive in self-etch mode, Group II, test group (n = 32): cavities were restored by Surefil One self-adhesive bulk-fill composite. The study involved a follow-up period of 1 year, during which restorations were assessed at baseline (BL), 6 months, and 12 months using Federation Dentaire Internationale (FDI) criteria. Data analysis was performed using nonparametric tests. A comparison of restoration characteristics was performed utilizing the chi-square test (X2). The significance level was set at 0.05. Filtek One and Surefil One bulk-fill composites revealed clinically acceptable FDI scores over 12-month recalls. Thirty-two patients (64 restorations) were available for all follow-up visits; 100% of the restorations survived. For esthetic properties, Filtek One was far better than Surefil One at all time points. However, in terms of functional and biological properties, both restorations demonstrated comparable performances. Filtek One bulk-fill restorations were superior in terms of surface luster, surface staining, color match, and translucency, but Surefil One restorations performed well and were similar to Filtek One restorations; however, additional advancements and research are needed to obtain better esthetics. Furthermore, longitudinal studies with extended follow-up periods are needed to assess the clinical potential of both materials. Both Filtek One and Surefil One met the FDI criteria, with Filtek One demonstrating superior esthetic and functional qualities and similar performance regarding biological criteria. Both innovative restorative materials show potential for clinical use. Trial registered on ClinicalTrials.gov under registration number; NCT06120868:07/11/2023.

Comparative clinical evaluation of Jeevantyadi Yamaka Matra Basti and Uttara Basti in Bandhyatva (Anovulation)

Introduction: Infertility is presently a leading and longstanding gynaecological issue affecting approximately 15% of the couples in reproductive age group around the globe while 10-15% in Indian population. Ovulatory dysfunctions form the major cause of female infertility, out of which Anovulation accounts for 40%. Anovulation can be interpreted as Abeejotsarga or Abeejata. Panchakarma plays an important role in the management of Infertility. Thus, the present study aimed at evaluating the ovulation inducing effect of Jeevantyadi Yamaka through Matra Basti and Uttara Basti. Methodology: The study was conducted on 40 female subjects, diagnosed of anovulation with either primary or secondary infertility, fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were randomly allocated into two groups with 20 subjects in each. But only 33 patients completed the trial with 18 patients in Group A and 15 patients in Group B. Group A received Jeevantyadi Yamaka Matra Basti while Group B were administered with Jeevantyadi Yamaka Uttara Basti for a period of three menstrual cycles. The assessment of results was done by follicular study conducted from 9th day of menstrual cycle till 20th day of every cycle for consecutive three cycles. Results: Both the groups showed significant improvement in assessment parameters. Although the number of patients were less in Group B than Group A but Ovulation was observed in 5.5% of subjects in Group A and 40% of subjects in Group B. Discussion: Jeevantyadi Yamaka Matra Basti and Uttara Basti both are equally effective in increasing the size of follicles and other assessment parameters. But in overall, Jeevantyadi Yamaka Uttara Basti was more effective in achieving Ovulation due to its local effect. As, this study was only for three months so no result was seen on Conception.

Comparison of Study Designs for Primary Phase III Trials for Omalizumab Versus Dupilumab for Patients With Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria

Introduction
 Omalizumab is currently the only biologic approved and recommended as second-line treatment for patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). However, clinical trial programs are underway for other biologic treatments such as dupilumab. Given head-to-head trials will not be conducted, consideration of study design may be important.
 Methods
 Comparison of participants, interventions, outcomes, and results for phase III primary efficacy clinical trials for omalizumab versus dupilumab for patients with CSU. The omalizumab trials were ASTERIA I/II (NCT01287117 and NCT01292473) and the dupilumab trial was LIBERTY-CSU CUPID (NCT04180488) that consisted of Study A, B, and C.
 Results
 Participants in ASTERIA I/II were 12 to 75 years with a diagnosis of CSU refractory to H1 antihistamines. Participants in LIBERTY-CSU CUPID were 6 to 80 years (Study A and C) or 12 to 80 years (Study B) with a diagnosis of CSU refractory to H1 antihistamines, and Urticaria Activity Score (UAS)7≥16 and Itch Severity Score (ISS)7≥8 during the 7 days before randomization; Study A and C included participants who were omalizumab naïve and Study B included intolerant or incomplete responders to omalizumab. For ASTERIA I and II, the interventions were placebo or omalizumab (75mg, 150mg, 300mg) every 4 weeks for 24 and 12 weeks, respectively. For LIBERY-CSU CUPID, the interventions were placebo or dupilumab (200mg or 300mg, weight based) every 2 weeks for 24 weeks. The primary efficacy outcome for ASTERIA I/II was change from baseline in ISS7 at Week 12. The primary efficacy outcome for LIBERTY-CSU CUPID was change from baseline in ISS7 at Week 24. For the ASTERIA I primary outcome, the change from baseline in ISS7 at Week 12 was -3.6 for placebo and -6.5, -6.7, and ‑9.4 for omalizumab 75mg, 150mg, and 300mg, respectively. For the ASTERIA II primary outcome, the change from baseline in ISS7 at Week 12 was -5.1 for placebo and ‑5.9, ‑8.1, and ‑9.8 for omalizumab 75mg, 150mg, and 300mg, respectively. For the LIBERTY-CSU CUPID Study A primary outcome, the change from baseline in ISS7 at Week 24 was ‑6.0 for placebo and -10.2 for dupilumab. The LIBERTY-CSU CUPID Study B was stopped due to futility based on a pre-specified interim analysis.
 Conclusion
 Comparing study designs for primary clinical trials for omalizumab and dupilumab for patients with CSU will aid in the comparative analysis and clinical evaluation of final trial results.
 Funding: ASTERIA I/II were funded by Genentech Inc. and Novartis Pharma AG.

Comparison of Study Designs for Primary Phase III Trials for Omalizumab Versus Dupilumab for Patients With Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria

Introduction
 Omalizumab is currently the only biologic approved and recommended as second-line treatment for patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). However, clinical trial programs are underway for other biologic treatments such as dupilumab. Given head-to-head trials will not be conducted, consideration of study design may be important.
 Methods
 Comparison of participants, interventions, outcomes, and results for phase III primary efficacy clinical trials for omalizumab versus dupilumab for patients with CSU. The omalizumab trials were ASTERIA I/II (NCT01287117 and NCT01292473) and the dupilumab trial was LIBERTY-CSU CUPID (NCT04180488) that consisted of Study A, B, and C.
 Results
 Participants in ASTERIA I/II were 12 to 75 years with a diagnosis of CSU refractory to H1 antihistamines. Participants in LIBERTY-CSU CUPID were 6 to 80 years (Study A and C) or 12 to 80 years (Study B) with a diagnosis of CSU refractory to H1 antihistamines, and Urticaria Activity Score (UAS)7≥16 and Itch Severity Score (ISS)7≥8 during the 7 days before randomization; Study A and C included participants who were omalizumab naïve and Study B included intolerant or incomplete responders to omalizumab. For ASTERIA I and II, the interventions were placebo or omalizumab (75mg, 150mg, 300mg) every 4 weeks for 24 and 12 weeks, respectively. For LIBERY-CSU CUPID, the interventions were placebo or dupilumab (200mg or 300mg, weight based) every 2 weeks for 24 weeks. The primary efficacy outcome for ASTERIA I/II was change from baseline in ISS7 at Week 12. The primary efficacy outcome for LIBERTY-CSU CUPID was change from baseline in ISS7 at Week 24. For the ASTERIA I primary outcome, the change from baseline in ISS7 at Week 12 was -3.6 for placebo and -6.5, -6.7, and ‑9.4 for omalizumab 75mg, 150mg, and 300mg, respectively. For the ASTERIA II primary outcome, the change from baseline in ISS7 at Week 12 was -5.1 for placebo and ‑5.9, ‑8.1, and ‑9.8 for omalizumab 75mg, 150mg, and 300mg, respectively. For the LIBERTY-CSU CUPID Study A primary outcome, the change from baseline in ISS7 at Week 24 was ‑6.0 for placebo and -10.2 for dupilumab. The LIBERTY-CSU CUPID Study B was stopped due to futility based on a pre-specified interim analysis.
 Conclusion
 Comparing study designs for primary clinical trials for omalizumab and dupilumab for patients with CSU will aid in the comparative analysis and clinical evaluation of final trial results.

A Comparative Clinical Evaluation of Yang’s Keyhole Plate Versus Conventional Plate for Treatment of Mandibular Sub-Condylar Fractures

A Comparative Clinical Evaluation of Yang’s Keyhole Plate Versus Conventional Plate for Treatment of Mandibular Sub-Condylar Fractures

EARLY MEDICAL CORRECTION OF PERIORBITAL EDEMA AFTER AESTHETIC PERIORBITOPLASTY OF UPPER AND LOWER EYELIDS

The article discusses the results of clinical observation, the use of the thrombolytic Russian drug Jrombovazim® for oral use in the early postoperative period, after aesthetic extended surgeries of the periorbital area of the upper and lower eyelids, as well as the buccal area. A comparative clinical dynamic evaluation of the results of soK tissue edema correction with and without thrombolytic therapy was carried out. The performed correction indicates the rate of regression of postoperative edema, lymphostasis, hematomas in the area of surgical intervention in patients with drug administration of Jrombovazim

Comparative clinical evaluation of anti biotics on kerala zone

Medication use research expects to evaluate if sedate treatment is sane. To look through the objective techniques for inspecting drug treatment towards discernment are vital. Many of these modern day synthetic drugs were treated for infection associated diseases condition to expelled unwanted effects and also unknowing unwanted effects found in the present survey. Questionnaire format will be prepared with the help of standard guidelines. This study was planed 1500 infected patients collected from 350 bedded tertiary care hospital- PVS Hospital (P) LTD Calicut. The survey conducted by different zones of Kerala by using questionnaire. Analysis of different demographical parameters. Results expressed that the survey only with findings expressed that the patients which are not associated with infection but they affected infection (498 numbers & 33.2%) for lesser percentage and numbers when compared with infection associated diseases (802 Numbers & 53.5%). The severe infection patients percentage 13.3%) and numbers (200) were very low when compared to infection associated diseases (802 Numbers & 53.5%) and single diseases (498 Numbers & 33.2%). In our conclusion above demographical parameter will be helps to develop medical facilities for reduce the infected patients level in kerala zone.

Comparative clinical evaluation of xenograft (Cerabone) versus allograft combined with platelet-rich fibrin for treatment of grade II mandibular furcation defects

Abstract Aim: The present study aims to evaluate the efficacy of naturally-derived bovine hydroxyapatite (Cerabone) versus demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft both combined with platelet-rich fibrin for treatment of grade II mandibular furcation defects. Method: This clinical study included 20 systemically healthy patients, with grade II mandibular furcation defects, performed over 6 months. Control group comprised of open flap debridement + demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft + platelet-rich fibrin and test group comprised of open flap debridement + Cerabone + platelet-rich fibrin. Clinical parameters included: Plaque index, Modified Sulcular bleeding index, Vertical probing pocket depth, Horizontal probing depth, Probing clinical attachment level, Radiographic furcation depth, and radiographic bone fill percentage. Results: Both groups showed satisfactory bone regeneration and improvement in clinical parameters. The test group exhibited greater reduction in vertical probing pocket depth, horizontal probing depth, and higher radiographic bone fill percentage when compared to control group, although these findings were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Both bone grafts were equally effective in treatment of grade II furcation defects. Further long-term studies are required to explore their maximum regenerative potential.

Comparative Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Atraumatic Dressings 
 for the Treatment of Patients with Burns

Rationale. Atraumatic mesh bandages are most commonly used bandages for treatment of wounds and burns. To date, considerable experience has been gained in the use of Branolind N bandages in clinical practice in treatment of burn wounds.Aim. Comparative evaluation of the results of the use of various atraumatic dressings and evaluation of the effectiveness of the Branolind N bandage in treatment of patients with burns. Materials and Methods. In 222 patients with burns, the comparative clinical and laboratory evaluation of effectiveness of various atraumatic dressings (180 patients) and cotton-gauze dressings with hydrophilic-based ointment Levomekol (42 patients), in various clinical situations, was carried out.Results. All types of atraumatic dressings had similar clinical effectiveness and were most effective for treatment of superficial and borderline burns of I-II degree, as well as for limited burns of II-III degree after surgical necrectomy at the stage preparation of granulating wounds for skin grafting, starting from the second, and especially in the third stage of wound process. The best results were obtained with the use of Branolind N bandages. Conclusions. The use of atraumatic "mesh" bandages Branolind N allows to improve the results of medical care for patients with burns. Their use contributes to a favorable course of wound process, provides comfort to patients and convenience for work of medical staff in treatment of patients in hospital, and on outpatient basis.

Comparative clinical evaluation of giomer and glass ionomer in primary teeth caries

Comparative clinical evaluation of giomer and glass ionomer in primary teeth caries

Comparative clinical and economic evaluation of polatuzumab vedotin in combination with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and prednisolone (R-CHP) in the 1<sup>st</sup> line therapy for adult patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Aim . To assess the pharmacoeconomic feasibility of using polatuzumab vedotin in combination with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and prednisolone (R-CHP) in 1 st line therapy of adult patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the Russian healthcare system, taking into account the currently used therapeutic practices in oncohematology. Materials and methods . The design of the study is a retrospective analysis of literature data. Clinical and economic analysis (incremental cost–effectiveness analysis, case-based approach) was performed using sensitivity assessment. The sources of data on the effectiveness of the analyzed drugs were publications on clinical trials, on the cost of drugs – the state register of maximum selling prices, data from the manufacturer. Results . An incremental cost–effectiveness analysis was performed using a case-based approach comparing the cost of progression-free life-year gained. Brentuximab vedotin, already included in the list of vital and essential drugs and provided at the expense of budgetary funds, was chosen as the reference drug. It has been established that the cost of progression-free life-year gained (ICER) with the use of polatuzumab vedotin in combination with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and prednisolone (R-CHP) in 1 st line therapy of adult patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by 60.8 %, or 41.6 million rubles, lower than the cost of progression-free life-year gained when using brentuximab vedotin in combination with doxorubicin, vinblastine and dacarbazine in the 1 st line therapy of patients with CD30-positive classical Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Sensitivity assessment showed the stability of the obtained results of clinical and economic analysis to changes in the cost of drugs in compared therapy regimens. The results were sensitive to changes in the efficacy of the compared regimens. Conclusion . The obtained results of the clinical and economic analysis demonstrated that the use of polatuzumab vedotin in combination with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and prednisolone (R-CHP) in the 1 st line therapy of adult patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the Russian healthcare system is economically appropriate.

Клінічне дослідження відновлень зубів з різних матеріалів

The purpose of the study was a comparative clinical evaluation of direct cervical restorations of teeth made from different materials. Materials and methods. In 49 patients aged from 22 to 37 years, direct restoration of 97 teeth with cervical carious lesions was carried out. Group 1 included 19 people (39.6% of the number of examined) with 35 restorations (36.1% of the number of restorations) from photocomposite, group 2 – 14 people (29.2%), in whom 34 restorations were performed (35.1%) with glass ionomer cement, in 15 patients (31.3%) of group 3 28 restorations (28.9%) were performed with chemically hardening composite. The examination was carried out the next day, after 6 and 12 months according to clinical and aesthetic criteria. Results and discussion. The next day, in patients of group 1, 2 restored teeth (5.7% of their number in patients of the group) had increased sensitivity. After 6 months, 1 restoration (2.9%) was missing in patients of group 1, 2 restorations (5.7%) had marginal fit violations, 1 (2.9%) – had marginal coloration, and 1 restored tooth (2.9%) was diagnosed with hypersensitivity. In patients of group 2, in 5 restorations (14.7%) defects of marginal fit and marginal coloration were detected. In persons of group 3, in 3 restorations (10.7%) the marginal fit was violated, in 4 (14.7%) – coloration. In the period of 12 months, in persons of group 1, 1 restoration (3.2% of their number at this time) was again absent, secondary caries was detected, defects in the marginal fit of the photocomposite were recorded in 3 restorations (8.6%), marginal coloration – in 4 (11.4%). In patients of group 2, in 6 restorations (22.2% of the number in this period), the marginal fit of the glass ionomer was violated, in 8 (29.6%) – marginal coloration. In patients of group 3, defects in the marginal fit of the chemical composite were identified in 7 restorations (29.2% of the number in this period), marginal coloration – in 6 (25%), secondary caries was found along with 1 restoration (4.2%). The undisputed dominance of the photocomposite material in the aesthetic evaluation of the state of restorations was proven, in particular, according to criteria that included color matching and surface roughness, only single deviations were found in photocomposite restorations, and in restorations from glass ionomer cement and chemically hardening composite, they were found several times more. Conclusion. When using photocomposite material to restore teeth with cervical carious lesions, the possibility of the abfraction effect with subsequent loss of restorations and the increased risk of postoperative sensitivity in the restored teeth should be taken into account

Comparative clinical and radiologic evaluation between patients undergoing standard reversed shoulder arthroplasty or bony increased offset.

Modifications of the medialized design of Grammont-type reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) using a bony increased offset (BIO-RSA) has shown better clinical results and fewer complications. The aim of this study is to compare the clinical results, complications, and radiological outcomes between patients undergoing standard RSA and BIO-RSA. A retrospective review was performed of 42 RSA procedures (22 standard RSA and 20 BIO-RSA). With a minimum of 1 year of follow-up, range of motion (ROM), Constant shoulder score (CSS), visual analog scale (VAS), and subjective shoulder score (SSS) were compared. Radiographs and computed tomography (CT) scan were examined for scapular notching, glenoid and humeral fixation, and graft healing. At a mean follow-up of 27.6 months (range, 12-48 months), a significant difference was found for active-internal rotation (P=0.038) and for passive-external rotation (P=0.013), with better results in BIO-RSA. No other differences were found in ROM, CSS (P=0.884), VAS score, and SSS. Graft healing and viability were verified in all patients with CT scan (n=34). The notching rate was 28% in the standard RSA group and 33% in the BIO-RSA group, but the standard RSA had more severe notching (grade 2) than BIO-RSA (P=0.039). No other significative differences were found in glenoid and humeral fixation. Bone-graft lateralization is associated with better internal and external rotation and with less severe scapular notching compared to the standard RSA. Integration of the bone graft occurs effectively, with no relevant changes observed on radiographic evaluation.

A comparative clinical evaluation of Herbal and synthetic dentifrices in dentinal hyper-sensitivity

Background:
 Dentin hypersensitivity could be defined as a short, sharp pain arising from exposed dentin in response to stimuli typically thermal, evaporative, tactile, osmotic, or chemical and which cannot be ascribed to any other form of dental defect or pathology. In Ayurveda Dentinal Hypersensitivity can be compared with Dantaharsha. When teeth are sensitized to cold/breeze, hot, dry and sour eatables and have pain and shaky feeling, the condition is called ‘Dantaharsha’. Toothpastes are the most widely used dentifrices for delivering over-the-counter desensitizing agents. The aim study was to evaluate the effect of Herbal dentifrices in Dentinal hypersensitivity. The objective of this study was to prepare palatable formulation of Herbal Dentifrices to maintain oral health and prevent oral pathologies
 Materials and Methods:
 In this open-labelled, randomized, controlled study, 60 assenting patients between 18-40 years of age were enrolled and randomized into trial and control groups, after obtaining EC approval and informed consent. Those in the trial group received Herbal dentifrices, control group participants received Synthetic dentifrices. Herbal and synthetic dentifrices given to apply twice a day for 3 wks. Follow up was taken after second week and third week.The duration of treatment was of 21 days. Dentifrice was prepared under all hygienic conditions and safety precautions in GMP certified pharmacy. Effect in Dentinal hypersensitivity was assessed by scored using VAS on air stimulus and cold-water stimulus and Air Blast Stimulation Schiff Cold Air Sensitivity Scale. Appropriate statistical tests applied to the data to obtain results
 Results: On analysis of data generated through clinical assessment, improvement was seen in dentinal hypersensitivity in both the groups. Though synthetic dentifrice showed better results than the herbal one, the trial drug exhibited a promising output in the study. Statistically Group B shows better results in the median Hypersensitivity score on VAS and Air blast stimulation compared to Group A.
 
 Conclusion: In present study, improvement was seen in dentinal hypersensitivity in both the groups. Synthetic dentifrice showed better results than the herbal one. Although the results in the trial group were not disappointing. The results were encouraging enough to use the drug for further research.

Randomized Controlled clinical trial of Rasaraj Rasa and Vajigandhadi Basti in the management of Post-Stroke Depression (PSD)

Abstract: Aim: Comparative clinical evaluation of, Sertraline, Rasaraj rasa and combination therapy of Rasaraj rasa with Vajigandhadi Basti in the management of PSD. Material and Methods: A total number of 78 patients presenting with features of Post-Stroke depression and fulfilling the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria were registered from the OPD/IPD of the concerned hospital. They were randomly allocated on three groups. Group A was considered as control and was treated with tablet Sertraline Group B was treated with tablet Rasaraj rasa while Group C was treated with Vajigandhadi tail Basti therapy along with Rasaraja Rasa 125 mg. Total three follow up were taken at one month interval each. During the study period 18 patients were dropped out and 60 subjects completed the entire study. The assessment was done through Hamilton Depression rating scale and Barthel scale. Results: The therapeutic effect of Rasaraj Rasa along with Vajigandhadi basti therapy was found better as compared to other groups. Conclusion: Study has shown significant changes over symptoms of PSD i.e. both on level of depression and motor functioning. This study has opened new vista for further study in the field of Neuro-psychiatric disorders using Ayurvedic principles of management with special reference to PSD.

Comparative clinical evaluation of two different formulated in-office newer desensitizing agents (Clinpro XT and Tokuyama Shield Force Plus) in reducing dentin hypersensitivity - A randomized clinical trial.

The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of two various in-office newer desensitizing agents in reducing dentinal hypersensitivity in patients with mild-to-moderate sensitivity for a 1-month follow-up. Forty subjects with cervical dentin hypersensitivity (otherwise healthy patients) were included. A split-mouth, randomized clinical trial was conducted. A Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used to record the initial sensitivity levels at the baseline visit. Each individual has been exposed to thermal (ethyl chloride spray) and evaporative (air blast) stimuli to elicit sensitivity. A single application of two different in-office desensitizing agents, Clinpro XT Varnish (3M ESPE, Minnesota, USA) and Shield Force Plus (Tokuyama Dental, Tokyo, Japan), was done. The sensitivity scores were recorded after the application of the desensitizing agent immediately, after 1 week, and after 1 month using both air and cold stimuli in the same manner as initially. Mean VAS scores represent teeth that were more sensitive to cold stimuli compared to air blasts in both groups. For both stimuli at all-time intervals except baseline, there is a significant difference between CXT and SFP, with low mean VAS scores for CXT. Post hoc analysis revealed that in the CXT group, there is a significant difference in mean VAS score between pre-and postintervention at all-time intervals except between immediate and 1-week time intervals (P < 0.001) but only at immediate and 1-week time intervals in SFP. Clinpro XT Varnish is more efficient compared to Shield Force Plus at all-time points irrespective of the stimuli after a 1-month follow-up.

Comparative clinical evaluation of a local drug delivery of cranberry and garcinia fruit gel with tetracycline fibers for amelioration of periodontitis: A split mouth study.

The present study formulates and evaluates a polyberry gel comprising extracts of cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) and brindle berry (Garcinia cambogia) in patients suffering from chronic periodontitis. The polyberry gel was evaluated for various physicochemical parameters, in vitro permeability and stability, and the active phytoconstituents were quantified by High-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). Total phenolic content, total antioxidants, and ascorbic acid were estimated in the two extracts by in vitro assays. Patients suffering from chronic periodontitis with probing pocket depth (PPD) up to 5 mm were divided into 3 groups of 21 patients each and treated with scaling and root planing (SRP) or SRP followed by subgingival placement of polyberry gel or tetracycline fibers (standard). Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), PPD, Clinical Attachment Level (CAL), and the salivary aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were recorded at baseline and after 1 month. A significant (P < 0.01) reduction in the periodontic disease parameters was observed in the standard and gel-treated groups between their baseline and 1-month time-interval readings. The polyberry gel treatment significantly (P < 0.05 for AST and P < 0.01 for the rest) attenuated the periodontitis-elevated PI, GI PPD, CAL, AST and CRP levels when compared with SRP at the end of the study and was comparable with tetracycline. The amelioration of periodontitis and gingival inflammation may be attributed to the potent antioxidant activity of the polyphenolic phytoconstituents of the gel. The polyberry gel may thus be used as a safe adjunct to SRP/tetracycline in chronic periodontitis.

Comparative Clinical Evaluation of Trapezoidal, Envelope, and Tunnel Type Coronally Advanced Flap in the Treatment of Gingival Recession: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

This study evaluated the efficacy of trapezoidal coronally advanced flap (tCAF), envelope coronally advanced flap (eCAF), and coronally advanced tunnel flap (TUN) in treating gingival recession (GR) through a network meta-analysis. Eligible articles from the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases published up to September 2020 were selected to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on tCAF, eCAF, and TUN treatments. Sample size, treatment time, and outcome measures including complete root coverage (CRC), root coverage esthetic score (RES), and other data were extracted from the article, and integrated analysis was conducted. In total, 10 RCTs met the inclusion criteria, involving 310 patients. Direct meta-analysis showed no significant differences in CRC among the three surgical methods; A significant difference was seen for RES, with TUN worse than tCAF (weighted mean difference: -0.73; 95% CI: -1.44, -0.02; P = .045). The network meta-analysis showed no statistical significance in the cross-comparison of tCAF, eCAF, and TUN. However, eCAF had the most significant effect on improving CRC (SUCRA = 69.2) and RES (SUCRA = 85.0). eCAF has the best prognosis in the treatment of GR, followed by tCAF and TUN. This may influence the surgeon's treatment choice, as eCAF may be more effective in root coverage procedures.

Comparative Clinical and Serum Biochemical Evaluation of Two Intramuscular Anaesthetic Combinations (Diazepam/Ketamine and Diazepam/Fentanyl/Ketamine) in Rabbits

The research has been conducted to find the clinical efficacy and safety of preanaesthetics and induction agents based on clinical and serum biochemical indicators in rabbits. Eight healthy rabbits (3.0-3.5kg) of either sex were arbitrarily allocated into two groups: Group DK (diazepam-ketamine) and Group DFK (diazepam-fentanyl-ketamine). Rabbits were received intramuscular diazepam (5mg/kg), fentanyl (0.02 mg/kg) and ketamine (35 mg/kg). Data on clinical parameters (rectal temperature, heart rate, and respiratory rate) and reflexes (righting reflex, palpebral reflex, and pedal reflex) were evaluated before and at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 minutes after injection of anaesthetics. Blood samples were aspirated before anaesthesia and 30 minutes following induction. Serum Albumin, Globulin, Cholesterol, Triglyceride, Total Protein, High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL), Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL), Creatinine, Calcium, Phosphorus, Sodium, Potassium, and Chlorine were evaluated through a semiautomatic biochemistry analyzer. In this study, no significant changes in rectal temperature were observed in the animals of group DK during anaesthesia. During anaesthetic cascade, heart rates and respiration rates in both the groups were reduced significantly (P&amp;lt; 0.05). In DFK-injected rabbits, the return of righting and palpebral reflexes were delayed. The DFK groups had considerably (P&amp;lt; 0.05) longer surgical anaesthesia than the DK groups. In terms of serum biochemistry, DK-treated rabbits had significantly lower total protein, globulin, creatinine, HDL, sodium, and potassium concentrations (P&amp;lt; 0.05). Total protein, cholesterol, HDL, and potassium levels decreased significantly (P&amp;lt;0.05) after DFK treatment. The DFK combination offered appropriate anaesthesia for rabbits, as evidenced by a prolonged anaesthetic time, acceptable cardiopulmonary and other clinical indices, and moderate changes in serum biochemical profiles.