Comparative Analysis Of Various Types Research Articles

PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF PIPELINE GAS TRANSPORT

In connection with the global trends in the development of green energy, as well as with the development of gas production in the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the issues of gasification of the country, gas transportation to the consumer are becoming particularly relevant. The article provides a historical overview of gas transport, a comparative analysis of various types of gas transport, the advantages of pipeline gas transport, as well as an overview of the development of the gas industry in general and in particular, issues of gasification, gas transport on the example of the National operator of main gas pipelines JSC “Intergas Central Asia”. The issues of gasification of the country, in particular, the northern regions and Astana, were considered. The analysis and prospects for the development of the gas industry and gas companies in Kazakhstan were also carried out. According to the Roadmap for the country’s gasification, special attention is paid to the gasification of the northern and central regions of the country, where the provision of gas to settlements along the Saryarka gas pipeline route is being considered in stages. The statistics of the branches of JSC “Intergas Central Asia”, the sites that each branch serves, are given. In conclusion, recommendations are given on the effective use of the country’s gas resources and a gradual transition to “clean” energy.

Color Face Image Generation with Improved Generative Adversarial Networks

This paper focuses on the development of an improved Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) specifically designed for generating color portraits from sketches. The construction of the system involves using a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) computing host as the primary unit for model training. The tasks that require high-performance calculations are handed over to the GPU host, while the user host only needs to perform simple image processing and use the model trained by the GPU host to generate images. This arrangement reduces the computer specification requirements for the user. This paper will conduct a comparative analysis of various types of generative networks which will serve as a reference point for the development of the proposed Generative Adversarial Network. The application part of the paper focuses on the practical implementation and utilization of the developed Generative Adversarial Network for the generation of multi-skin tone portraits. By constructing a face dataset specifically designed to incorporate information about ethnicity and skin color, this approach can overcome a limitation associated with traditional generation networks, which typically generate only a single skin color.

ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ МИКРОКОНТРОЛЛЕРОВ И МИКРОПРОЦЕССОРОВ ДЛЯ БЕСПИЛОТНЫХ СИСТЕМ

The article analyzes modern microcontrollers and microprocessors used in unmanned systems. Their architectural features, energy efficiency, capabilities for implementing real-time systems and built-in security mechanisms are considered. Particular attention is paid to a comparative analysis of various types of microcontrollers and microprocessors, as well as their use in real unmanned systems, such as drones and autonomous vehicles. Conclusions are made about the key factors influencing the choice of hardware for various applications.

ЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКИЕ СИСТЕМЫ ТРАНСПОРТНЫХ СРЕДСТВ С АЛЬТЕРНАТИВНЫМИ ИСТОЧНИКАМИ ЭНЕРГИИ: ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЕ И АНАЛИЗ

The article considers modern electrical systems of vehicles using alternative energy sources. A comparative analysis of various types of such sources, including solar panels, fuel cells and batteries, is carried out. The key components and architectural features of electrical systems, as well as methods for modeling and managing energy flows are described. Particular attention is paid to the efficiency of these systems and their adaptation to various operating conditions. Current problems and prospects for the development of technologies in the field of environmentally friendly transport are discussed.

ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ МИКРОКОНТРОЛЛЕРОВ В СИСТЕМАХ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ РОБОТАМИ: АЛГОРИТМЫ И АРХИТЕКТУРЫ

The article considers modern approaches to the use of microcontrollers in robot control systems, with an emphasis on the development of efficient algorithms and architectures. A comparative analysis of various types of architectures suitable for robotic systems is carried out, and control algorithms optimized for the computing resources of microcontrollers are considered. The main advantages and limitations of various architectures and algorithms, their impact on the performance and stability of control systems are highlighted. The prospects for further development of microcontrollers in the context of their use in robotics and their role in integration with cyber-physical systems and the Internet of Things are assessed.

Benefit evaluation analysis of new energy power consumption information collection with basic steady-state harmonic characteristics

Abstract In this paper, firstly, the load monitoring characteristics of new energy power consumption are studied and analyzed in terms of both steady-state and transient characteristics, and suitable characteristic values are selected for different types as the basis of load decomposition. A comparative analysis of various types of load imprints is conducted to highlight the advantages of steady-state harmonic features as load monitoring feature data. Then, an evaluation model of the demand response potential of electricity information collection is established based on a multi-objective optimization algorithm, and technical and economic analysis of electricity information collection is carried out to evaluate the response potential of power companies collecting customer data. Finally, the situation and benefits of collecting electricity consumption information for new energy power are analyzed. The daily maximum load moments of typical users are all cut by more than 10%, the peak load portion cut by more than 97% is also more obvious, and the maximum moments of valley filling response are all more than 11%. D Power saved a total of 3.759 billion yuan in labor costs by reducing labor costs by 400 million yuan after adopting electricity consumption information collection. The indices of excellent and qualified management benefit and social benefit evaluation of electricity consumption information collection are above 0.8. Overall, the benefits of electricity consumption information collection for new energy power with basic steady-state harmonic characteristics are significant and effective.

Automatic SWMM Parameter Calibration Method Based on the Differential Evolution and Bayesian Optimization Algorithm

In response to the low accuracy exhibited by the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM), we propose an enhanced Differential Evolution and Bayesian Optimization Algorithm (DE-BOA). This algorithm integrates the global search capability of the differential evolution algorithm with the local search capability of the Bayesian optimization algorithm, which enables a more comprehensive exploration of the vector solution space. A comparative analysis of various types of rainfall events is conducted. For model calibration and validation, a drainage subzone in Jinshazhou, Guangzhou City, is selected as the research subject. In total, 20 specific rainfall events are selected, and the DE-BOA algorithm outperforms the manual calibration, the differential evolution algorithm, and the Bayesian optimization algorithm regarding model calibration accuracy. Furthermore, the DE-BOA algorithm exhibits robust adaptability to rainfall events characterized by multiple peaks and higher precipitation levels, with the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient values surpassing 0.90. This study’s findings could hold significant reference value for dynamically updating model parameters, thereby enhancing the model simulation performance and improving the accuracy of the urban intelligent water management platform.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICIENCY OF VARIOUS ENERGY STORAGES

Research relevance This article presents a mathematical solution to the issue of a comparative analysis of various types of energy storage devices and determining the most efficient type of energy storage device for use on an industrial scale. The subject of the study in the article is the most important parameters of seven types of energy storages, the use of which is spreading in the world. The purpose of the work is to obtain an answer to the following question: which of the ubiquitous different types of energy storages is most likely to be the most efficient for the future industrial energy supply? The following tasks are solved in the article: 1) generalization of the collected data; 2) analysis (evaluation) of data using mathematical methods of data analysis. The following research methods are used: comparison, abstraction, axiomatic, analysis, synthesis, formalization and induction. The following results were obtained: among the analyzed energy storages, the best result was shown by a mechanical potential (gravitational) energy storage. Conclusions: If it is planned to use energy storages on an industrial scale in various fields, it should be recognized as expedient to give preference to gravitational devices.

Analysis of structures and application of different types of engines in cars

Problem. The publication analyzes the structures and application of various types of engines in a car, which allows to determine the structural aspects, features of placement and operation of engines, their future application prospects. Purpose. The purpose of the work is to analyze the design and operation of engines used in modern cars, to determine their advantages and disadvantages, and the prospects for the development and application of various types of engines. Methodology. The approaches adopted in the work to achieve the set goal consist in the analysis of designs of various types of engines of modern cars, their layout and features of their use. Results. The paper includes a comparative analysis of various types of engines used in modern cars. The peculiarity of the design and structure of internal combustion engines, electric cars and hybrid cars is considered. The scheme of the general configuration of electric vehicles, possible configurations of electric vehicles, layout schemes of hybrid cars are given. The advantages and disadvantages of each type of engine, the main prospects for their development and application are shown. Originality. The conducted analysis of the design features of various types of engines that are installed in modern cars allows us to formulate a general idea about the peculiarities of the operation of cars with the considered types of engines. Practical meaning. The obtained results of the analysis and the given advantages and disadvantages in the use of different types of engines allow us to formulate the main directions in the development of structures and the prospects of their application in different types of cars.

Improved GIS-T model for finding the shortest paths in graphs

A system of models and methods is proposed for the stated problem, which is the development of software for searching the shortest paths in graphs. These models and methods are based on a comparative analysis of various types of geographic information system-transportation (GIS-T) and optimization methods that pertain to searching for the shortest paths in a graph. The goal of this research is to find a solution to the problem. The fundamental ideas behind GIS-T and computational geometry (CG), in addition to the approach of combinatorial optimization, were utilized in this endeavor. Compilation of the newly developed software takes place in the Java Eclipse development environment. Examples of graphic interfaces and potential solutions are used to illustrate its capabilities in relation to the quest for the shortest routes possible within the confines of a particular geographic area. The compiled geographic information system (GIS) tool known as "route" determines the routes that are the shortest distance between existing settlements as well as those that have been defined by the user. In addition to this, it enables the problem to be solved in circumstances in which certain roads become inoperable or certain settlements may be reached via the specified field roads.

A critical review on inductive wireless power transfer charging system in electric vehicle

AbstractConsidering a prospect where a driverless electric vehicle (EV) requires an automatic charging system that does not need a person to do anything. In this case, there is a need for a fully automated, fast, safe, cost‐effective, and reliable charging infrastructure that can be used for EVs and other EVs. This infrastructure must also be profitable and allow for quick adoption in electric transportation systems. Wireless charging methods may allow you to understand these characteristics. Wireless power transfer (WPT) is a future technology that offers flexibility, convenience, safety, and the capacity to be automated. Due to its high efficiency and ease of maintenance, resonant inductive wireless charging should get more attention in WPT techniques than other WPT methods. This literature provides an overview of the status of Resonant Inductive Wireless Power Transfer Charging technology, as well as a look at the current and prospects of the wireless EV industry. First, the article provides a brief history of wireless charging technologies, outlining the benefits and drawbacks. Then, the research assists in a comparative analysis of various types of WPT methodologies, control strategies, and compensation networks that have been done so far. The static and dynamic charging procedures, as well as their features, are shown. To increase charging power, a novel approach to the usage of superconducting materials in coil designs is examined, and their potential influence on wireless charging is highlighted. The detailed role and importance of power electronics, as well as the many types of converters utilized in diverse applications, are highlighted. The batteries and their management systems, as well as numerous WPT difficulties, are also discussed. Different trades are investigated, including cyber security economic consequences, health and safety, foreign object identification, and the effect and influence on the distribution grid. This article also highlights the opportunities and challenges associated with wireless charging systems. We anticipate that our effort will contribute to the advancement of WPT system research and development.

Potential solvents and electrolytes for energy storage applications: A Review

Since the industrial sector leans more on fossil fuels to pace up with the required energy needs. To overcome increasing demand for electricity, it is important to store the energy generated from natural resources so that energy can be used as and when required. Energy storage devices are one such means used worldwide for conserving different forms of energies and need of the hour is to discover and explore strong and secure electrical energy storage technologies. In this review an effort is made to do a comparative analysis of various types of materials and solvents used for energy storage applications during last two decades. Attempt has also been made to explore and discover different class of solvents and electrolytes that are environment friendly and have minimal impact on living organisms. As salts and the solvents are significant ingredients in the energy storage devices, so this analysis will also provide a first-hand perspective of many solvent candidates for energy storage applications. From the analysis and detailed review, it has been observed that the solvents exhibiting large electrochemical window, high thermal and chemical stability, low toxicity, and volatility are the important features which makes them important constituent of different energy storage devices like flow batteries, supercapacitors, and rechargeable batteries. Advancement of cutting-edge battery innovation is important in view of various applications like hybrid cars, smartphones, laptops etc.

Применение аммиака в качестве моторного топлива для автомобилей, эксплуатируемых в условиях Арктического региона

The article deals with the issue of using ammonia as fuel for vehicles operating in the Arctic region. A comparative analysis of various types of hydrogen fuels has been carried out. The prospects for the use of ammonia as a hydrogen carrier on board a vehicle have been determined. A power supply system for a diesel engine based on the decomposition of ammonia with the subsequent addition of hydrogen as an additive to the main fuel is proposed.

Degradation of Lithium-Ion Batteries in an Electric Transport Complex

The article provides an overview and comparative analysis of various types of batteries, including the most modern type—lithium-ion batteries. Currently, lithium-ion batteries (LIB) are widely used in electrical complexes and systems, including as a traction battery for electric vehicles. Increasing the service life of the storage devices used today is an important scientific and technical problem due to their rapid wear and tear and high cost. This article discusses the main approaches and methods for researching the LIB resource. First of all, a detailed analysis of the causes of degradation was carried out and the processes occurring in lithium-ion batteries during charging, discharging, resting and difficult operating conditions were established. Then, the main factors influencing the service life are determined: charging and discharging currents, self-discharge current, temperature, number of cycles, discharge depth, operating range of charge level, etc. when simulating a real motion process. The work considers the battery management systems (BMS) that take into account and compensate for the influence of the factors considered. In the conclusion, the positive and negative characteristics of the presented methods of scientific research of the residual life of LIB are given and recommendations are given for the choice of practical solutions to engineers and designers of batteries. The work also analyzed various operating cycles of electric transport, including heavy forced modes, extreme operating modes (when the amount of discharge and discharge of batteries is greater than the nominal value) and their effect on the degradation of lithium-ion batteries.

X-ray image of respiratory distress syndrome in newborns with low and extremely low birth weight

Introduction. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is characterized by immaturity of lung tissue, surfactant deficiency and is a common cause of mortality in premature infants. X-ray is the main method for determining the causes and severity of respiratory failure in newborns.Purpose. Systematization of the results of X-ray examination of the lungs of newborns with varying degrees of prematurity, compared with autopsy data.Materials and methods. The analysis of X-ray data and sectional material of 32 premature infants with low and extremely low body weight who died with clinical manifestations of RDS was performed.Research results. The article provides a comparative analysis of various types of radiological changes in the lungs (reticulo-nodular pulmonary pattern (n=10), cellular deformity of the pulmonary pattern (n=5), «air bronchogram» (n=20), «air leakage» syndrome (n=6), focal-confluent shadows/infiltrative-like foci of darkening (n=9)) and autopsy results of premature newborns.Conclusion. The greatest number of coincidences of radiological and histological data took place in BPD (80%), the smallest — in pulmonary hemorrhages (20%). The coincidence of conclusions for pneumonia and GM disease is 58–56%, respectively. Difficulty in the differential diagnosis of the X-ray picture of the lungs in low birth-weight infants lies in the frequent combination of pathological conditions. Respiratory failure with a wide range of pathological changes in the lungs developed in 15 (53,6%) newborns in the absence of criteria for surfactant insufficiency against the background of respiratory support.

Exploring critical success factors (CSFs) of humanitarian supply chain management (HSCM) in flood disaster management (FDM)

PurposeThis study explores the critical success factors (CSFs) in humanitarian supply chain management (HSCM) by focussing on flood disaster management (FDM) in Ghana.Design/methodology/approachAn in-depth semi-structured interview and questionnaire surveys in a sequential data collection approach were used to collect data from definitive stakeholders of humanitarian organisations. The data was analysed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factors analysis (CFA) and structural equation modelling (SEM) techniques.FindingsSeventy-four factors were identified as success factors of HSCM of flood disaster management. However, 41 of these factors were statistically significant and considered as critical. In descending order, these factors relate to management practices, education and training, stakeholder involvement and cooperation, infrastructure, innovation and technology, materials and resources, administrative practices, socio-cultural and economic. Whilst some factors are internal to the humanitarian organisations, others are external factors that are beyond the control of humanitarian organisations.Research limitations/implicationsEven though this study offers empirical results that could guide policymakers in their decision-making about humanitarian operations, care needs to be taken since the data is within one country and within a specific disaster context – hence, policymakers need to consider the local contextual dynamics. Future studies could look at different disasters context to make a comparative analysis of various types of disaster operations.Practical implicationsInstitutions such as World Health Organization, Red Cross organisations and UN seeking to curbs global-warming-related disasters and the reduction of the effects of flood disaster can use findings as a guide during the formulation of HSCM policies and strategies.Originality/valueUnlike previous studies of humanitarian operations that focussed extensively on theoretical expositions, simulations, conceptual frameworks and models, this present study offers empirical evidence of humanitarian operations in the context of SCM. Further, by highlighting on the HSCM CSFs, this study contributes to disaster reduction and their effects on humanity in the context of FDM. This research could be used as guide by governments and FDM organisations to make informed decisions on SCM areas to focus the most during FDM.

A Comparative Analysis of Various Types of Modified Bentonite Clays Added to Poly Methyl Butadiene for Nanocomposite Preparation

New Nano-composite of biopolymers was prepared for this analysis. The natural bentonite clay group forms Na- Bentonite (Na- BTT), K- Bentonite (K- BTt), and Ca- Bentonite (Ca-Btt) has been modified by the addition of synthesized fatty amide (FACO), namely Corn oil (CO). To achieve the modification the clay particles was mixed thoroughly in an aqueous (FACO) solution which increases the separation of the clay layer from 1.25 to 2.75 nm of BTT, 1.17 to 1.34 nm of BTt and 1.14 to 1.31nm of Btt due to the action exchange capacity of Na- BTT which is much greater than the low cation exchange capacity of K- BTt and Ca-Btt, respectively. The improved Na- BTT was then used in the preparation of poly methyl butadiene (PMB) Nano-composite. The modifiers interaction in the clay layer is described by X-ray diffraction (XRD). A conventional approach was used to synthesize the Nano-composite, in which the modified clay (FACO- BTT) was melt mixed with PMB. To classify the Nano-composite XRD, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Thermogravimetric have been used. The results of XRD and TEM confirmed Nano-composite growth. In contrast to pure PMB, PMB modified BTT Nano-composite showed higher thermal stability. The use of FACO as a vegetable oil derivative to modify clay would minimize reliance on petroleum based surfactants. Moreover, such Nano-composites are considered environmentally friendly in addition to being renewable resources.

The impact of various types of aerobic fitness-trainingon the cardiorespiratory fitness of female students

Health/educational professionals indicate that the physical and functional fitness of majority modern students doesn't meet the regulatory requirements. Professionals recommend using cardiorespiratory fitness-training in students' physical education to solve this problem. The aim of study: comparative analysis of various types of aerobic fitness-training that significantly increasing of cardiorespiratory fitness of female students. Materials and methods: Participants: female students (n=47), second-year students of SFU, aged 19.32±0.45 years, divided into three groups. Group 1 (n=15) practiced functional training (CrossFit). Group 2 (n=16) practiced step aerobics. Group 3 (n=16) practiced Kangoo-Jump fitness training. To assess of cardiorespiratory fitness of students, the following tests were used: running test (running 2000 m), Burpee test, Jumping Jack test. Statistical data analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows 17.0 and ANOVA single-factor test for independent measurements was performed. Results: A significant (p ≤0,05) advantage of group 3 in the findings of the Jumping Jack» test was found after the end of aerobic training. There was also a significant (p ≤0,05) advantage of group 1 and group 3 in the findings of the Burpee test. The findings of the groups in the running test (running 2000 m) did not differ significantly. Conclusion: The highlights indicate that regular aerobic fitness-training Kangoo-Jump contributes to the formation of a higher level of cardiorespiratory (functional) fitness of female students to perform various aerobic loads, compared to other types of aerobic fitness-training.

Сравнительный анализ различных видов невротизации как метода хирургического лечения периферического пареза лицевого нерва

Сравнительный анализ различных видов невротизации как метода хирургического лечения периферического пареза лицевого нерва

Decreasing cost of heat pump heat supply systemby changing first circuit collector

The aim of this work is to reduce the cost of the heat pump heating system by using a solar collector in the primary circuit of the heat pump. It is known that the price of material and installation of the primary circuit collector is 30% of the total cost of the heat pump heating system. The use of a solar collector in the primary circuit of a heat pump eliminates the need for drilling or underground installation of a low-potential thermal energy collector. The rejection of the classic types of collectors: horizontal collectors and vertical probes, also has a positive environmental effect on the soil. The combined use of a solar collector and a heat pump will add variability in the layout of the heat pump heating system. The article presents the results of a theoretical study of the feasibility of operating solar collectors at the latitudes of the Republic of Tatarstan. A comparative analysis of various types of heat pump and solar collector is given, based on which the main components of the combined system were selected. The work includes calculations of the required power and surface area of the absorption of the solar collector. The results of a comparative analysis of the performance of the solar collector are presented, depending on the angle of incidence of sunlight and the average level of insolation. As a result of the work, it was determined that the use of a solar collector in the primary circuit of a heat pump will be twice cheaper compared to horizontal collectors and 4 times compared to vertical probes.