Comparative Analysis Method Research Articles

ASSESSMENT OF RISKS AND PROVIDING RECOMMENDATIONS TO MINIMIZE THEIR OCCURRENCE DURING TRANSPORTATION OF CARGO BY RAIL TRANSPORT.

Purpose: To assess the risks of emergency situations and provide recommendations for their minimization during the transportation of goods by rail transport. Method. On the basis of the methods of comparative typology, expert evaluations and system analysis for the route that runs through the industrial districts of Kryvyi Rih, using the methods of analysis of the causes and consequences of a key event, the combined diagram of the Ishikawa tree of a key event, risk maps of a key event, the analysis of hidden and direct priorities was determined indicator of the risk of the complex effect of negative factors of emergency situations during the transportation of heavy metals. The results. the authors identified the most likely causes of the emergency situation: 1) A rocket projectile that damaged the track, as a result of which the spontaneous exit of wagons occurred; 2) Exceeding the speed of a tank train; 3) Icy, which led to an increase in the braking distance and an accident; 4) Neglect of obstacles to movement before the movement of tanks, which in turn can lead to a stoppage of the technological process, cargo spillage and financial losses. A probabilistic risk assessment was carried out on the basis of an expert assessment of the risk operator and measures to reduce the occurrence of emergency situations were proposed with annual costs for them, thousand UAH. After that, a map of probabilistic risk assessment and a map of probabilistic assessment of risk management effects were created, which provide an opportunity for effective management and management of the probable cause of an emergency situation and the selection of financial investments for measures to reduce the occurrence of emergency situations. After that, it was proposed to use the combined wagon model 17-975(01) with all the necessary equipment as a means for quick localization and liquidation of the consequences of spills of emissions of hazardous substances during their transportation by railway transport in the event of an accident. The economic feasibility of using the proposed tool was also substantiated. The scientific novelty consists in the created model for the analysis of the risk assessment of an emergency situation, as well as the identification of possible causes and factors of the occurrence of emergency situations during the transportation of dangerous goods by railway transport, as well as the development of recommendations for their reduction. The practical significance is the implementation of the developed recommendations, based on the created model, for the formation of a special wagon, for operational needs, with the selection of the necessary equipment for the rapid implementation of the 1st stage of localization and liquidation measures.

Цифровая платформа: генезис понятия и место в системе экономической безопасности корпоративной структуры

Within the framework of the conducted research, a scientific question has been resolved concerning the problems of the development of the conceptual and categorical apparatus of the theory of economic security of organizations. Through the use of comparative analysis and synthesis methods, an assessment of the available theoretical framework has been carried out, revealing certain aspects of the “digital platform” category. The following result was obtained: the essential features of the category under consideration were highlighted; the definition of the concepts “digital platform”, “economic security of corporate structures applying the business model of the platform” was inductively derived.

Japanese health and physical education teachers’ positioning in teaching Japanese language learners in high school physical education

ABSTRACT Background In recent years, the number of Japanese Language Learner (JLL) students, or children who speak a language other than Japanese and require Japanese language instruction, has been rapidly increasing in Japanese schools. Successful inclusion of students who use Japanese as a second language in the classroom creates opportunities for all students to engage with multiple languages and learn new cultures, backgrounds, history, and aspects of diversity that help them strengthen their overall cognitive abilities [Sato, T., and S. R. Hodge. 2009. “Asian International Doctoral Students’ Experiences at Two American University: Assimilation, Accommodation, and Resistance.” Journal of Diversity in Higher Education 2(3): 136-148]. In particular, physical education (PE) is considered an academic subject that can be a powerful tool to promote peace, tolerance, and understanding by bringing people together across boundaries, cultures, and religions by promoting the concepts of teamwork, fairness, discipline, and respect for the opponent in a game or activity [Beutler, I. 2008. “Sport Serving Development and Peace: Achieving the Goals of the United Nations Through Sport.” Sport in Society 11 (4): 359–369]. The purpose of this study is to describe and explain Japanese high school health and physical education (HPE) teachers’ positioning of themselves and others, as shown through a storyline, when they teach and assist Japanese Language Learner (JLL) students in academic and social contexts. Participants and setting Seven HPE teachers participated in this study by sharing their thoughts, opinions, and experiences related to teaching JLL students in PE. The teachers had between 3 and 23 years of experience teaching PE, and 2–9 years of experience teaching JLL students in high school PE. Research design This study utilized a descriptive-qualitative design using an in-depth, semi-structured interview approach [Seidman, I. 2019. Interviewing as Qualitative Research: A Guide for Researchers in Education and the Social Sciences. 5th ed. New York: Teacher College Press]. A constant comparative analysis method was used to analyze the data. In this study, the process of constantly comparing data from several sources led to tentative categories that were compared to each other and to other data in order to construct categories. In this study, meaningful narrative phrases were those related to PE pedagogical content and teacher development. Findings Explainable by concepts in positioning theory [Harré, R., and L. van Langenhove. 1999. “The Dynamics of Social Episodes.” In Positioning Theory: Moral Contexts of Intentional Action, edited by R. Harré, and L. van Langenhove, 1–13. Oxford: Blackwell], three major interrelated and complex themes emerged from the data analysis: (a) teachers’ positioning in securing a safe learning environment for JLL students in PE, (b) teachers’ dilemma in assessing JLL students’ learning outcomes based on performance assessments and written exams in PE, and (c) teachers’ positioning in their responsibilities as both teacher and host parent. To enhance the quality of PE classes, school districts need clear and focused goals related to assessment and evaluation, instructional planning, and responsibilities involved in teaching JLL students.

Assessing economic landscapes: city rankings (2010–2022)

Urban assessment is crucial for understanding the dynamics of city development, identifying areas for improvement, and formulating targeted policies to enhance the quality of life for residents. This study focuses on evaluating Kazakhstan’s megacities across nine indicators grouped into financial and economic condition, business development, and living standards. Using comparative analysis and ranking methods, the study assesses budgetary allocations, population dynamics, industrial growth, and the impact of strategic investments on urban development. Drawing on current economic and demographic trends, the study examines the role of cities as drivers of economic growth and highlights the importance of addressing social and economic inequalities. Through a literature review, the study contextualizes the findings within the broader discourse on urbanization and economic development, emphasizing the need for nuanced strategies to address regional disparities. Methodologically, a rating system based on quantitative indicators from 2010 to 2022 is employed, with a heatmap visualization to illustrate city rankings across various indicators. Using aggregated data on key economic indicators, the cities were classified into three categories: high-ranking, mid-ranking and low-ranking. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of urban development in Kazakhstan and provides insights for policy formulation aimed at promoting sustainable and inclusive growth across its megacities. The city ranking analysis depicts a varied economic landscape in Kazakhstani cities. High-ranked cities exhibit robust economic performance with low poverty rates, strong average salaries, and active retail trade, hinting at promising business prospects. Mid-ranked cities show mixed performances, while low-ranked cities face considerable economic challenges, including higher poverty, lower salaries, and potential declines in trade.

Выстраивание механизма внутренних коммуникаций участников закупочного процесса государственного учреждения здравоохранения.

The relevance of the work is determined by the need to optimize the procurement process in state medical institutions to improve the quality and efficiency of medical services provided. The subject of the study is the socio-economic interactions between participants in the procurement process, including preparation, implementation, and monitoring of procurement agreements. The purpose of the study is to identify and systematize the main problems in the field of procurement activities of public medical institutions and develop proposals for solving them based on the principles of cost-effectiveness, transparency and fairness. Materials and methods. The study includes a comprehensive analysis of current regulations governing procurement activities, as well as a study of the experience of implementing procurement procedures in medical institutions. Methods of comparative analysis, systematization and synthesis of the obtained data are used to identify key problems and challenges. Results. The work identified the main problems associated with the procurement process in medical institutions, including shortcomings in the regulatory framework, lack of a clear distribution of responsibilities between participants in the process and ineffective management decisions. Proposals were developed to optimize the procurement process, including adapting procurement models to the size and specificity of the activities of institutions, improving the documentation of the distribution of responsibilities and using digital technologies to improve the monitoring and management of procurement. Conclusions. Optimization of the procurement process in state medical institutions requires a comprehensive approach, including improving the legislative framework, enhancing interaction between structural units, and applying modern technologies to increase transparency and efficiency of procurement activities. These measures will not only help eliminate existing problems but also ensure higher quality and availability of medical services. Application of results. The results of the work can be applied in the healthcare system at the level of state medical institutions for the development and implementation of effective procurement models. They can also be used in the development of regulatory documents regulating procurement in the healthcare sector, as well as in the educational process for training specialists in procurement and logistics management in medical institutions.

Xue Baochai and Marya Bolkonskaya: a comparative analysis of the characters of the novels of Cao Xueqin and Leo Tolstoy

The article is devoted to the comparison of the images of the characters of Xue Baochai in Cao Xueqin's novel "The Dream in the Red Chamber" and Marya Bolkonskaya in Leo Tolstoy's epic "War and Peace". In Cao Xueqin's novel, a full-fledged image of Xue Baochai was created as the "ideal woman" in relation to traditional society. In the novel by L. N. Tolstoy, among a number of female images, the essence of which is revealed through the "dialectic of the soul", Marya Bolkonskaya is a woman with a kind heart and strong religious beliefs. To date, there have been no attempts in literary studies to compare the formation of a female characters in Russian and Chinese literature. It seems possible to compare two female characters in terms of their appearance and psychological traits, the philosophical ideas of the authors, as well as to identify the problem of the influence of the historical period in which the characters live. When writing the article, the method of comparative analysis was used, this allowed to identify the common and special in literary works. Using this method, similar life paths of the characters of the novels and different ways of depicting them were revealed. The novelty of the research lies in an attempt to compare the images of the characters of two literary masterpieces describing different eras and countries. The main conclusions of the author of the article are as follows: Cao Xueqin, who was influenced by traditional Chinese ideas, created a complex and tragic image of Xue Baochai and revealed the nature of the position of a woman within the framework of feudal social relations; L. N. Tolstoy, in the process of creating the image of Mary Bolkonskaya, followed Christian ideals, endowing the character with virtues; Due to the difference of the authors' life experiences and ideological views, as well as the socio-economic conditions of their formation and development, the fates of the characters of their works also differ.

Memahami Pluralitas Kemanusiaan dalam Pandangan Axel Honneth dan Y.B. Mangunwijaya

Indonesia’s rich tapestry of religion, culture, tribe, race, and ethnicity has led to a diverse and pluralistic society. However, over time, this diversity has been scrutinized, and instances of radicalism and violence in the name of religion and belief have become more frequent. To address these issues, the perspectives of Axel Honneth and Y.B. Mangunwijaya offer valuable insights into fostering humanitarian attitudes through the adaptation process. This study employs literature review and comparative analysis methods. Findings indicate that embracing plurality with a focus on human values is crucial for cultivating personal awareness of individual dignity. This awareness is essential for bridging divides and dismantling barriers that threaten national unity. Continuous conflict will persist if differences are always viewed with suspicion rather than as a source of richness. As Mangunwijaya noted, a nation cannot mature if it perceives differences as problems rather than assets. To advance towards a mature society, human values must underpin religious teachings, as this is the path to unity and peace. Similarly, Axel Honneth emphasizes the importance of recognition in overcoming social injustices and achieving liberation.

ЕКОНОМІЧНИЙ АНАЛІЗ РІВНЯ ІННОВАЦІЙНОГО РОЗВИТКУ ЗАКЛАДІВ КУЛЬТУРИ АЗЕРБАЙДЖАНУ

Existing management mechanisms, such as planning and programming for the development of the cultural sector, despite their complexity and widespread use in the practice of managing the sociocultural sphere, do not provide sustainable results that can be achieved in the cultural sector in the context of the implementation of reforms in the budgetary sector and the use of programmatic financing of culture . It is absolutely necessary to develop and apply innovative technologies in the management process, taking into account the complexity of the tasks facing cultural subjects in connection with the adaptation of self-justifying management mechanisms, as well as taking into account the needs of a post-industrial (information) society, as well as updating the consumer audience of cultural products and services. The use of an integrated approach to the formation of innovative management mechanisms will improve management efficiency, as well as ensure the development of innovative processes both in the sphere of culture in general and in its individual subjects.The purpose of the article is to develop scientific and methodological recommendations for innovation models based on the use of integrated approaches in managing cultural enterprises and supporting development, as well as to study theoretical and methodological problems in the systematization of these methods. The methodological basis of the research in the article is the scientific work of the authors in the field of economics of culture, innovation management, management in the field of culture, as well as social partnership. The research was carried out on the basis of general scientific methods of research - a systematic approach, analysis and synthesis, methods of typological and comparative analysis, empirical methods.The object of the study is the sphere of culture, which needs conditions in which organizational and financial reforms are carried out, as well as the development and application of innovative management methods.The hypothesis of the study. In general, there is a great practical demand for research activities aimed at the relevance of the dissertation research topic, the development of the main directions and strategic priorities of the national economy of the cultural sphere of the region. The same can be said about the priorities of strategic management and the main directions of the regional industrial component, that those priorities and directions that we mentioned determine the goal, objectives, subject and object of this research work, presented on the basis of an assessment of the increased effectiveness of the management system for the development of the cultural sector municipal districts of the region. Presentation of the main material.The scientific novelty of the results of the research carried out by the authors is as follows: the essence of strategic management of the cultural sphere is determined as a targeted activity to create socio-economic and legal conditions for the regular and balanced development of the cultural space and meeting the needs of the population for cultural services; Methodological recommendations have been developed to improve the effectiveness of the process of strategic management of the regional cultural sector based on the implementation of promising management effects in the process of industry development.The originality and practical significance of thestudy.The practical significance of the article lies in the fact that the developed software-design method and the multidimensional assessment method can be applied in order to increase the innovative effects obtained from project activities in the sociocultural sphere. The practical significance of the article is also determined by the use of theoretical and methodological works proposed by state bodies and local governments, as well as the possibility of their use by the heads of economic entities of the specified region in the process of forming measures that can ensure the sustainable development of the cultural sphere of the region.Conclusions.The scientific novelty of the research results lies in the fact that scientific and methodological recommendations have been developed for improving and applying models of innovative management in the field of culture, and the use of an appropriate mechanism has been proposed to increase the innovative effect of the project program.Recommendations are given for optimizing management strategies in the field of culture for its further development.

Supporting Reading as a Useful Leisure Practice for Children of the Digital Era

The aim of the article is to study the state of reading as a leisure practice in the context of the rapid development of technologies, and to determine prospects for stimulating interest in extracurricular reading, which will also correspond to the provisions of the state policy for the reading development in Ukraine. Research methods. Scientific methods of analysis, synthesis and comparison are used in this research in order to achieve the specified aim, which made it possible to assess the state of leisure reading among school-age children, and to present modern practices in terms of its promotion. Methods of systematic and comparative analysis are also used to generalise the research results. Analytical grouping (categorisation) is used to classify data from the sociological study on children’s leisure time by gender. Correlational and factor analyses of statistical data of the all- Ukrainian sociological research conducted by LLC “Info Sapiens International” as a part of the project “Supporting the promotion of reading in Ukraine” with the support of the International Foundation “Renaissance” and the Ukrainian Book Institute are made. Scientific novelty. It consists in identifying the leisure practices of school-age children by gender through the processing and analysis of sociological information and its differences interpretation. Its consideration in directions of popularising book reading will contribute to the formation of the reading habit. Main conclusions. In the context of the rapid development of technology, extracurricular reading is inferior to other forms of leisure, such as video games, social networks, video content consumption. A modern approach to extracurricular reading requires an analysis of the best practices of the current leisure industry. A basis of this approach is a strategic development of complex solutions that take into account both traditional and digital formats of reading, which are adapted to rapid technological changes. Special attention is paid to gender aspects and the integration of elements known to children through video games in order to increase general interest in reading. The introduction of gamification and interactivity elements have to ensure a harmonious combination of reading as a traditional form of leisure with the advantages of modern digital technologies. Such a synthesis of traditional and innovative methods is designed to provide balanced leisure time for children, to support the culture of reading in conditions of rapid digital technologies development, and to correspond to the provisions of the state policy for the reading development in Ukraine.

Internationalization of Clusters: A Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) of Township Industrial Clusters

This study aims to examine the internationalization of clusters, a driving force of the rising of multinational firms from emerging markets. We explored the question from the knowledge and relational dimension of clusters. We examine how the configuration of four factors, namely, component knowledge, architecture knowledge, horizontal competition, and vertical coordination, within a cluster jointly affect the degree of cluster internationalization by utilizing the Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) method. Using Data of 34 township clusters in Suzhou City, China, we identified three models that lead to a high cluster internationalization level.

Album of animated drawings as an innovative means of teaching algebra in the digital environment of bilingual students

Introduction. Digitalization of education has opened up new opportunities for the development and application of the didactic potential of digital technologies in teaching algebra in the context of bilingualism. This determined the purpose of this work, which is to create a methodological system for teaching algebra to bilingual students and an album of animated drawings in a digital environment. Scientific and pedagogical research focuses on the problem of mathematical training of schoolchildren in the context of bilingualism. From the point of view of improving the quality of education, it is advisable to rely on visual-figurative and associative thinking developed by bilingual students. Materials and methods. The experimental study involved 50 students of the seventh grade of gymnasium No. 5 in the city of Kyzyl, Republic of Tyva (Russian Federation). The methods of comparative analysis of scientific, pedagogical and methodological sources, empirical and statistical methods (Student's t-test) are applied. Results. A methodological system for teaching algebra to bilingual students using an album of animated drawings in a digital environment has been developed. An album of animated drawings is presented, implemented in the form of an electronic training course in the electronic learning system of Tuvan State University and the results of its application in teaching algebra to bilingual students. As a result of the experiment, it was revealed that in the absence of statistically significant differences in the control and experimental groups at the time of the initial control, since tэмп = 2,00 < tкр = 2,01, during the final control, tэмп = 2,80 > tкр = 2,01 at the significance level p < 0,05. This indicates that the compared groups are significantly different and the experimental hypothesis about the effectiveness of using an album of animated drawings as an innovative means of teaching seventh grade algebra in the digital environment of bilingual students is confirmed. Conclusion. The use of an album of animated drawings as an innovative means of teaching algebra in the digital environment of bilingual students of the seventh grade of the Republic of Tyva increases the effectiveness of learning by increasing the clarity of algebraic concepts and statements, reducing the amount of non-essential calculations, as well as the use of mechanisms for rapid assessment of learning outcomes using a developed system of bilingual prompts. The proposed learning tool forms and develops an experimental research style of learning.

Assessment of Income Differentiation of Different-Sized Households in Poland

The household is the basic economic unit that participates in both economic and social life. It must generate income, the level of which may change over time and vary depending on the size of the household. The aim of the research was to assess the scale of differentiation of household income in Poland in the years 2014-2021 due to their size. The study used the comparative analysis method. Secondary data on disposable income per person in the household was compared. The variation in income in particular years was examined using the classic coefficient of variation. In the years under study, in each type of household (taking into account its size), disposable income increased, with a higher growth rate recorded by larger households. In all years, the size of the farm significantly differentiated the level of disposable income of households, and this differentiation showed a decreasing trend.

ANALYSIS OF RISK MANAGEMENT TERMINOLOGY IN EMPLOYEE HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

An analysis of the main provisions and terms in accordance with domestic and international standards in the field of occupational health and safety of employees (hereinafter referred to as OSH) and risk management was carried out in order to avoid different interpretations in the draft Law on Occupational Safety and Health of Employees. To achieve this goal, the continuous sampling method, the descriptive method, the method of analyzing dictionary definitions, the method of word formation analysis, and the comparative method of component analysis were used. The study was conducted in four stages: analysis of the literature on occupational safety and health protection of workers; selection of terms for analysis; analysis of approaches to defining the concepts of "term", "terminology", analysis of lexical-semantic and structural features of terms; formation of general conclusions and prospects for further research. The justification of the change in the definitions of the main terms in OSH was carried out. It is proposed to present OSH at work as a part of the overall management system of the employer's activities, which is aimed at creating safe working conditions for employees and preserving their health by managing occupational risks. We recommend adding the concept of accident to the terms in the draft Law of Ukraine on occupational safety and health of workers, since the Procedure for Investigations and The Civil Protection Code of Ukraine defines the specified term. It is proposed to define occupational risk as a combination of the probability of occurrence of a work-related hazardous event(s) or exposure(s) and the severity of injury and health impairment that may be caused by this event(s) or exposure(s); occupational risk assessment as a process of comparing the results of occupational risk analysis with risk criteria to determine whether the occupational risk and/or its magnitude is acceptable (acceptable); occupational risk management is preventive and protective measures that reduce and/or modify (change) occupational risk to an acceptable (acceptable) level. The justification of the semantic load of the most used terms in the field of occupational safety and health protection of workers: risk, risk management, acceptable risk, dangerous event, incident was carried out for their qualitative use in the draft Law on Occupational Safety and Health of Workers. Recommendations for the description of terms and definitions for the draft Law of Ukraine on occupational safety and health of workers have been developed.

도시문화를 기반으로 한 상하이 부산 관광상품 비교 연구

Tourist souvenirs carry rich regional history, culture and cultural heritage, and play an important role in shaping regional cultural brands, inheriting urban culture, and promoting urban innovation and consumption vitality. Shanghai and Busan, as international cities, take tourist souvenirs as an important way to spread urban culture. The purpose of this study is to explore the development path and characteristics of tourist souvenirs under different urban cultural backgrounds, learn from each other to jointly promote the spread of urban culture, and adopt the methods of literature collection and comparative analysis. This paper first investigated the basic cultural characteristics of the two cities, carefully compared the historical integration and modern innovation, through research perfume, straw, folk dance, film festival cases, comparison analyzes the commercialization of Shanghai tourism souvenir, marketization characteristics, busan Marine culture, multicultural characteristics, respect different souvenir design and cultural communication strategy differences, both successfully shaped their city image, improve the city cultural soft power. In the future, the two places can learn from each other to further enrich the cultural connotation of souvenirs and promote the international dissemination of urban culture.

Financial aspects of the functioning of executive agencies in Poland

Public tasks are carried out by entities forming the public finance sector. The article focuses on executive agencies and has been limited to the financial aspects of their functioning. The aim of the study is to determine the sources of financing of executive agencies operating in Poland and the share of subsidies from the state budget in them. The comparative descriptive analysis method was used in the study. The first part of the article is theoretical in nature. It presents the general principles of financial management of executive agencies as well as the specificity of the operation of individual agencies and the sources of their revenues. In the empirical part, the financial data of executive agencies for the years 2020-2022 was analysed. The total financial condition of the study group should be assessed positively. The analysis of the generated revenues, including subsidies from the state budget and the financial result, showed a significant differentiation of this group of public finance sector entities in the examined area.

PASSIVE DESIGNS AND THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF THE TEMPLES IN THE WARM-HUMID CLIMATIC ZONE OF SOUTH INDIA

Religious beliefs, traditional wisdoms, rituals, and cultural practices all play an important part in environmental and biodiversity protection. Conservation of environment and natural resources has long been an element of cultural ethics that can be observed in the vernacular architecture of India, practiced in different parts of the country. The Indian Temple architecture is a manifestation of these socio-cultural-environmental values which are conceptualized and constructed in unique ways integrating passive features which keeps on educating and inspiring generations after generations. These timeless Temples through their passive architectural elements and harmonic aesthetic qualities enable the societies to perceive themselves as part of a spiritual network and to connects them to their biophysical surroundings. Hence, the present research explores the passive architectural features and thermal performance of the naturally ventilated south Indian Temples, located in warm and humid climate zone, and how these passive features can be implemented in the present day’s buildings to achieve thermal comfort. The research deploys a qualitative descriptive comparative analysis method. It delves into case studies of two Temples located in Kerala, having warm-humid climate, to investigate the passive architectural features and thermal performance. Data collection is done through field visits to these two Temples: Iringole Kaavu Bhagavathy Temple (old) and Thottuva Temple (new). Measurements of environmental parameters are also collected during field-surveys. The study concludes that the adaptation of passive architectural features, in response to the local climatic conditions, are paramount and beneficial to improve the thermal performance of the structures and thermal comfort of the users. Hence, it is argued that the passive climate-responsive architectural features of the south Indian Temples, suitable to the local geoclimatic and cultural conditions, need to be continued to follow in the present and future generation of buildings.

Президентские выборы как показатель внутриполитической стабильности в РФ: федеральные и региональные аспекты

Subject. Presidential elections as an indicator of internal political stability in the Russian Federation. Purpose. Identification of factors of political stability in the Russian society capable to influence the electoral behavior of citizens, their attitude to various political institutions and actors, as well as affect the results of presidential elections. Results. The processes that took place during the election of the President of the Russian Federation since the beginning of the 2000s were considered. Based on the data of the Central Electoral Commission, the results of voting for the country as a whole and for individual regions were analyzed. It was noted that the ability to overcome difficulties at crucial moments for the state predetermined certain victories of V.V. Putin in elections. Methodology. The article uses general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, method of comparative analysis, system and structural-functional approaches, statistical method. Scope. The results of the study can be applied in the practical activities of public politicians, state and municipal government bodies, in the development of general and special courses in political science, conflict science, national and regional security, political regionalism. Findings. The stability of the functioning of the structured political system and the high percentage of voters in the presidential elections clearly lie in effective action to ensure the well-being of citizens, the traditions of the national political culture.

Comparative analysis of single-board computers for the development of a microarchitectural computing system for fire detection

Objectives. The purpose of the work is to select the basic computing microplatform of the onboard microarchitectural computing complex for the detection of anomalous situations in the territory of the Republic of Belarus from space on the basis of artificial intelligence methods.Methods. The method of comparative analysis is used to select a computing platform. A series of performance tests and comparative analysis (benchmarking) are performed on the selected equipment. The methods of comparative and benchmarking analysis are performed in accordance with the terms of reference to the current project.Results. A comparative analysis and performance testing of Raspberry Pi 4 Model B and Cool Pi 4 Model B single-board computers, as well as AI-accelerator Google Coral USB Accelerator with Google Edge TPU have been performed. The comparative analysis showed that Raspberry Pi 4 Model B and Cool Pi 4 Model B fully meet the terms of reference to the current project. At the same time Cool Pi 4 Model B handles neural network calculations well, but four times slower than similar calculations on Google Coral USB Accelerator. Neural network computations on the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B are 22 times slower than similar computations on the Google Coral USB Accelerator. Cool Pi 4 Model B outperforms Raspberry Pi 4 Model B by the factor of two to three for data copying and compression and almost six times faster for neural network computations.Conclusion. Despite the fact that Raspberry Pi 4 Model B meets the terms of reference to the project as a computational basis, when developing an on-board microarchitectural computing system for detecting anomalous situations, it is worth using more powerful alternatives with built-in AI-accelerators (e.g., Radxa Rock 5 Model A) or with an additional external AI-accelerator (e.g., a combination of Cool Pi 4 Model B and Google Coral USB Accelerator). Using a Raspberry Pi 4 Model B with an additional AI-accelerator is also acceptable and will speed up computations by several dozen times. AI-accelerators provide the fastest neural network computations, but there are features related to the novelty of the technology that will be explored in further development.

Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Children with Hereditary Diseases (Review of Literature, Clinical Case Report)

Introduction. The majority of studies on disturbed neurodevelopment in children focus on psychiatric or psychological-pedagogical issues, but the genetic component of pathology also occupies an important place, in which is important to conduct genetic investigation to verify hereditary pathology, and to identify target organs inherent in particular hereditary disease. The aim of the study. To conduct a review of current literature dedicated to the problem of impaired neurodevelopment in children with hereditary diseases, to describe a clinical case of A. Rett genetic syndrome, accompanied by impaired neurodevelopment in a child. Materials and methods. The method of systematic and comparative analysis, as well as the biblio-semantic method of studying modern views on the influence of hereditary diseases in the disruption of neurodevelopment in children were used. As much as 25 recent publications were analyzed. A clinical case of A. Rett syndrome in a child is described, where the analysis of clinical symptoms and laboratory-instrumental examinations were used, the main of which is the molecular genetic method of next generation sequencing (NGS). Results. Based on the literature analysis it was estimated that clinical cases of rare A. Rett syndrome in children occur with a frequency of 1:10.000-1:15.000. This syndrome is caused by a mutation in the MECP2 gene associated with X-linked A. Rett syndrome/atypical A. Rett syndrome (UID MedGen: 48441) or X-linked MECP2 duplication syndrome (MedGen: 337496). Conclusions. For a long time, the connection of impaired neurodevelopment with other clinical symptoms was not payed much attention, but the enhanced frequency of cases when a child with impaired neurodevelopment was diagnosed with other symptoms or a multisystem lesion stimulated research in this area. This is the story how the term ″syndromal autism″ was born. This term means developmental delay or autism spectrum disorder in children with symptoms of another hereditary disease.

Влияние рынка санаторно-курортных услуг на развитие экономики Казахстана

The purpose of writing the article was to consider the authors of the current state and development of the market of spa services in Kazakhstan, which has a significant impact on the sustainable development of the country's economy. Currently, in harsh market conditions, the level of competitiveness of spa services suffers first of all, that is, it means the possibility of these services to bring acceptable income to the company and has a significant impact on the sustainable development of this business. Materials and methods: within the framework of a systematic approach, when writing the article, the author applied the principles and methods of complex and comparative analysis, economic and statistical, including graphical, the principle of groupings, etc. Research results: today in the Republic of Kazakhstan there are all the economic prerequisites for the development of sanatorium-resort services, where natural resources and space have served as the basis for the development of the economy of sanatorium-resort tourism in the country. In the republic, you can find all the main types of sanatoriumresort institutions that use comprehensive rehabilitation, treatment, recovery and prevention programs. The authors analyzed and studied the main types of health resorts of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the economic component of the current state of the market of sanatorium-resort services in Kazakhstan, the structure of public spending on paid services in the field of sanatorium-resort organizations in Kazakhstan, determining the positions of the regions of Kazakhstan on sanatorium-resort organizations, etc. The main problems hindering the development of sanatorium-resort services were also highlighted and the characteristic features of the sanatorium-resort services market that distinguish it from other markets were highlighted. It is worth noting that the importance of modern activities of sanatoriumresort enterprises in tourism is due to the long and rich traditions of domestic balneology, based on strict scientific approaches to organization and high professionalism in the implementation of sanatoriumresort services.