Comparative Analysis Method Research Articles

Technological Aspects of using 3D Printing Software in Construction

The relevance of introducing additive technologies of 3D printing in construction is to decrease the technological cycle of construction, and minimize expenditure and material costs, while reducing the duration of the development planning process and execution, eliminating inaccuracies and defects, as well as optimizing and automate the process. The technological aspect of 3D printing lies in the optimal selection of parameters based on the created 3D model using effective software. The purpose of the study is to determine the quality indicators of bricks obtained by 3D printing from special concrete. The approach to investigating this matter is rooted in ascertaining the compressive strength of concrete through non-invasive testing techniques, gauging the density of concrete using measurement methods, and validating the efficacy of integrating 3D printing technologies in construction by the method of comparative analysis. The effectiveness of introducing additive technologies of 3D printing was proven drawing upon quality indicators of concrete obtained on a 3D printer which meets all the requirements necessary for its implementation in the construction field. The selected characteristics of concrete compressive strength are fundamental to the basics of selecting a brand of concrete to be utilized in construction. The selected software demonstrated the capacity to generate flawless 3D designs. The result of the study shows a significant reduction in the number of workers involved in the construction process by 38–45%, depending on the chosen method of using 3D printing; a decrease of construction time by 33–42% when printing individual elements, blocks used in production, and by 61–72% when using a printer directly on the construction site; reduction of raw materials costs by 14–28%; as well as reduction of construction downtime by 25%. The results obtained indicate the need to develop and enhance progressive additive technologies for 3D printing in construction.

The Driving Factors and Path Selection for the Development Level of China’s Mariculture—A Dynamic Analysis Based on the TOE Framework

Mariculture is a key practice to promote the supply-side reform of fishery, and it is of strategic significance to explore the causes and paths of its high-level development. Based on the TOE (Technology-Organization-Environment) theoretical framework and the configuration methodology, this paper adopts the dynamic qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) method and panel data from 10 coastal provinces and cities in China from 2013 to 2021 to explore the configuration effects of six antecedents, namely, the intensity of technology promotion, investment in scientific research, personnel specialization, industry intensification, nearshore water quality, and offshore pollution discharge, along temporal and spatial dimensions, on the level of mariculture development. The results show that (1) individual driving factors do not constitute the necessary conditions for a high level of mariculture industry development, but the necessity of the three conditions—research funding, industry intensification and nearshore seawater quality—shows a general increasing trend; and (2) the results of the path analysis show that a total of seven configuration paths for a high level of development are generated, which can be further classified into “organization-led and technology synergistic”, “technology-organization-environment multiple-driven type”, and “technology-environment dual-driven type”. Based on the panel data, this study explores the impact of spatial and temporal changes in factor combinations on the development level of mariculture and provides a theoretical basis and practical insights for the development of locally adapted execution pathways.

Algorithms and Human Rights: The Impact of AI Technology on the Protection of Individual Rights

This study examines the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms on the protection of individual rights, with a focus on transparency and accountability. The research aims to analyze how regulations like the GDPR in the European Union influence AI decision-making processes to safeguard human rights. Using a comparative legal analysis method, this research investigates the role of prospective and retrospective transparency in ensuring that AI systems operate ethically and fairly. The results highlight that transparency significantly enhances accountability and user rights, particularly in preventing discrimination and promoting security. The study concludes that collaboration among policymakers, developers, and users is critical to aligning AI technologies with human rights principles, ultimately fostering more equitable and secure outcomes.

An empirical study of feature extraction for Hubei folk art of carved paper-cutting.

Excellent traditional culture is the root and soul of a nation, which is the carrier of historical precipitation and continuous development. In this aspect, Hubei folk art of carved paper-cutting has important cultural value and historical significance in the composition of Chinese traditional culture, which is a national intangible cultural heritage under key protection and urgently needs to be carried forward. This paper carried out an empirical study using the survey and comparative analysis methods on the feature extraction for Hubei folk art of carved paper-cutting. Through investigation and comparative analysis of vast artworks of Hubei carved paper-cutting, the classics are selected as the representative to extract the regional characteristics, the artistic values, and the composition and modelling methods. Results indicate that the common features exist on the artistic values in beautification of life and education, the composition principles of central-based, symmetry, balanced or conformal, and the modelling techniques using Yin and Yang carving, unobstructive perspective, distortion and exaggeration. However, the regional features in cultural expression, folklore communication, modelling skills are apparent and strong interlinked with the regional historical development in social activities, labor productivity and surrounding environment. This study provides a multi-dimensional perspective for the modern inheritance and development of traditional Hubei artworks of carved paper-cutting with specified characteristics.

Regional Development Policies in Afghanistan and Neighboring Countries: A Comparative Analysis

This essay explores the regional development policies applied in Afghanistan and its neighboring countries using a comparative qualitative analysis method. It focuses on infrastructure development, human capital investment, regional integration, and technological innovation policies. It compares development policies in China, Iran, Pakistan, and Afghanistan highlighting key projects which have fostered regional connectivity and economic growth. By comparing these policies, the essay evaluates how these initiatives have contributed to reducing regional disparities. This study aims to provide insights into how regional development policies can address Afghanistan’s socio-economic disparities and promote sustainable development. Despite notable successes, the research identifies ongoing challenges such as political instability, limited financial resources, and weak regional cooperation that impede further progress in Afghanistan. Key policy recommendations for Afghanistan include enhancing regional cooperation, investing in technological infrastructure, and developing human capital to achieve sustainable growth and stability.

Dynamic assessment and pathway optimization of agricultural modernization in China under the sustainability framework: An empirical study based on dynamic QCA analysis

Accelerating agricultural modernization is vital for achieving sustainable agricultural development and ensuring food security. This paper uses the comprehensive evaluation model to measure the level of agricultural modernization in 30 provinces of China from 2012 to 2022. It inspects analyzes the spatial-temporal characteristics and regional differences through the Moran Index and Dagum Gini coefficient. Lastly, based on the configuration perspective, the dynamic qualitative comparative analysis method (QCA) is used to clarify the multiple improvement paths of China's agricultural modernization. The results indicate the following. First, China's agricultural modernization level is not high but has the potential for rapid growth. Regarding spatial distribution, the eastern region has the highest agricultural modernization level, followed by the central region, while the western region has the lowest level, showing a “high-high-low-low” clustering characteristic. Second, the overall disparity in China's agricultural modernization level is fluctuating and declining, with regional differences being the primary source of the overall disparity. The largest difference is between the eastern and western regions. Within regions, the western region has the largest internal disparity, but this disparity is gradually decreasing, whereas the gap in agricultural modernization level within the eastern region is continuously expanding. Third, the paths to improve China's agricultural modernization consist of multiple antecedent conditions. From the configuration perspective, there are four paths to enhance China's agricultural modernization level. These include the dual-strategy approach of “technology and policy,” the comprehensive tri-strategy model of “technology, market, and policy,” the synergistic enhancement model combining “technology and market,” and the multi-faceted core-driven approach.

Public non‐financial reporting: Reflection of environmental aspects of development and activities of economic entities

The article considers economically significant information reflected in public non‐financial reporting, enabling reflection on the environmental aspects of an organization's development. The analysis aims to articulate problems in the disclosure economically significant information in public non‐financial reporting due to a significant difference between national and international requirements in terms of the environmental aspects of development.In the process of conducting this study, a monograph (descriptive) research method, a system analysis method and a comparative analysis method were used.The results of the study confirmed the need to improve environmental reporting as part of the development of the concept of non‐public financial reporting, while authors emphasising the need to develop the composition and content of environmental reporting, taking into account the integration of financial and non‐financial reporting. The application of the approaches outlined in the article allowed the generation of more transparent information for all interested users regarding the environmental activities of companies and will bring national and international standards closer to application.The environmental reporting of companies and its components are proposed as part of the development of the concept of public non‐ financial reporting.

Sustainability of the real sector of the Russian economy: Economic security and sanctions realities

Aim. To investigate the essence of the real sector of the Russian economy and identify the features of its impact on achieving economic security under sanctions.Objectives. To determine the essence of the real sector of the economy and assess its contribution to the stability of the national economy under sanctions; to identify the stages of development of the real sector of the Russian economy; to form an approach to regulating the real sector in the context of achieving economic security.Methodology. The research uses methods of comparative, structural, functional, and historical (retrospective) analysis, as well as tools of systemic and institutional approaches.Results. The real sector of the economy includes the production of goods and services, its functioning is associated with the creation of new value. This distinguishes it from the virtual and financial sectors where real, tangible goods are not created and where, in fact, the product formed in the real sector is redistributed. In crisis conditions, the developed real sector serves as the basis for the functioning of the economy and the satisfaction of basic economic needs, its stability determines national economic security.Conclusions. In modern conditions, characterized by sanctions pressure on Russia from unfriendly countries, the real sector of the economy plays an important role in ensuring the stability of the country’s economy as a whole. Its dynamics largely determines protection against traditional and new (sanctions-related) threats and risks to economic security. At the same time, there is a need for government support and regulation of the development of the real sector, which is associated with many different difficulties. To increase the effectiveness of this regulation, a permanent search for a balance between the use of planned and market instruments is required, the development of a mixed system of economic regulation that combines the tools of market and planned approaches. This will make it possible for the state to flexibly and adaptively manage the process of ensuring national economic security.

Identifying the antecedents for the green transformation of resource-exhausted cities in China

To address the issue of green transformation in resource-exhausted cities, this study employs the Policy Modeling Consistency (PMC) index model to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the effectiveness of support policies execution at both central and local levels, covering 16 policies at the different administrative levels. Meanwhile, utilizing the fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) method, the study investigates the interaction mechanisms and effects of various internal and external factors in the context of policy coordination, from the perspective of green transformation condition configurations. The findings reveal that the overall effect of supporting policies for resource-exhausted cities in China is generally commendable. Moreover, there is a notable characteristic that “the lower the administrative level, the higher the quality of the support policies”. Notably, organizational, technological, environmental, and policy conditions alone cannot solely facilitate the green transition of resource-exhausted cities. Instead, it is the harmonious configuration of these antecedents that drives successful green transformation. Additionally, the configuration of antecedent conditions for green transformation exhibits the heterogeneity of different types. Specifically, the eastern region primarily relies on technological innovation and production process improvement, while the central region focuses on both production process improvement and support policy combinations. By contrast, the western region primarily emphasizes support policy combinations and the fostering of environmental conditions. Furthermore, the green transformation of resource-exhausted cities with coal and oil types mainly depends on the combination of policy support and technological innovation. Metal, forestry, and other types of resource-exhausted cities rely on the upgrading and advancement of industrial structures. In the grouped analysis of administrative level, innovation capability, and distance to the provincial capital city, cities with higher administrative levels, higher innovation capabilities, and closer proximity to the provincial capital city are more likely to achieve green transformation. Thereby, this study emphasizes the critical role of support policies and the identification of effective pathways in promoting the green transformation of resource-exhausted cities.

O legado clássico de Horácio em Sá de Miranda e Ricardo Reis

In Portuguese literature, revisitations of Classical Antiquity, particularly the Greek philosophical doctrines of Stoicism and Epicureanism, as well as the literary genres cultivated in Latin literature by Horace, are projected onto Sá de Miranda, in the Renaissance period, and onto the modernist avant-garde heteronym of Fernando Pessoa, Ricardo Reis. Themes such as carpe diem, exegi monumentum, and non usitata, in the manner of Horace, are reactualized in the works of Portuguese poets. The aurea mediocritas, the awareness of the inexorable passage of time, and the conception of utile et dulce are constant thematic and theoretical elements that resonate in Sá de Miranda and Ricardo Reis, although modified by the reasons of time. To carry out this study, hermeneutic and comparative methods of analysis are applied to the works of Sá de Miranda and Pessoa in order to scrutinize the similarities and differences of the authors with Horace.

The French-language translated book of Russia of the second third of the 18th century: features of the repertoire and importance for book culture

Importance. The beginning of the process of interaction between Russian and French book cultures was laid by the era of the Europeanisation of Peter I. The Russian autocrat tirelessly sought to bring his country among the leading countries of the world, to smooth out the difference between Russia and the West. The nobility, the most educated stratum of society at that time, was to become the main conductor of the reformer’s advanced aspirations. The aim of the research is to study the significance for the Russian book culture of the French–language translated book of the second third of the 18th century.Materials and Methods. The comparative historical method makes it possible to establish the correlation of the role of French literature in the distribution of printed materials in the Russian Empire. The use of the comparative analysis method, which made it possible to comprehensively study the role of foreign literature in the bookselling process in the Russian Empire of the 18th century, plays an important role in the study.Results and Discussion. The inclusion of a work in the publishing list was conditioned by the community demand, which allows us to speak about the development of the book culture of Russia in the second quarter of the 18th century. In order to capture readers’ mood better, the specialists of the Academy of Sciences found out the specialists’ opinion about publications.Conclusion. By the middle of the 18th century, the Academy of Sciences had prepared translations of valuable treatises on history, literature, mathematics, psychology and pedagogy, enriching Russian book culture with advanced European bestsellers. This period of the Academy’s activity should be regarded as a new stage in the development of book printing in Russia, which created significant prerequisites for the rapid rise of interest in French culture in the second half of the 18th century.

Digital Inclusion Strategy in Modern Cultural Industries through the Prism of Digital Divide

The purpose of the article is to reveal the features of digital inclusion in modern cultural industries of Ukraine and to outline promising strategies for overcoming the digital divide. Research methodology. The analytical method, the method of analysis and synthesis, the dialogical method, the typological method, the systematic method, the method of comparative analysis and the method of scientific generalisation are applied. Scientific novelty. The problem of digital inclusion in the cultural industry has been studied; the theory of digital inclusion in foreign scientific works is considered; the peculiarities of digital inclusion in modern cultural industries of Ukraine were revealed; promising measures on which the strategy for overcoming the digital divide should be based are outlined. Conclusions. The strategy of digital inclusion of cultural industries in Ukraine should be based on a set of measures aimed at overcoming the digital divide, which includes, first of all: providing high-speed Internet to as large a part of the population as possible; all kinds of assistance in the process of improving the digital literacy of potential consumers of a cultural product / service; provision of high-quality technical support; creation of specialised applications and online content, according to the specifics of the activities covered by each cultural industry. Potential forward-looking steps include providing ongoing support to users, reducing professional jargon and offering interpretive resources, and ensuring that technology and training are offered to all users on an equal basis, not just those confident enough to seek help. The study revealed that at the current stage in Ukraine, only libraries not only offer the Internet, but also provide a range of training services from basic digital literacy to the skills needed to use certain services (audio/video streaming service, file sharing services, online platforms), devices and applications that are currently actively used in the system of cultural industries (for example, applications of augmented reality in museum, exhibition activities, performing arts).

СУЧАСНІ СТРУКТУРНІ ЗМІНИ В АГРАРНОМУ СЕКТОРІ ТА ЇХ ВПЛИВ НА ПРОДОВОЛЬЧУ БЕЗПЕКУ КРАЇНИ

. In the article, the author examines the evolution of the role of food security, both at the historical stages of development and in the modern world, as well as its place in the system of ensuring economic and national security of the state. The strategic priority of agrarian policy in most countries was ensuring food security, which was understood primarily as self-sufficiency in food. This became especially relevant in the 50s of the XX century as a result of the fact that military actions violated previously imposed trade relations, and violations in this area arose under the influence of the payment crisis. The purpose of the article is an analysis of modern structural changes in the agricultural sector and their impact on the country's food security. The methodological basis of the research in the article is the scientific work of the authors in the field of economics of culture, innovation management, management in the field of culture, as well as social partnership. The research was carried out on the basis of general scientific methods of research - a systematic approach, analysis and synthesis, methods of typological and comparative analysis, empirical methods. The object of the study is the sphere of culture, which needs conditions in which organizational and financial reforms are carried out, as well as the development and application of innovative management methods. The hypothesis of the study. Currently, all developed countries of the world, including the United States, Japan, and the EU countries, have their own national programs, laws and measures to ensure national food security. Presentation of the main material. The primary tasks of the state in the sphere of regulation of agro-industrial production should be the stabilization and development of agro-industrial production, ensuring food security, improving food security of the population, maintaining economic parity between agriculture and other sectors of the economy, converging income levels of workers in agriculture and industry, protecting domestic producers in the sphere of agro-industrial production. From the point of view of welfare economics, "the problem of food safety and quality is one of the specific features of the functioning of the agricultural market, which determine its equilibrium in a Pareto inefficient state. This, in turn, is the economic basis for the need for state policy intervention in the agricultural sector and the possibility of redistributing the financial resources of society for its development. The originality and practical significance of the study. In our opinion, the existing problem of food security should be considered in the context of economic security, since it concentrates the main directions of agricultural policy and economic reforms in the current market conditions. This process reflects the real trends in the development of agricultural production, the state of the market and the position of consumers in it, determines the degree of involvement and dependence on the world food market, applies the mechanism of state strategy taking into account internal and external factors in order to create the main life support system – food security. Conclusions. Taking into account the interests of economic security and socio-political stability in society, it should be noted that the food and agricultural complexes always remain the most important sectors of the economy. The primary task is to create conditions for economic management and entrepreneurial stability in the agro-food sector of the economy and to ensure state support for producers

The Correlation between the Military Transport Network and the Trans-European Transport Network

Currently, the problem of military transport in the European area is being debated by the leaders of security-generating organizations. The Trans-European Transport Network, although developed for transporting civilian goods and personnel, can be a solution for moving military troops, equipment, and materials in Europe. This article aims to highlight the extent to which the existing corridors on the trans-European transport network correspond to the military transport network and the solutions that could simplify the process of civil-military use of the already existing network. At the same time, the authors intend to correlate the existing elements with those necessary to ensure military mobility in the European area, through the methods of documentary and comparative analysis.

Recreating the Poetics of the Landscape of the Asya Novel by I. S. Turgenev in the Kyrgyz Language

The subject of this study is the Kyrgyz text of the translation of the Asya story and its original. The article uses the method of comparative analysis to compare the style of the Asya story by I. S. Turgenev with his translation into the Kyrgyz language, carried out by professional translator Murzabek Omurzakov, in the aspect of recreating landscape sketches. The purpose of the study is to identify stylistic deviations of the translation text from the original and evaluate the transformation of epithets and lexemes denoting natural phenomena. As a result of the study, it is determined that the artistic originality of the original is not adequately reflected in the translation, and deviations from the stylistic features of the original are identified. Frequent repetitions are indicated, which reduced the beauty and poetry of the original narrative. Also, as a result of the analysis, the attitude of the author of the translation is revealed, which led to the substitution of concepts and epithets; a number of verbs with the meaning of the attribute are weakened and are not reproduced. It was also possible to find out how to convey such aspects of the landscape in the Kyrgyz language as the reflection of light and color shades. The author of the translation, using equivalent lexemes, recreates with maximum accuracy the poetics of the landscape as an artistic form. The results obtained have practical significance in teaching Russian literature courses at schools and universities.

Stimulating tourists’ senses for sustainable destination development: Combining embodied cognition theory and the S-O-R model

Tourists’ environmentally responsible behavior (ERB) is crucial for the sustainable development of destinations, and the external environment can alter individuals’ cognition and behavior through sensory perception. To investigate the impact of the natural environment on tourists’ ERB, a conceptual model was developed and validated from a sensory perspective by integrating the embodied cognition theory and the stimulus-organism-response model. The results of structure equation modeling indicated that, with the exception of auditory perception, tourists’ perceptions through each sense influenced ERB to varying degrees, mediated by memorable tourism experiences (MTEs) and environmental awareness. Additionally, the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis method was employed to identify five distinct configurations associated with high ERB. Notably, MTEs and environmental awareness, driven by sensory perceptions, emerged as critical factors. While all senses played a role, none alone could singularly determine high ERB. The findings reveal the mechanism through which sensory perception influences tourists’ ERB and offer practical insights for destinations to integrate tourism resources by aligning with tourists’ sensory experiences to promote sustainable tourism.

‘진지한 여가’로서 중년여성들의 ‘라인댄스 무용단’ 활동 경험

Objectives The purpose of this study is to explore the experiences of middle-aged women participating in the ‘Line Dance Dance Company’ as a form of serious leisure. Methods This study aimed to understand the value and significance of line dance group activities in participants' lives. It employed a qualitative case study approach, specifically using a descriptive case study method. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with participants involved in line dance group activities. A total of six cases were analyzed using repetitive comparative analysis methods to identify common themes and insights. The study provides a rich and detailed description of the meanings and values that participants derive from their involvement in these activities. Results First, the process of participating in line dance group activities was categorized into ‘glimpsing another world,’ ‘challenging: entering another world,’ ‘showing off oneself,’ and ‘re-challenging: entering another world.’ Through this process, the research participants' experiences can be interpreted as engaging in ‘serious leisure.’ Second, the meaning of the line dance group activity experience was derived as ‘discovering another version of oneself with passion and dedication,’ ‘expanding roles: being able to help,’ ‘restoring life subjectivity: living proactively for a wonderful self,’ and ‘happy life with a goal: preparing to be a wonderful grandmother.’ Conclusions Line dance company activities help participants discover their potential, enhance self-love, and maintain a positive perception of aging. In other words, these activities offer meaning and value beyond mere physical exercise, providing a serious and rewarding leisure experience. This study confirms that line dance group activities are valuable as they enable middle-aged women to anticipate their future with life subjectivity and goal setting. Therefore, programs that address various needs through group activities should be developed to serve as central points for middle-aged women's serious leisure activities.

Features of contemporary state upskilling policies of India

Purpose: is to reveal features of contemporary State’s upskilling policies of India that are focused on improving the competitiveness of Indian labour.Methods: the article uses the methods of multiple comparative analysis, generalization, comparison and SWOT analysis of upskilling policies adopted by the government to upgrade the skills of the future workforce of India.Results: the article examines the major government policies on skill development in India, provides a comparative analysis of their role, importance and effectiveness, and conducts a SWOT analysis to better understand these policies. It summarizes the properties, features and functions of the contemporary Government policies on skill development to highlight the relevance and importance of developing new tools to enhance their effectiveness. The comparative analysis of various factors has shown that the current Government policies on skill development in India require a holistic and realistic approach to revise the objectives of the Government strategy in this area and set reasonable targets.Conclusions and Relevance: contemporary State upskilling policies such as Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana, skill India etc. didn’t reach set target. Not so many young labor force is enrolling in the courses provided by the State due to lack of promotion activities and reach to the target audience. The Government has less statistics of the Indian labor market which could clearly define the on-time status of all the State initiatives. There is a need to develop an online platform of staffing to have clear and actual data of the labor market. The online platform of staffing can connect all the stakeholders of the labor market which would help the government to use the holistic approach for developing the Indian labor market together with the stakeholder of the market.

A MODERN DECONSTRUCTION OF THE ANCIENT MYTH OF MEDEA IN THE CREATIVITY OF GEORGIAN WRITERS (LASHA BUGHADZE "АНТИМЕДИЯ", PAATA TSIKOLIA'S "МЕДЕА S01E06")

This paper explores the modern reinterpretation of the ancient myth of Medea, as presented by Georgian writers Lasha Bughadze and Paata Tsikolia. Despite the myth's ancient origins, its relevance persists in contemporary literature, where it reflects ongoing societal and existential conflicts. A knowledge gap exists in understanding how modern adaptations, particularly in Georgian literary contexts, reinterpret Medea's narrative using postmodern techniques. This study employs a comparative literary analysis method, examining plays like Bughadze's "Antimedea" and Tsikolia's "Медеа s01e06." Findings indicate that these works deconstruct traditional elements of the Medea myth, positioning the character within modern socio-political frameworks. The results reveal the use of irony, parody, and political symbolism to critique contemporary issues such as nationalism and gender roles. The implications of this study suggest that modern adaptations of ancient myths serve as powerful tools for addressing and re-evaluating current societal problems, particularly those related to identity and power dynamics.

Intellectual Property Rights in Saudi Arabia and Their Compatibility with the World Trade Organization

This paper aims to review Saudi Arabia’s IPR system and analyze to what extent it complies with the WTO/TRIPS. The research looks into the history and the present legal system of IPR in Saudi Arabia. It also identifies the enforcement systems, and issues concerning compliance with international standards. With a comparative analysis method, the research assesses Saudi Arabia in comparison with the WTO guidelines and its neighboring countries regarding improving IPR protection. This research identifies progress in legislative and institutional development and gaps in enforcement efficiency and digital IP protection. The paper discusses measures to improve Saudi Arabia’s IPR system to support innovation-based development and increase WTO compliance.