Company Division Research Articles

A Systems Study of Policy Formulation in a Vertically-Integrated Firm

Vertically-integrated companies often provide unusual opportunities for conflicts among organizational performance measures, especially as the vertical interdependency of product flow interacts with organisational separation of profit objectives. The resulting problems and their potential resolution by policy reformulation are discussed in this paper for the case of a large manufacturer-retailer of perishable food products. The methods of Industrial Dynamics constitute the systems analysis approach employed in the described study. Emphasis is placed upon the closed-loop feedback systems that interrelate the company's divisions and that provide the conceptual basis for development of a company simulation model. Even without computer testing of the simulation model, analysis of the feedback systems structure can be used in this case to highlight the general conflict between the company's sales and profit objectives. Extensive computer simulation of the company model is utilised to test a variety of areas of possible policy change, including among others transfer pricing, market stimulation, budgeting, and performance measurement. A consistent finding from the simulations was that several sources of intensified organizational pressure (including negotiated transfer prices and ambitious budgets) contributed importantly to company growth. Although the model formulation and simulation results were accepted as valid by company managers, little implementation of the recommended policy changes has yet occurred. Instead the principal benefits in the short run are seen as largely educational in nature, with new managerial perspectives the key outcome. This result appears reasonable and possibly necessary if management is to be educated effectively for later acceptance of policy change recommendations based on sophisticated management science approaches.

Project pattern: A methodology for determining relevance in complex decision-making

Numerical planning techniques are rapidly gaining in popularity, urged on by the tremendously increasing complexity of modern decision-making at high government and industrial levels. One of the most promising methodologies, originally intended as an advanced development planning aid, has been developed by Honeywell, Inc. Project PATTERN (Planning Assistance Through Technical Evaluation of Relevance Numbers), staffed from several company divisions by experts representing the corporate technical knowledge, produced a two-volume “scenario” which provides the descriptive material on which value judgments are made and a comprehensive “relevance tree” which records the collective value judgments of the company's representatives on thousands of individual decisions and shows how present-day technology deficiencies are ultimately related to our national objectives of military and scientific preeminence. The “relevance tree,” along with the assigned numerical values on the relevance of each of its elements, has been programmed on computers at several of the company's plants throughout the country to aid in local advanced development program decision-making within the charter of each plant. Provision is made for continually revising the judgments and updating the technology tree.

16-25-6 ALLOY

Abstract The 16-25-6 alloy developed by the Timken Roller Bearing Company, Steel and Tube Division, is a nonmagnetic, austenitic, corrosion and heat resistant steel having high creep resistance at elevated temperatures and good corrosion and oxidation resistance. It age-hardens at elevated temperatures after solution quenching, and possesses very high mechanical properties. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness, creep, and deformation. It also includes information on high temperature performance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-12. Producer or source: Timken Roller Bearing Company. Originally published November 1953, revised February 1960.

Crystalline poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide)

Journal of Polymer ScienceVolume 39, Issue 135 p. 532-533 Letters to the Editor Crystalline poly(N -isopropylacrylamide) H. W. Coover Jr., H. W. Coover Jr. Research Laboratories Tennessee Eastman Company Division of Eastman Kodak Company Kingsport, TennesseeSearch for more papers by this author H. W. Coover Jr., H. W. Coover Jr. Research Laboratories Tennessee Eastman Company Division of Eastman Kodak Company Kingsport, TennesseeSearch for more papers by this author First published: September 1959 https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.1959.1203913547Citations: 3AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume39, Issue135September 1959Pages 532-533 RelatedInformation

TWOFOLD EFFECT OF CORTICOTROPIN (ACTH) ON BLOOD CLOTTING AND ITS IMPLICATIONS IN SURGERY

CONTRADICTORY reports can be found in the literature regarding the effect of corticotropin (ACTH) and cortisone on blood clotting.1a, b, cThis paper will attempt to reconcile the discrepancies and to shed some light upon the problem involved. In addition, potential dangers in the clinical use of adrenal cortical hormones as regards the fluidity of the blood will be discussed. The corticotropin used in this study was an LA-1 Standard lot, supplied through the courtesy of the Parke, Davis & Company Division of Clinical Investigation. The amounts of hormone used varied from 100 to 500 mg. per diem, given intramuscularly in divided, single 20 to 25 mg. doses. It was administered over periods of from one to eight days. Thirteen persons afflicted with thrombophlebitis or phlebothrombosis were treated in this preliminary study. Twelve received corticotropin, and one cortisone. Of those 13 patients, 8 had phlebothrombosis following various operative procedures.

Some Legal Aspects of Life Insurance Trusts

'The author is indebted, for help in the preparation of this article, to his assistant, Mr. Samuel Silverman, Decisions Editor of the Columbia Law Review, and to Messrs. Charles Looker, Robert L. Redfield, Jr., David M. Solinger, and Miss Helen H. Robinson, members of the I929 seminar in decedents' estates at the Columbia University Law School. 2Bassil v. Lister, 9 Hare I77 (Eng. I85I) is a case in which the English Chancery Court sustained the legality of an arrangement by which Lister insured the lives of his two sons and by will provided for the continuance of premium payments out of the income of his estate. This English trust differed from modern life insurance trusts in that the policies were not on the life of the creator or settlor, and the trust was created by will, thus taking effect only at the death of the settlor. The Girard Trust Company of Philadelphia established, on June I3, I869, what appears to have been the first life insurance trust in this country. The Providence Life and Trust Company of Philadelphia, on January 27, I877, wrote a life insurance trust under which the settlor assigned all his interest in a policy upon his life to the company, which as trustee was to collect the insurance money from itself as an insurance company, paying the income to the settlor's widow for life and the principal, at her death, outright to his daughter. The Northern Trust Company of Chicago was the first trust company, which was not also an insurance companv, to receive a life insurance trust. This was on March i8, I897. See STEPHENSON, LIVING TRUSTS (I926) I9; (I926) 42 TRUST COMPANIES 867. 3 See the address by F. H. Sisson, I928-A Record Year for Trust Service, published by the Guaranty Trust Company, New York. Mr. Sisson reports the results of a survey made by the Trust Company Division of the American Bankers Association. (346)

INHERITANCE TAXATION IN THE UNITED STATES: Extracts from Report of Special Committee of the Trust Company Division of the American Bankers Association, September, 1925

Previous articleNext article FreeINHERITANCE TAXATION IN THE UNITED STATES: Extracts from Report of Special Committee of the Trust Company Division of the American Bankers Association, September, 1925PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Volume 11, Number 2November 1925 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/bullnattax41785832 Views: 41Total views on this site Journal History This article was published in The Bulletin of the National Tax Association (1916-1947), which is continued by the National Tax Journal (1948-present). © 1925 National Tax Association. All rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.