Company Policy Research Articles

Role of intraorganizational social capital and perceived organizational support on expatriate job performance: empirical evidence

Purpose An expatriate is a person living outside their native country and is physically mobile across international borders for professional or personal reasons, whether for a short or long time, whether organizationally sponsored or not. In the competitive and globalized world, expatriation helps organizations to sustain international competition. Based on the social capital theory, performance theory and organizational support theory, this study aims to explore the impact of intraorganizational social capital (IOSC) and perceived organizational support (POS) on expatriate job performance (EJP) along with the intervening role of Islamic work ethics (IWE). Design/methodology/approach Data are collected from Expatriate employees working in UAE for at least three years among various knowledge-based industries. A total of 268 filled responses were received using the convenience sampling technique. Structural equation modeling was used to test the proposed hypotheses. Findings The results indicate that POS and IOSC positively influence most EJP dimensions except demonstrating effect dimension and IWE acts as a partial mediator. The study adopted a cross-sectional research design, and the respondents are white color expatriates working in the knowledge-based industries across the United Arab Emirates. Various other business sectors, such as tourism, hospitality, manufacturing, oil and energy can be considered in the study context and longitudinal research designs can be adapted to generalize the findings. Research limitations/implications The study adopted a cross-sectional research design, and the respondents are white color expatriates working in the knowledge-based industries across the United Arab Emirates. Various other business sectors, such as tourism, hospitality, manufacturing, oil and energy, can be considered the study context and longitudinal research designs can be adopted to generalize the findings. Practical implications Human resource managers need to formulate their company policies so that a recruit is given orientation and training the existing workforce on the benefits of IWE, as it can be seen as developing employee morale and ethical behavior. Onboarding an expat from different regions is an expensive initiative for the organization. The organization should consider both tangible and intangible costs that go into the recruitment, selection and onboarding of an expat. Originality/value Very few studies have explored the role of IWE with a second-order EJP construct with the respondents from the knowledge-based industries of the UAE.

The Moderating Role Of Intellectual Capital In The Relationship Between Tax Avoidance And Firm Value

This research examines the relationship between tax avoidance and firm value by placing intellectual capital as a moderating variable. The research was conducted on companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) operating in the primary consumer goods sector, especially those in the food and beverage industry for 2019-2022. The method uses multiple linear regression panel data analysis to test the hypothesis. There were 68 samples used in testing after purposive sampling was carried out. The research results show that tax avoidance does not affect firm value. The presence of intellectual capital also cannot moderate the relationship between these two variables. It is hoped that this research can add to the literature for further research regarding the relationship between tax avoidance and firm value by including intellectual capital as a moderating factor. This research also contributes to investors making investment decisions related to tax planning policies in companies in the primary consumer sector, especially those in the food and beverage industry.

Prospects for Sustainable Corporate Governance in Russia Based on Integrated Communications

The article presents the author’s understanding of the terms “corporate governance”, “corporate management” and “communication management” in the context of the concept of sustainable development, the ESG agenda and sustainable corporate governance, as well as their relationship. The role of the stakeholder approach in bringing together the content of the concepts of “corporate governance” and “integrated communications” is shown. Some features of communications management in Russia, including in the context of ESG, are examined in detail. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that many Russian companies and organizations are extremely slow to implement the principles and methods of integrated communications and sustainable corporate governance, although they determine the effectiveness of theiractivities. The subject of the study is the system of sustainable corporate governance as part of the implementation of ESG principles in Russia. The purpose of the article is to show Russian stakeholders the role of integrated communications in the development of sustainable corporate governance and ESG policies using research methods such as analysis of scientific papers on the research topic, comparison, generalization, systemic and logical analysis. The scientific novelty of the publication is justified by the author’s interpretation of the variants of understanding the terms, for example, the authors of the article consider the organizational and/or functional division of communications into internal and external to be unproductive. In addition, in order to modernize the methodology for rating and auditing companies and organizations for compliance of their activities with ESG principles, the authors propose to increase the number of management criteria of block “G”, using metrics for assessing the effectiveness of integrated communications management, taken from the “corporate management” and “communications” systems management». The practical significance of the work lies in the possibility of its use in the development of integrated communications systems within the framework of sustainable corporate governance, as well as in the course of modernizing the methodology for rating and auditing ESG policies in Russian companies and organizations. A further direction of research may be related to the development of criteria and indicators of the quality of integrated communications systems and sustainable corporate governance, as well as consideration of the characteristics of Russian communications practices in the business environment.

가능성을 확신으로 만든 시간: 휴넷의 주4.5일제와 행복경영모델

This case study deals with the process of implementing Hunet's 4.5-day work week system. The system was not just a welfare initiative to increase the number of rest days, but was established to improve productivity by providing sufficient rest to employees. The study analyzes that a productivity improvement system can be established even if it deviates from the traditional 5-day work week system. Through Hunet's case, we can infer and observe the necessary preparations required for the 4.5-day work week system to function effectively as a productivity improvement program. Hunet's 4.5-day work week is based on its happiness management model, which was established based on the founder's leadership, philosophy, and entrepreneurial ideology. This study sheds light on the company policies and core values that make Hunet's happiness management model possible. The case study was written based on interviews with company officials, company-provided data, and existing materials.

Post-Political Governance and the Return of the Political: PROPER-rated Geothermal Enterprise, Environmental Problems, and Civil Resistance in Dieng Plateau, Central Java

The Industrial Environmental Rating Program (PROPER) from the Ministry of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia has produced various outcomes. Many companies strive to meet the PROPER assessment criteria, earning ratings represented by colors ranging from black to gold. Unfortunately, the indicators set by PROPER, namely compliance and beyond-compliance assessment criteria, are limited to technical and managerial aspects rather than substantial ones. Consequently, the ratings often become a means for environmentally polluting companies to polish their public image and attract investment. PT Geo Dipa Energi (Persero), a state-owned geothermal enterprise, is one of many companies that have obtained a blue PROPER rating. This company's presence in Dieng, Central Java, has faced civil resistance due to the various pollution issues caused by their activities. The company uses the blue PROPER rating label to create a mechanism called “post-political governance” to discipline civil resistance. This mechanism refers to the process of repressing the political dimension in society by introducing apolitical mechanisms. These apolitical mechanisms are found in the values of good governance, such as participation, transparency, fairness, accountability, and public inclusion, which PROPER aims to implement. This research was conducted in Karang Tengah Village, Dieng, and remotely from different locations. The findings show that Dieng residents, whose political dimension is being disciplined, are able to reclaim their political agency through civil and discursive political resistance—a set of conditions that Wilson and Swyngedouw refer to as “the return of the political.” This research aims to present a critical perspective on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) practices by companies within the framework of PROPER, while also highlighting the role of the community as key actors in challenging the discourse of empowerment constructed by the company and PROPER policy.

Employee Performance Assessment Model in Survey Service Companies Using Analytical Hierarchy Process and Naive Bayes

Assessment of the performance of employees of a survey service company produces a final score that is not in accordance with the company's transformation strategy in responding to external challenges and demands. The variable assessment process still uses 180 Degree Feedback which is one-way from superiors to employees. This makes the company's learning and growth activities, especially in the human resources department, not occur. Therefore, companies should improve the assessment model to become a tool for acquiring highly qualified performing employees. This study contributes to obtain a more comprehensive employee performance assessment model proposal and evaluate the model so that it can be implemented. The research limitation lies in the use of data, namely contract employees with the position of Project Manager. This study uses the Analytical Hierarchy Process and Naïve Bayes methods to obtain variable weights. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that SOE (State Owned Enterprises) AKHLAK was a new variable. The classification of the assessment variables is divided into Performance and Behavioral aspects based on the Minister of SOE Regulation. Changes that occur include formulas, mechanisms, and rating scales. The results of the verification and validation show that the model is in accordance with the design so that it can be implemented. Model trials with 360 DF show that PM's final score has a good chance of being assessed as a full-time employee. This valuation model can change along with company policies in responding to internal and external changes.

SOME FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE ON DEBT POLICY

A company is considered at risk if it has a large portion of debt in its capital structure, but conversely, if a company uses little or no debt at all, the company is considered unable to take advantage of additional external capital that can improve the company's operations. Based on these reasons, managers are required to be more careful in determining debt policies in their companies. Meanwhile, according to the trade of theory, the higher the debt, the higher the bankruptcy burden. Based on the general assumptions of the pecking order theory and trade of theory, the use of debt should be low. However, many companies still pay high debt. From these reasons, research on debt policy needs to be examined. This study aims to empirically prove the impact of company characteristics, asset structure, and profitability on debt policies in property and real estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2019-2021. The data used in this study were 28 companies. The sample used was 84 sample data selected using purposive sampling method which were processed using EViews version 12. The result of this study indicates that all independent variables simultaneously have no significant impact on debt policy as shown by the results of the F test. The results of the T test explain that company characteristics have a negative and insignificant impact on debt policy, asset structure has a negative and insignificant impact on debt policy, and profitability has a positive and insignificant impact on debt policy.

Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Kepemilikan Manajerial dan Pertumbuhan Perusahaan Terhadap Kebijakan Utang

This research uses multiple linear analysis testing methods, using manufacturing companies listed on the IDX for the 2019-2023 period. The results show that profitability has a negative and significant influence on the company's debt policy. Managerial ownership has no influence on debt policy in manufacturing companies. This study supports the signaling theory which states that debt can be a signal to investors.

Influence of Cash Sales Accounting Information Systems on Internal Control of Cash Sales

This study seeks to determine and analyze the impact of variables. The research employed a quantitative methodology, explicitly utilizing a descriptive approach and verification methods such as correlation coefficient, simple linear regression, and coefficient of determination. The study included a population of 30 individuals, and the samples collected encompassed the entire community. According to the research findings on a consumer goods distributor company in Bandung, it can be concluded that the company's cash sales accounting information system (X) is performing well, with a score of 3.25. The internal control of cash sales (Y) is also reported to be entirely satisfactory, with a score of 3.19. The findings of this study indicate a significant correlation (correlation coefficient of 0.862) between the Cash Sales Accounting Information System and Cash Sales Internal Control. The Cash Sales Accounting Information System contributes to 74.3% of the variation in Cash Sales Internal Control (R square contribution). The remaining 25.7% is attributed to unexamined factors such as company policy.

Analisis Strategi Persediaan Bahan Baku Buah Pala Untuk Meningkatkan Efisiensi Rantai Pasok CV Cielofood Pratama di Kota Bogor

CV Cielofood Pratama is a beverage processing business with nutmeg raw materials, located in Bogor City, West Java. The company produces syrups with varying sizes of packaging. The multi-stage production process does not rule out the possibility of irregularities that could cause the product to no longer meet the quality standards we set. In general, business units have a profit goal for business sustainability, by seeking efficiency in operations in order to obtain profitable profits. Analysis of the data shows the difference between corporate policy and the results of the EOQ method. The company usually orders 25 kg of raw materials with a frequency of 120 times per year. However, the EOQ method recommends ordering 144 kg with a frequency of 36 times per year. In addition, there is a significant difference in the total cost of supplies, which is IDR 30,900,000 according to company policy and IDR 10,392,000 according to EOQ method. This study aims to analyze strategies in raw material supply as an effort for supply chain efficiency. Using the Economic Orders Quantity (EOQ) method Reduce storage costs, save space on both storage and workspaces, resolve problems and reduce the risk that raw material supplies may pose.

ANALISIS SISTEM AKUNTANSI PELUNASAN PIUTANG PADA PERUSAHAAN DISTRIBUTOR FARMASI

Cash is the most liquid asset because it is easily accessible, but it is also vulnerable to misuse. This study to find out and prove that the cash receipt system for the receivables settlement at a pharmaceutical distributor company is in accordance with the provisions of the applicable accounting system. This includes the separation of related functions, the required documents are in accordance with the provisions, and whether the accounting records used as a management control tool are already in place and running effectively. This study uses a qualitative analysis research method. Sugiyono (2020) stated that qualitative analysis is a research technique that interprets field data or natural conditions. In this study, the researcher used primary data from field observations and interviews with employees in the cash and recording department. The results of the study show that the function incompatibility related to cash receipts for the receivables settlement in the company is with Mulyadi's theory (2024). This is because the company does not have an internal control function. Companies should increase internal control to reduce the risk of fraud. A strong monitoring system will ensure that cash receipts for receivables repayment are in accordance with the company's policies and applicable regulations.

أثر جودة بيئة العمل على نجاح مشاريع شركة الراشد للتجارة والمقاولات بمدينة الرياض

Since quality is one of the most important things in life, and it is one of the goals of Vision 2030 for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, therefore Al-Rashed Trading and Contracting Company in the city of Riyadh seeks to achieve sustainable success in its projects, by focusing on the factors that greatly influence the achievement of this goal, and among the most important The factors are the quality of the work environment within the organization. There are also several other factors that reflect on the quality of the work environment, such as effective communication, trust between teams, high morale, and interest in the personal and professional development of employees. The aim of this study was: to determine the impact of the quality of the work environment on the success of the projects of Al-Rashed Trading and Contracting Company, to discover the factors affecting the quality of the work environment and its impact on the performance of projects, to provide recommendations to improve the quality of the work environment in the company, and to enhance the success of the projects. This study relied on a descriptive and analytical research approach, as well as a field research approach, using the Google Forms statistical tool by distributing an electronic questionnaire to male and female employees. The questionnaire was distributed to (350) individuals, and (303) responses were received, as a group refused. From conducting the questionnaire, a survey sample of (31) individuals from Al-Rashed Trading and Contracting Company employees was distributed from outside the actual sample of the study (comprehensive survey), equivalent to 10% of the total sample, to verify the validity of the internal consistency of the questionnaire. The study concluded that the quality of the work environment is affected by the company's policies and organizational culture, and therefore managing these elements effectively can enhance the success of the company's projects. A healthy and encouraging work environment must also be provided, as this leads to increased employee satisfaction and productivity, which reflects positively on the quality of services and products provided by the company, and thus is reflected in the success of its projects. Accordingly, Al-Rashed Trading and Contracting Company should pay attention to improving the quality of the work environment, and ensuring that it is conducive to the well-being and productivity of its employees, and this in turn will contribute to achieving the sustainable success of its projects in the city of Riyadh.

ANALYSIS OF THE APPLICATION OF ENTITY FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS WITHOUT PUBLIC ACCOUNTABILITY ABOUT EMPLOYEE BENEFITS WITH THE IMPORTANCE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS METHOD

This research aims to determine the application of SAK ETAP regarding employee benefits and the method for calculating SAK ETAP employee benefits in private companies in Jabodetabek as well as the impact of implementing the Job Creation Law on SAK ETAP calculating employee benefits using the Importance Performance Analysis method. The research methodology used in this research is descriptive quantitative. The population in this research are private companies in Jabodetabek. The sampling technique in this research used simple random sampling with a sample of 100 respondents. Analysis of this research data uses validity tests, reliability tests, and Importance Performance Analysis (IPA). The results of this research indicate that the implementation of SAK ETAP regarding employee benefits in private companies involves the process of recording, measuring and reporting employee benefits given to employees, the method for calculating SAK ETAP employee benefits in private companies is divided into 4 calculations, namely Short-Term Employee Benefits, Post-Employment Benefits, Other Long-Term Employee Benefits, and Severance Pay, as well as the impact of the implementation of the Job Creation Law on SAK ETAP for calculating Employee Benefits using the Importance Performance Analysis method. It can be concluded that company policies regarding employee benefits may change after the implementation of the Job Creation Law.

Pengaruh Total Asset Turnover, Return on Asset, Struktur Aset, dan Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Kebijakan Hutang

Purpose: To assess the impact of total asset turnover, return on assets, asset structure, and company size on debt policy in companies within the automotive and component subsectors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2016-2021. Methodology/approach: The research sample consists of 13 companies in the automotive and component subsectors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2016-2021, using the Purposive Sampling technique. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted using SPSS version 22. Results/findings: The results indicate that total asset turnover and return on assets have a significant negative impact on Debt Policy. However, Asset Structure and Company Size do not have an impact on Debt Policy. Limitations: This study only utilizes 4 (four) independent variables: total asset turnover, return on assets, asset structure, and company size. The period considered was only 6 years, from 2016 to 2021. This study focuses exclusively on manufacturing companies within the automotive and component subsectors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Contribution: The results of this research are expected to assist companies in making decisions and considerations to optimize their operations in line with the company's objectives. To enhance their size, companies are advised to manage and utilize resources, such as assets, debts, and equity, effectively and efficiently. With proper management, this attracts investors to invest in their capital.

Analisis Pengaruh Organizational Capital terhadap Tingkat Penghindaran Pajak Perusahaan Pertambangan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the effect of organizational capital on corporate tax avoidance. The population of this study are mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2012-2021 periods. Using panel data regression with the common effect model, the results of the study found that organizational capital has a negative and significant effect on corporate tax payments. In other words, high organizational capital can increase corporate tax avoidance. Companies that are able to manage organizational capital properly will be able to create organizational efficiency, one of which is through tax management that the company will choose. This study confirms previous findings that organizational capital creates organizational innovation and organizational learning abilities in related to tax avoidance. This study also strengthens the previous findings that companies with high organizational capital have a greater chance of tax avoidance. The research has implications for the company's internal policy as a taxpayer to increase its organizational capital so that it can have an effective management. On the other hand, the tax authorities can make policies that support the creation of compliant taxpayers and ethical corporate tax management.

PENGARUH DISIPLIN KERJA DAN PEMBERIAN INSENTIF TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PT WISATALOKA

Human resources (HR) are an important part of a company. This is because HR is an asset for the company, which contributes to the progress of a company. Employees are required to continue to improve their performance, which in turn can significantly improve company performance. The company has made various efforts to encourage employees to continue to improve their performance. Work discipline is one of the factors that can influence employee performance. Disciplinary attitudes arise from employees and also need to be supported by the company, for example with regulations. Another factor that encourages employee performance is the provision of incentives. The company policy provides incentives to encourage employees to work harder. The aim of this research is to examine the influence of work discipline and incentives on employee performance, both partially and simultaneously. The research method used was quantitative with a sample of 50 respondents. Data collection was carried out through observation, questionnaires and documentation. Work discipline (X1) and incentives (X2) are the independent variables and the dependent variable is employee performance (Y). By using the SPSS 26 application for multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this research show that partially, work discipline has a significant effect on employee performance and providing incentives has a significant effect on employee performance. Furthermore, work discipline and providing incentives simultaneously influence employee performance.

Does the leverage of a company differ when led by a CEO from a reputable university?

This study investigates the influence of the educational background of Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) from reputable universities on corporate leverage. Company leverage is an important financial policy that determines a company’s success. A review grounded in upper echelons theory indicates a correlation among CEO characteristics, strategic decisions, and corporate outcomes, with financial leverage serving as the representation in this study. The study was conducted on top-rated Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) companies in Southeast Asia during 2020–2022 using 1108 observations. Data were obtained from annual reports, company websites, and Refinitiv, and analyzed using regression. The results indicate that CEOs with an educational background from reputable universities tend to have lower leverage. This suggests that CEOs from prestigious universities tend to exhibit risk-averse tendencies when formulating or executing company debt policies. This study contributes to the literature on the correlation between CEO educational backgrounds and firms’ leverage, providing insight into the relationship between CEOs from reputable universities and the level of corporate leverage. It is also expected to contribute to the development of Upper Echelons Theory and the implementation of company policies such as CEO qualifications, CEO recruitment, and debt policy.

Do Intra-industry Peer Effects Influence the Debt Financing Policy of Companies Listed in Thailand?

Rational imitation of financial policies, namely peer effects, was documented to prevail among firms within an industry in both developed and top emerging economies. Lacking evidence from medium-sized emerging Asian countries, this study examined intra-industry peer effects, i.e., imitation, on debt financing at Thai listed companies. The sample consisting of the firms listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET) during the years 2001–2018 was incorporated to discover those effects. Numerous databases associated with the SET (e.g., SETSMART) and the firms’ websites were used to collect financial numbers. With 6,058 firm-year observations, unbalanced panel data was then analyzed by using the random-effects and fixed-effects ordinary least squares models as well as the two-stage least squares regression. The main findings show that a focal firm imitates the long-term debt financing of its industry peers. Using the instrument approach to address endogeneity, the key results are confirmed. Peers’ equity shock as the instrumental variable decreases their financing with debt, subsequently lowering debt levels at a focal firm. This mimicking was operated through peer action, not peer character, i.e., performance. In additional tests, severe market competition was found to strengthen the uniformity of decision-making on debt finance among industry peers. Meanwhile, the high cost of information embedded in innovation-driven businesses has not been found to both promote and reduce peer effects on debt finance. Including the extra control variables at firm-specific levels, the key results remain robust. This study highlights a vein of social learning theory and competition-based theory in discussing herding behaviors toward all member firms in a certain industry. The conclusions enrich the literature on peer effects on debt finance policy.

The Effect of Enterprise Risk Management, Intellectual Capital, and Corporate Policy Disclosure on Company Value with Good Corporate Governance as a Moderation Variable

This study aims to test and empirically prove the effect of Enteprise Risk Management, Intellectual Capital, and Dividend Policy on Firm Value with Good Corporate Governance as a moderating. The source of this study data uses secondary data from companies available at SP Capital IQ with a total of 141 observations that have met the criteria used using purposive sampling techniques. This study employed quantitative research by using multiple regression analysis with a moderating effect (Moderated Regression Analysis) with the STATA program. The results of the study showed that Enterprise Risk Management had negative influence on firm value, Company policy, namely dividend policy, had positive effect on firm value, and Inttelectual Capital also Good Corporate Governance had no effect on firm value. The study also showed that Good Corporate Governance as a moderating variable strengthens the relationship between company policy, namely dividend policy, on firm value but Good Corporate Governance can’t moderate the relationship between both Enterprise Risk Management and Intellectual Capital on firm value.

Advocacy communication by Never Okay Project on sexual violence in the workplace

Sexual violence in the workplace in Indonesia continues to occur due to various factors. Never Okay Project became one of the organizations that seeks advocacy communication to increase participation of the actors involved and to influence company policies regarding sexual violence. This study aims to explore the advocacy communication carried out by Never Okay Project on sexual violence in the workplace. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data within this research was obtained through interviews with organization manager, employer, advocacy targets, and issue observers, as well as observations of advocacy communication contents shared through various channels. Data were analyzed using framework analysis technique (Ritchie et al., 2003). The results of this study show that Never Okay Project was formed as a platform to elevate the stories and experiences of survivors into something worth taking into account. In their efforts of advocacy communication, Never Okay Project is oriented towards workers’ experiences in raising various issues related to sexual violence in the workplace, workers’ experiences and rights, as well as the coverage in various work sectors. Collaboration with various stakeholders as well as Never Okay Project’s advocacy communication with employers has implications towards the formation and improvement of company policies regarding sexual violence in the workplace with more of a survivor’s perspective. This research maps the position of Never Okay Project in raising issues, influencing policies, and developing public participation regarding the issue of sexual violence in the workplace through advocacy communications.