Financial Reports Of Companies Research Articles

LIQUIDITY RATIO ANALYSIS OF PT. KIMIA FARMA (Persero) Tbk: 2019-2022

This research aims to measure the financial performance of PT. Kimia Farma (Persero) Tbk, listed on the IDX, from 2019 to 2022 using liquidity ratios such as the Current Ratio (CR), Quick Ratio (QR), and Cash Ratio (CR). Employing quantitative methods, the study analyzed secondary data from the company's financial reports published by the IDX. The findings reveal that the company's financial condition is poor due to fluctuating and inconsistent performance each year. The highest current ratio was 105.8% in 2022, slightly above 105.4% in 2021, with the lowest at 89.7% in 2020, indicating a troubling decline. The quick ratio peaked at 66.3% in 2022 and hit a low of 53.5% in 2020, suggesting a reasonably good but inconsistent condition. The cash ratio reached a high of 26.8% in 2022 and a low of 12.5% in 2021, pointing to poor liquidity. Overall, the study shows that PT. Kimia Farma (Persero) Tbk does not exhibit strong or stable liquidity, as evidenced by the variations and declines in these ratios over the years.

Leverage Effect between ROA and ROE During the Covid-Crisis Based on a Hungarian Company Database

This paper is devoted to examining two extremely popular financing principles in the practice of Hungarian companies during the Covid-crisis. The leverage effect explains how the Return on Equity can be improved compared to the Return on Assets, the risk matching principle states that the risky assets should be financed mostly from equity and the secure assets should be financed mostly from debt. The Covid-crisis is an excellent opportunity to study the relevance of these principles. The validity of these principles is examined in a sample containing about 30.000 company financial reports. The most important findings are the following: The profitability does not determine the leverage, but the high leverage determines the low profitability. The profitability is the consequence of former decisions about the debt-equity relationship, the debt/equity ratio would be the consequence of the profitability. The risk matching principles cannot be justified by the used sample.

The Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility on Firm Value with Tax Avoidance and Sustainable Financial Performance as Mediators

Research confirms the influence of corporate social responsibility on firm value through tax avoidance and sustainable financial performance. Corporate social responsibility is measured based on the ESG disclosure score. In contrast, firm value is measured using Tobin's Q. Tax avoidance is measured using the effective tax rate, and sustainable financial performance is measured using return on assets. The samples analyzed in this research were 93 public companies listed on the IDX from all sectors. This research uses a purposive sampling method to produce reports on 93 companies in 5 years of company financial reports in 2017-2021. Data analysis used the Partial Least Square SEM technique. The analysis results show that corporate social responsibility has a significant direct effect on firm value, while the mediating role of tax avoidance and sustainable financial performance is not proven. In this research, it can be seen that corporate social responsibility (CSR) has a direct influence on firm value. This shows that stakeholders rely on CSR as a positive image of the company, as in several previous research results, it can describe the value of the company, which has an impact on investors' decisions to invest but indirectly does not influence tax avoidance and sustainable financial performance. The results of this research can provide an additional understanding of the previous theoretical concept that CSR can directly influence firm value. The strategic implications, of course, depend on company decision-makers in communicating CSR activities in their reports when they want investors' attention to the firm value.

The Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure, Dividend Policy on Earning Management with Audit Quality as Moderation Variable in Listed Manufacturing Companies in Indonesian Stock Exchange (2018-2022)

This research aims to test and prove empirically the effect of independent variables, namely corporate social responsibility disclosure, dividend policy on the dependent variable is earnings management and audit quality moderating variables. The research method used is quantitative research in the form of correlational research using panel data from company financial report taken at PT www.idx.co.id. The sampling technique in this research was purposive sampling with a total sample of 122 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2018-2022 period. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression using the EViews application. The research results found that corporate social responsibility has no effect on earnings management. Dividend policy has a negative effect on earnings management. Audit quality is unable to moderate the influence of corporate social responsibility on earnings management. Audit quality is unable to moderate the influence of dividend policy on earnings management. The Adjusted R2 value shows that 1.65% of earnings management can be explained by corporate social responsibility and the remaining 98.35% of dividend policy is influenced by other variables not examined in this research.

PENGARUH RASIO KEUANGAN TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN FARMASI YANG TERDAFTAR

The share price is the price of a share when the market is in progress or when the market is closed and can change at any time depending on the demand and supply of these shares. This study aims to determine the effect of financial ratios on stock prices in pharmaceutical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2017-2021, either partially or simultaneously. This study uses financial ratios, namely Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, Return On Equity, and Earning Per Share which are used as Independent Variables and Stock Prices as the Dependent Variable. The population in this study are pharmaceutical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The research sample consisted of 14 pharmaceutical companies that met the criteria using a purposive sampling method. The data used in this study is secondary data in the form of pharmaceutical company financial reports for 2017-2021. The data collection technique used is documentation. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. The results of the study show that Cuurent Ratio, Return On Equity, Earning Per Share have a positive effect on stock prices while the Debt To Equity Ratio has a negative effect on stock prices.

Diversification Strategy and Business Portfolio Development in State-Owned Companies PT. Hutama Karya

This research aims to analyse the business diversification strategy of PT Hutama Karya (Persero) and its subsidiaries, explain their business operations, and explore growth potential. This research tries to identify the company's internal and external environmental factors after business diversification, conduct an analysis of the corporate position and portfolio of business units and subsidiaries, and formulate a new business diversification strategy concept. This research method is descriptive qualitative with the data used in the research including primary data collected through interviews and questionnaires, as well as secondary data such as company financial reports, industry performance reports, and industry attractiveness. PT Hutama Karya's business diversification includes expansion into various business divisions, including Toll Road Business Entity (BUJT), Non-Toll Road Business Entity (Non-BUJT), and the establishment of subsidiaries such as Hutama Karya Infrastruktur (HKI), HAKAAston, HK Realtindo, Hutama Marga Waskita (HAMAWAS), and EPC Energy Singapore Ltd. The main supporting factors for this diversification are the continued economic growth and government support in infrastructure development. The company's internal strengths are the application of technology and adaptation to changes in the construction industry, they also face challenges such as cashflow issues, global economic uncertainty, and changes in political direction. The SWOT analysis shows that the company is in the "Grow and Build" quadrant and needs to pursue aggressive business diversification. The results of the GE Nine Cell Matrix analysis show a diverse position for the company's business units, with some as "Leaders" and others needing to be managed carefully or even divested. The managerial implications of this study are the need for business ecosystem development and business portfolio diversification, technology development across businesses to support competitive advantage, and the creation of new opportunities after the completion of the Trans-Sumatra Toll Road project

The Moderating Role of Sustainability Disclosure in the Association between Tax Avoidance and Cost of Debt

Company funding can derive from debt and shares. Managers' funding decisions have an impact on the costs that the company must bear. Even though it has high risks and many requirements, managers use much debt in company funding. The company must bear the debt costs associated with this funding. This research examines the effect of tax avoidance on the cost of debt. This research also uses sustainability disclosure as a moderating variable. This research uses manufacturing company financial report data from www.idnfinancials.com from 2016 to 2020. Based on purposive sampling, the total number of observations can be used in this research is 276. Hypothesis testing was carried out using multiple linear regression analysis for cross-section data. This research concludes that tax avoidance positively affects the cost of debt. This research also finds that sustainability disclosure strengthens the positive influence of tax avoidance on the cost of debt. This research contributes to providing literature on the role of sustainability implemented in companies in one of the developing countries. This implementation can be associated with managerial decisions that may not always align with the interests of company owners.

AN ANALYSIS ON FIVE FORCES DAN BCG MATRIX FOR APPLE INC. COMPANY

This research aims to conduct an analysis of Five Forces and BCG Matrix for Apple Inc. The Five Forces analysis is used to evaluate the competitiveness of the industry in which Apple operates, while the BCG Matrix is employed to measure the company's product portfolio. Data for this study are sourced from reliable resources, including the company's financial reports, industry reports, and related publications. The Five Forces analysis reveals that the technology and software industry in which Apple operates is highly competitive. Threats from major competitors, the level of product substitution, and the bargaining power of buyers significantly impact the company's strategies and performance. However, Apple's strong brand equity and robust product ecosystem provide a competitive advantage in navigating the pressures from these five forces. In the BCG Matrix analysis, Apple's core products such as the iPhone, iPad, and Mac show a position of stars and question marks, indicating high growth potential. On the other hand, some older products and unproven innovations fall into the category of cash cows and dogs, with lower growth prospects. The results of the Five Forces and BCG Matrix analysis provide a comprehensive overview of Apple's market position and aid in formulating the company's long-term strategies. Apple's management can leverage these findings to optimize the product portfolio and address competitive challenges in the ever-evolving technology industry. While Apple holds a strong market position, new challenges will continually emerge, necessitating effective strategies to maintain competitiveness and ensure the company's growth in the future.

Analisis Perlakuan Atas Selisih Kurs Dan Transaksi Mata Uang Asing Terhadap Laporan Keuangan Pada Pt. Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk

. Accounting for exchange rate differences and foreign currency transactions has a significant impact on annual financial reports. Companies that trade foreign currencies must apply appropriate accounting policies to record exchange rate differences that occur. This research aims to analyze the accounting treatment of exchange rate differences and foreign currency transactions at PT. Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk The method used in this research is a descriptive method using secondary data obtained from the company's financial reports. The research results are based on the application of PT. Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk's accounting principles in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards (SAK). The author notes translation differences when recognizing income or expenses and does not consider translation differences when recording assets or liabilities. This research also shows that the resulting exchange rate differences have a significant impact on PT's annual financial reports. Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk. A favorable exchange rate difference can increase the company's net profit, while an unfavorable exchange rate difference can reduce the company's net profit.

Tax Avoidance: Employment Benefits Liability, Sales Growth, Capital Intensity, Profit Management, And Inventory Intensity

This research analyzes the influence of employee benefit obligations, sales growth, capital intensity, earnings management, and inventory intensity on tax avoidance. The population in this study are primary consumer goods companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2017-2021. The sampling technique used purposive sampling so that 137 research samples were obtained. The data source comes from secondary data in company financial reports. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis with the help of IBM SPSS 24 software. The results of this research show that earnings management positively affects tax avoidance. Inventory intensity negatively affects tax avoidance. Employee benefit obligations, sales growth, and capital intensity do not affect tax avoidance. This research can enrich agency and stakeholder theory by identifying the role of earnings management and inventory intensity in corporate tax strategies. Companies need to consider wise earnings management and evaluate inventory policies to optimize the reduction of tax liabilities while still complying with applicable tax regulations.

Consistent Earner Strategy Portofolio Saham Value-Glamour

This research aims to find empirical evidence through the evaluation of return and risk-adjusted performance in value and glamour stock portfolios formed with a consistent earner strategy. The research focuses on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX), using the entire population of listed and actively traded stocks in the LQ-45 Index. Data sources include secondary data, consisting of company financial reports from 2016 to 2021 accessed through the websites of the Indonesia Stock Exchange, Yahoo Finance, and IpotNews. The research sample comprises companies included in the LQ-45 Index, selected through purposive sampling. The data analysis method involves quantitative analysis, using statistical tests such as independent sample tests with SPSS. The study's results indicate that the probability values for the average portfolio returns and portfolio risks for both value and glamour stocks are >0.05, suggesting no significant difference in the average return levels for each portfolio. In general, the research concludes that the Indonesian capital market fails to demonstrate the value investing anomaly phenomenon, and investors cannot expect consistent abnormal returns over the observation period. The study has crucial implications for understanding the efficiency of the capital market. The practical contribution of this research is expected to provide information and insights to market participants in making investment decisions, especially in the Indonesian capital market.

Pengaruh Likuiditas, Ukuran Perusahaan, Leverage, dan Profitablitas terhadap Manajemen Laba

The purpose of this research is to empirically prove the influence of Liquidity, Firm Size, Leverage, and Profitability on Earnings by using the Purposive Sampling method. While the population are pharmaceutical sector manufacturing companies that are on the list of the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016-2021 and have published their company's financial reports. The sample of this research is 6 companies for 6 years, so there are 36 data. This study uses panel data, namely the combination of data between cross sections and time series. For the test itself, namely with a descriptive statistical test then the classical assumption test includes the normality test, multicollinearity test, autocorrelation test, and heteroscedasticity test. According to H1 partial test results (T-Test) it shows that Liquidity (CR) has a significant effect on earnings management and has a positive direction. The results of the partial test (T-Test) H2, namely the variable firm size (FS) has a significant effect on earnings management and has a negative direction. The results of the partial test (T-Test) H3, namely the leverage variable (DER) has a significant effect on earnings management and has a positive direction. Meanwhile, the results of the partial test (T-Test) H4, namely the variable profitability (ROA) has a significant effect on earnings management and has a positive direction.
 

PENGARUH LIKUIDITAS DAN PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG MASUK DALAM INDEX LQ-45 PERIODE 2018-2022

This study aims to analyze the effect of liquidity and profitability on stock pricesincluded in the LQ-45 index for the 2018-2022 period. This study uses a quantitativemethod, namely by using secondary data. Data obtained from the company's financialreport website for 2018-2022. The results of the partial test (t test) show that liquidity(current ratio) has a negative and insignificant effect on stock prices while profitability(earning per share) has a positive and significant effect on stocks. Based on the results ofthe simultaneous test (F) shows that liquidity (current ratio) and profitability (earning pershare) simultaneously have a significant effect on stock prices.

Analysis Of Financial Distress In The Covid 19 Pandemic Era

This research aims to find out (1) find out whether there are differences in scores between the Altman, Springate, Zmijeski, and Grover models in predicting Financial Distress, (2) find out which companies remain healthy (green area) or do not experience Financial Distress and which companies which ones are unhealthy (red are) or experiencing Financial Distress. This research uses data from company financial reports with Special Notifications published on the Indonesia Stock Exchange website for 2020-2021. The sampling technique used purposive samples to obtain 10 companies that could be used as research. The results of this research show that the Altman model and the Grover model have the same score, namely an accuracy level of 40% and an error type of 20%, followed by the Zmijewski model with an accuracy rate of 30% and an error type of 30% and the Springate model an accuracy rate of 10% and an error type of 30%.

Pengaruh Kebijakan Dividen, Kepemilikan Manajerial, dan Intellectual Capital terhadap Nilai Perusahaan dengan Profitabilitas Sebagai Variabel Intervening pada Perusahaan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indondesia

The aim of the study is to examine managerial ownership, intellectual capital on company value with Profitability as an intervening variable. The quantitative method uses samples of company financial reports listed on the IDX for 2020-2022 with classic assumption tests, hypothesis tests and Sobel tests. The study findings show 1) Dividend Policy and Intellectual Capital have a positive effect on Profitability, while Managerial ownership has a negative effect on Profitability. 2) Dividend policy, managerial ownership and profitability have a negative influence on company value, while Intellectual Capital has a positive influence. In the Sobel test, it is known that profitability as an intervening variable has an effect on dividend policy and intellectual capital on company value, but has no effect on managerial ownership on company value.

The Influence of Tax Aggressiveness, Environmental Performance, Company Size on CSR Disclosure in Manufacturing Companies Listed on the IDX for the 2015-2021 Period

his study aims to examine the effect of tax aggressiveness, environmental performance, company size and CSR disclosure in manufacturing companies for the 2015-2021 period. The population in this study are all manufacturing companies listed on the IDX in 2015-2021 and the samples used in this study were taken using a purposive sampling method. The samples in this study are annual reports and company financial reports starting from 2015-2021 consisting of 33 manufacturing companies that meet the criteria, and based on the research year period there are 231 samples. The data collection technique was through the website (www.idx.co.id) and the official website of each company that was sampled in the study. The data analysis used was descriptive statistical test, hypothesis testing and multiple linear analysis was processed using the SPSS 26.0 for Windows program. This study aims to determine how much influence tax aggressiveness, environmental performance and company size have on CSR disclosure in manufacturing companies listed on the IDX in 2015-2021. Based on the results of the research and discussion described in the previous chapter, the conclusions that can be drawn from this study are as follows: The results of this study indicate that tax aggressiveness has a significant effect on disclosure of corporate social responsibility (CSR), environmental performance has no significant effect on disclosure of corporate social responsibility (CSR), and company size has a significant effect on disclosure of corporate social responsibility (CSR).

The Role of Internal Audit and Internal Control on the Quality of Financial Reports at PT. ABC

The quality of financial reports is a measure of the extent to which a company's financial reports meet various characteristics and attributes that are considered important. In this research, the author uses a quantitative research approach. It has the systematic nature of field research. The types of data for this research are primary data and secondary data. The main data in this research was taken directly from distributing questionnaires to PT. ABC. The population in this observation is all employees at PT. ABC as many as 125 people. The sample selection technique used in this research was a saturated sample or the entire population was sampled, namely 125 people. However, when distributing the questionnaire to 125 samples, only 120 people received answers, so only 120 samples were used in this research. The research results state that internal audit and internal control have a partial and simultaneous effect on the quality of financial reports.

Analisis Model Grover, Altman, Springate dan Zmijewski Dalam Memprediksi Financial Distress Pada Perusahaan Sektor Transportasi, Logistik, Real Estate, dan Property

This final assignment aims to determine the financial condition of companies in the logistics transportation, real estate and property sectors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2018-2022 period, using a purposive sampling method with a total sample of 36 companies (180 data per company year). The type of data used is secondary data obtained from the company's financial reports. This research uses 4 financial distress analysis models, namely the Grover, Altman, Springate, and Zmijewski models. The results of this research show that the Grover and Altman model produces the same pattern, where the transportation and logistics sector is predicted to be in a distressed condition, while the real estate and property sector is predicted to be in a non-distressed condition. The Springate model produces a different pattern where the transportation logistics, real estate and property sectors are more dominantly predicted to be in distress. Meanwhile, the Zmijewski model for companies in the transportation logistics, real estate and property sectors is predicted to be in a non-distress condition. Overall, the transportation and logistics sector experienced distress of 67% and 34% for the real estate and property sectors.

The Influence of Auditor Ethics and Auditor Experience on Company Financial Reports

This research investigates the influence of auditor ethics and auditor experience on the quality of financial reports in the garment sector of West Java, Indonesia. This study employs a quantitative approach to measure auditor ethics and experience, utilizing statistical tools for analysis. The research targets financial auditors in Indonesia, with a sample size of 150 auditors selected purposively based on specific criteria.The study emphasizes the importance of auditors in ensuring the accuracy and reliability of financial information. The garment industry in West Java holds significance in Indonesia's manufacturing sector, particularly in terms of employment and export revenue. The research aims to contribute to the understanding of how auditor ethics and experience impact financial reporting quality in this specific industry.

PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN SEDERHANA UMKM MENGGUNAKAN MS. EXCEL TAHUN 2010 DI KECAMATAN PARON DAN KECAMATAN PITU

Micro, small and medium enterprises commonly referred to as MSMEs are one type of business or business entity that really plays a role and contributes to the economy. MSMEs must now improve the recording of good financial statements. Recording financial statements is one of the important stages in a business. Financial reports are useful for presenting financial information which is certainly used by internal and external parties involved in business operations. But in reality, there are still many MSME players who have not compiled company financial reports for various reasons. On this occasion, I would like to train MSME players how to make or summarize simple financial reports using Ms. Excel that are easily understood by business owners, especially in Paron and Pitu sub-districts. I see that MSME players here still use financial reports manually and do not have good and accurate financial reports according to financial accounting standards, where company owners have not separated financial reports between capital, income, expenses or for personal gain. Based on these problems and observations, I have conducted awareness-raising activities related to the preparation of simple financial reports for ease of implementation by MSMEs in Paron and Pitu sub-districts