Biosensors are small, portable devices that can translate real-time biological interactions into legible signal results along with the advantage of their portability and ease of use as many biosensors can be miniaturised and integrated into handheld devices or wearable technology for point-of-care testing or continuous monitoring. Traditional methods available till date for detection of material i.e. those important for forensic investigation are time consuming, costly as well as the require expertise handling. Nano based biosensors can assist with high-throughput, large-scale and sensitive screening of the samples or specimens to find target compounds at very low concentration with high evidential value in forensic evidence. Without the requirement for extra laboratory instrumentation or equipment or time-consuming preparatory procedures, nanomaterial based biosensors offer sensitive and reasonably priced examination of materials. Therefore, in this review article emphasis has been given on development of nanomaterial based biosensors, as well as the most recent developments in the forensic examination of a wide range of chemicals, including alcohol, narcotic drugs, and explosives has been discussed. In nutshell, nano-material based biosensors can offer a reliable means for finding forensically relevant evidence as they will also reduce analysis times, turn large instruments into compact chip-based platforms, and make investigations more timely, sensitive, and applicable leading to dismissal of the criminal case early. Overall, biosensors and in particular nanobiosensors offer a promising solution for many challenges faced by society today. As technology continues to advance, we can expect to see even more innovative applications of nanobiosensors in the future.