Community Of Origin Research Articles

Place Attachment and Related Aspects in the Urban Setting

This study reviewed previous studies on place attachment and related factors in the urban setting. Assessments were conducted on over one hundred peer-reviewed journal papers that met the selection criteria. The results were divided into six categories. Place attachment can improve each of the three dimensions of wellbeing. It can also mitigate the negative impacts of environmental stressors on wellbeing. Furthermore, traditional gardens and local landscape characteristics contribute to a stronger place attachment, depending on the degree to which they present local history and culture. Green landscapes can also help immigrants feel more connected to their community and place of origin. Social interaction has also been linked to the development of place attachment, which is stronger in low-income/deprived neighborhoods. Furthermore, higher place attachment promotes civic engagement and social trust. Place attachment also helps older people cope with aging difficulties in their living environments. Finally, there is a mutually beneficial association between place attachment and perceived neighborhood walkability, as well as a relationship between the scale of the place and the level of attachment. The various research gaps recognized by this study could be addressed in future studies to better understand the role of place attachment in creating sustainable urban environments.

Guidance on breastfeeding according to the child’s record: a version for the Karipúna Creole language

Breastfeeding provides nutrition and strengthens the bond between mother and baby, with positive impacts for the entire family. That is why it is recommended during the first six months of life, exclusively, and is supplemented until the age of two or more. Unfortunately, indigenous children were affected by early weaning, making it urgent to adapt the guidelines in the Child Health Handbook to the language of each ethnic group, in order to solve the lack of continuing education instruments for health professionals. This article presents the translation of the Child Health Handbook from Brazilian Portuguese to the language of the Crioulo Karipúna ethnic group, with regard to breastfeeding guidelines. The work was carried out by Nutrition students, with a proposal to return to society, especially to their indigenous community of origin, educational instruments to guide mothers and family members about breastfeeding.

Romani Bildungsroman – On the Cultural Trauma of Coming-of-Age as Presented in the Novels - City of Pain and City of Sin by Meti Kamberi

The aim of this paper is to analyze the articulation of cultural trauma of coming-of-age as depicted in the novels City of Pain and City of Sin by the young Romani author Meti Kamberi. The common feature of these two novels is that they both explore the traumatic childhood and coming –of-age experiences through the main protagonist’s point of view, suggesting that they either belong to the genres of autobiography and bildungsroman. Both novels are examined from the ethnic/minority bildungsroman perspective, with a particular focus on the personal experience narrative of coming-of-age of a Romani minority member in post-socialist Serbia as described in either of the two. Through illustrative examples, this paper demonstrates that the literary and artistic creations of minority populations can be a valuable ethnographic source for investigating their self-representations. The pages of these novels represent a space for articulating ethnic as well as racialized traumas, caused by both personal and transgenerational experiences of discrimination, stigmatization, and marginalization of the Romani population in this region. The thematization of life between two worlds, the dichotomy between the community of origin and the mainstream society, is a key characteristic of the Romani bildungsroman.

The Origin of the Scythians and the Identity of the Scythians and the Alans in John Tzetzes’ Work

Much has been said about the origin of the Scythians, but no academician or researcher has ever been able to provide evidence to reveal the identity of the Scythians. Today, the prevailing view about the origin of the Scythians is the view that they are of Indo-European origin. And this argument is supported by Western academics. No written sources say that the Scythians were of Indo-European origin or spoke an Indo-European language. The only thing that makes those a community of Indo-European origin is the arbitrary explanations of the personal names belonging to their language in Indo-European languages and the kinship relationship established between the Ossetians and Alans. No consistent explanation of the words of the Scythian language in Indo-European languages has been provided to date. However, very recently, in the light of written sources, more than one piece of evidence has been presented to shed light on the origins of the Scythians. This article aims to reveal the true identity of the Scythians and Alans in the work of the 12th-century Byzantine writer John Tzetzes in the ligt of these new evidences.

Determine the basic anthropometric standards and levels for the selection of young soccer goalkeepers

The research aims to find the standard grades and levels of the basic anthropometric measurements for the selection of junior football goalkeepers among the members of the research sample. The researcher adopted the descriptive approach in the survey method for its suitability to the nature of the problem as the most appropriate and easiest methodology to achieve the objectives of the study. The entire origin community, which makes the research more accurate and sober and gives reliable results with their validity and objectivity, As the researcher determined a set of tests according to the opinions of experts and specialists, as well as his acquaintance with the scientific literature for the tests and measurement, and after that the researcher collected and differentiated data in order to calculate the degree of each component, by determining the percentage of each according to its scientific basis, and the bag SPSS for data processing purposeAfter treating the test results statistically, the arithmetic means and their standard deviations were extracted by choosing the method of distributing (Gaussian curve) the T degree (T). Physical and sport sciences, as well as the researcher's use of the standard score modified by the sequential method as one of the standard methods for evaluating the numbers scored by goalkeepersNote that its values range from (100 - zero), i.e. from the highest to the lowest, and then present the arithmetic means, standard deviations, and standard levels of the results of the basic measurements of the subject of the study, and put them in tables and then analyze and discuss them in an accurate scientific manner supported by solid scientific sources, and through the results The statistical results obtained by the study in achieving the objectives of the selection and evaluation based on the standard scores and levels reached by the researcher gave conclusions and recommendations. Note that its values range from (100 - zero), i.e. from the highest to the lowest, and then present the arithmetic means, standard deviations, and standard levels of the results of the basic measurements of the subject of the study, and put them in tables and then analyze and discuss them in an accurate scientific manner supported by solid scientific sources, and through the results The statistical results obtained by the study in achieving the objectives of the selection and evaluation based on the standard scores and levels reached by the researcher gave conclusions and recommendations.

Rematriering som museal praksis

This article discusses repatriation and rematriation linked to museum practice. A number of return projects are taking place both nationally and internationally. Former colonial powers and nation-states thereby take responsibility for oppressed colonial objects, and indigenous peoples are gaining access to their own cultural heritage. In a decolonization perspective, ownership of one’s own cultural heritage is important. But what does that mean in practice? The board game sáhkku is used as an example of how cultural heritage can be activated when the community of origin has access to an object and the intangible knowledge linked to the use of the object. By being actively used, objects are rematriated in their context of origin in a new age. In this way, the object and the knowledge about it take on a new meaning. Theoretically, the philosopher Ricoeur’s perspectives on narrative identity are used, which implies that identity is the result of an interpretation process and that access to cultural expressions is crucial for the individual’s opportunity to shape their identity.

“[B]ury me with my fathers:” Seeking the Pastoral Relevance of Genesis 49:29 in the Nigerian Context

Jacob’s instruction to his children in Genesis 49:29 to bury him in Canaan finds relevance in Nigeria in the context of the importance attached to burial on ancestral land. In Nigeria, when it became unlawful to bury in residential areas, the emphasis shifted away from the ancestral land to burial in one’s country home. Hence, employing narrative analysis and the descriptive approach, the article examines the pastoral relevance of the text in contemporary Nigeria relative to burial on ancestral land. It finds that burial on ancestral land in ancient Israel and Nigeria served some socio-cultural purposes. In both contexts, the practice signifies that the deceased has died a good death. Burial sites are also a basis for asserting land rights, identity and belonging. The existence of the deceased’s tombs on the family land reflects the belief in an existing relationship between a people and their ancestors. The work concludes that while many aspects of the burial customs are no more relevant for contemporary Nigerian Christians, burying on the ancestral land still has socio-cultural values, such as inculcating regard for one’s community of origin, the need for regular reunion with relatives, and the importance of acceptable character. Therefore, in contemporary Nigeria, Genesis 49:29 is an appropriate passage for teaching these precepts during Christian burial services. Keywords: Jacob’s burial, Israelite burial customs, Ancestral veneration, Nigerian Christians and burial in the country home, Burial and character

“Our Dark Hands and Sore Backs”: The Comité Cívico Popular Mixteco and the New Grassroots Activism by Indigenous Mexican Migrants

Abstract In the 1980s, Indigenous people from southern Mexico migrated in considerable numbers to the United States. Among the most prominent groups were the Mixteco people from Oaxaca, who worked mainly as farmworkers on labor-intensive crops in San Diego and throughout California. Because they were incorporated at the bottom of a racialized labor hierarchy distinct from previous Mexican cohorts and in a period of increased border violence and anti-immigrant sentiments, these new migrants formed the Comité Cívico Popular Mixteco (CCPM). Building from their experiences in Mexico and the migrant circuit, the CCPM's goals were to address their needs as workers and claim their dignity as Indigenous people. Mixtecos organized demonstrations, press conferences, and solidarity, resembling the tactics of Chicano/a, Latino/a, and farmworker struggles. Although their activities appeared similar to historical efforts in California, this article argues that the CCPM drew from their experiences participating in their pueblos’ (community of origin) local form of communal governance. The pueblo provided the basis for their activism as they also produced new forms of social membership. The work of the CCPM at this moment demonstrates how a growing Indigenous political culture from southern Mexico in California was reconsidering ways to enact leadership, community, and activism across borders.

Nanopore adaptive sampling enriches for antimicrobial resistance genes in microbial communities.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health threat. Environmental microbial communities act as reservoirs for AMR, containing genes associated with resistance, their precursors, and the selective pressures promoting their persistence. Genomic surveillance could provide insights into how these reservoirs change and impact public health. Enriching for AMR genomic signatures in complex microbial communities would strengthen surveillance efforts and reduce time-to-answer. Here, we tested the ability of nanopore sequencing and adaptive sampling to enrich for AMR genes in a mock community of environmental origin. Our setup implemented the MinION mk1B, an NVIDIA Jetson Xavier GPU, and Flongle flow cells. Using adaptive sampling, we observed consistent enrichment by composition. On average, adaptive sampling resulted in a target composition 4× higher than without adaptive sampling. Despite a decrease in total sequencing output, adaptive sampling increased target yield in most replicates. We also demonstrate enrichment in a diverse community using an environmental sample. This method enables rapid and flexible genomic surveillance.

Community of origin, preferred community, and gender are predictors for veterinary graduates from Auburn University choosing rural food animal employment.

With 47 states experiencing a federally recognized veterinary shortage, it is important to identify areas of need and an evidence-based strategy for solving this complex problem. 478 graduates of the Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine. First destination outcomes for graduates from the Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine DVM classes of 2019 to 2022 (n = 478) were examined. Logistic regression and latent class analysis were conducted to identify variables that can predict a graduate's choice of employment in rural, food animal versus other employment settings. Results indicate that a graduate's community of origin (rural, suburban, urban), preferred community, and gender have the strongest relationships with choice of employment setting (location and type). These findings can be used to influence admissions practices by colleges of veterinary medicine to shape the demographics of veterinary classes and the potential practice location and types of veterinary graduates.

Rapid detection of gastrointestinal pathogens using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction gastrointestinal panel and its role in antimicrobial stewardship

ObjectivesThe FilmArray gastrointestinal panel (FAGIP) is widely used to detect infectious diarrhoea due to its outstanding sensitivity compared to conventional methods, but there is geographic variation, such as in the distribution of pathogens, among populations. MethodsThis was a retrospective study that analysed patients with acute diarrhoea who underwent FAGIP tests from all age groups during 2022. We compared positive rates of FAGIP between paediatric (n = 245) and adult patients (n = 242) of different origins. The targeted therapy rate and antimicrobial agent use rate were also analysed. ResultsAmong the 487 stool samples evaluated, the overall, community-origin (CO), and nosocomial (NC) positivity rates of paediatric patients were significantly higher than those of adults (73.9 % vs. 43.0 %, p = 0.000; 76.2 % vs. 51.7 %, p = 0.000; 50.0 % vs. 19.7 %, p = 0.000). Salmonella was the most frequently detected pathogen (35.9 %) in children, while the predominant pathogen in adult patients was toxin A/B-genic Clostridioides difficile (13.2 %). There was a significantly lower antimicrobial agent use rate after FAGIP results were available (79.1 % vs. 64.5 %, p = 0.000) and a higher rate of targeted therapy towards C. difficile infection in adults than in children (84.4 % vs. 69.0 %, p = 0.011). ConclusionPaediatric diarrhoea patients showed higher positivity rates than adult patients. Application of FAGIP for acute diarrhoea might lower unnecessary antimicrobial use.

A Reappraisal of the Origins of European Integration: From Wartime Planning to the Schuman Plan

Thanks to its innovative supranational features, the European Coal and Steel Community is widely recognized as the cornerstone of the European integration process. This article offers an alternative history of the European Coal and Steel Community's origins by highlighting the role of transnational expertise and public diplomacy. More precisely, this study seeks to demonstrate that the policies carried out by Jean Monnet, the mastermind of European Coal and Steel Community's blueprint, originated from the plans elaborated by the New York-based think tank Council on Foreign Relations. While advising the Roosevelt and Truman administrations, the Council on Foreign Relations formed a policy network with European policymakers sharing similar political values and goals. Although the interactions between these figures have never been studied, new findings reveal that the Council on Foreign Relations–Monnet partnership proved instrumental in improving inter-Allied coordination, managing postwar recovery and framing the idea of European unity. Eventually, the Council on Foreign Relations helped Monnet to define, adjust and promote the European Coal and Steel Community Treaty draft. In this perspective, the foundation of the first European institution derived from a long-term strategic design rooted in wartime planning and transatlantic diplomatic exchanges.

Strategi Pembentukan Karakter Tanggung Jawab di Panti Asuhan Amanah V Suku Canduang Kab. Agam

The case in this research is to explain: What is the strategy for creating a responsible personality at the Amanah V Kaum Canduang Orphanage, Agam Regency. The aim of this research is: To define strategies for creating a responsible personality at the Amanah V Kaum Canduang Orphanage, Kab. Religion. The aim of this research is to identify strategies for forming the character of responsibility in the Amanah V orphanage for the Canduang community in Kab. Agam, Supporter and Advocate of Personality Creation at the Kaum V Orphanage, Canduang Regency, Agam. The procedures used by the author in this research are qualitative descriptive research procedures. The important informants in this research are guards or caretakers as well as guiding children in orphanages. Procedures for collecting information through monitoring, questions and answers and deeds. The procedure for analyzing information uses 3 steps, namely descriptive (analysis), information reduction, and information understanding. To test the validity of the information, the triangulation method is used, namely basic principles, procedures and philosophy. The results of this research prove that developing a responsible personality is very important for orphans. (1) The strategy for creating a responsible personality is making the bed every morning, cleaning the dishes after eating, practicing diligently, cleaning one's own clothes, and praying together at the prayer room near the orphanage. upbringing. (2) The aspect that supports and advocates strategies for creating a responsible personality has been attached to the family or community of origin before entering the institution, and is still carried over when living in the institution, and the emergence of a heavy-handed character and bored impulses that originate from the child. self. The support of guards, teachers, caretakers, areas and associations in the orphanage is very supportive for creating a responsible personality.

A Prospective Cohort Study on Spectrum of Community Acquired Late Onset Neonatal Pneumonia: An Eye Opener for Neonatal Care

Background Acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRTIs) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in infants in low- and middle-income countries. We emphasize the differences in presentation and outcome between viral and bacterial origin community acquired ALRTI in late neonatal period. Methods All consecutively admitted neonates, aged 7 days or older, with features of ALRTI were included in the study, other than babies referred with prior hospital stay, congenital airway malformations and heart disease. Relevant investigations including nasopharyngeal swab polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and blood culture were done for etiological diagnosis. The predisposing factors, presenting features and short-term outcomes were compared between viral and bacterial etiology cohorts. Results Half of the 89 babies had primary viral infections, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) being predominant (n = 21, 23.6%); 27 (30.3%) had bacterial infections, while no organisms were identified in 18% cases. Ten babies (11.2%) had COVID-19 and 4 (4.5%) had pertussis. Small for date (n = 15, 55.5%, p < .001) and history of past sick neonatal care unit admission were significantly higher (n = 20, 74.1%, p = .009) in babies with bacterial isolates. Median age of presentation was day 10 (interquartile range [IQR] 8-12). Bacterial ALRTI was more severe with significantly high respiratory score ( p < .001), need for invasive ventilation ( p < .001), systemic complications, and mortality ( p = .012), while viral ALRTI group required longer respiratory support and hospital stay ( p < .001). Conclusions PCR based methods are important in etiological diagnosis of community acquired late onset neonatal pneumonia. Such ALRTI is mostly of viral origin, and this is less likely to be fatal but require longer hospital stay than bacterial pneumonia.

Grieving in the “Golden Cage”: How Unauthorized Immigrants Contend with Death and Mourn from Afar

AbstractIn the past four decades, the United States has created a population of long-term unauthorized immigrants. As this population ages, issues of death and dying are increasingly salient. Though we know much about how families maintain close bonds despite geographic distance, death and dying remain undertheorized in transnational family scholarship. Yet the death of a family member can significantly impact family structure and functions. Based on ethnographic and interview data collected from 2017–2023 with unauthorized Mexican immigrants and their families, this study examines how unauthorized immigrants anticipate and mourn the death of family members in their community of origin and how their undocumented status creates challenges for themselves and their families after a transnational death.I find that the specter of transnational death shapes the emotional wellbeing of older unauthorized immigrants years before they experience it. Undocumented status creates and compounds transnational grief, leading to additional challenges. Individuals use a variety of strategies to grieve, including mourning by proxy, paying for funeral expenses, and participating virtually. This research advances immigration scholarship by uncovering underappreciated social and emotional penalties imposed by current immigration laws and highlighting the value of mourning as a collective ritual –– the absence of which has lasting costs.

Protection and Repatriation of Cultural Heritage – Country Report: Indonesia

This article provides a broad overview of Indonesia’s current post-independence legislation and practice with respect to cultural heritage protection and repatriation. We highlight several challenges that hamper the effective implementation and enforcement of this framework, particularly in relation to repatriation processes of foreign-held cultural objects. We furthermore explore how the State-centric discourse that surrounds Indonesia’s cultural heritage protection and repatriation policies impede locally-led activism related to cultural heritage, particularly in relation to value production and sense of ownership. Overall, we highlight the importance of co-creation in knowledge production processes and crime-prevention methods concerning cultural heritage to maximize effectiveness. Agency, access, and ownership were violently removed through the colonial looting of Indonesian cultural heritage, so the first step towards restorative justice should be reinstating this to the communities of origin, or to the Indonesian government when the rightful origin community cannot be identified. This concerns not only the cultural objects themselves, but also their digital and physical lives, i.e. the knowledge and expertise created based on these objects.

Obstacles to Achieving the Goals in the Curriculum of the Social Subject for the Seventh Grade Basic in the Point of View of Educators and Teachers

This study aimed to identify the obstacles to achieving the goals in the curriculum of the social subject for the seventh grade basic in the point of view of educators and teachers in the city of Erbil for the academic year (2021-2022), from the point of view of: Identify differences in statistical significance and differences in statistical significance in the social curriculum for the seventh grade from the point of view of educational supervisors and teachers in Erbil city, for variables (sex and experiences interaction between supervisors and teachers).The research community is made up of supervisors and teachers of the seventh grade social studies of both sexes (male) and female, the researcher was taken to the community randomly, consisting of (8) supervisors and (100) teachers of the subject of sociology for the seventh grade basic, to achieve the objectives of the study used the researcher descriptive curriculum. In order to prepare the study tool, the researcher benefited from sources consisting of the parameters of the constraints of the social book i took. Which we adapted to the environment of society, and the researcher reaffirms the sincerity of the tool, by distributing the questionnaire form to (11) experts and specialists from Salaheddine University, as well as from the stability and sincerity of the tool, the researcher distributed the research tool to 45 teachers from the community of origin, and then implemented the stability of the research tool by the program (SPSS) Which consisted of 40 lines and in the last 31 lines and became the study tool of five areas.

The Understanding of Democracy as a Measure of Integration: An Examination of the Change in Integration Discourse Around the Democracy Debate Based on the Case of the Turkish Diaspora in Germany

This article discusses the intensified debate about people of Turkish origin in Germany in the context of speculations about deviating understandings of democracy among the Turkish diasporas. Based on the thesis that a change in German integration discourse from measurable material achievements of the migrant community to immaterial aspects of adaptation with regard to norms and values is taking place, an argument for a discourse-theoretical perception of this debate is developed, whereby existing forms of the negatively connoted foreign construction of the community of Turkish origin are discussed.

Adoptees relearning their heritage languages: A postcolonial reading of language and dialogue in transnational adoption

AbstractThis theoretical article reflects on a recent development in adult literacy studies: transnational adoptees relearning their heritage languages. Literacy and adoption scholars have studied the replacement of the heritage language with a second language and reported it as a permanent loss. Returning to the country of origin, return adoptees challenge such notion by relearning the heritage language as part of their homecoming. We explore how this heritage language relearning could be seen as a renegotiation of the language hierarchies between the adoptive community and the community of origin of languages in the relationship between the adoptive region and the region of origin. Building on Gayatri Chakrabarty Spivak’s “Enabling Violation” concept, we deploy a postcolonial perspective on understanding heritage language relearning in transnational adoptees. We discuss how language relearning can challenge and reproduce the asymmetrical relation between adoptees’ position in the Global North and their first families in the Global South. We argue that heritage language relearning can open the door for adoptees to engage with transnational literacy, carving out global learning trajectories and reconnecting their adoptive and first world. The last section of this article discusses adoption organisations’ dialectic response to this shift by partaking in the organisation of heritage language classes for adoptees. We argue that adult education centres and literacy educators can play a pivotal role in further institutionalising these heritage language classes for transnational adoptees.

Whose Information? What Knowledge? Collaborative Work and a Plea for Referenced Collection Databases

In this article, I attempt to trace and reflect on how and what knowledge emerged when I discussed historical artifacts with members of the community of origin. The information coming up during our collaborative work sessions does not easily fit into existing standard categories of collection databases. Rather than issues such as protagonists, dates, locations, etc. of photo shoots, or materials, methods of production and uses, etc. of objects, our conversations were about relations between people, life circumstances, uncertainties, legitimate informants, and social meanings. The emergent knowledge, as I argue, did not simply reflect different concerns or perspectives of community members as compared to those of scholars and provided for in database fields but was co-produced from all participants’ prior knowledges through concerted doings. Without presenting a ready-made solution, I further argue that we need to find ways of accommodating references into our collection databases revealing authors and ways of knowledge production.