Community Monitoring System Research Articles

Rectal artesunate for severe malaria, implementation research, Zambia.

To determine whether the positive results of a single-district pilot project focused on rectal artesunate administration at the community level in Zambia could be replicated on a larger scale. In partnership with government, in 10 rural districts during 2018-2021 we: (i)trained community health volunteers to administer rectal artesunate to children with suspected severe malaria and refer them to a health facility; (ii)supported communities to establish emergency transport, food banks and emergency savings to reduce referral delays; (iii)ensured adequate drug supplies; (iv)trained health workers to treat severe malaria with injectable artesunate; and (v)monitored severe malaria cases and associated deaths via surveys, health facility data and a community monitoring system. Intervention communities accessed quality-assured rectal artesunate from trained community health volunteers, and follow-on treatment for severe malaria from health workers. Based on formal data from the health management information system, reported deaths from severe malaria reduced significantly from 3.1% (22/699; 95% confidence interval, CI: 2.0-4.2) to 0.5% (2/365; 95% CI: 0.0-1.1) in two demonstration districts, and from 6.2% (14/225; 95% CI: 3.6-8.8) to 0.6% (2/321; 95% CI: 0.0-1.3) in eight scale-up districts. Despite the effects of the coronavirus disease, our results confirmed that pre-referral rectal artesunate administered by community health volunteers can be an effective intervention for severe malaria among young children. Our results strengthen the case for wider expansion of the pre-referral treatment in Zambia and elsewhere when combined with supporting interventions.

Teacher education strategy for using of intelligent learning system

본 연구는 지능형학습시스템 활용에 따른 교사교육 전략에 관한 것이다. 지능형학습시스템 활용은 교수학습에 상당한 영향을 미칠 수 있는데 이에 대한 연구가 미흡한 실정이다. 이에 지능형학습시스템의 개념과 역할, 그리고 개발 실태에 대한 분석을 하고 지능형학습시스템 활용에 필요한 교수학습 유형, 교사교육 프로그램 개발에 필요한 전략을 제시하였다. 지능형학습시스템은 적용형학습시스템, 고급 가상학습 시스템이라고도 불리며 학습자의 학업 배경, 학습태도, 반응 수준에 따라서 학습내용을 차별적으로 제공하는 인공지능응용프로그램으로서 국내외에서 개발 운영하고 있다. 국내에서는 경남교육청 아이톡톡시스템, 해외에서는 민간과 대학을 중심으로 개발하고 있는데 Mathia, Thinkster 등 국내외 모두에서 수학 교과가 주류를 이루고 있다. 이러한 지능형학습시스템의 핵심 역할은 학습자를 지속적으로 모니터링, 평가하면서 학습자의 스타일과 수준에 적합한 콘텐츠를 제공하는 것이다. 구체적으로 퀴즈 제공과 피드백, 언어학습 시스템, 학습자 커뮤니티 모니터링 시스템 등이 있다. 한편 이와 같은 시스템 활용에 적합한 교수학습 유형은 개인화학습, 적응형학습, 역량중심수업, 블랜디드학습으로 제시하였다. 개인화수업은 기존부터 존재했던 수업 유형인데 지능형학습시스템으로 현실화된 것이며 역량 중심 수업은 같은 공간, 같은 시간에 학습하는 형태를 탈피하여 목표를 달성할 때까지 학습을 진행한다는 개념의 수업유형이다. 이에 필요한 교사 교육 전략은 지능형학습시스템을 활용하기에 적합한 교육내용 선정 방법을 안내해야 하며, 교사가 수업의 보조자 역할을 이해하고 실천하는 방법에 대한 교육이 필요하다. 또한 지능형학습시스템 및 인공지능 이해 프로그램을 운영해야 한다.This study is about the teacher education strategy according to the use of the intelligent learning system. The use of intelligent learning systems can have a significant impact on teaching and learning, but studies on this are insufficient. Accordingly, the concept, role, and development of the intelligent learning system were analyzed, and the types of teaching and learning required for the use of the intelligent learning system and strategies necessary for the development of teacher education programs were presented. The intelligent learning system, also called an adaptive learning system or advanced virtual learning system, is an artificial intelligence application program that differentially provides learning content according to the learner's academic background, learning attitude, and response level, and is being developed and operated at home and abroad. In Korea, the Gyeongnam Office of Education's System is being developed overseas, with private universities and colleges developing it. Mathematics subjects are the mainstream in both domestic and foreign countries. The core role of such an intelligent learning system is to provide content suitable for the learner's style and level while continuously monitoring and evaluating the learner. Specifically, there are quiz provision and feedback, a language learning system, and a learner community monitoring system. On the other hand, the types of teaching and learning suitable for using such a system were presented as personalized learning, adaptive learning, competency-oriented class, and blended learning. Personalized learning is a class type that has existed before, but it has been realized with an intelligent learning system. Competency-oriented learning is a class type with the concept of learning until the goal is achieved by breaking away from the form of learning in the same space and time. The necessary teacher education strategies should guide how to select the appropriate educational content to utilize the intelligent learning system, and it is necessary to educate the teacher on how to understand and practice the role of an assistant in class. In addition, an intelligent learning system and artificial intelligence understanding program should be operated.

“Yakety yak: Don’t talk back”: An autopsy of anonymity gone awry

This article compares the socio-legal factors and challenges contributing to the failure of the deceased anonymous, hyperlocal platform, Yik Yak, with a living anonymous, hyperlocal platform, Jodel. By analysing each platform’s Terms of Service (ToS) statements alongside their guidelines and values, the article traces how anonymous, hyperlocal applications both diverge from and mirror communication law in fashioning their approaches to content moderation and responses to the dark side of communication. The article concludes that in contrast with Yik Yak, which attempted to rely on its ToS and limited community monitoring system to curb cyberbullying and harassment, the case of Jodel—and by extension, the German approach to regulating hate speech and bullying—suggests that surviving hyperlocal, anonymous platforms of U.S. origin should not solely hide behind Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act (CDA). Instead, they should aim to combine (1) robust ToS statements with (2) specific community values or guidelines that are fortified by (3) a comprehensive monitoring system in order to curb abusive behaviour on their platforms.

Community-Based Monitoring of Oil Extraction: Lessons Learned in the Ecuadorian Amazon

This paper reports on an ongoing initiative that seeks to enhance the detection, monitoring, and reporting capabilities of local communities in the Northern Ecuadorian Amazon through the introduction of hardware and digital tools, as a strategy to strengthen their ability to produce socio-environmental evidence. A Community Based Monitoring (CBM) system has been created to link social organizations, fighting for environmental justice, and academics working on the region in topics related to oil extraction and environmental change. This paper first, conceptualize the need for rural participatory systems of data collection, analysis, and distribution of environmental liabilities in extractive frontiers. Second, the paper provides a description of this community monitoring system in the Ecuadorian Amazon, in a way that can be used by communities and researchers in different contexts. Finally, the paper reflects on lessons learned to understand the main challenges and opportunities of similar systems.

Research on Face Tracking in Community Monitoring System

This paper proposes a block Mean-Shift algorithm based on target real-time update and LBP texture features, through the target update improves the accuracy of target tracking, enhances the local character of the target through the target block, so as to improve the robustness of algorithm based on skin color backgrounds. And then analyze the Mean-Shift algorithm cannot recover quickly lost target tracking defects, and its improvement by combining the frame difference method.

Design and Implementation of the Application Layer Communication Protocol based on Wireless Sensor Network

The user-defined communication protocol is the key step to develop application system based on Wireless Sensor Network. Through the analysis on the application of the wireless sensor network architecture and communication needs, a kind of simple and practical application layer communication protocol with detailed design of protocol data structure is proposed in this paper. Based on that, a communication protocol programming prototype is written in C# language. Through the test of wireless sensor network intelligent community monitoring system, it proves that the system data transmission based on this proposal is reliable and programming is simple and convenient. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v11i8.3141

Design on Manufacturing Engineering Community Monitoring System Based on Wireless Sensor Network

With the continuous development of economy and science technology, residential area shows the intelligent, humane and diverse development trends, residential security has been paid more and more attention. Community monitoring system provides security living environment for district residents, wireless sensor network technology provides an opportunity for security monitoring system and wireless network. On the foundation of wireless sensor network, constructing the intelligent community security monitoring system, the wireless communication node is designed, to carry out the study of the network communication protocol and algorithm. The experimental results show that this monitoring control system has low power consumption, functional diversity and communication stability, which is applicable to a variety of conditions of community security monitoring.

The Design and Implementation of Intelligent Community Monitoring System

This paper designs a stable, efficient and intelligent video surveillance system, which is based on the review and analysis of the domestic and internation. And it is related research work on the basis of the intelligent security monitoring. The system is used by the Web server and database server model, and it can detect the moving object in scene of monitor. Firstly this paper analyzes the structure of server system, it uses B/S, database, ActiveX technology and is completed finally. Secondly this paper realizes the video image data in bulk storage, read, update and maintenance by using the database. The bmp format will be converted to JPG format effectively to realize the image database compression. It is valued to the video image data storage and management. Finally, the accuracy and response time can be improved in moving object detection, which is based on background subtraction method

Free Health Care Policy in Nepal: Recent Trend and Challenges

The willingness to pay for services can not be equated with ability to pay for it. Despite of Alma-Ata declaration in 1978, developing countries have numerous challenges to meet the goal of health for all. In the quest for increasing access to health for all, Government of Nepal has recently introduced free health care policy. The efficacy of its implementation, operational challenges and issues related to the free health care, need to be reviewed. The unnecessary use of services, quality of care, risk of medicalization of public health services, mismanagement of drugs and health worker resistance towards the policy are some of its key challenges. To overcome these, community awareness and participation to monitor implementation of the policy is necessary and long term efficacy of this service has yet to be observed. Key words: community monitoring system; free health care policy; participation DOI: 10.3126/jnhrc.v7i2.3024 Journal of Nepal Health Research Council Vol.7(2) Apr 2009 138-139