Information Management Community Research Articles

Quality challenges in Deep Learning Data Collection in perspective of Artificial Intelligence

With reinforcement learning powered by big data and computer infrastructure, data-centric AI is driving a fundamental shift in the way software is developed. To treat data as a first-class citizen on par with code, software engineering must be rethought in this situation. One surprise finding is how much time is spent on data preparation throughout the machine learning process. Even the most powerful machine learning algorithms will struggle to perform adequately in the absence of high-quality data. Advanced technologies that are data-centric are being used more frequently as a result. Unfortunately, a lot of real-world datasets are small, unclean, biased, and occasionally even tainted. In this study, we focus on the scientific community for data collecting and data quality for deep learning applications. Data collection is essential since modern algorithms for deep learning rely mostly on large-scale data collecting than classification techniques. To enhance data quality, we investigate data validation, cleaning, and integration techniques. Even if the data cannot be completely cleaned, robust model training strategies enable us to work with imperfect data during training the model. Furthermore, despite the fact that that these issues have gotten less attention in conventional data management studies, bias and fairness are significant themes in modern application of machine learning. In order to prevent injustice, we investigate controls for fairness and strategies for doing so before, during, and after model training. We believe the information management community is in a good position to address these problems.

Relationship between helicobacter pylori infection and type 2 diabetes using machine learning BPNN mathematical model under community information management

ObjectiveThis exploration aims to explore the effect of Helicobacter pylori infection on blood glucose mechanism and gastric function in patients with type 2 diabetes under the background of electronic medicine, and the effect of community information management platform on health management efficiency of patients with Helicobacter pylori, so as to lay the foundation for clinical research on Helicobacter pylori participation in the mechanism of type 2 diabetes. MethodsIn this paper, 300 patients who were treated in our hospital from June 2016 to June 2019 were selected as the research object. Among them, 228 patients with type 2 diabetes were recorded as the experimental group, and 72 patients with non-type 2 diabetes were recorded as the control group. 13C breath test and serum IgG antibody test were performed on each research object. Patients infected with Helicobacter pylori in the experimental group were divided into groups according to the degree of urine albumin excretion. Urinary albumin excretion rate was <30 mg/24 h as group A, between [30,300]mg/24 h as group B, and greater than 300 mg/24 h as group C. The control group was recorded as group D. Blood biochemical indexes and gastroscopy were detected in the four groups; the blood biochemical indexes of each group were compared and analyzed by statistical software; the artificial intelligence health information platform in community information management was established, and the mathematical prediction model of diabetes was established based on Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN). ResultsThe proportion of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with type 2 diabetes was 60%, and the proportion of Helicobacter pylori infection in the control group was 40%. There was a significant difference in fasting blood glucose indicator and cholesterol indicator between group C and group D, P < 0.05. There was a significant difference in the percentage indicator of glycated protein between group A and group C, P < 0.05. There was a significant difference in normal gastroscopy between group A and group D, P < 0.05. In the process of training, the error of the train set of the mathematical model based on BPNN is gradually reduced, and it has good convergence. When the number of hidden layer units is 3, the AUC (Area Under Curve) of train set is the largest. When the number of hidden layer units is 1, the AUC of the test set is the largest, so the network model with one hidden layer unit is selected. ConclusionThe community use efficiency of each performance of the artificial intelligence health information platform in community information management has been significantly improved compared with that before optimization, which can improve the health management level on the basis of patients' electronic medical information.

How can artificial intelligence enhance car manufacturing? A Delphi study-based identification and assessment of general use cases

The latest boom of artificial intelligence (AI) has left the information management community in strong need of structure-providing, high-level overview works. Such works are supposed to allow both researchers and practitioners to keep track of that steep development across the technology's numerous possible application domains. So it is among other things that AI is said to incorporate enormous potential for reducing the operational costs of car manufacturers all over the globe. Nevertheless, many of them are still struggling with adopting it at large scale just because of a lack of knowledge on if and where to apply it. This study is therefore designed to find out which general use cases exist for AI within the context of car manufacturing and which ones might be the most promising ones to pursue at this early stage. We conducted a Delphi study with 39 experts in 25 different globally scattered organizations over one and a half years. As a result, we were able to identify 20 different high-level use cases for AI along the entire car manufacturing process. Our panelists have completely ranked and assessed those 20 use cases within two different dimensions, i.e., their estimated business value and their realizability. Besides being the first study to provide such an overview at one glance and to give such quantitative insights on that steeply emerging topic, four use cases from that list have never been discussed in connection with car manufacturing within the scientific literature until now and can therefore be considered as completely new in that regard.

Research on Internet of Things Technology and Its Application in Building Smart Communities

The Internet of Things technology is widely used in many industries and fields, including smart production and management, smart transportation and environmental protection, industrial monitoring and social security. Community construction is turning to smart communities. The construction of smart communities mainly uses network communication system facilities to realize the integrated networking of community residents and public facilities, to carry out information management of community residents, living and service facilities, and to improve the living environment by using modern technical measures. Aiming at the decentralization of IoT technology and smart community fusion products, an integrated information system platform needs to be built. In this article, the overall design framework of smart communities based on Internet of Things technologies is studied, and the smart community information management platform is divided into several main parts; Each part as Subsystem, discusses the basic functions of the subsystem, and finally realizes the intelligent construction of the smart community as a whole. We start work from the reality of the systematic construction of smart communities, combining with the latest Internet of Things technology, research and build a smart community information management platform with a unified architecture to achieve unified management and scheduling of smart community sub-products.

A Sustainable world with cartography

Abstract. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development or also known as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is the new global paradigm and blueprint to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all. To collectively achieve the SDGs, the global community agreed on 17 Goals as a baseline framework to measure and monitor its growth. How to measure and monitor development progress by countries has been a long-standing debate since the era of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in the 2000s but with the establishment of Inter-Agency and Expert Group on SDG Indicators (IAEG-SDGs), the SDGs have a clearer framework on how to monitor progress and the global community are grappling on how to effectively collect, analyse, visualise and report their successes.Within the United Nations, there is the desire to elaborate collectively principles and tools on how best to report the SDGs at country and local level as its success lies in the ownership and accountability at all levels. The Secretary-General of the United Nations is looking into how technologies can accelerate the SDGs and to facilitate the alignments with the values enshrined in the United Nations Charter, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and the norms and standards of International Laws.In this paradigm, what should be the role of cartographers and geospatial information management experts to ensure how maps and geospatial information can be effectively used by the global community to communicate their challenges and successes from planning to implementing, monitoring, analysing, visualising and reporting on sustainable development? This paper argues the importance of understanding the challenges, asking questions to the policy makers, sharing best practices and building a consensus on the issues surrounding the SDGs before demonstrating the diverse cartographic skills available to design and communicate the intended message better. Hence, the importance of context has never changed and provides the cartographic and geospatial information management community an opportunity to demonstrate the potential and to provide effective support through cartography for the accomplishment of the sustainable development agenda.

THE CONCEPT OF INFORMATION - COMMUNICATION MANAGEMENT : DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE

This articleanalyzes the concept of information-communication management highlighting the trends of society and knowledge economy development, the necessary changes in the innovation, the importance of lifelong learning, information networks creation and partnership in exchange of knowledge.Information-communication management is analyzed in terms of economic, analytical, organizational and systematic approach. Information-communication management development trendspeculiar to the Ukraine are highlighted. Based on the analysis of scientific articles, comparative insights into foreign states’experience and information-communication management solutions for the introduction of information technologies that predetermine the development of the information societyare presented there. The article summarizes the national (Ukrainian) and foreign authors’ research results, the information-communication management development trends are setas well as information-communication management development solutionsare provided.

Running a network on a shoestring: the Global Invasive Species Information Network

The Global Invasive Species Information Network (GISIN) was conceptualized in 2004 to aggregate and disseminate invasive species data in a standardized way. A decade later the GISIN community has implemented a data portal and three of six GISIN data aggregation models in the GISIN data exchange Protocol, including invasive species status information, resource URLs, and occurrence data. The portal is based on a protocol developed by representatives from 15 countries and 27 organizations of the global invasive species information management community. The GISIN has 19 data providers sharing 34,343 species status records, 1,693,073 occurrences, and 15,601 resource URLs. While the GISIN's goal is to be global, much of its data and funding are provided by the United States. Several initiatives use the GISIN as their information backbone, such as the Great Lakes Early Detection Network (GLEDN) and the North American Invasive Species Network (NAISN). Here we share several success stories and organizational challenges that remain.

The Model of Fuzzy Retrieval Based on External Index

With the rapid development of the Internet, database is getting more and more attention for its advantages of high concurrency, high scalability and high availability. In order to solve the problem that how to retrieving the data in the database efficiently and accurately, a model of fuzzy retrieval based on external index is proposed in this paper. By this external index, the efficiency of the NoSQL databases retrieval whose column not be appointed is greatly improved. As an example, the Cassandra database is adopted to store the data and the external index is stored in the national databases. A community information management system is utilized to show the feasibility of the model. The results show that the model can save a lot of time in retrieval whose column not be appointed. Moreover, this model can also be used to some other NoSQL databases.

The Role of Data Repositories in Humanitarian Information Management and Crisis Mapping

In this paper we provide an overview of the current state of data repositories designed to manage spatial data holdings for the humanitarian sector, paying particular attention to the role of repositories in crisis mapping. We discuss how geospatial data repositories function in the larger humanitarian information management community and how repository architecture choices affect these functions. We close by noting current trends in portal design and management.

Regulating for Sustainability: Property Issues

This report offers proposals in the hope they may inform development of a more systematic and integrated approach to the creation, definition and recording of statutory rights, restrictions and obligations (‘RRR’) affecting land parcels. While much progress has been made by Australia’s land information management community over many years, we believe the task has been unduly complicated by over-extension of property rights and concepts into an area which is essentially administrative and regulatory. We propose better definition and specification of the RRR in the statutes which authorize their creation, and a more systematic approach to their recording.

Highlighting the archives perspective in the personal digital archiving discussion

PurposeThe topic of personal archives has mainly been discussed by two research traditions in information science: archives and records management, and personal information management. The purpose of this paper is to compare a corpus of the archival literature written by the archival community with the concepts and challenges posed by Catherine Marshall, who exemplifies the personal information management approach. Many of the personal digital archiving challenges that Marshall identifies are related to discussions within the archival community.Design/methodology/approachIn order to demonstrate the similarities between Marshall's work with the archival discussion about personal archiving, Marshall's challenges, tasks and attributes of personal digital archiving were compared with a total of 33 articles from two library and information science databases.FindingsMany of the personal digital archiving challenges that Marshall identifies are related to discussions in the archival community. The author suggests that certain aspects of the archival literature may be utilized to address Marshall's identified challenges. Lastly, future collaborations between members of the archival community and members of the personal information management community may prove useful in addressing the challenges of personal digital archivingOriginality/valueThe paper demonstrates that two areas of information science share ideas about how to address the issues related to personal archives, but rarely consult one another when writing about personal digital archiving. The author highlights the archives and records management tradition in an attempt to introduce the literature to the broader discussion on personal digital archives being had by the personal information management tradition.

The AGROVOC Concept Server: rationale, goals and usage

PurposeThe main objective of the AGROVOC Concept Server (CS) is to create a collaborative reference platform and a “one‐stop” shop for a pool of commonly used concepts related to agriculture, containing terms, definitions and relationships between terms in multiple languages derived from various sources. This paper aims to address the issues.Design/methodology/approachThe CS offers a centralised facility where the agricultural information management community can build and share agricultural knowledge in a collaborative environment.FindingsThe advantages of the CS are its extensibility and modularity that provide the possibility to extend the type of information that can be stored in this system based on user/community needs.Research limitations/implicationsFurther investigation still needs to be done on the modularisation of the CS (i.e. the creation of separated ontologies that can still be connected, in order to have domain‐related ontologies and to allow for better performance of the CS).Practical implicationsThe CS serves as starting point for the development of specific domain ontologies where multilinguality and the localised representation of knowledge are essential issues. Furthermore, it will offer additional services in order to expose the knowledge to be consumed by other applications.Originality/valueThe CS Workbench provides the AGROVOC partners with the possibility to directly and collaboratively edit the AGROVOC CS. It thus provides the opportunity for direct and open “many‐to‐many” communication links between communities, avoiding decentralised communication between partners and duplication of effort. For the international community, it may allow users to manage, re‐use or extend agriculture‐related knowledge for better interoperability and for improved services.

Research in information managment at Dublin City University

The Information Management Group at Dublin City University has research themes such as digital multimedia, interoperable systems and database engineering. In the area of digital multimedia, a collaboration with our School of Electronic Engineering has formed the Centre for Digital Video Processing, a university designated research centre whose aim is to research, develop and evaluate content-based operations on digital video information. To achieve this goal, the range of expertise in this centre covers the complete gamut from image analysis and feature extraction through to video search engine technology and interfaces to video browsing. The Interoperable Systems Group has research interests in federated databases and interoperability, object modelling and database engineering. This report describes the research activities of the major groupings within the Information Management community in Dublin City University.

Building a case for evidence: research at the International Records Management Trust, Rights and Records Institute

The availability of documentary evidence strengthens civil society by helping to protect legal rights and prevent human rights violations. Legal redress, voting rights, land registration and pension claims all depend upon the availability of records. Conversely, the loss of control of records undermines the state‘s ability to protect the people. Furthermore, in the absence of well‐managed records, information can be manipulated, transparency becomes impossible and fraud flourishes. Citizens cannot participate meaningfully in the governance process or hold government officials accountable for their actions and decisions. Freedom of Information is meaningless. The International Records Management Trust, Rights and Records Institute is dedicated to serving the international information management community. It acts as a leading resource for technical information and services through research and education. Through its activities, the Institute seeks to empower developing country governments to manage public records in support of citizen’s rights and to make public sector service delivery more efficient and economic. This article introduces broadly the work of the Trust and the newly established Rights and Records Institute and inform on both ongoing and completed research.

The role of spatial information systems in environmental emergency management

The recent advances that have taken place in the development and use of spatial information systems by environmental professionals for emergency preparedness and response have made it an exciting new area for information science research. Although the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act of 1986, and the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, have been widely publicized both in the United States and abroad, the unique data handling issues associated with the use of spatial information have not been satisfactorily addressed by the information management community. This article will review the use of spatial data by environmental managers and emergency responders who are charged with the responsibility to perform hazard assessments, identify the location of toxic and hazardous materials, deploy emergency resources, and review demographic data to ensure the safety of the public and the surrounding communities. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.