Community Health Service Centers Research Articles

Evaluation of the knowledge, awareness, and attitudes toward epilepsy among general practitioners in Eastern China

ObjectiveWe aimed to assess the knowledge, awareness, and attitudes toward epilepsy among general practitioners (GPs) from community health service centers (CHCs) in Hangzhou, Eastern China. MethodsOne hundred twenty three GPs working at CHCs participated in this cross-sectional study in 2022. A custom-built electronic questionnaire, which comprised four domains, including 12 items for general condition data, 10 items for awareness (including first aid), a 16-item scale for attitudes, and 6 items for demographic data, was administered to the GPs. Descriptive statistics, the Mann-Whitney U test, the Kruskal-Wallis H test, and Spearman’s rank correlation analysis were used to analyze the non-normal distribution of the data set. ResultsThe GPs’ average score on the awareness of epilepsy section was 18.14 ± 3.34 (aggregate score: 34), the first aid knowledge of epilepsy section scored 4.89 ± 1.54 (aggregate score: 7), and the epilepsy attitude section scored 62.28 ± 10.15 (aggregate score: 80). Age (rs = 0.218, P = 0.015), professional title (rs = 0.215, P = 0.017), and length of service (rs = 0.240, P = 0.008) correlated significantly with mean awareness of epilepsy scores. Age (rs = −0.234, P = 0.009) and educational background (rs = 0.199, P = 0.028) correlated significantly with attitudes toward epilepsy. Furthermore, when GPs faced newly diagnosed people with epilepsy (PWE), a referral was usually recommended (89.43%) and some would give Chinese traditional treatment (13.01%). In addition, the difficulties the GPs encountered in managing included PWE rarely appearing in the community (82.93%), the community lacking corresponding medical equipment (82.11%), and GPs lacking epilepsy-related experience (73.17%). ConclusionThe awareness and attitudes of GPs toward epilepsy in the CHCs were suboptimal. General practitioners age, professional title, length of service, and educational background influenced awareness and attitudes toward PWE. Effective public intervention programs, epilepsy training based on National Guidelines, and referral routes need to improve in China to enhance the care of PWE.

ANALISIS MODEL PENGEMBANGAN KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA PUSKESMAS BALIK BUKIT LAMPUNG BARAT

The Puskesmas is a community health service center, so it requires the performance of employees who carry out health service activities to the community to the maximum. One of the Puskesmas that always prioritizes the performance of its employees, namely the Balik Bukit Lampung West Health Center. The Balik Bukit Health Center is a community health service center that serves public health, especially in the West Lampung Regency area. The formulation of the problem in this study is how to model employee performance development and what are the supporting and inhibiting factors for the employee performance development model at the Balik Bukit Health Center, West Lampung Regency. The research approach used in this research is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. Collecting data using literature, observation, interviews and questionnaires. The research subjects in this study were 52 employees and used 4 informants, namely employees of the Balik Bukit Lampung West Health Center. Based on the results of the study it is known that the employee performance development model at the Balik Bukit Lampung West Health Center is carried out by knowing the quality, efficiency, discipline, initiative, thoroughness, leadership and honesty of employees when carrying out work activities. This employee performance development model will be able to influence the increase in employee performance at the Balik Bukit Lampung West Health Center. Supporting factors in the development of employee performance at the Balik Bukit Lampung West Health Center are conducive working conditions, both physical and non-physical work environments. There is compensation provided by management, work motivation in employees and there is career development in the Balik Bukit Lampung West Health Center. As for the inhibiting factors in the development of employee performance at the Balik Bukit Lampung West Health Center, namely the limited human resources at the Health Center, limited facilities and infrastructure. In addition, employee health is one of the obstacles to creating productive employees. For this reason, employees must maintain their health so that they can work productively so that they can support their performance

Study on the application effect of the family doctor contract service mode of ‘basic package+personalised package’ in elderly hypertension management in Chengdu, China: a retrospective observational study

ObjectivesWe conducted this study to assess the application effect of the family doctor contract service mode of ‘basic package+personalised package’ in the management of hypertension patients.DesignObservational study.SettingThe study was conducted...

Senior Citizen’s Understanding Regarding the Quality of Life and Policy of Bangladesh

Older people are encouraged to participate more in the economic, social, and governmental sectors as part of progressive aging policies worldwide. Very little is known about applying engagement techniques or carrying out strategies in Bangladesh that are important for involving seniors in social engagement. Therefore, this qualitative research was conducted in Dhaka, Bangladesh, among 385 people aged sixty or above to assess their understanding of the quality of life and the gap in government policy. Results showed that between 60 and 65 were more mobile, creative, engaged in productive activity, and had significantly higher decision-making power (p<0.000). Aging greatly enhances dependency (p<0.000). Lower-educated people were significantly dependent on their families (p<0.000). Moreover, elderly income and the cost of treatment were significantly correlated to abuse (p<0.001). Furthermore, 10% of participants reported negative relationships with family members (p<0.031). However, most (61.6%) were unaware of the 2013 Parent's Care Act. Though most participants (73.2%) knew of the government-funded Old Age Allowance, 92.5% received no non-governmental assistance. The research concluded that education and economic condition have a long-term relationship with reducing dependency. In recommendation, Government can increase the retirement age from 59 to 65 years which may increase self of security, respect, and self-esteem and reduce harassment. Parent's Care Act 2013 should implement. Government should include Community Health and Social Service centers for the quality of life of the elderly.

The Correlation Between Health Risk Factors and Diabesity and Lipid Profile Indicators: The Role Mediator of TSH.

Obesity in adults is a problem, particularly when paired with other metabolic abnormalities. Previous research have linked various screening approaches to diabetes, but additional evidence points to the relevance of combining diabetes screening methods with obesity and its effects. This research examined the impact of thyroid hormones (TSHs) and health risk factors (HRFs) in screening for obesity and diabetes in Chinese populations, and whether age can modulate this association. From March to July 2022, the Hefei Community Health Service Center connected with the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University was chosen, and the multi-stage cluster sample approach was utilized to test adults aged 21-90 in each community. Latent category analysis (LCA) was performed to investigate the clustering patterns of HRFs. A one-way ANOVA was used to examine waist circumference (WC), biochemical markers, and general data. Furthermore, multivariate logistic regression analysis was utilized to investigate the relationship between health risk variables and WC. A total of 750 individuals without a history of major problems who had a community health physical examination were chosen, with missing data greater than 5% excluded. Finally, 708 samples were included in the study with an effective rate of 94.4%. The average WC was (90.0±10.33) cm, the prevalence in the >P75, P50~P75, P25~P50, and ≤P25 groups were 24.7%, 18.9%, 28.7% and 27.7%, respectively. The average TSH was (2.76±2.0) μIU/mL. Male (β=1.91), HOMA-IR (β=0.06), TyG (β=2.41), SBP (β=0.08), TG (β=0.94) and UA (β=0.03) were more likely to have a higher prevalence of WC level. The analyses revealed significant correlations between HRFs, TSH, age, other metabolic indexes and WC (P < 0.05). Our findings suggest that the quality of metabolic-related indicators used to successfully decrease diabetes in Chinese individuals with high HRFs levels should be prioritized. Comprehensive indicators might be a useful and practical way for measuring the metabolic evolution of diabetes level levels.

The Characteristic of Mothers of Children Under Five in Integrated Health Care Service Activities in Tarus Community Health Center

Integrated service postis is a basic health activity organized from, by, and for the community to reduce infant mortality, and maternal mortality (pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum), cultivate small happy, and prosperous families, and increase the role of participants and the community's ability to develop health and welfare activities and family planning. This study aims to describe the characteristics of mothers under five in integrated service posts in the working area of ​​the Tarus Health Center in 2022. The type of research is a descriptive study using a cross-sectional research design. The population in this study were all mothers of children under five who were recorded at integrated service posts in the working area of ​​the Tarus Health Center who had toddlers from 0-60 months of age as many as 3,675 people and the sampling technique used purposive sampling with a sample of 97 people. The results showed that the distribution of respondents was based on the number of visits to the integrated service post, namely active visits (52.5%), and inactive visits (47.4%). The age of the mother of children under five is at most 31-35 (36.1%), the mother's education is high school education at most (41.2%), the mother's occupation is the most in IRT work (51.5%), Mother's reassurance toddlers who have good knowledge are (59.8%), less well are as many as (40.2%), the distance from house to integrated service post is near (54.6%), far away (45.3%). Suggestions for community health service centers can provide understanding and awareness to mothers of toddlers so that they routinely bring children under five to the integrated service post every month so that the growth and development of toddlers can be monitored.

Preliminary survey report on the clinical validation of in-use electronic sphygmomanometers in China

Objective: To explore the percentage of in-use electronic sphygmomanometers independently validated clinically in China. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey and Beijing, Shenzhen, Shijiazhuang, Datong, and Shihezi were selected according to the geographical location and economic level. In each site, one tertiary hospital, two community health centers, and 20 families with electronic sphygmomanometers in use were chosen. The information of electronic sphygmomanometers including brand, model, manufacturer and production date were obtained by the trained staff. Ten electronic sphygmomanometers from each hospital, five electronic sphygmomanometers from each community health center, and one electronic sphygmomanometer from each family were surveyed, and the user's subjective judgment results and judgment basis on the accuracy of the electronic sphygmomanometer measurement were collected. We searched six registration websites (Medaval, Stride BP, dabl Educational Trust, British and Irish Hypertension Society, American Medical Association and Hypertension Canada) and two research databases (PubMed and CNKI) for the clinical validation status of each electronic sphygmomanometer. Results: A total of 200 electronic sphygmomanometers were investigated in this study, of which only 29.0% (58/200) passed independent clinical validation. When stratified by users, the percentage of being clinical validated was 46.0% (23/50) for electronic sphygmomanometers in hospitals, 42.0% (21/50) for those in community health centers and 14.0% (14/100) for those in home use, respectively, and the proportions between the three groups were significantly difference (P<0.001). Doctors in tertiary hospitals and community health service centers judged the accuracy of electronic sphygmomanometers mainly on the basis of "regular correction" (41.0% (41/100)) and "comparison with other electronic sphygmomanometers" (20.0% (20/100)), while among home users, 41.0% (41/100) were not clear about the accuracy of electronic sphygmomanometers, and 40.0% (40/100) made the judgment by "comparison with the devices in hospitals". Conclusion: The clinical validation of in-use electronic sphygmomanometers in China is low. Most of users, including healthcare professionals, are not aware of clinical validation of electronic sphygmomanometers.

Status of nutrition labeling knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of residents in the community and structural equation modeling analysis.

Unhealthy foods were a major contributor to the occurrence of chronic non-communicable diseases. The promotion of nutrition labeling in the community can effectively help residents to choose healthy foods, which plays an important role in the prevention of chronic diseases. However, the public awareness of this measure is not clear. Our study used a structural equation model based on the KAP theory to analyze the interaction mechanisms among knowledge, attitude, and practice and aimed to evaluate the relationships among nutrition knowledge, attitude, and practice of residents, which can provide the basis of policy formulation for nutrition education and behavior intervention. We carried out a cross-sectional study from May 2022 to July 2022 in the "Community Health Service Center", and each "Community Service Station" in Yinchuan use a self-designed questionnaire and convenience sampling to evaluate resident nutrition labeling KAP status. This study adopted the structural equation modeling approach to analyze a survey of Chinese individuals through the cognitive processing model, interrelated nutrition knowledge, nutrition label knowledge, attitude, and practice. According to the principle of sample size estimation, a total of 636 individuals were investigated, with the ratio of male to female being 1:1.2. The average score of community residents' nutrition knowledge was 7.48 ± 3.24, and the passing rate was 19.4%. Most residents had a positive attitude toward nutrition labeling, but the awareness rate was only 32.7% and the utilization rate was 38.5%. Univariate analysis showed that women had higher knowledge scores than men (p < 0.05), and young people had higher scores than older adults (p < 0.05), and the difference was significant. Based on the KAP structural equation model (SEM), residents' nutrition knowledge will directly affect their attitude toward nutrition labeling. Attitude played a greater role as an indirect effect between knowledge and behavior, while trust limits residents' practice of nutrition labeling and then affects their practice. It could be explained that nutrition knowledge was the prerequisite for label reading behavior, and attitude was the intermediary effect. The nutrition knowledge and nutrition labeling knowledge of respondents hardly directly support the practice of nutrition labeling, but it can influence the use behavior by forming a positive attitude. The KAP model is suitable for explaining residents' use of nutrition labeling in the region. Future research should focus on better understanding the motivations of residents to use nutrition labeling and the opportunity to use nutrition labeling in real-life shopping settings.

Exploration of the psychometric properties of the novel General Medication Adherence Scale (GMAS) for chronic illness patients

Objective Many related scales have been developed and applied to measure patients’ medication adherence, but the research on the psychometric characteristics of the scale still requires further studies. This study aims to provide further validation of the GMAS scale by using Rasch analysis and to make targeted recommendations for scale improvement. Methods This is a cross-sectional study using secondary data. 312 Chinese adult patients were recruited from two tertiary hospitals and one community health service center in Tianjin to complete a questionnaire containing the GMAS, from January to June 2020. Participants included to have at least one chronic condition and also have been on medication for more than 3 months, but excluded patients with major life-threatening illnesses (e.g. heart failure, cancer), cognitive impairments preventing clear expression and significant communication difficulties. Rasch analysis was used to explore the psychometric properties of the GMAS scale. Key indicators including unidimensionality, validity and reliability, differential item functioning and degree of fit with Rasch model are validated. Results After fitting the Rasch model for the first time, 56 samples poorly fitting the model were deleted. The remaining 256 samples were used for Rasch analysis. The results show that GMAS can fit the Rasch model well, which proves that the scale has favourable psychometric characteristics. But some items had differential item functioning in whether patients have comorbidities. Conclusion The GMAS was found to be useful as a screening tool for patients’ medication adherence problems reported, except some issues to be addressed for further improvement of the scale.

Influencing factors of home exercise adherence in elderly patients with stroke: A multiperspective qualitative study.

Evidence has shown that stroke exercise rehabilitation is the most effective way to improve disease prognosis, but home exercise adherence in elderly patients with stroke is low due to they are more likely to have movement disorders, cognitive disorders, mental disorders, etc. Currently, most studies on exercise adherence in elderly patients with stroke are quantitative, and there is a lack of qualitative studies from the perspective of patients, caregivers, and medical staff. Considering the importance of home exercise adherence in elderly patients with stroke, the present study aimed to explore the influencing factors of home exercise adherence in them and summarize the potential ways to improve it. From October to December 2022, 9 medical staff, 12 elderly patients with stroke and 7 caregivers from a level A tertiary hospital and community health service center in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province were selected by the purposive sampling and were interviewed in a face-to-face semi-structured way. The data were analyzed and summarized by the phenomenological analysis of Colaizzi's method. The influencing factors of home exercise adherence in elderly patients with stroke can be summarized into 3 themes and 8 subthemes. These were individual factors (physical impairment, exercise self-efficacy, and depression), family factors (caregiving ability and emotional support); and stroke rehabilitation environment (exercise prescription, monitoring and feedback, and organizational policy). Home exercise adherence in elderly patients with stroke was influenced by many factors. Medical staff should assess the patient's physical function and depression, establish a multi-support system, formulate personalized exercise prescription, pay attention to the monitoring and feedback of home-based exercise rehabilitation, and improve the home-based rehabilitation model for stroke, so as to improve the home exercise adherence in elderly patients with stroke and promote the best rehabilitation effect.

World Health Organization survey on the level of integration of traditional Chinese medicine in Chinese health system rehabilitation services

BackgroundTo meet the growing global demand for rehabilitation services, the World Health Organization (WHO) launched Rehabilitation 2030. This study was commissioned by the WHO to investigate the integration degree of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in Chinese health system rehabilitation services and the demand for TCM rehabilitation in China. MethodsTwenty TCM rehabilitation experts and relevant government administrators were invited to complete the questionnaire between September 2019 and January 2022. The development of traditional, complementary, and integrative medicine (TCI) rehabilitation in China was assessed primarily based on six different health system components. Results26 policies, regulations, and national strategic plans related to TCI rehabilitation were issued by relevant government departments since 2002; notably, 14 policies related to TCI rehabilitation development were intensively introduced from 2016 to 2021. These policies cover the three main areas of financing, infrastructure development, and service delivery. The National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine's investment in TCM clinical capacity infrastructure and scientific research in 2019–2021 increased by 66% compared to 2010–2012, and the average number of TCM hospitals with rehabilitation departments in 2020 increased by 6.5% compared to 2018. The proportion of community health service centers providing TCM services in primary medical and health institutions has increased by 30.8% over the past 10 years. ConclusionLong-term continuous policies, substantial financial investment, and expansion of the scope of TCI rehabilitation services in primary care institutions have effectively contributed to the rapid development of TCI rehabilitation. However, human resources and financing mechanisms for TCI rehabilitation need further improvement.

Correlation between serum lipid profiles and cognitive impairment in old age: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundThe correlation between cognitive function and lipid profiles, including total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglycerides, is inconsistent.AimsThis cross-sectional study investigated the association between serum...

Residents of Mountainous Areas Have a Higher Low Back Pain Prevalence Than Flat Areas of Chongqing, China: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Epidemiological studies on low back pain in residents living in mountainous areas are scarce. The study was aimed at investigating the prevalence and associated factors of low back pain in Chongqing, relatively impoverished mountainous areas of China. This was a cross-sectional study conducted at selected community or village health service centers in Chongqing over a 2-month period (May 2021 to June 2021), which included adults of Chongqing aged >18 years with or without low back pain (N=1820) chosen by stratified, cluster-sampling. Associated factors of low back pain including sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, and occupational features were collected, along with medical history, Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (ODI), and Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) of patients with low back pain, and carried out for at least 20 minutes per respondent. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were utilized for statistical analysis. Overall, 30.5% of 1704 respondents presented with low back pain, with 26.3% living in flat areas and 35.6% in mountainous areas. The associated factors of low back pain were mountainous area residence (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1-1.8), advanced age (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.3-2.5 for those aged 45-59 years, OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.6-3.4 for those aged 60-74 years, and OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.2-3.6 for those aged ≥75 years), married or remarried (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1-3.2), divorced or widowed (OR 2.7, 95% CI 14-5.4), moderate labor intensity (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1-1.8), frequent stoop (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.4), and depressed mood (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2-2.1). Residents in the mountainous areas had a higher score on Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (8.3 [SD 6.3] vs 6.2 [SD 4.3]) than those in flat areas. Mountainous areas in Chongqing had higher prevalence of low back pain as 35.6%, compared with 26.3% in flat areas, with more severe dysfunction in low back pain patients. Multifactorial analysis found that the factors associated with low back pain in Chongqing residents included mountain residence, labor intensity, stoop, psychological factors and frequency of exercise.

Associations between the signing status of family doctor contract services and cervical cancer screening behaviors: a cross-sectional study in Shenzhen, China

BackgroundAs a core part of the primary healthcare system, family doctor contract services (FDCS) may help healthcare providers promote cervical cancer screening to the female population. However, evidence from population-based studies remains scant. This study aimed to investigate the potential associations between the signing status of FDCS and cervical cancer screening practices in Shenzhen, China.MethodsA cross-sectional survey among female residents was conducted between July to December 2020 in Shenzhen, China. A multistage sampling method was applied to recruit women seeking health services in community health service centers. Binary logistic regression models were established to assess the associations between the signing status of FDCS and cervical cancer screening behaviors.ResultsOverall, 4389 women were recruited (mean age: 34.28, standard deviation: 7.61). More than half (54.3%) of the participants had signed up with family doctors. Women who had signed up for FDCS performed better in HPV-related knowledge (high-level rate: 49.0% vs. 35.6%, P<0.001), past screening participation (48.4% vs. 38.8%, P<0.001), and future screening willingness (95.9% vs. 90.8%, P<0.001) than non-signing women. Signing up with family doctors was marginally associated with past screening participation (OR: 1.13, 95%CI: 0.99–1.28), which tended to be robust among women with health insurance, being older than 25 years old at sexual debut, using condom consistently during sexual intercourse, and with a low level of HPV related knowledge. Similarly, signing up with family doctors was positively associated with future screening willingness (OR: 1.68, 95%CI: 1.29–2.20), which was more pronounced among women who got married and had health insurance.ConclusionsThis study suggests that signing up with family doctors has positive associations with cervical cancer screening behaviors among Chinese women. Expanding public awareness of cervical cancer prevention and FDCS may be a feasible way to achieve the goal of cervical cancer screening coverage.

COVID-19 Vaccination Coverage among 42,565 Adults Amid the Spread of Omicron Variant in Beijing, China.

Vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been in use for over two years, but studies that reflect real-world vaccination coverage and demographic determinants are lacking. Using a multistage stratified random cluster sampling method, we planned to directly explore vaccination coverage and the demographic determinants of different doses of COVID-19 vaccines in Beijing, especially in older populations. All 348 community health service centers in 16 districts were involved. We performed multivariable logistic regression analyses to identify demographic determinants of different coverage rates via adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% CIs. Of the 42,565 eligible participants, the total vaccination coverage rates for ≥1 dose, ≥2 doses, ≥3 doses, and 4 doses were 93.3%, 91.6%, 84.9%, and 13.0%, respectively, but decreased to 88.1%, 85.1%, 76.2%, and 3.8% in the older population. Among all participants, younger (aOR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.60-1.95), male (aOR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.06-1.23), and better-educated residents (high school and technical secondary school aOR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.43-1.74; bachelor's degree aOR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.37-1.70) were more likely to be fully vaccinated. People who lived in rural areas (aOR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.31-1.60) and held the new rural cooperative health insurance (aOR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.20-1.57) established a higher rate of full vaccination coverage. No history of chronic disease was positively associated with a higher coverage rate (aOR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.66-1.97). Occupation also affected vaccination coverage. Demographic factors influencing the rate of vaccination with at least one or three doses were consistent with the results above. Results remained robust in a sensitivity analysis. Given the highly transmissible variants and declining antibody titers, accelerating the promotion of booster vaccination coverage, especially in high-risk groups such as the elderly, is a top priority. For all vaccine-preventable diseases, rapidly clarifying vaccine-hesitant populations, clearing barriers, and establishing a better immune barrier can effectively safeguard people's lives and property and coordinate economic development with epidemic prevention and control.

Analysis of the Characteristics of Stunting Toddler Mothers in the Working Area of the Anak Air Health Center in Padang City

The incidence of stunting under five is still a major nutritional problem in Indonesia today. Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem caused by many factors such as age, mother's education and occupation, number of children and birth spacing. The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of mothers who have stunted toddlers in the working area of the Anak Air Health Center in Padang City, West Sumatra Province. This research was conducted in the working area of the Anak Air Health Center in Padang City, West Sumatra Province. The time of the research started from November 2022 to January 2023. This research was an observational study with a descriptive approach. The population for this study was all mothers who had stunting toddlers in the Working Area of the Water Children's Health Center in 2022 as many as 337 people. The research sample was 54 stunting toddlers using a simple random sampling technique. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire. Data analysis used is descriptive analysis. The results of the study are the characteristics of mothers who have stunted toddlers aged 21-35 years as many as 33 (61.1%), mother's work as housewives as many as 52 (96.3%), high school education as many as 37 (68.5%), the number of children &gt;2 was 31 (57.4%), and the birth spacing was ≥3 years and the first child was 37 (68.5%). It is expected that optimal cross-sectoral cooperation in reducing the prevalence of stunting is according to the government's target, which starts from the first level health service center, namely the community health service center and it is suggested to health workers to provide health education to stunting toddlers about the importance of nutritional needs for toddlers in the process of growth and development. toddler development. Keyword: Characteristics, Education, Number and Spacing of Births, Occupation, Stunting Toddlers

Case Study of How China’s Community Healthcare Service Responds to Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes is one of the world’s most common chronic diseases. From the data shown above, we can see that diabetes is a wide-spread serious illness. Hence, prevalence of diabetes imposes a substantial threat on public health well-being. Therefore, it is important for official organizations to come up with solutions to respond to diabetes. Among different type of diabetes, type 2 diabetes (T2D) is the most common one and usually influenced by postnatal factors. In China, community health service centers play a major role in responding to T2D. Thus, it is important to analyze how the community health service centers are currently responding to diabetes and create guides for future works based on the analyzed results. In this article, background information on present T2D prevalence and strategies used as response solution for diabetes in China are provided. The method, main goal, and significance of the case study are also included. The main focus of this study is evaluating how China’s community health service centers are responding to T2D via SWOT analysis. Thorough evaluation on internal strengths, internal weakness, external opportunities, and external threats are conducted with the aid of health impact pyramid and levels of prevention. At the end of the article, 3 possible ways to improve how China’s community health service responds to T2D based on SWOT analysis are stated. In addition, expectations towards future research on China’s response to T2D are discussed.

Investigating continuation of folic acid supplementation during peri-conceptional period: a community-based cross-sectional study

BackgroundMaternal folate may not reach an optimal level to prevent neural tube defects if supplementation commenced post-conception or took place pre-conception only. Our study aimed to investigate the continuation of folic acid (FA) supplementation from pre-conception to post-conception during peri-conceptional period and to examine its differences in FA supplementation between the subgroups taking the initiation timing into consideration.MethodsThis study was conducted in two community health service centers in Jing-an District of Shanghai. Women accompanying their children to pediatric health clinics of the centers were recruited and asked to recall information concerning their socioeconomic and previous obstetric characteristics, utilization of healthcare and FA supplementation before and/or during pregnancy. The continuation of FA supplementation during peri-conceptional period were categorized into three subgroups: Supplementing with FA pre- and post-conception; supplementing with FA preconception only or post-conception only; no FA supplements pre-conception and post-conception. The relationship between FA continuation and couples’ characteristics were examined as setting the first subgroup as the base reference.ResultsThree hundred and ninety-six women were recruited. Over 40% of the women started FA supplementation after conception and 30.3% of them supplemented with FA from pre-conception to the first trimester of their pregnancy. Compared to this one-third of participants, women who didn’t supplemented with any FA during peri-conceptional period were more likely to have no utilization of pre-conception healthcare (OR= 2.47, 95% CI: 1.33–4.61) or antenatal care (OR= 4.05, 95% CI: 1.76–9.34), or who had a lower family socioeconomic status (OR= 4.36, 95% CI: 1.79–10.64). Women who supplemented with FA pre-conception only or post-conception only were more likely to have no utilization of pre-conception healthcare (OR= 2.94, 95% CI: 1.79–4.82), or to have no previous pregnancy complication (OR=1.80, 95% CI: 0.99–3.28).ConclusionOver two-fifth of the women started FA supplementation and only one-third of them had an optimal supplementation from pre-conception to the first trimester. Maternal utilization of healthcare before or during pregnancy together with maternal and paternal socioeconomic status may play a role in the continuation to FA supplementation pre- and post-conception.

Correlation between successful aging and Traditional Chinese Medicine

Aims and objectives: To investigate the correlation between successful aging (SA) and Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitution and quality of life (QOL) in elderly diabetic patients.&#x0D; Background: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) could be used in the management of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) to improve their quality of life (QOL).&#x0D; Design: This was a cross-sectional study in elderly patients with T2DM.&#x0D; Methods: The convenience sampling method was used to recruit elderly patients with T2DM at the Community Health Service Center, from May to August 2019. The study methods were compliant with the Strobe checklist (See Supplementary File 1).&#x0D; Results: The average score of SA was 58.0±7.7 points in 143 participants. The factors associated with SA were sex, education, way of living, drinking habits, exercising, sleeping, health condition, and participation in social activities. The elderly diabetic patients with Yin-Yang harmony had the highest score of SA. The elderly diabetic patients with Yin-Yang harmony had the highest score of QOL in all dimensions. The score of SA was positively correlated with QOL in all dimensions (total score: r=0.498, P&lt;0.001; subscores: r=0.281-0.550, all P&lt;0.05).&#x0D; Conclusions: The status of the SA of elderly diabetic patients in the community was moderate. TCM constitution, QOL, and SA were correlated with each other.

Behavioral Interpretation of Willingness to Use Wearable Health Devices in Community Residents: A Cross-Sectional Study

Wearable health devices (WHDs) have become increasingly advantageous in long-term health monitoring and patient management. However, most people have not yet benefited from such innovative technologies, and the willingness to accept WHDs and their influencing factors are still unclear. Based on two behavioral theories: the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and the diffusion of innovation (DOI), this study aims to explore the influencing factors of willingness to use WHDs in community residents from the perspective of both internal and external factors. A convenience sample of 407 community residents were recruited from three randomly selected Community Health Service Centers (CHSCs) in Nanjing, China, and were investigated with a self-developed questionnaires. The mean score of willingness to use WHDs was 17.00 (range 5-25). In the dimensions of TPB, perceived behavioral control (β = 1.979, p < 0.001) was the strongest influencing factor. Subjective norms (β = 1.457, p < 0.001) and attitudes (β = 0.651, p = 0.016) were also positively associated with willingness. In innovation characteristics of DOI, compatibility (β = 0.889, p < 0.001) and observability (β = 0.576, p = 0.003) had positive association with the willingness to wear a WHD. This study supports the applicability of the two behavioral theories to interpret the willingness to use WHDs in Chinese community residents. Compared with the innovative features of WHDs, individual cognitive factors were more critical predictors of willingness to use.