Community Forest Area Research Articles

Tree Composition On Light Intensity In Agroforestry Systems In People's Forests

Developing an agroforestry system with conventional community forest plants has several obstacles, such as altitude, temperature, humidity, availability of nutrients, and light intensity, causing forest plants not to grow optimally. Agroforestry is one way to overcome problems on land, one of which needs more light intensity for the growth of forest plants. This research aims to determine optimal sunlight for developing forest plants using an agroforestry system. This research was carried out in the community forest area of Magetan Regency. The survey method used in community forest areas was by taking samples of 6 stand structure compositions and 6 plots in six villages. The parameters observed included the number of branches, crown diameter, plant type, height, and light intensity. Light intensity is measured using a lux meter placed under the canopy. The research results showed that the tree composition Albizzia+Mahagoni+Tectona+Mangifera let of light at 12.01, while the lowest was the tree with the composition Mahagoni+Tectona+ Tamarindus sp+ Gmelina sp.

The sustainable economic value of agroforestry products in community forest areas in Suka Tendel Village, Tiga Nderket District, Karo Regency, North Sumatra Province

Abstract Most of agroforestry products are non-timber forest products which are a source of income for communities around the forest. Suka Tendel Village is a village located in a Community Forest area which has various agroforestry commodities. This research aims to identify the potential agroforestry product and annual crops, determine the ability of variables (age, education, length of farming, land area, number of types, number of stems, and capital) in explaining the variable income of farmer groups in the Social Forestry management area in Suka Tendel Village. The method used is the observation and survey method by interviewing members of active farmer groups, then continuing with analyzing the data using financial feasibility analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the research results, 4 species agroforestry commodities and 7 species of annual crop commodities were found. The ability of the independent variables (age, education, length of farming, land area, number of types, number of plants and capital) simultaneously to explain income at Gundaling farmer is 48.7% with the remaining 51.3% being influenced by other variables.

Feasibility Analysis of Community Forest Ecotourism Potential in Tumpak Village, Pujut District, Central Lombok Regency

The Tumpak Village Community Forest Area has various potentials, with natural views as the main attraction. This research aims to determine the priority scale for developing this area through a feasibility level analysis using rules based on the Analysis of Operational Areas of Natural Tourist Attraction Objects (ADO-ODTWA). This research is quantitative and uses a survey method, with scoring analysis based on criteria in the ADO-ODTWA rules. Primary data was obtained through field observations, in-depth interviews, and distributing questionnaires. Meanwhile, secondary data was obtained through literature reviews, journal articles, books and geospatial data. The research results show that the Tumpak Village Community Forest area has a high level of feasibility and has the potential to be developed as ecotourism. Criteria for obtaining a high classification include ecotourism attractiveness, availability of accommodation, surrounding environmental conditions, supporting facilities, and availability of clean water. The criteria for the medium classification include accessibility, management and services that still need improvement, as well as marketing that is still limited. Management and development of this area can be carried out with a focus on managing potential tourist attractions and improving the required infrastructure. In addition, increasing accessibility requires support from the Regional Government of Central Lombok Regency to improve road infrastructure.

The Potential of Community Forest Development through Agroforestry Pattern of Medicinal Plants on Marginal Land in Lombok Tengah, Indonesia

Abstract Lombok Tengah Regency has community forest areas that have the potential to be developed. Current conditions show that many community forests in Lombok Tengah have been developed on marginal land and generally have not implemented intensive land management practices. Thus, land productivity has not been achieved optimally. Improving the quality of marginal land requires intensive land management practices to achieve a balance of ecological, social, and economic functions. The agroforestry pattern is an effort that can be implemented to increase the land productivity of community forests in Lombok Tengah. Agroforestry is a land management system that has great potential to be developed in community forests because it can improve ecological, social, and economic functions. However, not all farmers know the appropriate pattern to increase the productivity of their land. The study aims to determine appropriate land management patterns to be developed in community forests in Lombok Tengah. The method is a focus group discussion (FGD) with 40 farmers in Emboan, Mangkung Village, Lombok Tengah Regency. The study results showed that 78% of farmers in Emboan choose an agroforestry pattern with medicinal plants, especially rhizome types. In comparison, 22% of farmers choose to plant multi-purpose tree species (MPTS) and food crops. Ginger/jahe (Zingiber officinale), galangal/lengkuas (Alpinia galanga), and lemongrass/serai (Cymbopogon citratus) are the most suitable medicinal plants based on biophysical and socio-economic conditions to be developed on community forest in Emboan, Mangkung Village, Lombok Tengah Regency.

Depth-Wise Distribution of Soil Chemical Properties, Micro-nutrients Status, and Bacterial Population under Quercus leucotrichophora and Shorea robusta Forest of Chakrata and Thano Region of Uttarakhand

Forest trees have an appreciable demand for nutrients as they have longer rotation than crops and this is easily replenished by the constant release of nutrients resulting from weathering under favorable conditions in the soils developed from parent material rich in nutrient-bearing minerals. A study was undertaken to assess the chemical properties, micro-nutrient status, and bacterial population; two sites were taken for the collection of soil samples: the oak forest of Chakrata and the Sal forest of Thano. Soils were drawn at three depths viz. 0-30 cm, 30-60 cm, 60-90 cm. All soil parameters examined at three depths viz. 0-30 cm, 30-60 cm, 60-90 cm. Oak (Quercus Leucotrichophora) forests have higher microbial activity than Sal forests. The soil in both the studied areas was rich in nutrients, where, the maximum mean standard deviation values of pH (6.85), soil organic carbon (5.9 %), available nitrogen (0.04 %) reported in the Oak forest of Chakrata, and available phosphorus were almost similar in both forest regions. Oak forests have higher organic carbon, water-holding capacity, and nutrient availability compared to Sal forests. However, it is concluded that, for better conditions of these forests for soil and carbon-storing potential, the forest needs good management practices, especially in community forest areas to avoid illegal felling, impact of fire, and over-exploitation of fuel and fodder. Good management practices would help mitigate the impact of climate change and sustainable outcomes of the resources for the community's benefit.

Kelayakan usaha tani Hutan Kemasyarakatan (HKM) pola monokultur dan agroforestri di Desa Air Terjun Kabupaten Kerinci

The Community Forest Area (HKm) of Air Terjun Village is an area that provides direct real benefits for farmers who are located around the community forest area and has natural wealth that can be developed to provide farmers with income for the family economy. This research was conducted in Air Terjun Village, Siulak District, Kerinci Regency. This research aims to determine the feasibility of a cinnamon monoculture business and a potato, coffee and cinnamon agroforestry business from the use of areas within community forests. Data collection was carried out using structured interviews using questionnaires. Determination of respondents was carried out using the Snowball method with data analysis using cost analysis, revenue analysis, income analysis, internal analysis of return and payback period analysis. The results of the research showed that the cultivation of cinnamon monoculture planting patterns and cinnamon, coffee and potato agroforestry in Air Terjun Village, Kerinci Regency had decent/profitable results. However, the profits and return on capital are faster in agroforestry planting patterns because the agroforestry planting pattern relies on 3 types of plants, whereas the monoculture planting pattern only relies on 1 type of plant.

Estimation and economic valuation of stands carbon in Tubokarto Community Forest, Pracimantoro District, Wonogiri Regency

Climate change mitigation efforts can be carried out by reducing CO2 gas emissions through the use of the forestry sector, which is expected to increase carbon sequestration. Community forests are composed of stands that have the potential to store carbon stocks so that they can play a role in achieving FOLU (Forest and Other Land Use) Net Sink 2030. This study aims to estimate biomass, carbon storage, and carbon economic value in Tubokarto community forest stands, Pracimantoro, Wonogiri. The method in this study used systematic sampling with random start to measure the DBH and tree height with a sampling intensity of 2% and made 50 sample plots measuring 0.04 ha. The carbon storage value is calculated based on the conversion of 47% of biomass estimated by allometric equations. The results showed that the community forest area of Tubokarto has a total biomass potential of 79.69 tons/ha, total carbon storage of 37.45 tons/ha, and a carbon economic value of Rp 14,605,787.19/ha or if multiplied by the total area of the community forest is Rp 1,329,126,634. The potential and economic valuation of carbon storage in community forests provides an opportunity to achieve sustainable development goals and reduction in carbon emissions.

Dry Land Management Using Agroforestry Systems In Trenggalek Regency, East Java

Dryland management with an agroforestry system is essential and urgent. Currently, the existence of forests has experienced pressure on forest areas and forest resources, which threatens the integrity of forest areas due to the increase in land area, which is categorized as dry. This research aims to determine the size of ​​dry land and the dominant factors that drive the damage rate. This research aims to analyze agroforestry systems with cropping patterns on dry land. This research uses survey, analysis, and needs analysis methods of decent living. Results The agroforestry system used to develop critical land is a human effort to control its reciprocal relationship with natural resources, with the hope that expanding the use of dry land by implementing a directed and planned agroforestry system for the people can improve the economy of the people around the primary forest which is based on forest products. The development of dry land management with an agroforestry system in community forest areas as a result of reforestation and forest development project activities from an institutional aspect is also able to foster farmer innovation in increasing the productivity of their land, one of which is the success of building community forests as a group on marginal land.

Assessment of Soil Carbon Stock and Soil Quality in Different Forest Stands and Management Regimes in Terai Region of Nepal.

Assessment of soil organic carbon (SOC) stock and soil quality for informed forest management is hindered by inadequate data across different forest stand types and management regimes. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess SOC stock and soil quality in two forest stand types, i.e., Shorea robusta (Sal) forest and Terai mixed hardwood (TMH) forest, and selected forest management regimes (leasehold forest, community forest, government-managed forest, and forest area under protected area) in Terai region of Nepal. Stratified random sampling method was adopted for soil sample collection across terai region following Forest Resource Assessment, Nepal. Altogether, 62 composite soil samples from 30 cm depth were taken from the entire Terai region which included these two forest stand types and four management regimes. Different physical (soil texture and bulk density) and chemical (pH, SOC (%), total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium) properties were analyzed to calculate SOC stock and soil quality. Our result found no significant differences in SOC stock among two forest stand types (p > 0.05). Unexpectedly, leasehold forest had significantly (p < 0.05) higher SOC stock than other forest management regimes. In terms of soil quality, among two forest stand types, Sal forest (0.50) was found to be superior compared with TMH forest (0.46). Similarly, community forest had superior soil quality (0.50) than government-managed forest (0.47), protected area (0.47), and leasehold forest (0.45). A longitudinal study approach is recommended to observe changes in soil properties over time due to climate change and human activities, offering valuable insights into their dynamics.

Knowledge and Practice of Sustainable Land Management of Coffee Agroforestry in Community Forest Areas, West Lampung Regency

This study aims to identify knowledge and practices of sustainable land management in coffee agroforestry in community forest areas. The research was conducted from November to December 2021 in a community forest area in Air Hitam District, West Lampung Regency. The respondents are 40 coffee farmers who cultivate coffee in the community forest area. The study used the Knowledge, Attitude, and practice framework to identify knowledge and practices of sustainable land management in coffee agroforestry and analyzed using a qualitative descriptive approach. The study results show that coffee farmers’ knowledge of sustainable land management is in the fairly high category. Farmers understand that sustainable land management supports forest sustainability and increases coffee productivity. Sustainable land management practices that coffee farmers have implemented include the use of organic fertilizers from livestock, the use of coffee shells as natural compost, planting shade trees to prevent erosion and increase soil fertility, and soil conservation techniques using the Rorak method (making holes for water absorption, accommodate soil sediments and sources of organic matter). The practice of sustainable land management by coffee farmers is in line with the objectives of social forestry, namely the use of forests to improve welfare without neglecting forest sustainability.

Composition and diversity of medicinal plant species and their utilization on agroforestry land at community forest bangkeng buki' in Bukit Harapan village Bulukumba regency

Medicinal plants and their utilization have long been known by the people of Bukit Harapan village and their use is increasing along with the difficulty of accessing modern medicine. This study aims to determine the composition and diversity of medicinal plant species and their utilization by the community. This research uses direct observation methods in the field and interviews with respondents with the determination of respondents using snowball sampling in communities that implement agroforestry systems in the Bangkeng Buki’ Community Forest area. The research was conducted from December 2022 to March 2023. The results showed that the composition of plant species on land that applied the agroforestry system found in Bukit Harapan Village amounted to 77 species of plants and 40 of them were medicinal plants consisting of 28 types of cultivated plants and 12 types of plants that grew wildly. The plant species diversity index obtained is 2.72 with the criteria H’ classified as moderate. The percentage of plant parts that are most utilized by the community is the leaves by 53% and most people use medicinal plants in single form and the rest in mixed form. Based on this, it is necessary to preserve medicinal plants in Bukit Harapan village so that they can be utilized by the community in a sustainable manner.

Does institutionalisation of community participation promise sustainability in governance of community forests?

Tanzania, like many other tropical countries, has streamlined its environmental policies to institutionalise community participation and improve governance of community forests. The question is: to what extent has the governance of these forests improved as a result of the specified measures? The aim of this paper is to understand whether the institutionalisation of community participation through Community Forest Management Agreements (CoFMAs) guarantees sustainability in the governance of community forests in Zanzibar. Data for this paper were collected through structured interviews from 323 respondents in selected households, and complemented with in-depth interviews with 27 key informants (government officials, elders from the communities, local leaders and leaders of community conservation groups). The results show that the establishment of CoFMAs followed existing legislative frameworks to formalize community participation to ensure governance sustainability of community forests. However, the established conservation initiatives such as community participation in decision-making processes, benefit-sharing of forest resources, technological transfer, and community monitoring of forest resources have remained elusive as most of those initiatives have not been sustained overtime. Although CoFMAs have slightly improved community forest areas, illegal hunting of wildlife in and out of the conserved forests still remains a challenge. As such, the institutionalization of community participation under CoFMA cannot guarantee sustainability in the governance of community forest resources, unless it is community-led, and has access to reliable sources of income. Communities should, therefore, be facilitated with income-generating conservation projects, and/or establish reliable alternative sources of income to meet their needs to ensure sustainable governance of resources.

Analysis of Rate Infiltration in Community Forest (HKm) Marayoka, Kapita, and Gunung silanu District

This research aims to determine infiltration rate in Marayoka Community Forest, Kapita Community Forest, and Gunung Silanu Community Forest in Jeneponto Regency. This research began in February until to April 2021 for three months. The data collection was done by purposive sampling, taking into account the percentage of the cover ground on the Paine method, after which infiltration measurements were made at the Marayoka Community Forest, Kapita Community Forest, and Gunung Silanu Community Forest. Also, take soil samples to analyze permeability, texture, porosity, organic matter and weight of content in laboratory. The results showed that the rate of highest infiltration rate at Marayoka Community Forest was included in the very fast category, while the lowest infiltration rate outside the Marayoka Community Forest area was included in the medium fast category. This difference is influenced by the physical properties of the soil and the ground.

LEGAL SECURITY OF OWNERSHIP OF LAND CERTIFICATES POST EXCHANGING FOREST AREA FOR RESIDENTS RELOCATION IN NGROTO DUSUN, WONOGIRI, CENTRAL JAVA

This study aims to discuss the description of the implementation process of exchanging forest areas for the relocation of residents and legal certainty of ownership of community land certificates after the relocation of community forest area exchanges in Dusun Ngroto. The research method used in this research is juridical-empirical descriptive by using qualitative data analysis methods to review literature and events that actually occurred through observation and interviews. The research location is in Ngroto Hamlet, Pare Village, Selogiri District, Wonogiri Regency. The results of the discussion found that 1 )The background to the relocation was due to the fact that in March 1999 in the Ngroto Hamlet area a landslide occurred resulting in as many as 43 family cards (115 people), supporting factors for relocation including social relations, economy, community involvement and participation with the government while the inhibiting factors are infrastructure, policies that underlie relocation based on humanitarian considerations. 2) Legal certainty of ownership of land certificates after the relocation residents have not obtained the rights to the land they occupy regarding evidence of land certificates, the Wonogiri Regency Government is in the process of eliminating the land ownership rights of residents who have been victims of the landslide disaster 11.66 Ha (Eleven and Sixty Six One Hundred Hectares) with a replacement land obligation of 13.11 Ha (Thirte

Economic Valuation of The Sesaot Community Forest Area West Lombok Regency

Economic Valuation of The Sesaot Community Forest Area West Lombok Regency

ANALISIS KELEMBAGAAN KELOMPOK TANI HUTAN (KTH) PADA AREA HUTAN KEMASYARAKATAN WOLOBOBO (Studi Kasus Desa Rakateda II Kecamatan Golewa Barat, Kabupaten Ngada, Flores, Nusa Tenggara Timur)

The WoloboboHKm area has experienced encroachment damage which was still found up to 2001 with a total land area of ​​481 hectares and fires that occurred in the last five years covering 117 hectares. To avoid increasing damage, it is necessary to emphasize the people who have an important role, one of the strategies used is the Social Forestry scheme in the form of community forestry (HKm), which involves the community directly as part of the forest ecosystem unit which is seen as one of the stakeholders who will determined to seek sustainable development of forest ecosystems and improve community welfare through the Forest Farmers Group (KTH) institution. The research was carried out in the WoloboboHKm area, Bajawa, Ngada Regency. This research was conducted to analyze the KTH Institutions in the Wolobobo Community Forest Area. The research was conducted for 2 months July - August 2022. Respondents in this study came from 3 KTH with a total of 39 members. The method used in this study is a qualitative method, using Stakeholder analysis with the 4R framework, namely Rights (Rights), Responsibility (Responsibility), Income/return (Results/benefits), Relationships (Relationships). The results of the research obtained through the interview method with the help of a questionnaire note that the Institutional Forest Farmer Group has not been effective due to reduced community development and assistance, reduced awareness of responsibility by each stakeholder role, low community income and relationships between stakeholders that have not worked well.

Model of Utilization and Participative Management of Community Forests according to Geosocial Principles

The objectives of this research were 1) to study the utilization of the Huai Sai Khao Community Forest, Ban Tha Pa Pao, Tha Pla Duk Sub-district, Mae Tha District, and Lamphun Province with community participation. 2) To study the mode of participative management of community forests according to the geosocial principles of Ban Tha Pa Pao, Tha Pla Duk Sub-district, Mae Tha District, and Lamphun Province. The objectives were performed using questionnaires from a sample group of 66 household representatives and qualitative research using in-depth interviews and group discussions from village forums. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including frequency, percentage, and mean. The results showed that the social structure of Ban Tha Pa Pao was self-sufficient agriculture. Most people in the community had modest incomes and were primarily men. Overall, it was an empowered community with indigenous knowledge from the local sage, who was a leader and had visions for solving problems and developing communities properly. In addition, the cooperation of people in the community is of great importance to the community forest area. Villagers utilized community forests by collecting non-timber forest products and hunting at all times, and they mainly utilized the forests during the dry season. In terms of community forest management, it was found that villagers participated in community forest management as a whole at a good level. Villagers participating in decision-making showed that they were aware of taking part in proposing alternatives and discussing guidelines to solve problems and set rules or regulations in the management of community forests. Research results suggest that the community forest management model should be adapted to suit modern times and be distinctive to create value for the community and be a source of learning for the community. It should increase the conservation of wildlife that is scarce and provide knowledge about wildlife conservation and the balance of the ecosystem, as well as continuously develop a source of learning and good publicity.

PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI SOSIALISASI DAN PEMBENTUKAN KELOMPOK TERNAK MADU TRIGONA (TETRAGONULA CLYPEARIS) DI DESA REBAN MADANI LINGSAR

Reban Madani Village is one of the expansion villages in the Batu Mekar area, Lingsar District, West Lombok Regency. Reban Madani Village is a village with a fairly large area of agricultural land, plantations and community forest areas and has several natural tourism sectors so that it has great potential to cultivate trigona honey bees. Trigona honey bee cultivation is one of the creative economy-based community empowerment efforts, which is expected to support and contribute to improving the community's economy in the Batu Mekar village area, especially Reban Madani. This activity aims to develop Trigona honey with business management by initiating the formation of a Trigona honey livestock group with the main step being outreach to the community in Reban Madani Village. With the initial goal of "Community Empowerment Through Socialization and Formation of Trigona Honey Livestock (Tetragonula clypearis) Groups in Reban Madani Lingsar Village" as a supporter of the achievement of Reban Madani Village becoming one of the agro-ecotourism destinations in West Lombok. The target groups for this activity are the local community and the Karang Taruna Group. The results and outputs of the activities after the socialization was carried out, namely that the target community experienced an increase in understanding and skills so that they were able to form Trigona honey cultivation groups. It is hoped that through this activity creative ideas will be generated from the honey cattle groups that have been formed to get good and positive results as initial capital to get new and better livelihoods.

POTENSI TANAMAN PANGAN LOKAL PADA KAWASAN HUTAN KEMASYARAKATAN WANA LESTARI DESA KARANG SIDEMEN KECAMATAN BATUKLIANG UTARA

There are a number of forest products excluding wood that have the potential to be utilized. Including plants as food producers that can be used to meet the need for food (Sumarlin et al., 2015). The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of panga plant species and the potential of food crops in community Karang Sidemen Village. The methods used in this study were interviews and simple random sampling methods to analyze plant vegetation in community forest areas. The interview results showed that there were 44 types of food crops from 29 familli that were widely used by the community around the forest area of Karang Sidemen Village, Batukliang Utara District. based on the highest important value index on the behavior of trees and poles is Durian with an important value index of 109.89% at the tree level and at the pole level of 77.82%, for the stake level, namely coffee plants with an important value index of 63.9%, and an important value index for the level of seedlings and lower plants, namely Fern plant species with an important value index of 44.8%

POLA DISTRIBUSI TUMBUHAN PAKU (Pteridophyta) DI KAWASAN HUTAN KEMASYARAKATAN DUSUN PEMOTOH DESA AIK BERIK KECAMATAN BATUKLIANG UTARA KABUPATEN LOMBOK TENGAH NTB

The purpose of this study was to determine the Distribution Pattern of Nail Plants (Pteridophyta) in the Community Forest Area of Pemotoh Hamlet, Aik Berik Village, North Batukliang District, Central Lombok Regency, NTB. This type of research is a quantitative descriptive study. The data collection instrument regarding the types of ferns in this study used an observation sheet or observation sheet. The observation sheet in the form of a table is used as a place to record the results of observations to determine the number of types and individuals of terrestrial ferns in each quadrant and the total number of individuals. Data analysis was carried out descriptively by counting: 1) Species diversity index and 2) Morisita index. Based on the research, there are 17 types of terrestrial ferns found in the area of the Benang Stokel Tourism Forest. The most dominating species (quadrant I-X), namely Cyclosorus Interruptus [INP= 46,431], the average index of fern species diversity found in the Benang Stokel Tourism Forest area in the observation quadrant (quadrant I-X) of H’= 1.138. This diversity index is in the medium category [H'= 1,0-3,322], and the average Morisita index on the observation (quadrant I-X) is Id= 0.113 with criteria [Id&lt;1]. It can be concluded that the distribution pattern of terrestrial ferns in the area of the Stokel Yarn Tourism Forest is uniform.