Korea Community Research Articles

Migration and Settlement, Recreation of Communities

필자들은 커먼즈(Commons)의 연구와 관련하여 줄곧 ‘공동자원이라는 연구주제에 대해 역사연구라는 영역에서는 어떤 접근을 시도해 볼 수 있을 것인가?’ 라는 문제의식을 가져왔다. 이 같은 문제의식은 제주지역이 가지는 다양한 역사문화적 맥락의 이해를 동반하는 공동자원 연구의 진행이 필요하다는 점을 각인시켰다. 이러한 문제의식에 기반한 연구주제들 중, 필자의 관심을 끌었던 주제는 바로 동아시아 역사 속에 보이는 이민과 정착 문제였다. 국적을 뛰어넘은 이동과 해외 정착은 종족정체성과 지역사회정체성을 강화할 뿐만 아니라, 새로운 신분정체성과 함께 국적을 초월한 문화정체성을 강화하기도 한다. 다시 말하면 각 족군(族群)들이 거쳐 온 이주와 정주의 과정들 속에서 새로운 정착지에서 공동체가 어떻게 유지되고 재형성되었는지에 대한 다양한 인과론적 탐색을 통해 공동체의 유지를 가능하게 하였던 커먼즈적 요소가 무엇인지를 추적해 볼 수 있을 것이라 생각했다. 세계사적으로 상당히 강한 이주공동체를 형성하고 있는 화교이주공동체와는 대조적으로 한국인의 해외이주공동체는 상대적으로 그 세력과 범위가 화교의 이주공동체에 비해 미약하다고 말할 수 있다. 그런데, 전 세계에 수많은 지역에 산재한 강력한 화교이주공동체들 중, 유독 한국화교 공동체는 한국사회에서는 상대적으로 강력한 이주공동체로 성장하지 못하였다. 이와는 대조적으로 본문에서 살펴보고자 하는 화교, 특히 부산지역의 화교와는 다르게 재외한국인 이주공동체 중, 오사카를 중심으로 형성된 재일제주인(在日濟州人)사회는 상대적으로 강력한 이주공동체를 형성하고 유지해왔다는 점에서 주목할 만하다. 오늘날 국경을 넘나드는 이주로 인해 기존의 중심과 주변의 관계구도는 다극화되고 분산되는 한편, 주변부는 그 자체로 내적 차이를 발생시켰다. 지역과 세계가 직접 대면하는 과정을 통해 여러 가지 새로운 형태의 횡단적이며 혼종적인 문화현상을 만들어 내었다. 때문에 이주 문제는 공간이동에만 국한되는 것이 아니라 제도, 정치, 사회, 문화, 네트워크 등 다양한 내외적 연결망들이 복합적으로 작용한다. 특히 이 과정에서 형성되는 공동체와 정체성의 형성에는 이주 집단이 공통적으로 포괄할 수 있는 커먼즈적 요소가 자리할 수밖에 없다.In regard of studies on commons, I have kept asking, ‘how can the research topic, commons, be approached in the area of research on history?’ The awareness of the issue raised the necessity of conducting a study on commons in line with the understanding of Jeju in its various historic and cultural context. Among several research topics based on the awareness of the issue, the one that attracted my attention was migration and settlement issues seen in the history of East Asia. Migration beyond nationality and settlement in foreign countries strengthen not only ethnic and community identities, but also new personal and cultural identities beyond nationality. In other words, commons that have maintained communities were expected to be traced by exploring various causal relationships regarding how communities were maintained and recreated in new settlements in the process of migration and settlement that each ethnic group had experienced. Unlike overseas Chinese that have formed strong migrant communities from the perspective of world history, the power and range of overseas Korean communities are relatively weaker than them. These strong overseas Chinese communities are scattered in numerous regions around the world, but overseas Chinese communities in Korea have not been grown as a relatively strong migrant community in Korean society. Unlike the overseas Chinese that are discussed in this study, in particular, overseas Chinese in Busan, people from Jeju Island who reside in Osaka, Japan, compared to other overseas Korean communities, have formed and maintained a relatively strong migrant community, which is worthy of notice. Recent migrations across borders have multipolarized and decentralized existing relations between centers and surroundings, while surroundings themselves have created internal differences. In the process where regions and the world meet face to face, transversal and hybrid cultural phenomena have been created in various new forms. For this reason, issues associated with migrations are not confined to movements between spaces, but they are the results of the combination of various internal and external networks such as system, politics, society, culture and network. In particular, commons that migrant communities can commonly embrace inevitably lie in the process of forming communities and identities.

국내 말산업 육성 5개년 종합계획 추진 정책 및 기대성과 동향 탐색

This paper examines the propulsion policy, expectation, and tendency exploration of comprehensive plan for horse industry promotion to make a realistic policy of horse industry worthy of development as a new income resources for farming and fishing communities in Korea. So, this paper investigated the development tendency of horse industry and explored the propulsion policy and expected outcome of comprehensive plan for horse industry promotion by year. As a result, this paper found that at the second year, of comprehensive five-year plan for horse industry promotion, the aim and expected effect figures were adjusted concretely from those of the first year. As the years go by, new goals and expected effect items were created. In many aspects, a great many efforts were deployed to make comprehensive plans. Especially, a lot of change were tried with the purpose of transferring the regional focus of horse industry from farming and fishing communities to urban communities, of nurturing talented youths, and of activating the distribution of the horse industry over various classes including neglected people.

캠핑 이용자의 소비행동 분석 : 캠핑장 선택 기준 및 캠핑 활동을 중심으로

The purpose of study is to examine campers’ consumption behaviors in Korea. The specific objectives of this study are 1. to identify campers’ camp site selection criteria, 2. the services needed at the camp site and 3. camping activities practiced during camping. Data were collected, using an online survey, from 536 campers who had been members of the largest camping community in Korea, on August 1 to September 11, 2017. The results of the study were as follows. Camper’s selection criteria for camping sites were campsite cleanliness, followed by scenery and amenities. The services needed at the camp site were cleanliness, free Wi-Fi, and employee friendliness in a descending order. The activities campers practice during camping were barbecue, relaxation and campfire. The results are discussed in relation to practical implications in the industry and governmental policy making perspectives.

A Study on the Development of Legal Theory related to International Environmental Law

International Environmental law is a field that has made much progress through a variety of international conventions, resolutions, declarations, guidelines, action plan such as the Convention on Biological Diversity in 1992, the Framework Convention on Climate Change and its protocols in 1992, the Stockholm Declarations in 1972, the World Natural Charter in 1982, and the Rio Declarations in 1992. The common awareness of the international community on the importance of the global environment has brought controversy about the protection of the earth environment and state responsibility. In this regard, international society has introduced a number of legal principles and approaches, which have played a crucial role in the development and proliferation of international environmental law in order to solve the problems of international environmental law. At the same time, however, the legal principles and approaches have been criticized for lack of legal binding force and specificity. Research on the international environmental law has been published consistently in the Korea International Law Review. Therefore, it is very meaningful to look at the development aspect of legal theory in the filed of the international environmental law through the Korea International Law Review for the 20th anniversary of the Korea International Law Review. There is a limit to the facts that results of this study can not be generalized since scope of this research is restricted to the Korea International Law Review. However, many great scholars of the international law academic community have published articles on the Korea International Law Review. Thus, it is worthwhile that this paper can partially infer perspective of the international law academic community in korea. This research attempts to classify the articles of the Korea International Law Review concerning the international environmental law by time and a subject so as to understand advance of law theory and research trends over time.

Effect of Uric Acid on the Development of Chronic Kidney Disease: The Korean Multi-Rural Communities Cohort Study.

ObjectivesSeveral studies have investigated the effects of serum uric acid (SUA) levels on chronic kidney disease (CKD), with discrepant results. The effect of SUA levels on CKD development was studied in the Korean rural population.MethodsA total of 9695 participants aged ≥40 years were recruited from 3 rural communities in Korea between 2005 and 2009. Of those participants, 5577 who participated in the follow-up and did not have cerebrovascular disease, myocardial infarction, cancer, or CKD at baseline were studied. The participants, of whom 2133 were men and 3444 were women, were grouped into 5 categories according to their quintile of SUA levels. An estimated glomerular filtration rate of <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 at the time of follow-up was considered to indicate newly developed CKD. The effects of SUA levels on CKD development after adjusting for potential confounders were assessed using Cox proportional hazard models.ResultsAmong the 5577 participants, 9.4 and 11.0% of men and women developed CKD. The hazard ratio (HR) of CKD was higher in the highest quintile of SUA levels than in the third quintile in men (adjusted HR, 1.60; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02 to 2.51) and women (adjusted HR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.14 to 2.15). Furthermore, CKD development was also more common in the lowest quintile of SUA levels than in the third quintile in men (adjusted HR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.15 to 2.90). The effect of SUA was consistent in younger, obese, and hypertensive men.ConclusionsBoth high and low SUA levels were risk factors for CKD development in rural Korean men, while only high levels were a risk factor in their women counterparts.

국내 산호군락지의 복원가치

국내 산호군락지의 복원가치

식민지기 천주교 교우촌과 그 지도자 연구 : ‘彦陽地方天主公敎協會’를 중심으로

식민지기 천주교 교우촌과 그 지도자 연구 : ‘彦陽地方天主公敎協會’를 중심으로

Between Fraud and Hope: Stem Cell Research in Korea after the Hwang Affair

This study analyzed the influence of the Hwang scandal on the stem cell research community and research governance systems in South Korea. In contrast to the claims of some critics that the fraud scandal might raise doubts about Korean stem cell science, the impact of the Hwang scandal on publications by Korean stem cell researchers in international scientific journals proved limited, with only a temporary halt in research and publications. On the one hand, Korea’s scientific community has moved toward the ethical turn through which the Korean government tightened its research-ethics standards and regulations. On the other hand, the government and scientific community remain hopeful about stem cell research. Consequently, the politics of hope have led to the quick recovery of Korean stem cell science from the potential damage caused by the Hwang scandal. The scandal accelerated the South Korean government’s efforts toward research ethics reform: it mandated universities and research institutes to create and strengthen institutional review boards and other research-integrity committees. In addition, the Korean government, maintaining its optimism about the economic value of stem cell science, continued to fund stem cell research. Despite the seemingly prompt recovery from the scandal, however, stem cell research governance systems in Korea face a serious new challenge: the ethical and safety concerns associated with the rapid commercialization of stem cell science. Therefore, this article views the changes in the scientific community as a process of conflict and negotiation between the accountability crisis in the Korean scientific community and the politics of hope in science.

Information-seeking tactics and sense of workplace community in Korea.

This research examined how information-seeking tactics and sense of workplace community are related to one another. Data from Korea showed that workers (n=314) who preferred overt tactics of seeking information (i.e., direct questioning) also reported a stronger sense of workplace community. Information types and sources did not moderate the relationship between information-seeking tactics and sense of workplace community. Information types, however, moderated the relationship between importance of information and sense of workplace community and the relationship between coworker availability as an information source and sense of workplace community.

Reconsidering formation of Japanese settler’s community in colonial Korea: Through analyzing population statistics and period division

Reconsidering formation of Japanese settler’s community in colonial Korea: Through analyzing population statistics and period division

한국의 웰빙커뮤니티에 미치는 조건들의 결합 연구

The main purpose of this study has been to introduce the community well-being indicators developed and constructed by the Community Well-being Institute of Korea and to demonstrate specific configuration models explaining well-being communities in 27 local communities in Korea, in order to (1) portray the causal connections among factors affecting well-being communities and (2) to suggest policy implications by heeding which each local community can strengthen its level of community well-being. Following the requirements of the QCA model specification, we converted the actual value of each variable to a 1 and 0 score using the TOSMANA software program, produced a truth table, and derived the one configuration explaining well-being community in Korea.

Using Social Media Service and Acculturation of Vietnamese Students' Community in Korea

Using Social Media Service and Acculturation of Vietnamese Students' Community in Korea

Factors Affecting on the Quality of Life of the Elderly with Mild Dementia Living in Some Rural Community in Korea

Factors Affecting on the Quality of Life of the Elderly with Mild Dementia Living in Some Rural Community in Korea

Structural Relationships between Social Factors Affecting Increase in Divorce Rate and Suicide Rate - Focusing on major indicators of Wide-area Autonomous Communities in Korea -

Structural Relationships between Social Factors Affecting Increase in Divorce Rate and Suicide Rate - Focusing on major indicators of Wide-area Autonomous Communities in Korea -

Assessment of absorption ability of air pollutant on forest in Gongju-city

BackgroundSome researchers have attempted to evaluate the ecological function of various additional services, away from the main point of view on the timber production of Korean forests. However, basic data, evaluation models, or studies on the absorption of air pollutants related to major plant communities in Korea are very rare. Therefore, we evaluated the functional value of the forest ecosystem in Gongju-city. Plantation manual for air purification, supplied from the Ministry of Environment in Japan, was referred to process and method for assessment of air pollutant absorption.ResultsGross primary production was calculated about average 18.2 t/ha/year. It was a relatively low value in forests mixed with deciduous broad and evergreen coniferous compared to pure coniferous forest. Net primary production was the highest value in deciduous coniferous and was the lowest value in mixed forest with deciduous broad and evergreen broad. And the mean sequestration amount of each air pollutant per unit area per year assessed from gross primary production and concentration of gas was the highest with 75.81 kg/ha/year in O3 and was 16.87 and 6.04 kg/ha/year in NO2 and SO2, respectively. In addition, total amounts of CO2 absorption and O2 production were 716,045 t CO2/year and 520,760 t O2/year in all forest vegetation in Gongju-city.ConclusionsIn this study, we evaluated the absorption ability of air pollutant in 2014 on forest in Gongju-city area. Gongju-city has the broad mountain area about 70.3%, and area of deciduous broad leaves forest was established the broadest with 47.4% of genus Quercus. Pg was calculated about average 18.2 t/ha/year. The mean sequestration amount of each air pollutant per unit area per year assessed from Pg and Cgas was the highest with 75.81 kg/ha/year in O3 and were 16.87 and 6.04 kg/ha/year in NO2 and SO2, respectively. Absorption rates of O3, NO2, and SO2 were the highest in evergreen coniferous forest about 14.87 kgO3/ha/year, 3.30 kgNO2/ha/year, 1.18 kgSO2/ha/year, and the lowest were 5.95 kgO3/ha/year, 1.32 kgNO2/ha/year, and 0.47 kgSO2/ha/year in deciduous broad forest. In conclusion, it was evaluated that Japanese model is suitable for estimating air pollutants in Japan to Korean vegetation. However, in Korea, there is a very limited basic data needed to assess the ability of forests to absorption of air pollutants. In this study, the accuracy of a calculated value is not high because the basic data of trees with similar life form are used in evaluation.

Factors increasing the risk for psychosocial stress among Korean adults living in rural areas: using generalized estimating equations and mixed models

BackgroundThis study was conducted to analyze the distribution of the psychosocial well-being index among adults living in two rural communities in Korea and to examine its correlation with lifestyle variables such as sleep duration, regular exercise, and sedentary time.MethodsUsing the cohort data of the Atherosclerosis Risk of a Rural Area Korean General Population, this study examined 3631 participants living in Wonju and Pyeongchang in Gangwon Province; their preliminary data were established from 2005 to 2007 while their follow-up data were collected 3 years later. This study investigated demographic characteristics, lifestyle habits, disease history, Psychosocial Well-being Index-Short Form (PWI-SF) scores, sleep duration, regular exercise, and sedentary time during work. Using repeated measures ANOVA, this study examined how the variables and PWI-SF scores changed over the course of 3 years and identified the correlation between them based on mixed model analysis. Afterwards, using the generalized estimation equation, this study identified each variable’s risk towards the PWI-SF high-risk group and performed a stratified analysis by occupation after dividing the participants into farmers and non-farmers.ResultsThe PWI-SF high-risk group was found to be 18.9% of the participants from preliminary data and 15.5% from follow-up data. The odds ratio towards the PWI-SF high-risk group was 1.503 (95% CI 1.241–1.821) in the short sleep duration group and 1.327 (95% CI 1.136–1.550) in the non-regular exercise group. A stratified analysis by occupation showed that middle and long sedentary time in the white-collar group increased the risk toward the PWI-SF high-risk group.ConclusionsShort sleep duration, no regular exercise, and long sedentary time in the white-collar group were identified as risk factors toward the PWI-SF high-risk group in the rural communities, and policy interventions are needed to address this issue.

An Inoperative Community: Senses of Community and the Signboard Renovation Project of Kwangrim Plaza in Contemporary South Korea

This article explores community in contemporary South Korea's commercially saturated urban environments by investigating a recent government-run city improvement project in which the entanglement of institutional power and local commercial forces created a peculiar form of community that is fragmentary and heterogeneous rather than organic and harmonious. The case study involves an attempt by the city government in Gunpo City, South Korea, to collaborate with private enterprise to regulate the dense signage on one specific commercial building, Kwangrim Plaza. The meetings and conversations between the government officials in charge of regulating urban signage and the plaza's forty-five shopkeepers were recorded in a four-part documentary series that was televised on the Seoul Broadcasting System in 2007. The documentary was intended to exemplify the government's effectiveness as well as civic participation in producing an attractive cityscape. Though the film emphasizes reconciliation and synthesis following the shopkeepers' strenuous objections to the renovation project, its scenes reveal a series of conflicts and disagreements among shopkeepers and between shopkeepers and government officials. Though the narrative of the film treats those conflicts as temporary obstacles to the inevitable achievement of this ambitious project, the author argues that interruptions, suspensions, and instances of dissensus in the smooth narrative are the critical moments in which a sense of community manifests itself in everyday urban life.

광역자치단체별 노동1인당 정부투자의 생산성 비교분석

광역자치단체별 노동1인당 정부투자의 생산성 비교분석

내국인 무슬림 공동체에 대한 선교적 이해 : 이슬람의 한국 선교 (Da’wah): 어제와 오늘

Islam like Buddhism and Christianity is a proselytizing religion, which has quickly expanded its religious boundaries since its beginning from the Arabian Peninsula in the 7th century to the rest of the world. By expanding to Africa, Europe, and Asia via the work of imams and merchants Islam became a world religion in a short time. Islam reached Korea at the end of the 9th century during the Shilla Dynasty, but its religious influence was insignificant back then. STATISTICS KOREA (2015) reported that Christianity and Buddhism have become two largest religious groups, each having 13,566,000 and 7,619,000 members respectively. Among Christians, Protestants (9,676,000) are about 2.5 times more numerous than Catholics (389,000). STATISTICS KOREA (2015) did not include Islam in its survey, but estimated that there are about 100,000 Muslims in Korea. Albeit small in number, Muslim population in South Korea has been steadily growing since 1950s, and numerous Koreans converted to Islam even after a flood of negative media coverage about Islam through the formation of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL, ISIS or Daesh) in 2014. I am concerned about Islam and its explosive growth of Muslim population in the 21st century around the world and particularly in South Korea. This paper suggests missiological approaches and reasons to better understand the Muslim community in Korea before sharing the message of the kingdom of God.

Research Trends in Teacher Learning Community in Korea: A Thematic Analysis of Korean Journal Publications

Research Trends in Teacher Learning Community in Korea: A Thematic Analysis of Korean Journal Publications