Purpose Of Communication Research Articles

Performance Evaluation of the Two-Input Buck Converter as a Visible Light Communication High-Brightness LED Driver Based on Split Power.

This work proposes a high-efficiency High-Brightness LED (HB-LED) driver for Visible Light Communication (VLC) based on a Two-Input Buck (TIBuck) DC/DC converter. This solution not only outperforms previous approaches based on Buck DC/DC converters, but also simplifies previous proposals for VLC drivers that use the split power technique with two DC/DC converters: one is in charge of the communication tasks and the other controls the biasing of the HB-LED (i.e., lighting tasks). The real implementation of this scheme requires either two input voltage sources, one of which is isolated, or one DC/DC converter with galvanic isolation. The proposed implementation of splitting the power is based on a TIBuck DC/DC converter that avoids the isolation requirement, overcoming the major drawback of this technique, keeping high-efficiency and high communication capability thanks to the lower voltage stress both across the switches and at the switching node. This fact allows for the operation at very high frequency for communication purposes, minimizing switching power losses, achieving high efficiency and providing lower filtering effort. Moreover, the duty ratio range can also be adapted to the useful voltage range of the HB-LED load to maximize the resolution on the tracking of the output volage. The power is split by means of an auxiliary Buck DC/DC converter operating at low switching frequency, which generates the secondary voltage source needed by the TIBuck DC/DC converter. This defines a natural split of power by only processing the power delivered for communications purposes at high frequency. A 7 W output-power experimental prototype of the proposed VLC driver was built and tested. Based on the experimental results, the prototype achieved 94% efficiency, reproducing a 64-QAM digital modulation scheme and achieving a bit rate of 1.5 Mbps with error in communication of 12%.

قيم الأدب الشفهي في المجتمع الأفريقي: حالة من أغاني اليوروبا الشعبية والمهرجانات التقليدية

Folksongs and traditional festivals are central to almost every activity of the Yoruba people. The contemporary world is full of pains, worries, sufferings and despair and various anti-social activities, in spite of pompous claims and glaring efforts of science and technology in solving old problems to create many new ones. Hence, every individual needs to relax, amuse, and get his or her mind off the dull struggles, worries and sorrows of life through folksongs and festivals. The Yoruba folksongs and festivals as soul-searchers and soul-menders therefore, serve the aesthetic, therapeutic and communicative purposes as tension relievers as well as elixir through which individuals are firmly reassured that there is still hope for humanity. Folksongs and traditional festivals, as manifestations of oral literary genre, possess the remarkable ability to simultaneously entertain, educate, heal and provide solace in individuals. Through them, virtues of the community are upheld and cultural values are projected. It thus concluded that Yoruba folksongs and festivals are a vital communicative instrument for pleasure and a therapy to heal and soothe individuals. Therefore, it is recommended that the Yoruba people continue to utilize folksongs as a means of entertaining, educating, consoling, and comforting themselves as the need arises. Additionally, the study underscores the importance of preserving and perpetuating traditional festival celebrations in Yoruba society, as they serve as a unifying force among the people and a potent platform for showcasing the rich culture and traditions of the Yoruba people to the wider world. Other African societies should also intensify efforts in employing folksongs and festival performances to project their respective cultural identity to the wider world.

External Validation of the American Heart Association PREVENT Cardiovascular Disease Risk Equations

The American Heart Association's Predicting Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Events (PREVENT) equations were developed to extend and improve on previous cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk assessments for the purpose of treatment initiation and patient-clinician communication. To assess prognostic capabilities, calibration, and discrimination of the PREVENT equations in a study sample representative of the noninstitutionalized, US general population. This prognostic study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999 to 2010 data cycles. Participants included adults for whom 10-year follow-up data were available. Data curation and analyses took place from December 2023 through May 2024. Primary measures were risk estimated by the PREVENT equations, as well as risk estimates from the previous Pooled Cohort Equations (PCEs). The primary outcome was composite CVD-related mortality at 10 years of follow-up. Additional analyses compared the PREVENT equations against the PCEs. Model discrimination was assessed with receiver-operator characteristic curves and Harrell C statistic from proportional hazard regression; model calibration was determined as the slope of predicted versus observed risk. The study cohort, accounting for NHANES complex survey design, consisted of 172.9 million participants (mean age, 45.0 years [95% CI, 44.6-45.4 years]; 52.1% women [95% CI, 51.5%-52.6%]). In analyses adjusted for the NHANES survey design, a 1% increase in PREVENT risk estimates was statistically significantly associated with increased CVD mortality risk (hazard ratio, 1.090; 95% CI, 1.087-1.094). PREVENT risk scores demonstrated excellent discrimination (C statistic, 0.890; 95% CI, 0.881-0.898) but moderate underfitting of the model (calibration slope, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.06-1.21). PREVENT risk models performed statistically significantly better than the PCEs, as assessed by the net reclassification index (0.093; 95% CI, 0.073-0.115). In this prognostic study of the PREVENT equations, PREVENT risk estimates demonstrated excellent discrimination and only modest discrepancies in calibration. These findings provided evidence supporting utilization of the PREVENT equations for application in the intended population as suggested by the American Heart Association.

Revision of the Essential Core Competencies: Domains of Competence and Associated Competencies for Pediatric Physical Therapy Professional Education.

The purpose of this Special Communication is to describe the processes of Education Summit III, sponsored by the Academy of Pediatric Physical Therapy, with an emphasis on the review, update, and integration of contemporary language and the Competency-Based Education framework into a revision of the Essential Core Competencies (ECCs). The Academy of Pediatric Physical Therapy has consistently supported pediatric professional education, including sponsoring 3 Education Summits in 2012, 2016, and 2023. The most recent summit focused on a revision of the ECCs and the development of materials to support their implementation. These revised domains of competence and associated competencies will support and guide pediatric physical therapy education for professional students. Educators are encouraged to use their creativity and resources to integrate these into teaching and learning activities.

No More Excuses: Strategies for Inclusive Pediatric Physical Therapy Education.

The purpose of this special communication is to provide practical, evidence-based recommendations and examples of inclusive and accessible teaching practices that can be effectively used in pediatric physical therapy (PT) education to: (1) ensure equity in education, (2) elevate all voices, and (3) facilitate anti-oppressive learning environments. Concrete action items and strategies addressing these 3 recommendations are provided at all levels of the ecological model framework. Pediatric PT clinical and academic educators must work proactively to ensure learning environments are inclusive of everyone. Pediatric PT educators need to take the time to self-reflect, change their behaviors, and use inclusive, accessible, and anti-oppressive education practices. This will create equitable learning opportunities to successfully meet the needs of our learners, children, and families with whom we engage regularly in our personal and professional lives.

교육적 의사소통을 통한 말하기 불안 해소 방향 연구

The purpose of this study is to consider the causes of the problem that students have accumulated speaking experience in the classroom and the symptoms of speaking anxiety intensify even if they go up in grade, and to find educational communication direction for resolving speaking anxiety. In chapter 2, explains the causes and types of speaking anxiety, limitations of the solution currently proposed. Chapter 3 proposes educational communication methods to activate communication in the classroom. First, in terms of communication attitudes, the contents suggest an empathetic communication method through Herman Hesse’s novel Siddhartha. Second, in terms of communication purposes, the contents suggest a communication behavior that aims for mutual understanding among classroom members through Habermas’s communication theory. Third, in terms of communication methods, the contents suggest using a type of group communication to solve common problems.

Cross-cultural design in costume: case study on totemic symbols of China and Thailand

Cross-cultural design has emerged as a pivotal domain of significance within the context of globalization. In the field of cross-cultural design, designers are tasked with addressing user requirements and identity characteristic contexts across diverse cultural backgrounds, aiming to achieve enhanced service delivery and cultural dissemination outcomes. Nonetheless, the landscape of contemporary fashion design research exhibits a noticeable dearth in studies that effectively integrate with cross-cultural design. This study selects the iconic cultural symbols of the Chinese loong (dragon) and Thai naga as case subjects, embarking upon research that employs costume design as a medium and bridge for cross-cultural design and communication. The research methodology integrates qualitative and quantitative approaches, including field investigations, participatory research, and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) analysis, thereby substantiating theoretical constructs through empirical investigation. The study proposes that cross-cultural costume design, undertaken with the purpose of cross-cultural communication, can be conceptualized as a cyclical process involving multiple encoding and decoding iterations. The research elaborates on how costume, functioning as a non-verbal language, serve as a medium for facilitating cross-cultural interactions. Furthermore, the design extraction of cultural symbols is approached through a four-tiered framework. By articulating its research perspective, methodologies, and design cases, this study contributes valuable insights to researchers and practitioners engaged in cross-cultural design and related fields.

Communication: concept, essence, content

The article provides a theoretical analysis of the essence and content of communication, which, being an element of social interaction, ensures the transmission and exchange of information in various spheres of human activity. The analysis of linguistic, socio-psychological, activity, cultural, informational and semiotic approaches carried out in the article made it possible to understand the diversity of ideas about communication, to formulate a more complete idea of its essence and content. It also made it possible to identify inaccuracies and discrepancies in the understanding of the concept of communication, which is important for further development and clarification of the theoretical and applied aspects of this problem, and will also contribute to the development of recommendations on the formation of effective interaction and dialogue, reducing misunderstandings, avoiding conflicts and improving the quality of relations, including and legal. The article analyzes the key components of communication. Special attention is paid to its essence, which consists in creating and maintaining social relationships. It plays an important role in the formation of social consciousness, cultural identity and social integration. Communication ensures the coordination of actions and decision-making, promotes the exchange of knowledge and experience, as well as the formation of public opinion. Emphasis is placed on the fact that, by its very nature, it is a multifaceted and dynamic process, covering various aspects of interaction between people. Such interactions include verbal and non-verbal means of communication, emotional and rational components, and social and cultural contexts. It contributes to the preservation of cultural heritage and adaptation to changes in society. It is substantiated that the main purpose of communication is the transfer and exchange of information, knowledge, emotions and ideas to achieve mutual understanding. It was found that the content of communication includes informational, emotional, motivational and evaluative aspects. Informational content refers to facts, data, and knowledge that are conveyed during communication. The emotional aspect reflects the emotional state of subjects and affects their perception of information. The motivational aspect is related to the intentions and goals that drive communication. The evaluative aspect includes the evaluation of information and the reaction to it, which determines the course of communication and the subsequent behavior of subjects.

Investigation of Deficits in Auditory Emotional Content Recognition by Adult Cochlear Implant Users through the Study of Electroencephalographic Gamma and Alpha Asymmetry and Alexithymia Assessment.

Given the importance of emotion recognition for communication purposes, and the impairment for such skill in CI users despite impressive language performances, the aim of the present study was to investigate the neural correlates of emotion recognition skills, apart from language, in adult unilateral CI (UCI) users during a music in noise (happy/sad) recognition task. Furthermore, asymmetry was investigated through electroencephalographic (EEG) rhythm, given the traditional concept of hemispheric lateralization for emotional processing, and the intrinsic asymmetry due to the clinical UCI condition. Twenty adult UCI users and eight normal hearing (NH) controls were recruited. EEG gamma and alpha band power was assessed as there is evidence of a relationship between gamma and emotional response and between alpha asymmetry and tendency to approach or withdraw from stimuli. The TAS-20 questionnaire (alexithymia) was completed by the participants. The results showed no effect of background noise, while supporting that gamma activity related to emotion processing shows alterations in the UCI group compared to the NH group, and that these alterations are also modulated by the etiology of deafness. In particular, relative higher gamma activity in the CI side corresponds to positive processes, correlated with higher emotion recognition abilities, whereas gamma activity in the non-CI side may be related to positive processes inversely correlated with alexithymia and also inversely correlated with age; a correlation between TAS-20 scores and age was found only in the NH group. EEG gamma activity appears to be fundamental to the processing of the emotional aspect of music and also to the psychocognitive emotion-related component in adults with CI.

Research on SNR enhancement method of underwater airgun impulse signal

Abstract Seismic airgun blasting is nowadays widely employed for ocean exploration and marine geophysical study. Being powerful acoustic source showing excellent repeatability and consistency, it’s potentially applicable for long-distance underwater acoustic communication. Given the sound generating mechanism of airguns, the generated signals cannot be modulated compared with sources signals that are more commonly used for communications purposes. Thus the use of time delay shift coding system, which is both necessary and advantageous under such circumstances. The detection of the impulsive signal from airgun blasting and accurate estimation of its arrival time at the receiving end is paramount for carrying out a time delay shift coding communication. Consequentially, augmentation of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of received signal through enhancement is the most direct and effective approach. This manuscript presents an enhancement method of the airgun blasting signals: A recursive wavelet modulus maxima denoising method is introduced, by separating the raw signals into noise components and signal components iteratively, details information that is erroneously erased by conventional wavelet modulus maxima denoising method can thus been preserved. Coupled with the proposed use of a loop coefficient of determination, automatic balancing between denoising effectiveness and distortion of valid signals is acrhieved.

What Silent Pauses Can 'Tell' Us About the Storytelling Skills of Autistic Children: Relations Between Pausing, Language Skills and Executive Functions.

Silent pauses may serve communicative purposes such as demarcating boundaries between discourse units in language production. Previous research has shown that autistic children differ in their pausing behavior from typically-developing (TD) peers, however, the factors behind this difference remain underexplored. The current study was aimed at comparing the use of silent pauses in the narrative production of autistic children and age-matched TD children, and also to identify possible relations between pausing behavior and the children's language and executive function abilities. According to the study's findings, the autistic children did not differ from their TD peers in the use of grammatical pauses, however, the former tended to produce significantly less syntactically complex narratives than the TD group, which increased the likelihood that the autistic group would pause appropriately at phrasal boundaries. Thoughwe have found low rates of ungrammatical silent pauses and omitted pauses in obligatory discourse contexts across both groups, autistic children with lower cognitive flexibility tended to use more ungrammatical pauses than their peers with higher cognitive flexibility scores. Also, the autistic group tended to omit obligatory silent pauses more often as their narration became more complex. The results demonstrate that syntactic complexity in narrative production modulated autistic children's pausing behavior, and that structurally simple narrations boosted the autistic group's appropriate use of grammatical pauses. The overall findings also demonstrate the importance of studying silent pauses in the narrative discourse of autistic children, and also highlight the links between silent pauses and the children's syntactic and cognitive skills.

The origin of great ape gestural forms.

Two views claim to account for the origins of great ape gestural forms. On the Leipzig view, gestural forms are ontogenetically ritualised from action sequences between pairs of individuals. On the St Andrews view, gestures are the product of natural selection for shared gestural forms. The Leipzig view predicts within- and between-group differences between gestural forms that arise as a product of learning in ontogeny. The St Andrews view predicts universal gestural forms comprehensible within and between species that arise because gestural forms were a target of natural selection. We reject both accounts and propose an alternative "recruitment view" of the origins of great ape gestures. According to the recruitment view, great ape gestures recruit features of their existing behavioural repertoire for communicative purposes. Their gestures inherit their communicative functions from visual (and sometimes tactile) presentations of familiar and easily recognisable action schemas and states and parts of the body. To the extent that great ape species possess similar bodies, this predicts mutual comprehensibility within and between species - but without supposing that gestural forms were themselves targets of natural selection. Additionally, we locate great ape gestural communication within a pragmatic framework that is continuous with human communication, and make testable predications for adjudicating between the three alternative views. We propose that the recruitment view best explains existing data, and does so within a mechanistic framework that emphasises continuity between human and non-human great ape communication.

CEO Compensation Contracts in Family Versus Nonfamily Firms: The Use of Nonfinancial Performance Measures

ABSTRACTResearch Question/IssueThis study examines the association between ownership type—family versus nonfamily firms—and CEO family status—family CEO versus professional CEO—and the use of nonfinancial performance measures (NFPMs) in CEO compensation contracts.Research Findings/InsightsUsing a sample of 3143 firm‐year observations of S&P 500 nonfinancial firms from 2010 to 2018, we find that family firms place a significantly lower weight on NFPMs in CEO compensation contracts than nonfamily firms. Within family firms, we find that a significantly lower weight is placed on NFPMs in compensation contracts for family CEOs relative to those for professional CEOs. Furthermore, additional tests indicate that the negative association between family ownership and the weight placed on NFPMs is stronger (weaker) in firms with low (high) stakeholder visibility.Theoretical ImplicationsWe advance the academic literature on the selection of performance measures in compensation contracts by providing insight into the implications of family ownership and of a CEO's family ties for the use of NFPMs. The results suggest that because family firms have a good ability and a strong incentive to directly monitor and control their CEO's actions, NFPMs are less needed in CEO compensation contracts as a means to align goals. Furthermore, the effects we document are even stronger when the CEOs of family firms are family members.Practitioner/Policy ImplicationsThe results imply that while family firms may not need a high weight on NFPMs in CEO compensation contracts to monitor their CEOs' actions, goal alignment, and internal communication of nonfinancial targets, they may still need them for communication and signaling purposes when exposed to external stakeholder monitoring.

Maintenance of Telugu as an ancestral language in multilingual Mauritius; language planning through education

ABSTRACT This empirical study analyses the role of education policies in maintaining ancestral languages, specifically Telugu, a minority language in post-colonial multilingual Mauritius. Telugu in the Mauritian context no longer has communicative purposes since generations and exists only in specific spaces, having passive functions. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews from two Telugu teachers. Languages are taught in curriculum mostly to develop cognitive and communicative functions. However, in the Mauritian curriculum, ancestral languages (a category of mainly Indian languages), have been introduced (by indentured laborers in the 1800s, who now comprise the majority of the population) mainly to preserve an ancestral root and maintain the multilingual profile of the country. These languages are symbolical of the heritage bequeathed by the ancestors, and the descendants have shown a deep sense of belongingness and have militated to avoid language and culture loss. Furthermore, cultural politics has played an essential role in the maintenance and revitalization of these languages to such an extent that the government has embarked in a revitalization process after independence and is fully engaged in their preservation. Education is the main tool used among others. This paper aims at contributing a case study to the existing literature.

Local Coherence and Subject Continuity: An Analysis Within the Centering Theory

Writing, which include complex processes influenced by many factors, are the least supported linguistic skills in the social context outside the learning environment compared to other learning areas. For this reason, practices in schools are important in the development of writing skills. As these practices aim to ensure that students gain awareness of the functioning of the language system and produce texts that are compatible with the discourse features shaped in line with communicative purposes, students are taught how to make choices compatible with the text type. Therefore, theories and approaches that describe how to make necessary choices to improve writing skills are one of the most important components of teaching effective writing skills. In terms of teaching writing, centering theory is essential as it provides descriptions for the discourse-compatible choices and the establishment of coherence relations needed for text production. Therefore, the aim of the study is to discuss why the centering theory should be taken into account in the practices for the development of writing skills based on the literature, and to describe how the traces of local text coherence and subject continuity are used in conjunction with the principles and concepts set forth by the centering theory

The Effectiveness of Organizational Communication in Improving Employee Performance at PT. Tirta Sibayakindo

This research aims to determine the effectiveness of organizational communication in improving the performance of PT. Sibayakindo employees. This research uses qualitative descriptive data analysis techniques. The data collection techniques used are observation, documentation and interviews with people and organization development. Based on the research results, it is concluded that communication is what binds the company together. Communicating well in a company is not easy, therefore communication strategies are needed. Organizational communication is the delivery and interpretation of messages between communication units in a particular organization. The main purpose of organizational communication is to convey thoughts, views and opinions, share information, express feelings and emotions, and work together. Organizational communication is not just about sharing information but also about building a strong foundation for progress and success. The strategies created and implemented are quite helpful and facilitate the performance of PT. Tirta Sibayakindo employees.

Evolution of Visual Narratives in Fashion Magazines: The Role and Impact of Iconic Signifiers

Design is a phenomenon that has a communicative or functional purpose in the process of transforming images into form by acquiring meaning in the human mind. Fashion magazines are one of the areas in which the visual significance of design is most clearly recognisable. The aim of this study is to identify the visual signs on the covers of fashion magazines and to analyse how these signs convey the meanings they are intended to convey. Also in this direction, the aim is to determine how the signs on the front covers of the French magazines, which is the subject of the study, differ from each other through the signs. The sample group of the study includes a total of 985 front covers covering the fashion magazines Vogue, Elle, Marie Claire and Cosmopolitan from 2000 to 2020. In the research in which the quantitative research method was used, the visual semiotic analysis of the Groupe μ was chosen as the data collection method. Iconic values were used in this analysis to classify the visual elements on magazine covers. A relational survey design was used to analyse the data collected as part of the quantitative research method. A table of iconic signs was created, which form the structure of the visual semiotic analysis of the Groupe μ. In this way, an attempt was made to find out which visual signs were used to transfer the meaning conveyed by the visual messages on the magazine covers to the cover designs. To arrive at the research results, the SPSS package program was used. The research results show that there are significant differences in the visual expression strategies of the various fashion magazines and how each magazine reflects its own unique visual language and brand identity. We believe that this study contributes greatly to our understanding of diversity in the visual design of fashion magazines and its impact on the fashion industry.

Efficient Optimization for Time-Constrained Encounter of Spacecraft with Multirevolution Phasing

“Spacecraft encounter” refers to a close flyby or fast proximity between two or more spacecraft in space. It involves the approach of one spacecraft to another, whether for observation, communication, capture, or interception purposes. This paper presents a novel approach to planning orbital encounter missions for spacecraft within a specified time constraint. The proposed method takes advantage of a unique encounter process where the vehicle performs only two in-plane impulses and matches the target location at the encounter position using multirevolution phasing. To ensure the minimum maneuvering fuel consumption from the selection of the encounter position and analyze the optimality of the proposed encounter maneuver, the determination method of the minimal orbital intersection distance is first given by constructing constraint equations in polynomial form. Then, the algorithm framework for determining the optimal encounter maneuvers is established. This scheme allows us to derive the optimal maneuver position, direction, and impulse magnitude, thereby creating a detailed two-layer solution framework for an arbitrary target. Concurrently, the strategy accommodates orbital phase deviations by proffering a rapid correction method that factors in the perturbation environment. To expand this optimal encounter maneuver planning method to multitarget missions, we develop a reduced-order allocation procedure for optimal pairing between vehicles and targets. Through the use of numerical simulations exemplified by one single-target and two multitarget missions, it is evident that the proposed method is both highly efficient and effective for encountering any given target.

Analysis of Japanese Cultural Patterns

Japan is a close neighbor of China. Since ancient times, China and Japan have had close cultural exchanges. The splendid Chinese culture has played an extremely important role in the course of Japanese history and the development of Japanese culture. The discussion of Japanese culture can enhance the understanding between the two peoples, and can also achieve the purpose of cross-cultural communication through the study of Japanese culture. Hosftede's cultural dimension theory and Minkov's cultural dimension theory used in this paper provide a strong theoretical basis and support for cultural analysis and interpretation in the context of the rapid development of globalization and cross-cultural communication. This paper makes a deep analysis of Japanese culture through seven cultural dimensions, from which it can be seen that Japan is a country with a relatively large power gap, a tendency to collectivism, masculinity and uncertainty avoidance. At the same time, Japanese culture is a laissez-faire culture with strong flexibility and a tendency to universalism.

Small talk as relational practice during assessment

This paper explores small talk as relational practice in performance appraisal interviews between managers at the Belgian headquarters of a small-sized service-oriented company and their sales agents who work remotely around the world. On the basis of a dataset of 14 online video-recorded appraisal interviews and two follow-up interviews with the managers, we examine by using a turn-by-turn content analysis the occurrence and function of small talk as relational practice within the specific interactional context of performance appraisal interviews. The findings show that within this specific virtual workspace context, the communicative purpose of performance appraisal interviews transcends assessment, as the managers make use of small talk to fulfill the additional aim of instilling the company’s corporate culture and personal approach in its employees. We reflect on the meaning of relational practice in the workplace and argue that the communicative purpose of such interactions is broadened so as to adapt to the globalized needs of modern companies.