Language learning stands as a cornerstone in today’s globally interconnected world, particularly for Chinese learners of English as a Foreign Language (EFL). Nevertheless, the process of language acquisition is intricate and influenced by a myriad of factors. The primary objective of this study is to examine the current status of English learning attitudes, engagement, and communication skills among Chinese EFL learners and to explore the interrelationships among these variables. A total of 402 university students majoring in disciplines other than English, situated in central China, participated in this investigation. Three questionnaires—the Attitudes toward English Learning Questionnaire, the English Learning Engagement Questionnaire, and the English Communication Skills Questionnaire—were administered to assess their learning attitudes, engagement, and communication skills using a 4-point Likert scale. Following data collection, descriptive statistics and correlation analysis were conducted using SPSS. The study revealed positive attitudes and high levels of engagement among students in learning English, along with proficient overall communication skills. Additionally, significant differences were observed in students’ responses regarding attitude, engagement, and communication skills when categorized by demographic profiles. Furthermore, a robust correlation was identified among language learning attitude, engagement, and communication skills. Finally, recommendations have been proposed to assist educators in addressing students’ challenges and facilitating improvements in their attitudes, engagement, and communication skills within their respective English classes.