Communication-oriented Approach Research Articles

Коммуникативно-ориентированный подход к обучению практической грамматике английского языка в вузе с использованием онлайн ресурсов и технологий

Аннотация: статья представляет результаты анализа эффективности использования цифровых технологий онлайн обучения в рамках коммуникативно-ориентированного обучения практической грамматике английского языка в вузе. Проблема внедрения цифровых технологий в процесс преподавания иностранных языков представляется особенно актуальной в последние годы. Цель исследования - разработать и внедрить цифровые технологии онлайн обучения для изучения английской грамматики для эффективного межкультурного общения в различных коммуникативных ситуациях. Внедрение в образовательный процесс высокотехнологичных технологий в комплексе с системой интерактивных тренировочных и контрольных упражнений в рамках коммуникативного подхода подтвердило свою эффективность. Положительными результатами использования цифровых технологий при обучении практической грамматике является совершенствование грамматических и коммуникативных навыков, развитие способности к самообучению и активному применению полученных знаний, умений и навыков. Abstract: the article presents the results of the analysis of the effectiveness of using digital online learning technologies within the framework of communicative-oriented teaching of practical English grammar at a university. The problem of introducing digital technologies into the process of teaching foreign languages seems to be especially relevant in recent years. The purpose of the study is to develop and implement online digital learning technologies for learning English grammar for effective intercultural communication in various communicative situations. The introduction of high-tech technologies into the educational process in combination with a system of interactive training and control exercises within the framework of a communicative approach has confirmed its effectiveness. The positive results of using digital technologies in teaching practical grammar are the improvement of grammatical and communication skills, the development of the ability to self-learn and actively use acquired knowledge, skills and abilities.

Means of forming another language communicative competence of students of non-lingual specializations

Problem formulation. In pedagogy, enough experience has been accumulated to solve scientific and practical tasks related to the problem of forming the foundations of a student`s professional orientation. In the scientific literature, professional orientation is considered as a leading personality trait, which includes the entire system of motivations for life and activity, that determines the selectivity of relationships, positions and activity in professional activity. The problem of professionality oriented communication is considered in the works of many scientists and practitioners. In turn, the problem of learning a foreign language based on the principles of professionally oriented communication is closely related to issues of motivation. The communication-oriented approach today is a methodological standard, and the creativity of students is one of its characteristic features of the communicative-oriented approach today is a methodological standard, and the creativity of students is one of its characteristic features of the communicative-oriented approach. The creative element of the communicative approach allows to organize the usage of a foreign language in productive activities, including communication, the sphere of service business, management, jurisprudence, art, self-education. The purpose of the article is to determine and characterize the means of formation of foreign language communicative competence of students with non-languge specialities.

Гадаад хэлний олон улсын стандартад тулгуурласан сургалтын хэрэглэгдэхүүн боловсруулах арга зүйн асуудалд (МУИС-ийн ерөнхий суурь хичээлд зориулсан “Япон хэл 1” сурах бичгийн жишээгээр)

In this article, we will be considering the issues on the methodology for developing the textbook “Japanese 1” for NUM’s Liberal arts education. When creating the textbook “Japanese 1” us authors, have aspired to follow the methodologies for developing foreign language teaching materials, common criteria for textbook, internationally accepted CEFR and the JF Standard for Japanese-Language Education. CEFR and JF standards both clearly define the Level A or beginners’ learning goals and objectives. We took those goals and objectives as our main indicators for evaluation and took a student- centered, communication-oriented approach. Furthermore, when setting learning goals and objectives and evaluating the results, we used the Can-do statements evaluation method, which focuses on “What will the learner be able to do?”. As the above-mentioned textbook is targeted for Mongolian students, it is structured around concepts concerning Mongolian cultural elements. In the future, we firmly believe that this textbook should be used as a comprehensive teaching aid for Japanese language and should be improved along the way. Also, we hereby acknowledge the necessity for developing the basis of creating the textbook for the next level.

Communication-Oriented Approach to Media and Genre Blending in a Sample of Early Modern English Poetry

The article uses an interdisciplinary approach to selected early modern poems of JohnDonne and aims to delineate the research area which still awaits systematic exploration.The textual analysis of his elegy: The Comparison, operating within the communicationorientedtheory of genre blending, leads to the detection of its multigeneric and dialogicpatterns. It reveals the intricate manner in which features and functions of various literaryand non-literary forms are intertwined and harmonized in one poem. It is also arguedthat Donne’s elegy derives its imagery from an experimental trend toward caricatures(grotesquery) followed by the 15th/16th-century portraitists and genre painters. The general conclusion is that Donne utilizes various, then available, communication channelsto ensure intermediality of his message and that his concept presupposes certain cognitiveand creative processes on the addressee’s side.

The Communicative Function of Performative Ekphrasis, the Anagram Riddle and Proverbial Sayings in John Donne’s Poetic Diptych

This essay takes a communication-oriented approach to selected early modern English poetry. It presents a textual analysis of John Donne’s elegy The Anagram, related to the earlier observations concerning his elegy The Comparison, and reveals its multi-generic patterns as well as certain thematic and structural relations between these poems. It thus argues, on textually substantiated grounds, that these elegies may be regarded as a poetic diptych which utilizes features and functions of various forms of communication, associated with literature, visual arts, popular entertainment and folk wisdom. The argument continued in this essay is that Donne draws on the 15/16th-century experimental artistic trend recognized in the particular paintings attributed to B. Passarotti and Q. Massys and appears to superimpose text onto the earlier provided images. The comparative analysis of Donne’s elegies suggests he brings together different reference objects and his poetic message presupposes the addressee’s interaction: certain cognitive and creative processes. By presenting Donne’s ekphrasis as evolving from descriptive to performative, this essay indicates the need to further investigate early modern poetry, by means of interdisciplinary tools, for its references to other arts and, more generally, for its communicative potential.

Embedding L2 Listening Homework in Metacognitive Intervention: Listening Comprehension Development

A review of the various approaches to L2 listening instruction suggests that they were more of text- or communication-oriented approaches and less of learner-oriented ones. More recently, the focus has shifted to engage L2 listeners in their own listening comprehension process through strategy instruction inside the classroom and strategy use outside the classroom. In this regard, Vandergrift and Goh suggested a metacognitive approach to L2 listening instruction in which listening homework is assigned to L2 listeners as an extensive listening activity. Thus, the present article reports on a qualitative study that explores the role of embedding listening homework in metacognitive intervention in the case of English as Foreign Language listening comprehension and the problems learners encounter during listening. A group of intermediate-level male and female learners (N = 25) speaking Persian as the first language participated in embedded listening tasks. As part of a metacognitive intervention, the learners were given listening homework for which they were requested to view five news programs drawn from the BBC website for 5 weeks and complete diaries with a self-directed listening guide before, during, and after watching the programs. Totally, 116 diary entries were analyzed and data about factors influencing their listening comprehension processes and the actual notes they took during planning, monitoring, and evaluating stages of listening comprehension were collected. To categorize and analyze the diary entries, Goh’s framework was used as the analytical framework. Results indicated that diaries with a self-directed listening guide served pedagogical purposes by raising the learners’ metacognitive knowledge and providing them with opportunities to plan, monitor, and evaluate their unseen listening processes. It helped listeners to reflect on their listening homework, find the gap, take action to resolve their listening problems, and experience a sense of achievement and confidence. Possible reasons for findings are outlined and recommendations for future research are presented.

The Noun ’îš in Ancient Hebrew: A Marker of Essential Participation

Taking a functional, cognitive, and communication-oriented approach, this paper posits that in ancient Hebrew, the noun ’îš often played a distinctive role: to signal to an audience that its referent is essential for grasping the depicted situation. In such cases, this noun’s meaning resides mainly on the level of the discourse between the speaker and the audience, rather than on the semantic level. Three types of biblical evidence are presented in support of this idea: ’îš-headed appositions, relative clauses that either serve in lieu of a substantive or modify ’îš, and clauses that introduce an unquantified subset of a known group. The tests involve comparing cases where ’îš is present in a referring expression versus similar cases where it is absent. The study found that all of the studied cases with ’îš were sketching a new or modified situation, in which this noun’s referent was profiled as a key participant. In contrast, all cases without ’îš treated the referent of interest as a given element. The hypothesis accounts for 129 biblical instances of ’îš that scholars had deemed pointless or puzzling. Hence it yields a Hebrew Bible text that is more coherent and informative.

Co-creation and co-production in municipal risk governance – A case study of citizen participation in a German city

ABSTRACT Municipal risk governance requires a communication-oriented approach that involves citizens in order to foster risk resilience. This study argues that citizen participation mechanisms enable citizens to co-create and co-produce risk governance. The paper draws on the case of a German city, including 45 interviews with experts from the municipality’s administration. The results indicate that citizens play a vital role in the risk identification and risk management of institutional and social, collective risks by providing time, information, and other resources. Specific citizen participation mechanisms can even help to handle system risks by fostering acceptance and loyalty.

Language Competence Formation Among VETI NRNU MEPhI Students in the View of State Corporation «Rosatom» Export-Oriented Policy

The paper is devoted to the formation of language competence within the framework of a communication-oriented approach in the light of the requirements of the State Atomic Energy Corporation «Rosatom». The paper discusses a competence-based approach that focuses on the organization of educational and cognitive activities. It presents the experience of using modern communication technologies, Internet resources, online services. The ways of improving the learning process are proposed. The competencies acquired as a result of learning a foreign language are considered.

THE IMPACT OF THE ENGLISH LISTENING TEST IN THE HIGH-STAKES NATIONAL ENTRANCE EXAMINATION ON JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS AND TEACHERS

Listening is a fundamental language skill that enables language learners to receive information and interact with others. Learners use strategies to facilitate learning, perform tasks, and compensate for gaps in linguistic knowledge. Listening and learning strategies have not received much attention at secondary level in Taiwan until recently. From 2014, the Ministry of Education in Taiwan has made the English listening test a part of the large-scale, nation-wide senior high school entrance examination. As the need for teaching and learning English listening is growing increasingly important, the present study aims to explore to what extent the formal English listening test impacts on the teaching and learning of listening in junior high school. In the study, 311 junior high school students and 12 teachers participated; questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were employed. Descriptive statistics and one-way MANOVA were used to analyze quantitative data. The findings showed the test impacted learning more than teaching. In particular, cognitive and social strategies for listening were more frequently adopted by the students than rehearsal and paralinguistic inferencing strategies. While the students expected learner-centered and communication-oriented teaching approaches to listening, the junior high school teachers in fact adopted more of a text-oriented or ‘testing’ approach.

Changing paradigms in teaching English pronunciation: A historical overview

The role of pronunciation has varied widely in different methods and approaches of language teaching. In Grammar Translation Method (GTM) and the cognitive learning it received virtually no role. In Audio Lingual Method (ALM), on the other hand, it had a pivotal role. In communication-oriented approaches and within the broad context of EFL/ESL teaching in which successful communication is emphasized, it has been argued that pronunciation pedagogy deserves neither fate. This paper provides a historical overview of pronunciation teaching from GTM to communicative language teaching (CLT) highlighting the fact that until CLT, pronunciation pedagogy witnessed some drastic fluctuations; nevertheless, from then on, most of the researchers and practitioners in the field have come to the conclusion that the most reasonable and logical goal for pronunciation pedagogy should be intelligibility and functional communicability rather than nativeness.

How to cope with anxiety in hospital settings: Evaluation of a professional training

The objective of the present study was to examine the impact of a communication-oriented approach to disease and anxiety management in hospitals. Based on a five-step model of short-termed communication, we describe the importance of supportive relationships for health care staff, patients, and family members by means of selected examples. The study has wider implications for pastoral care.

Digital Communication in the Communication-Oriented Approach: the Operational Strategic Plan and an Evolutionary Model of the E-relationship Communication Circle.

Companies currently tend to create, maintain and manage relationships. Formal and informal relationships are vital to the survival of any private or public organization. Economics and business management literature provides several definitions of relationship, the evolution of the ICT (Information Communication Technology) has expanded and at the same time, simplified the procedures for creating and maintaining the network of relationships, defined by the main authors on the subject of the e-relationship (electronically-mediated relationship). The Internet is in fact a strategic and innovative virtual network and its spread into communication and business activities has changed consumers, companies and (both public and private) organizations’ behaviour. Relationship theories certainly need to consider communication’s processes as they realize through communication flows, specific means and tools. Considering that relationship is an essential part of business strategies and that communication is a vital component in developing successful business relationship, this work starts from the assumption that, both private and public organizations are increasingly adopting a communication-oriented approach, though continuing to focus on traditional factors, such as product, total quality, distribution, human resources, price, brand and all other business system’s components. Communication becomes, however, the strength of strategic and operational planning. This paper attempts to build a theoretical framework to study the role of the e-communication (Internet-mediatedcommunication) into the stakeholders’ system of relationships within the reference environmental context. A particular focus is on contemporary consumer and his buying behaviour. Consumer is increasingly viewed as a sensation seeker who asks for experiences, values, passions in his purchasing and consumption processes as well as for more sharing services. The need of markets for a closer and direct link with product and/or with its brand requires advanced actions and strategies. The Information technology allows connection and a greater consumer sharing. This work aims at introducing new models underlying some important aspects of the communication-oriented approach.

A Mapping Flow for Dynamically Reconfigurable Multi-Core System-on-Chip Design

Nowadays, multi-core systems-on-chip (SoCs) are typically required to execute multiple complex applications, which demand a large set of heterogeneous hardware cores with different sizes. In this context, the popularity of dynamically reconfigurable platforms is growing, as they increase the ability of the initial design to adapt to future modifications. This paper presents a design flow to efficiently map multiple multi-core applications on a dynamically reconfigurable SoC. The proposed methodology is tailored for a reconfigurable hardware architecture based on a flexible communication infrastructure, and exploits applications similarities to obtain an effective mapping. We also introduce a run-time mapper that is able to introduce new applications that were not known at design-time, preserving the mapping of the original system. We apply our design flow to a real-world multimedia case study and to a set of synthetic benchmarks, showing that it is actually able to extract similarities among the applications, as it achieves an average improvement of 29% in terms of reconfiguration latency with respect to a communication-oriented approach, while preserving the same communication performance.

Factors affecting webpage’s visual interface design and style

Abstract In the past, many researches of web interface were focused on usability and technical aspects. Instead, this research takes the visual communication-oriented approach to see how much the visual interface style adds to its rating. The main purpose of this study is to understand the design criteria and major factors that influenced different web visual interface styles. First of all, Researchers made use of literature review and interviews with 31 users to collect important information about key design criteria and guidelines of web interface design, from which a total of 11 major design criteria were identified. After that, a Likert-type 7 point scale was applied to rate 90 website based on 11 design criteria, and 32 subjects were invited to participate in an experiment. The result showed that ‘title or logo, promotion of image, ease of information display, willingness to read, colors, structure, attraction, layout, usability, hyperlink, and readability of texts’ were the important design criteria that users cared about. Subsequently, these 11 design criteria were further analyzed using principal component analysis to identify two critical factors, ‘emotion factor’ and ‘function factor’, affecting users’ evaluation. Finally, how the two factors and design criteria that influence six types of website interface style are discussed in the latter part of this paper. It is hoped that this research could provide valuable insight for web designers or developers to select a proper style based on users’ evaluation.

New filtering approaches for phishing email

Phishing emails usually contain a message from a credible looking source requesting a user to click a link to a website where she/he is asked to enter a password or other confidential information. Most phishing emails aim at withdrawing money from financial institutions or getting access to private information. Phishing has increased enormously over the last years and is a serious threat to global security and economy. There are a number of possible countermeasures to phishing. These range from communication-oriented approaches like authentication protocols over blacklisting to content-based filtering approaches. We argue that the first two approaches are currently not broadly implemented or exhibit deficits. Therefore content-based phishing filters are necessary and widely used to increase communication security. A number of features are extracted capturing the content and structural properties of the email. Subsequently a statistical classifier is trained using these features on a training set of emails labeled as ham (legitimate), spam or phishing. This classifier may then be applied to an email stream to estimate the classes of new incoming emails. In this paper we describe a number of novel features that are particularly well-suited to identify phishing emails. These include statistical models for the low-dimensional descriptions of email topics, sequential analysis of email text and external links, the detection of embedded logos as well as indicators for hidden salting. Hidden salting is the intentional addition or distortion of content not perceivable by the reader. For empirical evaluation we have obtained a large realistic corpus of emails prelabeled as spam, phishing, and ham (legitimate). In experiments our methods outperform other published approaches for classifying phishing emails. We discuss the implications of these results for the practical application of this approach in the workflow of an email provider. Finally we describe a strategy how the filters may be updated and adapted to new types of phishing.

Communication of the Israeli Leadership with Families of Fallen Soldiers

The article examines the Israeli leadership's attempts to explain and justify the harsh outcomes of deployment of force on behalf of the state. It analyzes Commemoration Day Letters sent by representatives of the State of Israel to the families of soldiers killed in action from 1952 onwards, focusing on significant changes in the relation between the individual and the collective. The major turning point is expressed in Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin's letters from the mid-1980s, in which the sanctity of life appears as an ideal guiding the state's political establishment. Applying Roman Jakobson's model of communication, the article claims that this turning point marks a shift from a collective, story-oriented approach in which the national narrative was offered as consolation for the loss to a communication-oriented approach, in which those undersigning the letters are presented as personal communicators rather than national narrators. Against the background of problems of legitimacy embedded in this approach, the article analyzes how recent letters refrain from taking either an individualistic or a collective standpoint.

Role of Clinical Ethicists in Making Decisions About Levels of Care in the Intensive Care Unit

Role of Clinical Ethicists in Making Decisions About Levels of Care in the Intensive Care Unit

Social Construction in Communication Re-Constituting the Conversation

In this chapter, we offer a response to Shotter and Gergen’s (1994) proposal in Communication Yearbook for social construction (SC) as a framework for communication by reconstituting its impact in our field. We provide an overview of SC research in the communication discipline to illustrate the ways in which scholars have developed specifically communication-oriented SC approaches. After wresting SC from the realm of epistemology and placing it into that of practical theory, we select three areas of research and praxis where social constructionist thinking about communication makes a dramatic difference in thinking and practice. These areas—gender, crisis, and therapy— allow us to move beyond the confines of an American academic forum and engage the concerns of an audience of practitioners in a more global exchange. Additionally, these three topics give us the opportunity to address relevant and still pressing critiques that we take to be consequential to both SC and communication: materiality, agency, and critical applications of practical theory that allow social construction scholars to speak politically on matters heretofore considered extradiscursive. A section on future directions for and challenges to social constructionism concludes our reflection.

Meeting Scheduling: Face-to-Face, Automatic Scheduler, and Email Based Coordination

We conducted laboratory experiments based on small groups (4 to 5 participants) to compare the performance of 4 different mechanisms of meeting scheduling: (a) face-to-face coordination wherein individuals negotiate in person and arrive at a consensus on the timing of the meeting, (b) email as the sole communication medium with no structured support, (c) the calendar-based scheduling mechanism using email, and (d) an automated scheduler. Participants of the experiment were drawn from a university in Hong Kong. The experiment was implemented based on the real task of meeting scheduling among project groups that had to meet several times during a 3-month period to work on their project (regardless of this experiment). Postexperimental surveys were used to assess satisfaction with agreed meeting time and perceived efficiency in coordination. The frequency of scheduling conflicts also was measured. Data analysis indicates that even with higher scheduling conflicts among the group members, participants in general showed more satisfaction with the meeting time reached during the face-to-face meeting and also concurred on the efficiency of face-to-face coordination. Overall, they preferred communication-oriented approaches such as face-to-face coordination over decision-oriented ones such as the automated scheduler. We discuss the result of data analysis from the perspective of cultural implications on meeting scheduling and on virtual process management.