Information Communication System Research Articles

Sustainable Mobility as a Service: Demand Analysis and Case Studies

Urban mobility is evolving today towards the concept of Mobility as a Service (MaaS). MaaS allows passengers to use different transport services as a single option, by using a digital platform. Therefore, according to the MaaS concept, the mobility needs of passengers are the central element of the transport service. The objective of this paper is to build an updated state-of-the-art of the main disaggregated and aggregated variables connected to travel demand in presence of MaaS. According to the above objective, this paper deals with methods and case studies to analyze passengers’ behaviour in the presence of MaaS. The methods described rely on the Transportation System Models (TSMs), in particular with the travel demand modelling component. The travel demand may be estimated by means of disaggregated, or sample, surveys (e.g., individual choices) and of aggregate surveys (e.g., characteristics of the area, traffic flows). The surveys are generally supported by Information Communication System (ICT) tools, such as: smartphones; smartcards; Global Position Systems (GPS); points of interest. The analysis of case studies allows to aggregate the existing scientific literature according to some criteria: the choice dimension of users (e.g., mode, bundle and path, or a combination of them); the characteristics of the survey (e.g., revealed preferences or stated preferences); the presence of behavioural theoretical background and of calibrated choice model(s).

GIS FOR THE ARMED FORCES OF UKRAINE. TWO COMPONENTS Of VICTORY

The purpose of the article is to study the peculiarities of the use of GIS, which is used by the Armed Forces, namely by artillery. Interaction regarding the use of high-quality satellite communication and geographic information system was considered. The relevance of the article lies in the analysis of the use of geoinformation technologies for military purposes. GIS "ARTA" was studied, and its main advantages were determined. The problems that can be solved with the help of "ARTA" GIS are considered. Thanks to the use of GIS during military operations, it is possible to improve the accuracy and speed of artillery and missile systems. The practical application of a complex system, which includes GIS and a high-quality satellite communication system, will allow to significantly increase the effectiveness of the use of artillery in modern warfare.

Peculiarities of implementation of the network of ecological monitoring of combat action for the Armed Forces of Ukraine

The current ecological state of Ukraine's natural environment is largely determined by the consequences of hostilities taking place almost throughout its territory. The article considers the peculiarities of the implementation of the concept of a single network of environmental monitoring of hostilities for prompt response and preventive measures to prevent irreversible damage to the components of the environment, personnel and the population living in the vicinity of hostilities.The analysis of the structural and logical model of the system of ecological monitoring of military-man-made objects and its adaptation to the monitoring of hostilities is carried out. A structural and functional scheme of the environmental monitoring system of hostilities has been developed, which allows to obtain detailed information from all four levels of subordination for the Armed Forces of Ukraine.The types and nature of environmental information processed in the system of environmental monitoring of hostilities are determined. The architecture of the information-measuring system of ecological monitoring of combat operations and the peculiarities of the interaction of its components through the information-communication system of the Armed Forces of Ukraine have been developed.Requirements to the information-measuring system of ecological monitoring of military operations are formed and the architecture of ecological-information systems on the basis of the effective concept of a data warehouse which generalizes all ecological information on influence of military actions on an ecological condition of environment of Ukraine is offered.The structural and functional scheme of the information-analytical system of ecological monitoring of military operations is offered, which will allow to successfully implement the tasks listed in the article and to achieve high efficiency of ecological information use.

Creation of a video data reliability assessment model for compression coding technology in the conditions of errors in the data transmission channel

The technology of compression coding of video data for information communication systems of the air segment is being studied. Distinctive features of the developed technology are the following: structural decomposition of the information space by structural feature; the use of a two-hierarchical scheme of statistical coding. A feature of the proposed technology is the use of a statistical approach in the process of forming the informational part of the codegram and the marker (identifier) of the code structure in the original code sequence. This makes it possible to create conditions for localizing the action of errors that occur in the process of video data delivery in the air segment info-communication systems. A model for evaluating the effectiveness of the proposed video data compression coding technology is created. A feature of the created model is the use of both quantitative and qualitative indicators of data distortions of the video information resource under the conditions of errors in the data transmission channels. A comparative analysis of the developed technology with lossless coding methods (Huffman method) and existing compression coding technologies built on the basis of the JPEG platform is carried out. The advantages of the proposed technology are the provision of localization of the action of errors due to the use of additional service information (identifiers) about the code structure, which is formed in the process of statistical coding of the data of the video information resource.

Синтез оптической нейроморфной структуры с функциональным разделением нейронов для распределения потоков информации

The work presents analysis of possible application of self-generating neural networks, which can independently generate a topological map of neuron connections while modelling biological neurogenesis, in multi-threaded information communication systems. A basic optical neural network cell is designed on the basis of the applied layered composition performing data processing. A map of neuron connections represents not an ordered structure providing a regular graph for exchange of information between neurons, but a set of cognitive reserve represented as an unconnected set of neuromorphic cells. Modelling of neuron death (apoptosis) and creation of dendrite-axon connections makes it possible to implement a stepwise neural network growth algorithm. Despite challenges in implementing this process, creating a growing network in an optical neural network framework solves the problem of initial forming of the neural network architecture, which greatly simplifies the learning process. Neural network cells used with the network growth algorithm resulted in neural network structures that use internal self-sustaining rhythmic activity to process information. This activity is a result of spontaneously formed closed neural circuits with common neurons among neuronal cells. Such organisation of recirculation memory leads to solutions with reference to such intra-network activity. As a result, response of the network is determined not only by stimuli, but also by the internal state of the network and its rhythmic activity. Network functioning is affected by internal rhythms, which depend on the information passing through the neuron clusters, which results in formation of a specific rhythmic memory. This can be used for tasks that require solutions to be worked out based on certain parameters, but they shall be unreproducible when the network is repeatedly stimulated by the same influences. Such tasks include ensuring information transmission security when using some set of carriers. The task of determining a number of frequencies and their frequency plan depends on external factors. To exclude possible repeating generation of the same carrier allocation, it is necessary to use networks of the configuration under consideration that can influence generation of solutions through the gathered experience.

Dynamic coverage performance of wind-assisted balloons mesh based on Voronoi partition and energy constraint

Efficiently navigating a fleet of several thousand high-altitude balloons to provide communication network and information system to the entire Earth is a promising technology. Here we proposed the use of balloons with altitude control system to coverage the entire Earth by exploiting the natural time-varying wind field. The energy constraints are deduced based on the energy collecting-consuming model and the energy management strategy of the wind-assisted balloon. The Voronoi partition is introduced to optimize the configuration. Then a dynamic coverage algorithm for multi-balloons system is developed. Three schemes of 1500 balloons in two launch sites are simulated to show the effectiveness of the algorithm. The results demonstrate that Voronoi partition with energy constraints is an effective solution to spread the wind-assisted balloons out over the entire Earth within a short time and then maintain the optimal dynamic coverage configuration for quite a long time. This can serve as a guideline for the design and flight test of the serviceable wind-assisted balloons coverage mesh.

Achievable Rate Maximization for Multi-Relay AF Cooperative SWIPT Systems with a Nonlinear EH Model.

In this paper, the maximization of the achievable information rate is proposed for the multi-relay amplify-and-forward cooperative simultaneous wireless information and power transfer communication systems, where the nonlinear characteristic of the energy harvesting (EH) circuits is taken into account for the receivers of the relay nodes. The time switching (TS) and power splitting (PS) schemes are considered for the EH receivers and the achievable rate maximization problems are formulated as convex and non-convex optimization problems, respectively. The optimal TS and PS ratios for the relay nodes along with the maximum achievable rates for the system are obtained, respectively, by solving the optimal problems with efficient algorithms. The asymptotic maximum achievable rates at low and high input signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) for both the PS and TS schemes are also analyzed. It is demonstrated that the PS scheme is more susceptible to the variation of the relays’ location and the channel parameters than TS scheme, whereas the TS scheme is more susceptible to the mismatch of the resource allocation than PS scheme. Specifically, compared to the linear EH model, the nonlinear EH model achieves significant performance gain for the TS scheme, whereas inconspicuous performance improvement is achieved for the PS scheme.

Preface

Organized by Beijing Jiaotong University, the 2021 2nd International Symposium on Automation, Information and Computing (ISAIC 2021) was held successfully online from December 3rd-6th, 2021. The technical program of ISAIC 2021 comprised one plenary session with 10 plenary speeches (40 minutes for each including 3-5 minutes of Q&A), 9 parallel oral sessions including 15 invited speeches (25 minutes for each including 3-5 minutes of Q&A) and 73 online live presentations (15 minutes for each including 3-5 minutes of Q&A), 54 pre-recorded video presentations (15-20 minutes) and 13 e-poster presentations.The ISAIC conference series aims to provide an academic platform for researchers and scholars to present and discuss their latest findings about automation, information and computing. ISAIC 2021 gathered over 197 participants from 28 different countries and areas. The main subjects of the conference were artificial intelligence, electronic and electric systems, information communication technology, information security, mathematics and system engineering.This volume records the proceedings of ISAIC 2021 and contains 134 manuscripts that in accordance with the Journal’s Peer Review Policy were strictly selected based on originality, significance, relevance, and contribution to the area after being peer-reviewed.List of General Chairs, Co-Chairs, Technical Program Committee are available in this pdf.

Evaluation of the Interference’s Impact of Cooperative Surveillance Systems Signals Processing for Healthcare

Patient signals produced from a physical device, such as electrocardiography (ECG), which records the electrical activity of the heart, are vulnerable to keep noise due to various physical constraints of acquisition devices. It is critical for the detection and diagnosis of a variety of diseases. An ECG signal should be displayed as clean and clear as feasible due to its relevance in assisting physicians and doctors in making appropriate judgments. ECG is vulnerable to many types of noise because it is an electrical signal. To improve the quality of assistance for consumers Info a surveillance system by cooperative surveillance systems, high-quality data processing by the observed surveillance systems is required, which predetermines the requirement for high noise immunity of the latter. At the same time, the basics of building cooperative surveillance systems as a network of two-channel asynchronous information communication systems which include numeral of transmitting and receiving process using diverse frequency limits for reception and transmission, failure-prone open single-channel queuing systems, and request signals do not allow to provide the required the noise resistance of the systems under consideration. This paper first gives a characterization of request and interference signal flows in cooperative surveillance systems and briefly examines the features of request signals and their effect on the immunity of cooperative surveillance systems. Then, it calculates the noise resistance of the demand signals of the cooperative surveillance systems for the probabilities of errors: signal skipping; First- and second-degree false alarms in the case of unrelated events, unintended and intra-system impulse interferences in the request channel

Whoever Controls the Past, Controls the Future: Archives and Records Management Practitioners’ Response to COVID-19 Pandemic in South Africa

The World Health Organisation (WHO) declared COVID-19 a pandemic in 2020. Most countries around the world, including South Africa, have imposed national lockdowns. COVID-19 was declared a national disaster in South Africa in March 2020, in accordance with the Disaster Management Act, 2002. The Act, among other things, recognises the importance of having access to reliable disaster information, as well as information management and communication systems for storing, disseminating, and exchanging information. Additionally, in April 2020, the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) issued a declaration calling for shared responsibility in preserving the documentary heritage that provides a historical perspective on how pandemics have been addressed in the past for future research. The declaration was supported by heritage organisations such as the International Council on Archives. This quantitative study used The UNESCO 2015 Recommendation Concerning the Preservation of, and Access to, Documentary Heritage Including in Digital Form to investigate how members of the South African Society of Archivists responded to the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of preserving and providing access to documentary heritage. A structured web questionnaire was used to collect data. The study revealed that while some archives and records management practitioners’ institutions had preservation, access, and disaster preparedness measures in place, others did not. From the findings, policy directions and a framework for records and archives management are proposed.

Promising high-tech export-oriented and demanded by the domestic market areas of marine robotics

In order to develop the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, in the decree of the President of the Russian Federation, areas related to the development of the Northern Sea Route, environmental protection of the Arctic zone, an increase in the growth rate of geological research and the development of monitoring systems for the Arctic region were separately noted. Also in this document, the main tasks were identified that require careful study, namely: the development and implementation of technologies and equipment for use in Arctic conditions, the improvement of the environmental monitoring system, the use of modern information and communication technologies and communication systems for measurements from satellites, marine and ice platforms, research vessels, ground points and from observatories. These problems and tasks are already being successfully solved abroad with the help of the development of modern systems and devices used as part of marine robotic complexes (MRTC). This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the use of autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles (AUVs) as part of underwater resident systems. Particular attention is paid to the projects already implemented in the external market in the oil and gas industry. The authors present the implemented developments in the field of marine resident robotics in the Russian Federation. In conclusion, the authors for-mulated proposals for the development of the direction of marine robotics, including for solving problems associated with long-term monitoring and operation of the bottom oil and gas infrastructure. Key words Marine robotic complexes, AUV, resident robotics, seabed stations, underwater service work, underwater monitoring.

Single-sideband microwave-to-optical conversion in high-Q ferrimagnetic microspheres

Coherent conversion of microwave and optical photons can significantly expand the capabilities of information processing and communications systems. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the microwave-to-optical frequency conversion in a magneto-optical whispering gallery mode microcavity. By applying a magnetic field parallel to the microsphere equator, the intracavity optical field will be modulated when the magnon is excited by the microwave drive, leading to a microwave-to-optical conversion via the magnetic Stokes and anti-Stokes scattering processes. The observed single-sideband conversion phenomenon indicates a nontrivial optical photon–magnon interaction mechanism derived from the magnon that induced both the frequency shift and modulated coupling rate of optical modes. In addition, we demonstrate the single-sideband frequency conversion with an ultrawide tuning range up to 2.5 GHz, showing its great potential in microwave-to-optical conversion.

Development of Additive Fibonacci Generators with Improved Characteristics for Cybersecurity Needs

Pseudorandom sequence generation is used in many industries, including cryptographic information security devices, measurement technology, and communication systems. The purpose of the present work is to research additive Fibonacci generators (AFG) and modified AFG (MAFG) with modules p prime numbers, designed primarily for their hardware implementation. The known AFG and MAFG, as with any cryptographic generators of pseudorandom sequences, are used in arguments with tremendous values. At the same time, there are specific difficulties in defining of their statistical characteristics. In this regard, the following research methodologies were used in work: for each variant of AFG and MAFG, two models were created—abstract, which is not directly related to the circuit solution, and hardware, which corresponds to the proposed structure; for relatively small values of arguments, the identity of models was proved; the research of statistical characteristics, with large values of arguments, was carried out using an abstract model and static tests NIST. Proven identity of hardware and abstract models suggest that the principles laid down in the organization of AFG and MAFG structures with modules of prime numbers ensure their effective hardware implementation in compliance with all requirements for their statistical characteristics and the possibility of application in cryptographic information security devices.

Educational Aids for Teaching Hacking Principles to Strengthen Computational Thinking Skills to Elementary

Modern society is changing into an era of digital transformation with the development of advanced information and communication technology (ICT) and information systems. Various information is digitized and stored, and the value of information is increasing. As the value of information increases, hackers' techniques to take advantage of unfair profits using them are subdivided and advanced, causing unexpected big problems in society. In particular, it was noted that cases in which elementary school students, a digital native generation, are often reported to be involved in crimes. Therefore, based on the basic concepts and principles of computing for elementary school students, we developed a learning teaching tool that can provide hacking-related education in an interesting way using gamification based on computing thinking ability that can efficiently solve unexpected problems. The learning goal was set for the development of educational aids by analyzing the cyber-attack process, and the game material was selected by applying the information security hacking principle learning to Samuel Livingstone's simulation game model. Then, we set game figures, roles, resources, external factors, and goals of the educational game and designed game boards, mission papers, and worksheets. We also established the game rules using the game data designed. Lastly, we found complementary points with security experts and education experts to supplement the learning aid while running the game. This paper helped learners to understand the security equipment applied in the network environment. In the end, we developed a teaching aid that can strengthen learners' computational thinking and understand hacking principles. This game ensures infinite scalability of the challenge by having students perform three missions per challenge. The educational aids proposed in this paper are limited at the primary level that elementary school students can understand. However, it can be designed and extended to infer interleaving by combining transaction and lock functions.

Robust Security Beamforming for SWIPT-Assisted Relay System with Channel Uncertainty.

This paper considers the physical layer security (PLS) of a simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) relay communication system composed of a legitimate source–destination pair and some eavesdroppers. Supposing a disturbance of channel status information (CSI) between relay and eavesdroppers in a bounded ellipse, we intend to design a robust beamformer to maximum security rate in the worst case on the constraints of relay energy consumption. To handle this non-convex optimization problem, we introduce a slack variable to transform the original problem into two sub-problems firstly, then an algorithm employing a semidefinite relaxation (SDR) technique and S-procedure is proposed to tackle above two sub-problems. Although our study was conducted in the scene of a direct link among source, destination, and eavesdroppers that is non-existing, we demonstrate that our conclusions can be easily extended to the scene for which a direct link among source, destination and eavesdroppers exist. Numerical simulation results compared with the benchmark scheme are provided to prove the effectiveness and superior performance of our algorithm.

Decentralized Machine Autonomy for Manufacturing Servitization.

Blockchain ecosystems are rapidly maturing and meeting the needs of business environments (e.g., industry, manufacturing, and robotics). The decentralized approaches in industries enable novel business concepts, such as machine autonomy and servitization of manufacturing environments. Introducing the distributed ledger technology principles into the machine sharing and servitization economy faces several challenges, and the integration opens new interesting research questions. Our research focuses on data and event models and secure upgradeable smart contract platforms for machine servitization. Our research indicates that with the proposed approaches, we can efficiently separate on- and off-chain data and assure scalability of the DApp without compromising the trust. We demonstrate that the secure upgradeable smart contract platform, which was adapted for machine servitization, supports the business workflow and, at the same time, assures common identification and authorization of all the participants in the system, including people, devices, and legal entities. We present a hybrid decentralized application (DApp) for the servitization of 3D printing. The solution can be used for or easily adapted to other manufacturing domains. It comprises a modular, upgradeable smart contract platform and off-chain machine, customer and web management, and monitoring interfaces. We pay special attention to the data and event models during the design, which are fundamental for the hybrid data storage and DApp architecture and the responsiveness of off-chain interfaces. The smart contract platform uses a proxy contract to control the access of smart contracts and role-based access control in function calls for blockchain users. We deploy and evaluate the DApp in a consortium blockchain network for performance and privacy. All the actors in the solution, including the machines, are identified by their blockchain accounts and are compeers. Our solution thus facilitates integration with the traditional information-communication systems in terms of the hybrid architectures and security standards for smart contract design comparable to those in traditional software engineering.

SELECTION OF INDIVIDUAL INDICATORS FOR ASSESSING THE ABILITY OF THE INFORMATION SECURITY AND CYBERSECURITY SYSTEM TO FUNCTION IN SPECIAL COMMUNICATION INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

The subject of research in the scientific article is the system of Information Protection and cybersecurity in information and communication systems of special communication. The purpose of the article is to substantiate proposals for the selection of individual indicators for assessing the ability of the information security and cybersecurity system to function in Special Communication Information and communication systems in partial performance indicators. To achieve the goal and task, a set of interrelated theoretical research methods was used: analysis and generalization of scientific literature; structural and genetic analysis, when clarifying the object and subject of research; analytical and comparative analysis when evaluating the novelty of research results; synthesis and generalization-to justify indicators; generalization – to formulate conclusions and recommendations. Research results and conclusions. The result of the study was a reasonable solution of a new scientific and practical task to substantiate the performance indicators of the information security and cybersecurity system based on the results of the analysis of annual reports of cybersecurity incidents. The proposed solution significantly contributes to ensuring the national security and defense of Ukraine. Scientific novelty of the result obtained. For the first time, separate indicators for assessing the ability (effectiveness) of the functioning of the information security and cybersecurity system in Special Communication Information and communication systems are proposed. Prospects for further research in this area. The presented study does not exhaust all aspects of this problem. The theoretical results obtained in the course of scientific research form the basis for further substantiation of the methodology for assessing the ability (effectiveness) of the functioning of the information security system and cybersecurity of information in information and communication systems of special communication.

Preparedness for Dealing with Disasters and Its Relationship with Information-Communication Systems in Hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences

Background & Aims of the Study: Hospital preparedness is essential in responding to disasters, and the role of communication and information systems as one of the main components of preparedness is essential. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the preparedness of hospitals in the face of disasters and investigate the status of communication and information systems and the relationship between them. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was performed in 12 hospitals available at Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2019. In order to collect information, direct observation, talking, and finally completing two checklists were used: 1) assessment of preparedness for emergencies and 2) evaluation of information and communication systems. Expert professors confirmed their validity and reliability during the test-retest method. SPSS v. 24 software, descriptive statistics, and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. Results: The overall preparedness status for dealing with disasters and communicationinformation systems was assessed at a moderate level. Also, there was a statistically significant direct relationship between the scores of preparedness areas and the scores of communicationinformation systems of these hospitals (P≤0/05). Conclusion: The moderate preparedness status of the hospitals in this study was not acceptable due to national and sometimes international expectations. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the overall preparedness and strengthen the technical infrastructure of communicationinformation systems in a multi-layered way and develop the culture of using these systems in the face of unexpected events.

ЦИФРОВЫЕ ФАКТОРЫ РАЗВИТИЯ СОЦИОТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ СИСТЕМ В СОВРЕМЕННОЙ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ: ТРУДОВОЙ АСПЕКТ

The object of the paper is the socio-technological system of an organization. The study aims to identify the key elements of this system, and the main relationships between them, determining their impact on the competitiveness of the organization. The authors use the following research methods: systematic and comparative approaches, as well as structural and statistical analysis of enterprise data. According to the research results in organizations of various types of economic activity in St. Petersburg, 5 main groups of elements that have the greatest impact on the competitiveness of the organization were identified, characterized, and classified. The first group includes technical elements (machines, devices, equipment, tools, and fixtures), the second group includes technological elements (algorithm of actions for diagnosing or changing the state of the object of labor, methods, and means of production, provision of services, management), the third group – social elements of the internal environment (personnel competencies, motivational and value attitudes of employees, the organizational structure of management, functional relationships, and rational distribution of functions), the fourth group – social elements of the external environment (public social institutions, competing organizations, and partner organizations), and the fifth group – information technology and communication systems. The authors conclude that digitalization is one of the most significant drivers of the transformation of the sociotechnological system since it has a strong impact on the social elements of the internal environment of the organization and on the elements of the technological group. The consequences of this influence entail changes in the professional competencies of employees, a reduction in the number of employees and the time spent on performing many labor functions, improving the quality and accuracy of work in many areas, contributing to building direct links between suppliers and consumers, allowing new forms of employment in the organization (flexible working hours, remote employment, the use of freelancers). The results obtained can be used by companies of various profiles in the development of corporate programs to improve their competitiveness.

Expected Failure Method and Its Analysis for Safety Evaluation in a Cyber-Physical Power System

With the development of communication technology, power and information systems have become deeply coupled and have become the most massive and complex cyber-physical power systems (CPPSs), resulting in certain risks to the safe operation of power systems. In this paper, a CPPS security assessment method based on the expected failure method and considering combined information attacks is proposed. Due to the large number of nodes in modern information systems, enumerating all possible combinations of system failures for evaluation and analysis is unrealistic. By considering the topological relationship of the CPPS and the electrical properties of coupled physical nodes, the idea of first screening information nodes is proposed in this paper to filter the information nodes. The impact of combined information attacks on the expected physical fault handling process is analyzed, and a safety evaluation index for the distribution network is provided. In addition, the proposed method is applied to the IEEE-118 system and compared with previous evaluation methods to verify its effectiveness.