Highway Communication Research Articles

Legibility of variable message signs on foggy highway: Effect of text color and spacing

Variable message signs are frequently utilized as highway communication facilities to inform vehicles about the state of the roads and the weather. However, standards and design specifications for variable message signs are unclear. This study examines the effect of the own factors and environmental factors on the legibility of variable message signs in order to optimize the design of variable message signs on highways. Three font colors (green, red, and yellow) and three levels of word spacing (0.1H, 0.3H, and 0.5H) were chosen for the variable message signs. For the environmental factors, three different weather types were represented according to visibility, namely sunny (visibility 10,000 m), light fog (visibility = 1000), and heavy fog (visibility = 200). The legibility time and distance were recorded for 23 participants, and then the legibility of the variable message signs was analyzed. The results showed that own factors and environmental factors influenced the legibility of the variable message signs. Experiment 1 results showed that the legibility of the variable message signs was the best when the text was yellow in light fog weather conditions. Experiment 2 results showed that the legibility of the variable message signs was better than other experimental scenarios in light fog conditions with a 0.3H word spacing. The findings of this study will be used by relevant agencies to establish design guidelines for variable message signs.

Efficient propagation modelling for open‐confined mixed space using a hybrid ray‐tracing/waveguide theory method

AbstractThe accurate prediction of radio wave propagation along highways plays an important role in the design of high‐speed highway communication systems. The open‐confined mixed space is a connection zone between the open space and confined tunnel along the highway. A hybrid propagation model is presented based on ray‐tracing (RT) and waveguide theory, for the efficient modelling of open‐confined mixed space. The proposed model employs RT to predict radio waves emitted by sources with arbitrary radiation patterns in open space sections, and utilises the waveguide theory approach to accelerate the prediction process in the confined tunnel sections. Both two‐ray and six‐ray RT models are included to take into account the suburban and urban environments. Numerical results are compared with simulated results generated by RT as well as experimental measurements. The validity and usefulness of the proposed model are demonstrated in an actual open‐confined mixed space environment.

Uloga i značaj Novinske agencije Srna u medijskom prostoru Republike Srpske

News agencies function as 'wholesalers' of news, collecting news from various parts of the world, shaping it, and distributing it to their clients, mainly traditional mass media, and/or end users, the audience. Since their beginnings in the 19th century, agencies have been essential 'gatekeepers' defining the 'agenda' of mass media and, thus, practically the entire world. Additionally, news agencies represent a pillar of national identity, similar to the national bank, the army, or the post office; they symbolise statehood. Countries that were liberated in waves of anti-colonial struggles, immediately before or shortly after gaining independence, started their own national news agencies, representing one of the symbols of their independence. The Srna is the first and only news agency in the Republic of Srpska, and one of the leading agencies in Bosnia and Herzegovina, servicing a large number of mass media with its content. Since its inception, the Srna news agency has performed its informative role, maintaining a developed network of correspondents in the country, as well as in all major centers in Europe and around the world. The Srna also keeps pace with modern technological challenges; since its inception, it has offered photo and phono services, and since 2016, it has also provided video services, making it one of the most advanced modern news agencies. It can be said that the Srna has been essentially a witness, but also a participant, in all major socio-political, cultural, and historical events in the Republic of Srpska. However, the agency not only mediates information and news but also, in times of crisis, contributes to a kind of social homogenisation. As part of international communication highways, this agency represents an important agent of international communication. The inclusion of Srna in international communication highways, through which all major news in the world travels, has been an important part of a kind of international and political affirmation of the Republic of Srpska. Therefore, it can be said that the Srna news agency was actually created based on two primary goals: first, to inform domestic media and the public about the most significant local and global events, and secondly, to inform the world about events in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republic of Srpska. Finally, the Srna was one of the main drivers of cultural life in the Republic of Srpska in the early nineties of the 20th century. As an important media company, an agent of international communication, and an important initiator of cultural life, among other things, this enterprise was the initiator of the establishment of cultural institutions (Srna film, Srna fest), a sponsor of various cultural events (Monodrama Festival of the Republic of Srpska), and it appeared as a publisher of books by domestic writers.

2030, 2040 what should we expect?

With the communication highways, information begins, little by little, to escape from the traditional centers of political, military, business or even religious power. In society, which believes that it is gradually freeing itself from these powers, doubts are beginning to settle in, a number of questions arise, a new breed of commentators, You tubers, interpreters and preachers in all fields appear of social life that try to draw you into their context, their culture or their fashion. Moreover, the globalization of exchanges, relations, means of “transportation”, financial networks and marketing calls into question, implicitly and slyly, the concepts of State, Nation, Community, the very belonging of the ‘Individual to a “group”, as part of a united Whole. The citizen is becoming more and more an individual connected to his telephone and isolated from the rest. But with the decrease in resources and the increase in constraints of all kinds, society is wondering about its future, its future, it’s very present, the malaise it is going through. She wonders about the modes of governance that are imposed on her, about the many problems she faces daily and the solutions that we cannot offer her. She looks elsewhere and compares, compares herself to other societies and begins to dream, to hope and, very quickly, to express her anger. The inequalities between North and South, between rich and poor as well as between technologically advanced countries and the others which are struggling to follow, are increasing inexorably and will lead to conflicts, famines and wars of a completely different nature: the war for land arable, the war for increasingly scarce water, the war for influence, the war for space conquest, the war for the appropriation of the seabed and polar lands. This article is based on the realization of a GIS; it attempts to ask relevant questions for future decades for which certain results lead us to question the relationships, inequalities and influences of each other. He will not answer all these questions; but he will have the advantage of having asked them.

Social changes, changes in spaces: what management strategy for cities;the case of the city of Laghouat(Algeria)

With the communication highways, information begins, little by little, to escape from the traditional centers of political, military, business or even religious power. In society, which believes that it is gradually freeing itself from these powers, doubt is beginning to settle in, a number of questions arise, a new breed of commentators, youtubers, influencers, interpreters and preachers in all areas of social life that try to draw you into their context, their culture or their fashion. Moreover, the globalization of exchanges, relations, transportation tools, financial networks and marketing calls into question, implicitly and slyly, the concepts of State, Nation, Community, the very belonging of the 'Individual to a “group”, as part of a united Whole. The citizen is becoming more and more an individual connected to his telephone and isolated from the rest. But with the decrease in resources and the increase in constraints of all kinds, the people wonder about their past, their future, their present; the malaise it is going through. She wonders about the modes of governance that are imposed on her, about the many problems she faces daily and the solutions that we cannot offer her. She looks elsewhere and compares, compares herself to other societies and begins to dream, to hope and, very quickly, to express her anger. The viable geographical space which is shrinking from year to year, the anarchic and how rapid expansion of agglomerations, the resources which are running out are all sources of additional concern for societies which are looking for themselves and no longer find themselves in an organizational system they no longer understand, tossed as they are between a protective past, a tempting present and an elusive future. This article attempts, for the city of Laghouat, to identify the difficulties to be overcome for a new management of spaces and for societal education. He then proposes the implementation of a management strategy based on the creation of a complete database on the physical spaces, the infrastructures, the networks (including the urban transport networks) as well as the services involved in the day-to-day management of the city.

Conflicts and appropriation of spaces by 2030

With the communication highways, information begins, little by little, to escape from the traditional centers of political, military, business or even religious power. In society, which believes that it is gradually freeing itself from these powers, doubts are beginning to settle in, a number of questions arise, a new breed of commentators, YouTubers, interpreters and preachers in all fields appear of social life that try to draw you into their context, their culture or their fashion. Moreover, the globalization of exchanges, relations, means of "transportation", financial networks and marketing calls into question, implicitly and slyly, the concepts of State, Nation, Community, the very belonging of the 'Individual to a “group”, as part of a united Whole. The citizen is becoming more and more an individual connected to his telephone and isolated from the rest. But with the decrease in resources and the increase in constraints of all kinds, society is wondering about its future, its future, it’s very present, the malaise it is going through. She wonders about the modes of governance that are imposed on her, about the many problems she faces daily and the solutions that we cannot offer her. She looks elsewhere and compares, compares herself to other societies and begins to dream, to hope and, very quickly, to express her anger. The inequalities between North and South, between rich and poor as well as between technologically advanced countries and the others which are struggling to follow, are increasing inexorably and will lead to conflicts, famines and wars of a completely different nature: the war for land arable, the war for increasingly scarce water, the war for influence, the war for space conquest, the war for the appropriation of the seabed and polar lands. This article is based on the realization of a GIS; it attempts to ask relevant questions for future decades for which certain results lead us to question the relationships, inequalities and influences of each other. He will not answer all these questions; but he will have the advantage of having asked them.

Structure and Immune Function of Afferent Lymphatics and Their Mechanistic Contribution to Dendritic Cell and T Cell Trafficking.

Afferent lymphatic vessels (LVs) mediate the transport of antigen and leukocytes to draining lymph nodes (dLNs), thereby serving as immunologic communication highways between peripheral tissues and LNs. The main cell types migrating via this route are antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DCs) and antigen-experienced T cells. While DC migration is important for maintenance of tolerance and for induction of protective immunity, T cell migration through afferent LVs contributes to immune surveillance. In recent years, great progress has been made in elucidating the mechanisms of lymphatic migration. Specifically, time-lapse imaging has revealed that, upon entry into capillaries, both DCs and T cells are not simply flushed away with the lymph flow, but actively crawl and patrol and even interact with each other in this compartment. Detachment and passive transport to the dLN only takes place once the cells have reached the downstream, contracting collecting vessel segments. In this review, we describe how the anatomy of the lymphatic network supports leukocyte trafficking and provide updated knowledge regarding the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for lymphatic migration of DCs and T cells. In addition, we discuss the relevance of DC and T cell migration through afferent LVs and its presumed implications on immunity.

Cloud controlled USV over 5G network infrastructures

The communication devices can transport information from data controller to a longdistance central communication point. Industry 4.0 advances the concept of mobile devices that must be controlled and monitored from long distance. This paper represents a common effort to adapt the new ITC expectations and possibilities for existing equipment. This work proposes a highway communication infrastructure which ensures communication between mobile devices and fixed 5G networks infrastructure. The solution given addresses to the control and monitoring of an USV (unnamed surface vehicle) from Cloud, using IoT services. The scope is to reliably connect the USV real-time communication through IoT services, over 5G Mobile network solution. All data are to be send in Cloud, where will be installed the USV monitoring and control application, detailed by its modules, components and their role.

Job Opening for Nucleosome Mechanic: Flexibility Required.

The nucleus has been studied for well over 100 years, and chromatin has been the intense focus of experiments for decades. In this review, we focus on an understudied aspect of chromatin biology, namely the chromatin fiber polymer’s mechanical properties. In recent years, innovative work deploying interdisciplinary approaches including computational modeling, in vitro manipulations of purified and native chromatin have resulted in deep mechanistic insights into how the mechanics of chromatin might contribute to its function. The picture that emerges is one of a nucleus that is shaped as much by external forces pressing down upon it, as internal forces pushing outwards from the chromatin. These properties may have evolved to afford the cell a dynamic and reversible force-induced communication highway which allows rapid coordination between external cues and internal genomic function.

A Theoretical Framework for Characterizing Downlink Performance of Millimeter-Wave Networks for Highway Vehicular Communication

Associated and self-determining vehicles will play a significant job in upcoming Smart Transportation. what're more, brilliant urban areas, as a rule. High_speed and low_latency remote correspondence connections will enable regions to caution vehicles against security risks, and additionally, bolster cloud_driving arrangements to radically diminish roads turned parking_lots and air trash. To accomplish these objectives, vehicles should be outfitted by an extensive scope of devices creating and switching extreme rate information flows. As of late, millimetre wave (mm-Wave) methods have been offered as a method for satisfying such necessities. In_this_paper, we show a_highway network besides describing its key connection spending measurements. Specifically, we particularly think about a system in which vehicles_are assisted by mm-Wave Base_Stations installed beside the road. To evaluate our road_way, arrange, we build up another hypothetical model that represents a run of the mill situation where overwhelming vehicles, (for example, transports and lorries) in moderate paths impede Line_of-Sight_(LOS) ways of vehicles which are in fast tracks and, thus, perform as jams. Utilizing instruments from stochastic_geometry, we estimate for the_Signal-to-Interference-plus_Noise Ratio_(SINR) outage_probability, and in addition, the likelihood which a user accomplishes an objective correspondence (rate_coverage probability). Our examination gives new structure bits of knowledge to mm-Wave highway communication networks. In thought about highway situations, we demonstrate that lessening the flat beam width from 90 degrees to 30 degrees decides a negligible decrease in the SINR outage probability. Additionally, not at all like bi-dimensional mm-Wave cell systems, for little BS densities. it is as yet conceivable to accomplish an SINR outage_probability littler.

Modeling and Design of Millimeter-Wave Networks for Highway Vehicular Communication

Connected and autonomous vehicles will play a pivotal role in future intelligent transportation systems and smart cities, in general. High-speed and low-latency wireless communication links will allow municipalities to warn vehicles against safety hazards, as well as support cloud-driving solutions to drastically reduce traffic jams and air pollution. To achieve these goals, vehicles need to be equipped with a wide range of sensors generating and exchanging high rate data streams. Recently, millimeter wave (mmWave) techniques have been introduced as a means of fulfilling such high data rate requirements. In this paper, we model a highway communication network and characterize its fundamental link budget metrics. In particular, we specifically consider a network where vehicles are served by mmWave base stations (BSs) deployed alongside the road. To evaluate our highway network, we develop a new theoretical model that accounts for a typical scenario where heavy vehicles (such as buses and lorries) in slow lanes obstruct line-of-sight (LOS) paths of vehicles in fast lanes and, hence, act as blockages. Using tools from stochastic geometry, we derive approximations for the signal-to-interference-plus-noise Ratio (SINR) outage probability, as well as the probability that a user achieves a target communication rate (rate coverage probability). Our analysis provides new design insights for mmWave highway communication networks. In considered highway scenarios, we show that reducing the horizontal beamwidth from $90^\circ$ to $30^\circ$ determines a minimal reduction in the SINR outage probability (namely $4 \cdot 10^{-2}$ at maximum). Also, unlike bidimensional mmWave cellular networks, for small BS densities (namely one BS every $500\,\text{m}$ ) it is still possible to achieve an SINR outage probability smaller than 0.2.

Summer Reads

WORLDLIT.ORG 77 We’re standing up for Turtle Island and the waters, we’re standing up for the future we refuse to gamble away as if it doesn’t matter, as if it should be someone else’s story, someone else’s problem. We may not be Skins in Space but we invented Science Fiction—the awareness that almighty science divorced from wisdom is a reckless beast. The dominant society made a fiction of our science though their breakthroughs are leading them back to what we knew all along, what we tried to tell them in the very beginning. They’ve been educating us for years, for several lost generations, but we’re up-ending that one-sided desk, that one-sided conversation that can only tell stories in a single direction. Don’t tell us we’re finding our voices in some new academic-artistic renaissance you can study at conferences or exploit in pages on Amazon.com—we’ve been speaking all along as poets and rappers, counselors and prophets, healers and politicians. The problem was, no one was listening to our parents and grandparents, and for certain not our great-grandparents who were too busy facing down guns to hand over their dissertation. You may not want to listen now, but that’s okay, we’ve learned your language and can ride our ponies through communication highways that cross reservation lines. Our ancestors never gave up and they’re singing us awake. We’re inside and outside, listening and speaking, standing up and dancing, connecting and reaching—we’ve got a world to save, yours as well as ours. Saint Paul, Minnesota There are three recent books from the University of Oklahoma Press that I know would make great summer reading. My own Mestizos Come Home! Making and Claiming Mexican American Identity deals with current social and cultural issues essential for understanding the Latino community and what they are working through during this difficult time. A. Gabriel Meléndez’s The Book of Archives and Other Stories from the Mora Valley, New Mexico is a haunting collection of stories that takes readers into a vibrant and magical community in New Mexico that they otherwise would never know about. Alfredo Véa’s The Mexican Flyboy is one of the most notable novels of the recent era, a book with the combined appeal of Roberto Bolaño, Rudolfo Anaya, and Thomas Pynchon. – RC DavisUndiano , Executive Director Robert Con Davis-Undiano Mestizos Come Home! Making and Claiming Mexican American Identity This book tries to demonstrate already-existing cultural connections between the US and large patterns of historical development evident throughout Latin America. It focuses on six ways that Mexican Americans and Latinos have changed mainstream American culture since the 1960s, ultimately arguing that US mainstream culture needs to stop making Latinos the “enemy” and that Mexican Americans and Latinos need to take the final steps toward full assimilation through political involvement and greater success in education. A. Gabriel Meléndez The Book of Archives and Other Stories from the Mora Valley, New Mexico This beautiful book works with the actual history of the Mora Valley in New Mexico and weaves a large southwestern cultural fabric that many mainstream readers will know little about. Mora is a small village in which people still speak Spanish and English as two primary languages and celebrate their ties to traditional lands that house aspects of themselves, their families, and their pasts. This book’s treatment of the Book of Archives, a literal and figurative connection to tradition and the past in New Mexico, is a tour de force. Alfredo Véa The Mexican Flyboy This is one of the most impressive books to appear in English in recent years. Véa’s previous three novels— La Maravilla (1993), The Silver Cloud Café (1996), and Gods Go Begging (1999)—are known to followers of high-quality experimental fiction. This new novel—about Simon Vega’s use of a time machine to wander through history to save people who died unjust, tragic deaths—will bring Véa into a new circle of importance among contemporary novelists. We’re standing up for Turtle Island and...

The Impact of Hybrid Data Fusion Based on Probabilistic Detection Identification Model for Intelligent Rail Communication Highway

The Impact of Hybrid Data Fusion Based on Probabilistic Detection Identification Model for Intelligent Rail Communication Highway

Exosome Drug Start-Up Launched

Looking to exploit a natural cellular communication highway, a new company, Codiak BioSciences, has launched with $80 million in venture capital funding to develop exosome-based drugs and diagnosti...

New clustering algorithms for vehicular ad-hoc network in a highway communication environment

A vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is a network in which vehicles acting as dynamic nodes communicate with each other. A VANET is a suitable piece of infrastructure for developing intelligent trans...

Analysis and Design of Highway Transmission System Based on .NET Framework

This paper analyzes the present highway situation of remote areas in Inner Mongolia that traditional charge cannot meet the demand. According to the advanced communication technologies of highway and the data transmission requirement for highway communication system, we introduced a method of data transfer based on .NET Framework. The results show that adopting VB.NET and SQL Server 2005, the data of wireless transmission between toll station and sub-center security has been obtained, and the stability of the system has been analyzed.

Reliability Model of Motorway Emergency Communication System

The paper presents some issues related to reliability model of a motorway telematics systems, in particular emergency communication system. Optical system architecture was presented and functions of the various subsystems, too. Analyzing the functional structure and method for transmitting information in a highway emergency communications system a method to calculate the reliability of the system was proposed. To assess the reliability of the emergency communication system, as a system repairable, availability index was also proposed.

Exploring the role of lipids in intercellular conduits: breakthroughs in the pipeline

It has been known for more than a century that most of the plant cells are connected to their neighbors through membranous pores perforating the cell wall, namely plasmodesmata (PDs). The recent discovery of tunneling nanotubes (TNTs), thin membrane bridges established between distant mammalian cells, suggests that intercellular communication mediated through cytoplasmic continuity could be a conserved feature of eukaryotic organisms. Although TNTs differ from PDs in their formation and architecture, both are characterized by a continuity of the plasma membrane between two cells, delimiting a nanotubular channel supported by actin-based cytoskeleton. Due to this unusual membrane organization, lipids are likely to play critical roles in the formation and stability of intercellular conduits like TNTs and PDs, but also in regulating the transfer through these structures. While it is crucial for a better understanding of those fascinating communication highways, the study of TNT lipid composition and dynamics turned out to be extremely challenging. The present review aims to give an overview of the recent findings in this context. We will also discuss some of the promising imaging approaches, which might be the key for future breakthroughs in the field and could also benefit the research on PDs.

An Overview on High Performance Issues of Parallel Architectures

In recent years, as microprocessors have become cheaper and the technology for interconnecting them has improved, it has become both possible and practical to build general-purpose parallel computers containing a very large number of processors. Processors in a parallel computer need to communicate in order to solve a problem. Therefore, there is a need for some kind of communication highway or interconnection network, i.e. the processors to be connected in some pattern. Performance in multiprocessor systems is highly dependent on communication processes between processors and memory, I/O devices, and other processors. Therefore, choosing the right interconnection network is important for efficiency reasons. In the present work the issues of High Performance in parallel computing to achieve parallel architecture at level of hardware and software has been studied.

Discussion on Construction of Control System of Environmental Risk Source for Expressway Transportation Accidents of Dangerous Chemicals in Water Environmental Sensitive Areas

Based on the analysis of the environmental risk characteristics of freeway dangerous chemicals transportation accidents, the environmental risk source control system, which combined the initiative prevention system and passive protection system, are proposed, and the relative subsystems are also elaborated in this article. The risk sources information transfer subsystem is composed by the security regulation platform of regional dangerous goods transportation and highway monitoring and communication system, and the function of the subsystem is transferring the public information between the highway and regional dangerous goods transportation security supervisory. Environmental risk sources prevention subsystem is comprised by the main engineering structures and traffic safety facilities, and the services of environmental accident risk defending platform, which composed by the runoff gathering facilities and reservoir.