Communication Failures Research Articles

Assessment of the quality of interdisciplinary communication (CritCom): evaluation and refinement of a center summary report.

Communication failures among clinicians in the ICU (intensive care unit) often lead to worse patient outcomes. CritCom is a bilingual (English and Spanish) tool to evaluate the quality of interdisciplinary communication around patient deterioration for pediatric oncology patients. The use of reports, such as the CritCom report, as dissemination methods lead to quicker knowledge translation and implementation of research findings into policy. Nurses and physicians at participating centers who care for patients at risk of deterioration completed the CritCom survey and center-specific reports were generated to communicate CritCom results. Focus groups were conducted with clinicians receiving CritCom reports in both English and Spanish to evaluate report clarity and usability. Participants found the reports to be useful and described the writing and design as clear and specific. Participants provided feedback to improve report design and requested actionable steps to improve communication at their center. Feedback illustrated that the report was easy to interpret and a useful way to disseminate information. Participants noted the utility of the report, illustrating that the use of reports can be a useful method to disseminate research findings back to participants in a way that is applicable to the local context. Communicating research findings through reports can minimize the significant time lag in knowledge translation and provide participants with actionable steps to implement in their setting.

Backward neural network (BNN) based multilevel control for enhancing the quality of an islanded RES DC microgrid under variable communication network

Microgrids (MGs) and energy communities have been widely implemented, leading to the participation of multiple stakeholders in distribution networks. Insufficient information infrastructure, particularly in rural distribution networks, is leading to a growing number of operational blind areas in distribution networks. An optimization challenge is addressed in multi-feeder microgrid systems to handle load sharing and voltage management by implementing a backward neural network (BNN) as a robust control approach. The control technique consists of a neural network that optimizes the control strategy to calculate the operating directions for each distributed generating point. Neural networks improve control during communication connectivity issues to ensure the computation of operational directions. Traditional control of DC microgrids is susceptible to communication link delays. The proposed BNN technique can be expanded to encompass the entire multi-feeder network for precise load distribution and voltage management. The BNN results are achieved through mathematical analysis of different load conditions and uncertain line characteristics in a radial network of a multi-feeder microgrid, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The proposed BNN technique is more effective than conventional control in accurately distributing the load and regulating the feeder voltage, especially during communication failure.

5G-enabled UAVs for energy-efficient opportunistic networking

The article explores the potential of 5G-enabled Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in establishing opportunistic networks to improve network resource management, reduce energy use, and boost operational efficiency. The proposed framework utilizes 5G-enabled drones and edge command and control software to provide energy-efficient network topologies. As a result, UAVs operate edge computing for efficient data collecting and processing. This invention enhances network performance using modern Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms to improve UAV networking capabilities while conserving energy.An empirical investigation shows a significant improvement in network performance measures when using 5G technology compared to older 2.4 GHz systems. The communication failure rate decreased by 50 %, from 12 % to 6 %. The round-trip time was lowered by 58.3 %, from 120 Ms to 50 Ms. The payload efficiency improved by 13.3 %, dropping from 15 % to 13 %. The data transmission rate increased significantly from 1 Gbps to 5 Gbps, representing a 400 % boost. The numerical findings highlight the significant impact that 5G technology may have on UAV operations.Testing on a 5G-enabled UAV confirms the effectiveness of our technique in several domains, including precision agriculture, disaster response, and environmental monitoring. The solution seriously improves UAV network performance by reducing energy consumption and using peripheral network command-and-control software. Our results emphasize the versatile networking capacities of 5G-enabled drones, which provide new opportunities for UAV applications.

Collecting pieces for the 'puzzle': Nurses' intraprofessional collaboration in the hospital-to-home transition of older patients.

Communication is a key factor in intraprofessional collaboration between hospital nurses and homecare nurses in hospital-to-home transitions of older patients with complex care needs. Gaining knowledge of the nature of cross-sectoral communication is crucial for understanding how nurses collaborate to ensure a seamless patient trajectory. This study explores how cross-sectoral electronic health records communication influences collaboration between hospital nurses and homecare nurses when discharging older patients with complex care needs. The study is based on qualitative group interviews with six hospital nurses and 14 homecare nurses working at different hospitals and municipalities across Denmark. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis, as described by Braun and Clark. The themes Collecting pieces for the 'puzzle': Losing the holistic picture of the patient; Working blindfolded: limited provision of and access to critical information; and Bypassing the 'invisible wall': dialogue supports cohesion illustrate the impact of organisational structures within electronic health records have on hospital nurses' and homecare nurses' intraprofessional collaboration across sectors. Challenges with predefined and word-limited elements in digital communication, and inadequate and limited access to significant medical information were identified. To compensate for the inadequacy of the electronic health records, direct contact and dialogue were emphasised as ways of fostering successful collaboration and overcoming the barriers created by electronic health records. Despite hospital nurses' and homecare nurses' desire to conduct holistic patient assessments, their ability to collaborate was hindered by failures in electronic health record communication resulting from restrictive organisational structures across sectors. Thus, it became necessary for hospital nurses and homecare nurses to bypass the electronic health record system and engage in dialogue to provide holistic care when discharging older patients with complex care needs. However, by hospital nurses and homecare nurses compensating for counter-productive organisational structures, problems brought about by the electronic health record system paradoxically remain invisible.

A Modular Communicative Leadless Pacing–Defibrillator System

BackgroundThe subcutaneous implantable cardioverter–defibrillator (ICD) is associated with fewer lead-related complications than a transvenous ICD; however, the subcutaneous ICD cannot provide bradycardia and antitachycardia pacing. Whether a modular pacing–defibrillator system comprising a leadless pacemaker in wireless communication with a subcutaneous ICD to provide antitachycardia and bradycardia pacing is safe remains unknown.MethodsWe conducted a multinational, single-group study that enrolled patients at risk for sudden death from ventricular arrhythmias and followed them for 6 months after implantation of a modular pacemaker–defibrillator system. The safety end point was freedom from leadless pacemaker–related major complications, evaluated against a performance goal of 86%. The two primary performance end points were successful communication between the pacemaker and the ICD (performance goal, 88%) and a pacing threshold of up to 2.0 V at a 0.4-msec pulse width (performance goal, 80%).ResultsWe enrolled 293 patients, 162 of whom were in the 6-month end-point cohort and 151 of whom completed the 6-month follow-up period. The mean age of the patients was 60 years, 16.7% were women, and the mean (±SD) left ventricular ejection fraction was 33.1±12.6%. The percentage of patients who were free from leadless pacemaker–related major complications was 97.5%, which exceeded the prespecified performance goal. Wireless-device communication was successful in 98.8% of communication tests, which exceeded the prespecified goal. Of 151 patients, 147 (97.4%) had pacing thresholds of 2.0 V or less, which exceeded the prespecified goal. The percentage of episodes of arrhythmia that were successfully terminated by antitachycardia pacing was 61.3%, and there were no episodes for which antitachycardia pacing was not delivered owing to communication failure. Of 162 patients, 8 died (4.9%); none of the deaths were deemed to be related to arrhythmias or the implantation procedure.ConclusionsThe leadless pacemaker in wireless communication with a subcutaneous ICD exceeded performance goals for freedom from major complications related to the leadless pacemaker, for communication between the leadless pacemaker and subcutaneous ICD, and for the percentage of patients with a pacing threshold up to 2.0 V at a 0.4-msec pulse width at 6 months. (Funded by Boston Scientific; MODULAR ATP ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04798768.)

WHEN CLINICAL FINDINGS TAKE YOU DOWN THE WRONG PATH: PERSISTENT FEVER IN A PATIENT WITH PREVIOUS CARDIAC SURGERY

Abstract Introduction In a patient who underwent previous cardiac surgery, persistent fever may be related to endocarditis. Symptoms and cardiovascular imaging, such as echocardiogram and PET/CT, may guide clinicians and surgeons to the correct diagnosis. Discussion A 43–years–old man came to our attention because of persistent fever (lasting several months) associated with cough and asthenia. When he was 5 years old, he underwent cardiac surgery for partial atrioventricular canal defect (atrial septal defect was about 4 cm) and mitral valve cleft. 14 years ago he undertook chemotherapy due to Hodgkin‘s lymphoma. Recently a cerebral artery aneurysm, radiologically defined as mycotic but proved to be fusiform, was diagnosed and treated with neurosurgery. During a recent hospitalization, blood culture positive for Streptococcus Mitis and brachial rash were reported and antibiotic therapy was started. Suspecting endocarditis, he was referred to our department. Echocardiogram revealed anterior mitral leaflet fissure, resulting in severe mitral regurgitation. Moreover a periannular cavity of doubtful interpretation (seemingly an abscess) was described. Subsequent 18FDG–PET/CT did not detect any abnormal cardiac metabolic activity. Due to severe valve regurgitation, cardiac surgery was performed: myxomatous degenerative mitral valve leaflets, failure of mitral valve cleft closure and anomalous coronary sinus communication to the left atrium (mimicking echocardiogram findings of suspected empty abscess cavity) were observed. Thus mitral valve replacement using a biological valve prosthesis was performed. Macroscopically there was no evidence of endocarditis, confirming PET/CT scan results. During the post–surgery period, third–degree atrioventricular block episodes were noted. Therefore a bicameral pacemaker was implanted. Conclusions This case report demonstrates the importance of not stopping at the first impression, as failure of previous mitral valve repair in a patient presented with persistent fever can mimic endocarditis. Therefore, the results of diagnostic tests should be compared to patients’ medical history and their clinical presentation.

A distributed algorithm with network‐independent step‐size and event‐triggered mechanism for economic dispatch problem

AbstractThe economic dispatch problem (EDP) poses a significant challenge in energy management for modern power systems, particularly as these systems undergo expansion. This growth escalates the demand for communication resources and increases the risk of communication failures. To address this challenge, we propose a distributed algorithm with network‐independent step sizes and an event‐triggered mechanism, which reduces communication requirements and enhances adaptability. Unlike traditional methods, our algorithm uses network‐independent step sizes derived from each agent's local cost functions, thus eliminating the need for detailed network topology knowledge. The theoretical derivation identifies a range of step size values that depend solely on the objective function's strong convexity and the gradient's Lipschitz continuity. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm is shown to achieve a linear convergence rate, assuming the event triggering threshold criteria are met for linear convergence. Numerical experiments further validate the effectiveness and advantages of our proposed distributed algorithm by demonstrating its ability to maintain good convergence characteristics while reducing communication frequency.

Learning from Mistakes: A Thematic Analysis of Flight 401's Situational Awareness Lapses

Situational awareness is a fundamental pillar in aviation, essential for safety, operational efficiency, and crew training. This study focuses on the tragedy of Eastern Airlines Flight 401 as a case study to illustrate the importance of effective communication and Crew Resource Management (CRM) in preventing accidents. Through thematic analysis, the research reveals how pilot distractions, cockpit instrument malfunctions, and communication failures in critical conditions contributed to the accident. The findings indicate that comprehensive training that integrally incorporates technological aspects and human factors, as well as an emphasis on effective CRM, is crucial. Practical implications of this research include the development of training modules aimed at enhancing interactive and collaborative communication among crew members. The study also recommends future research focus on aviation technology, air traffic control dynamics, and human-machine interactions, with the goal of deepening understanding of situational awareness dynamics and advancing aviation safety practices. These findings are expected to make a significant contribution to the literature on situational awareness and aviation safety practices.

Hedging as one of Negative Politeness Strategies in German Languaculture

The article deals with the problem of negative politeness and corresponding politeness strategies in German languaculture on the basis of modern fiction and also elaborates on the analysis of linguistic means of implementation of a negative politeness strategy known as hedging.Purpose of research: study of communicative situations in which a threat to the negative face of one of the speakers is present, and a review of politeness strategies that are used in such cases. The negative face means the desire of an interlocutor not to be bothered by others during communication (as an example, a request, an order or advice can damage the negative face of the addressee). Special attention is given to hedging as one of the most commonly used negative politeness strategy.Methods: the practical part of the research is based on a linguacultural analysis of the material.Results: using the analyzed materials we discover language (including grammatical, lexical and phonetical ones) tools and mechanisms that are used to perform such strategies in a speech act and also reasons to use hedges in communication and their functions in it.Conclusion: based on the theoretical, practical materials and the results that have been found in the course of the research we can state the importance of mastering (among all the linguacultural features being one of the key components of acquiring any foreign language on a par with grammar, vocabulary, phonetics etc.) the complex and frequently used for a lot of different communicative purposes phenomena known as hedging – one of the negative politeness strategies, that has quite a unique ways of usage depending on languaculture in question, and thus requiring a more deep and thorough studying in each particular case. The relevance of research of that particular element in the system of negative politeness strategies is due to the fact that while acquiring languages of western Europe (German, English and others – that means languages of cultures of an individualistic type) – an incorrect knowledge of hedging mechanisms can be the cause of problems and failures in communication, because in such cultures that element of communicative politeness has quite an important role (more important that in cultures of collectivist type – i.e. the Russian one and others).

Underwater Multi-Channel MAC with Cognitive Acoustics for Distributed Underwater Acoustic Networks.

The advancement of underwater cognitive acoustic network (UCAN) technology aims to improve spectral efficiency and ensure coexistence with the underwater ecosystem. As the demand for short-term underwater applications operated under distributed topologies, like autonomous underwater vehicle cluster operations, continues to grow, this paper presents Underwater Multi-channel Medium Access Control with Cognitive Acoustics (UMMAC-CA) as a suitable channel access protocol for distributed UCANs. UMMAC-CA operates on a per-frame basis, similar to the Multi-channel Medium Access Control with Cognitive Radios (MMAC-CR) designed for distributed cognitive radio networks, but with notable differences. It employs a pre-determined data transmission matrix to allow all nodes to access the channel without contention, thus reducing the channel access overhead. In addition, to mitigate the communication failures caused by randomly occurring interferers, UMMAC-CA allocates at least 50% of frame time for interferer sensing. This is possible because of the fixed data transmission scheduling, which allows other nodes to sense for interferers simultaneously while a specific node is transmitting data. Simulation results demonstrate that UMMAC-CA outperforms MMAC-CR across various metrics, including those of the sensing time rate, controlling time rate, and throughput. In addition, except for in the case where the data transmission time coefficient equals 1, the message overhead performance of UMMAC-CA is also superior to that of MMAC-CR. These results underscore the suitability of UMMAC-CA for use in challenging underwater applications requiring multi-channel cognitive communication within a distributed network architecture.

Möglichkeitsentwürfe und Medieninszenierung als Poetologien in Philipp von Zesens Die Adriatische Rosemund (1645)

Abstract Philipp von Zesen published an extraordinary novel in 1645 regarding several aspects: it neither follows a single common pattern of the literary tradition nor does it contain a solution to the narrated conflict – both unusual for the novel production of the time. According to my hypothesis, the intermedial structures show the success or failure of communication, the love plot and love subjects in cultural history in general, whereby the way a novel should be linguistically organised is always dealt with. Communication and the act of love are explicitly used to negotiate art-theoretical and medial considerations. The room for manoeuvre of the fictional form allows the lovers to delay decisions and at the same time act in a way that is conventional for the genre. This procedure can be observed in all the affordances created by medially created inserts.

Evaluation of data imputation approaches for multi-stream building systems data1

Increasing advancements in building digitization, smart sensing, and metering technologies have allowed large amounts of timeseries data to be collected for monitoring, analyzing, and controlling building systems. However, due to sensor or communication failures, the data collected are often incomplete and poor in quality. Data imputation approaches to replace the missing values, specifically based on either statistical or predictive models have been widely adopted for multivariate datasets in other domains. It is hence of interest to find an effective way to impute timeseries data collected from a building system. In this paper, we evaluate multiple data imputation approaches using data collected from a medium sized building situated in Stockholm, Sweden and a small commercial building from the ASHRAE RP-1312 research project. Sensors with widely varying characteristics from the case study buildings were selected to evaluate the imputation methods. The imputation accuracy and the impact of each chosen imputation method on information entropy, short-term building forecasting model performance, and fault detection strategy were evaluated. Results demonstrate that incorporating time-lagged cross correlations within a k -nearest neighbor ( k NN) model provide the most accurate imputations without affecting the quality of subsequent data analysis.

Impact of a Daily Huddle on Safety in Perioperative Services

Communication failures contribute to quality gaps and may lead to serious safety events (SSEs) in the operating room (OR). Our perioperative services team experienced an increased rate of SSEs in 2020. Event analysis revealed clustered causes: communication failures and lack of timely information to prepare for cases. Consequently, the team implemented a daily morning OR safety huddle conducted before bringing patients into the OR to reduce quality gaps and improve communication. The attending surgeon and anesthesiologist, circulating nurse, and scrub staff are required to be present. Cases are discussed using a standard format designed by the OR team with built-in time for questions and clarifications. The surgeon initiates the huddle; the circulating nurse leads and records the discussion. OR leadership initially performed daily audits but gradually reduced them when huddles became standard operating procedure (SOP). SSEs were recorded from December 2015 to September 2020 preintervention and October 2020 to July 2023 postintervention. Following the implementation of huddles, there were no SSEs for more than 900 days (2.0 SSEs/year preintervention vs. 0.0 SSEs/year postintervention). The first SSE during the postintervention period occurred in March 2023. Huddle compliance was consistently > 95%. No delays were observed in first-case on-time starts postintervention. The huddle is now SOP for all general OR teams and interventional radiology. Implementing the morning safety huddle contributed to a reduction in the rate of SSEs without introducing delays to first-case start-times.

Quality Improvement Identifies Healthcare Transition Disparities in Adolescents with Congenital Heart Disease and Disabilities.

We aim to implement healthcare transition (HCT) education for youth with congenital heart disease (CHD) and assess HCT preparedness for cardiac self-care. An HCT clinic was implemented at an academic pediatric cardiology clinic for CHD youth 17 years of age and older. An educator used transition readiness assessment questionnaires and discussed HCT material. The percentage of eligible youth who received HCT education and the cause for missed occurrences were tracked. Plan-do-study-act cycles began in August 2020 to improve the number of youths reached. Secondary analyses assessed improvement differences among those without cardiac procedures or disabilities. HCT education provision improved from a mean of 38% to 73% in the 17-year and older age group by December 2022. Communication failure was the leading cause of missed visits in 2021 (30%), reduced to 0 by 2022 following plan-do-study-act cycles. Other missed HCT visits included clinic add-ons after screening, limited staff availability, and unidentified eligibility. Readiness assessments were similar for youth with and without prior cardiac procedures, for example, confidence in taking charge of their health care (P = 0.47) and moving to adult care (P = 0.22). Adolescents with disabilities were significantly less confident than those without disabilities in taking charge of their heart health care (6.3 versus 7.5, P = 0.04) and moving to adult care (4.9 versus 7.4, P < 0.001). Implementation of a CHD HCT clinic improved successful education delivery. Provider engagement and clinic staffing are important for sustainability. HCT knowledge gaps exist for all adolescents, yet those with disabilities had the greatest deficits.

"Black Women Should Not Die Giving Life": The lived experiences of Black women diagnosed with severe maternal morbidity in the United States.

We sought to understand the lived experiences of Black women diagnosed with severe maternal morbidity (SMM) in communities with high maternal mortality to inform practices that reduce obstetric racism and improve patient outcomes. From August 2022 through December 2022, we conducted a phenomenological, qualitative study among Black women who experienced SMM. Participants were recruited via social media and met inclusion criteria if they self-identified as Black cisgender women, were 18-40 years old, had SMM diagnosed, and lived within zip codes in the United States that have the top-five highest maternal mortality rates. Family members participated on behalf of women who were deceased but otherwise met all other criteria. We conducted in-depth interviews (IDIs), and transcripts were analyzed using inductive and deductive methods to explore birth story experiences. Overall, 12 participants completed IDIs; 10 were women who experienced SMM and 2 were mothers of women who died due to SMM. The mean age for women who experienced SMM was 31 years (range 26-36 years) at the time of the IDI or death. Most participants had graduate-level education, and the average annual household income was 123,750 USD. Women were especially interested in study participation because of their high-income status as they did not fit the stereotypical profile of Black women who experience racial discrimination. The average time since SMM diagnosis was 2 years. Participants highlighted concrete examples of communication failures, stereotyping by providers, differential treatment, and medical errors which patients experienced as manifestations of racism. Medical personnel dismissing and ignoring concerns during emergent situations, even when raised through strong self-advocacy, was a key factor in racism experienced during childbirth. Future interventions to reduce racism and improve maternal health outcomes should center on the experiences of Black women and focus on improving patient-provider communication, as well as the quality and effectiveness of responses during emergent situations. Précis statement: This study underscores the need to center Black women's experiences, enhance patient-provider communication, and address emergent concerns to mitigate obstetric racism and enhance maternal health outcomes.

An inertial control method for large-scale wind farm based on hierarchical distributed hybrid deep-reinforcement learning

Wind farm (WF) is gradually required to provide inertial support during frequency events nowadays. Existing WF inertial control methods have exhibited limitations in parameter estimation and optimal control parameter tuning under variable operating conditions. Moreover, traditional model-based methods suffer from computational efficiency problems due to their reliance on repeated iterations or derivative computations in optimization process. Thus, this paper proposes an inertial control method for large-scale WF based on hierarchical distributed hybrid deep-reinforcement learning (HDH-DRL). Firstly, the control objectives for the inertial control are defined, and are decomposed on the basis of wind turbines (WTs) division. Next, this paper presents a HDH-DRL based inertial control framework consisting of two levels. The upper-level control is achieved by the hybrid multi-agent DRL (HMA-DRL) algorithm with hybrid action exploration mechanism and multi-agent coordination. The consensus based lower-level control aims to achieve the consensus convergence of the control through the locally distributed interaction among WTs. Finally, the inertial control processes of the model are exhibited; the influences of DRL algorithms on the control are discussed; the computational speed and solution accuracy of the proposed method are compared with the model-based methods; the multi-scenario applicability and performance in local communication failures of the model are analyzed. The results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly improves the active power response and frequency stability, achieving rapid consensus convergence with a power deviation below 0.3%, surpassing traditional control methods by at least 0.2%; also, it demonstrates superior performance across various scenarios, including transient and steady-state conditions, with frequency enhancements up to 0.30% and exceptional stability under different wind conditions and communication disruptions.

Distributed Multi-Area Intraday Economic Dispatch Using Modified Critical Region Projection Algorithm

Convergence acceleration is always a critical issue in distributed multi-area scheduling. The critical region projection (CRP) algorithm based on multi-parametric quadratic programming (MPQP) shows better convergence performance for multi-area static economic dispatch. However, its imperfect decomposition framework cannot be directly applied to dynamic economic dispatch. Therefore, this paper modifies the CRP algorithm to achieve fast distributed multi-area intra-day economic dispatch (MAIDED). First, we introduce slack variables to each area and add the corresponding penalty term into their objective functions to present a primal decomposition framework with penalty relaxation. It is more realistic than the decomposition framework of traditional CRP (TCRP). Then, an iterative algorithm of double spatial scale search (DSSS) is developed to improve the convergence rate of distributed solving based on the similar optimal value function in adjacent critical regions (CRs). Moreover, we design an initial value selection method based on data fitting to further reduce the number of iterations. Finally, three interconnected power systems of different sizes are used for numerical testing to demonstrate that the proposed modified CRP (MCRP) algorithm can meet the practical application and has higher convergence efficiency. <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Note to Practitioners</i> —This paper is motivated by the problem of distributed MAIDED for power systems but it also applies to other multi-agent networks with a coordinator. The convergence speed of the existing distributed optimization algorithm is slow, which increases the risk of communication failure and attack. Meanwhile, more iterations will result in increased communication and computing costs. This paper modified the TCRP algorithm for high-efficient distributed MAIDED. The penalty relaxation is used to ensure that the decomposition framework is consistent with the actual system operation. The DSSS algorithm and the initial value selection method based on data fitting are designed to effectively reduce the number of iterations. In this paper, the DSSS is that the coordinator enlarges the CRs uploaded from each area to perform a rough optimization for approaching the global optimal solution fast, and then in the next iteration, conducts a precise optimization like the TCRP algorithm to determine the precise optimal solution. The numerical testing of the interconnected power systems of different sizes indicates that the MCRP algorithm has fewer iterations and calculation times than the TCRP algorithm. Future work will extend the MCRP algorithm to solve the distributed multi-area unit commitment problem.

Maximizing public service through a humanistic communication approach

Optimal public service by an institution is closely tied to effective communication practices. However, at the West Aceh Police, the desire to maximize public services is impeded by communication problems between police officers and the public during service provision. This issue has prompted community service activities aimed at enhancing public services by improving communication skills, particularly through a humanistic approach. The training involved 30 members of the West Aceh Police and utilized various methods such as lectures, discussions, basic communication techniques training, and public speaking exercises. The objective was to identify communication shortcomings in service provision, evaluate them based on participants' experiences, and rectify them to enhance performance. Results revealed that participants frequently encountered communication failures with the public and had yet to fully implement a humanistic communication approach. However, the training significantly improved participants' ability to analyze and reflect on communication failures, empowering them to devise their own solutions.

Prediction of Radio Signal Failures of Communication Based Train Operating Systems by Machine Learning Methods

The use of rail systems in urban public transportation has become a necessity for reasons such as time saving, travel comfort and operating costs, especially in cities with high population and road traffic. Communication based train operating systems (CBTC) are used for the safe use of urban rail systems and the maximum capacity of the railway line. In this study, in line with the data collected from the trains on a railway line operated with CBTC, the status of the radio signals that enable the wireless communication of the trains with the trackside signaling equipment was evaluated by machine learning methods, and the situations that may have negative effects on the train operations of the problems at the signal level were evaluate. The problems on the antennas which receives signals from trackside above trains, the poor connection related with fiber optical and LAN cables, the trackside transmitter antenna orientation problems causes decrease on signal levels. It is aimed that to take actions about the problematic signal levels without any negative impact on the passenger comfort and the operation yet. The radio signal losses cause unexpected trains stops and delays. A decision support model has been developed that will offer early solution suggestions to system maintainers in order to intervene first. In conclusion, since it is the first study related with failure prediction by using radio signal levels data on railway signaling system, this study presents an important innovation in terms of literature.

Distributed Optimization of Islanded Microgrids Integrating Multi-Type VSG Frequency Regulation and Integrated Economic Dispatch

The question of how to simultaneously perform frequency regulation and integrated economic scheduling for microgrids with low-inertia islanding operation under communication constraints is a difficult problem that needs to be solved for many current applications. To this end, this paper establishes a microgrid scheduling control model containing a virtual synchronous generator (VSG) with multiple types of power sources and proposes a distributed optimization algorithm that integrates frequency regulation and comprehensive economic scheduling to simultaneously realize frequency regulation and economic scheduling in a microgrid. Firstly, a distributed economic dispatch problem is proposed based on a comprehensive consideration of the costs and benefits of various types of power VSGs, as well as the overall inertia and standby capacity requirements of the microgrid, which minimizes the integrated costs incurred by the participation of each type of VSG in the frequency regulation and improves the stable operation of the microgrid in terms of frequency under perturbation. Then, the optimal scheduling problem is solved by reconstructing the optimization problem based on considering the dynamic characteristics of microgrid inverters and using event-triggered communication to sense and compensate for the supply-demand imbalance online. The proposed method can avoid inter-layer coordination across time scales, improve the inertia, frequency regulation capability, and economy of the system, and enhance its robustness to short-term communication failures. Finally, simulation results are used to verify the effectiveness of the method.