Common Personality Disorders Research Articles

Rate of Personality Disorders in a Sample of Egyptian Students from Ain Shams University

Abstract Background An individual is considered to have a personality disorder (PD) when his or her thoughts, emotional manifestations, impulsiveness, and interpersonal behaviour deviate markedly from the expectations of that individual’s culture. Between 6 % and 10 % of the global population is estimated to suffer from a PD. Aim of the Work Estimation rate of personality disorders among students of Ain Shams University, compare between rate of personality disorders among medical, literary students. Patients and Methods This study is a comparative, cross sectional study, the sample was selected from students of Ain Shams University. This study was started after approval of the protocol by the department of Neuropsychiatry as well as Ethics Committee till accomplishment of the number of the subjects. Results There was significant difference between medical group and literature group according to socioeconomic level and academic “years”. This could be explained due to cultural preferences as higher socioeconomic level families are more able to withstand the cost of education in medical colleges. Regarding significance in academic years this could be simply due to longer faculty years in medical colleges (5 and 6 years) compared to literature colleges (only 4 years). Among the two groups, the rate of personality disorder was 26 students (10.4%). The most common personality disorder was obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (7 students) followed by depressive personality disorder (6 students) then dependent and narcissistic personality disorders (3 students each). There was no significant difference between medical group and literature group regarding personality disorders. Comorbid psychiatric disorders were evident in 26 students (10.4%). Of these students, dysthymic disorder was the most common (6 students, 23.1%) followed by depression and GAD (3 students each, 11.5%). There was no statistically significant difference between medical group and literature group according to comorbid psychiatric disorder. Conclusion This study was conducted to assess rate of PDs among Egyptian university students. The rate of PD was 10.4%, as the most common PD was obsessive-compulsive PD followed by depressive PD. Comorbid psychiatric disorders were evident in 10.4% of students. Of these students, dysthymic disorder was the most common (23.1%) followed by depression and GAD (11.5%). Moreover, there was significant association between presence of PDs and troubles in school and the most significant predictors of PD were comorbid psychiatric disorder.

Psychotherapies for the treatment of borderline personality disorder: A systematic review.

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is the most common personality disorder, affecting 1.8% of the general population, 10% of psychiatric outpatients, and 15%-25% of psychiatric inpatients. Practice guidelines recommend psychotherapies as first-line treatments. However, psychotherapies commonly used for the treatment of BPD are numerous, and little is known about the comparative effectiveness of each individual psychotherapy versus treatment as usual (TAU) or other psychotherapies. To systematically assess the comparative effectiveness of commonly used psychotherapies versus TAU or versus other psychotherapies for BPD treatment. We conducted systematic literature searches in MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and APA PsycINFO up to July 14, 2022, and searched reference lists of pertinent articles and reviews. Inclusion criteria were (a) patients 13 years or older with a diagnosis of BPD, (b) treatment with commonly used psychotherapies, (c) comparison with TAU or another psychotherapy, (d) assessment of relevant BPD-related health outcomes, and (e) randomized or nonrandomized trials or controlled observational studies. Two investigators independently screened abstracts and full-text articles and graded the certainty of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. We found 25 psychotherapy studies meeting inclusion criteria with data on 2,545 participants. Seventeen studies compared nine psychotherapies with TAU and nine studies compared eight psychotherapies with another psychotherapy for the treatment of BPD. Overall, both TAU and included psychotherapies were effective in treating the severity and symptoms of BPD. Moderate certainty of evidence suggests that systems training for emotional predictability and problem solving is more effective than TAU for the treatment of BPD; low certainty of evidence suggests that dialectical behavior therapy, schema therapy, transference-focused psychotherapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, manual-assisted cognitive therapy, and cognitive behavioral therapy are more effective than TAU for treating BPD. We were unable to draw conclusions from head-to-head comparisons of psychotherapies, which were limited to single studies with very low to low certainty of evidence. All commonly used psychotherapies improve BPD severity, symptoms, and functioning. Our assessment found no strong evidence suggesting that any one psychotherapy is more beneficial than another. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Mentalizing Abilities in Major Depressive Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder: Measuring Hypermentalization and Implicit Mentalization with the Hungarian Version of the MASC

IntroductionBorderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is the most common personality disorder in psychiatric care. BPD often co-occurs with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Both BPD and MDD are associated with various impairments of social functioning. Among these, mentalizing disturbances are the most extensively studied.ObjectivesThe Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition (MASC) is an ecologically valid video-based test, which is suitable for measuring both hypermentalization and implicit mentalization. Based on the literature, it is sensitive enough to detect mild deficits in mentalization capacities. In this study, we investigated mentalization deficits with a special focus on implicit mentalization and hypermentalization in patients with MDD and MDD+BPD with a set of well-established mentalization tests including MASC.MethodsWe examined patients with MDD (n=43) during the depressive episode. A subgroup of these patients was also diagnosed with BPD (MDD+BPD group; n=23), the other group had no comorbid personality disorder (MDD group; n=20). We assessed the patients’ mentalization abilities using the Hungarian version of the Reading the Mind in the Eyes test, the Faux Pas test, and the MASC test. Additionally, symptom scales (measuring the severity of anxiety, and depression), WAIS (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale), the Childhood Trauma Scale, as well as scales measuring affect regulation and attachment were used during the assessment.ResultsThere were no differences between the two groups in terms of age, IQ, or the severity of depression and anxiety. The MDD+BPD group exhibited significantly poorer performance in the MASC total mentalization score (MW U=118, df=1,41, p< 0,001), as well as in the hypermentalization score (MW U=98,5, df=1,41, p< 0,001). The MDD+BPD group achieved significantly lower results on the emotion recognition and mentalization measures in the RMET test (t=2,883, df=1,41, p< 0,001). The MDD+BPD group performed significantly worse on the Faux Pas test measuring mentalization (MW U=144,5, df=1,41, p< 0,001). In the whole sample, MASC performance correlated with overall IQ.ConclusionsThe MASC, RMET, and Faux Pas tests show a consistent trend and indicate significant differences between the mentalization abilities of MDD+BPD and MDD patients. Our findings are in line with data in the literature: BPD patients’ implicit mentalization with a predominance of hypermentalization is impaired. This impairment is detectable when we compare their performance with MDD patients without BPD. In the future, a larger sample size, additional tests, and the inclusion of a control group are needed to further investigate MDD and MDD+BPD patients’ mentalizing deficits. However, our results emphasize the significance of mentalization-based therapies in the therapy of patients with BPD and depression.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills Training (DBT-ST) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on Cognitive Emotion Regulation in Individuals with Symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder

Objective: Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is the most common personality disorder in psychiatric settings and one of the disorders that causes the most harm to individuals. The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills Training (DBT-ST) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on cognitive emotion regulation in individuals with symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder. Methods and Materials: This research was a semi-experimental study, utilizing a pre-test, post-test design with a control group and a follow-up period. The statistical population included all clients aged 18 to 45 who referred to counseling centers in the city of Sari during the first half of 2022 and had files. From all these individuals, those willing to cooperate were selected through purposive non-random sampling, resulting in a sample of 45 participants. These individuals were then randomly assigned to three groups (Group 1: Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills Training, n = 15; Group 2: Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy, n = 15; and Group 3: Control group, n = 15). Data collection was conducted using the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire by Garnefski et al. (2001). The Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills Training group (2003) participated in 12 weekly 90-minute group sessions, and the Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy group (2002) participated in 8 weekly 90-minute group sessions. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. Findings: The results indicated that Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills Training and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy were effective on cognitive emotion regulation in individuals with symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder (P = 0.001). There was a significant difference in the effectiveness of Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills Training and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on cognitive emotion regulation between the experimental groups and the control group. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills Training and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy, through individuals' cognitive coping strategies, can lead to improvements in psychological indicators and enhancement of mental health in individuals with symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder.

Factors Inducing Alcohol Seeking Behaviors in Patients Dependent on Alcohol-A Case-control Analysis

Abstract Context: Alcohol use has increased to the extent that it has become a menace to society. There are certain external or social factors which linger an individual around alcohol despite efforts to cut its consumption. Furthermore, the ingrained factors as an individual’s personality and associated comorbid psychiatric disorders render alcohol-seeking behaviors. These factors further lead to problems in help-seeking, adjustment in society, and continuation of treatment. Although studies in the past have highlighted these risk factors, this study was conducted to understand the role of social factors, personality, and simultaneously occurring illness in patients of alcohol dependence with healthy controls. Aim: The aim of this study was to study the factors inducing alcohol-seeking behaviors in patients dependent on alcohol. Settings and Design: This case–control study was conducted among 100 male patients. It included 50 patients diagnosed with alcohol use disorder and other 50 patients as healthy controls. Subjects and Methods: Participants were assessed clinically and the Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment of Alcohol Scale-Revised scale, Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test, Mini-international neuropsychiatric interview, and International Personality Disorder Evaluation scales were administered. Statistical Analysis: A Chi-square test was applied for the categorical variable. Univariate linear regression was done for the independent variable. Results: Marital status, occupation, and residential area significantly affect alcohol use behavior. Affective disorders (22%) were the most common comorbidity and dissocial personality disorders (24%) were most prevalent. Conclusions: While addressing the issues related to dependence a focused approach including social, biological, and psychological factors must be considered.

The Effect of Different Personality Disorders on Criminal Behavior

Criminal behavior remains a pervasive issue in our society, and prior research has established a clear link between criminal behavior and personality disorders. While personality disorders are relatively uncommon in the general population, they are significantly more prevalent in prison populations, indicating a positive correlation. This study seeks to delve deeper into the relationship between criminal behavior and personality disorders, specifically exploring the various clusters of disorders as classified by DSM-V and their impact on criminal behavior. Previous studies have consistently shown that personality disorders are more prevalent in prison populations compared to the general public. For instance, according to DSM-IV, only 5.7% of the general population exhibited Cluster A personality disorders, 1.5% had Cluster B personality disorders, and 6% had Cluster C personality disorders. In contrast, in prison populations, these percentages often exceed 50% and can reach as high as 89%, underscoring a clear connection between the presence of personality disorders and criminal behavior. Interestingly, Cluster B personality disorders appear to be the most prevalent among criminals, despite having the lowest prevalence in the general population. They are followed by Cluster A disorders, with Cluster C personality disorders being the least common in prison populations, though still observable in samples. This suggests that each Cluster has its unique association with criminal behavior, aligning with its distinct characteristics. Furthermore, different personality disorders exhibit distinct relationships with criminal behavior. For instance, antisocial and borderline personality disorders, both belonging to Cluster B, are frequently prevalent in criminal populations and often rank as the two most common personality disorders among inmates. Conversely, schizoid and schizotypal personality disorders seem to be significantly associated with homicide. However, despite these findings, there is still a limited body of research that fully elucidates the connection between personality disorders and criminal behavior and the underlying mechanisms. Nevertheless, it appears that the symptoms associated with each personality disorder make individuals diagnosed with these disorders more predisposed to engage in criminal activities compared to those without such disorders.

Is the road to burnout paved with perfectionism? The prevalence of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder in a clinical longitudinal sample of female patients with stress-related exhaustion.

Few studies have investigated the relationship between stress-related mental health problems and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD). Similarly, little research has focused on the moderating effect of OCPD on recovery in clinical patients with stress-related mental health problems. The general aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of OCPD and the associations between OCPD and level of burnout, anxiety, and depression symptoms, during a 7-years follow-up in a clinical longitudinal sample of female patients with stress-related exhaustion. The included patients (n = 84) were referred to a specialist outpatient clinic for patients with stress-related exhaustion between 2006 and 2011. Data was collected at the initial examination and during a 7-year treatment follow-up. OCPD was the most common personality disorder in the present clinical sample, with 40% of patients fulfilling the criteria. There was a significant association between OCPD and the degree of burnout symptoms as well as the degree of depression, both at baseline and during the 7-year follow-up. No significant association between OCPD and levels of anxiety was observed. The results support the hypothesis that there might be an association between OCPD and stress-related exhaustion, including preservation of symptoms over time. OCPD and its related traits, such as perfectionism, may be important factors to consider when constructing effective treatment and rehabilitation plans for these patients.

Therapeutic of educational psychology of red cultural identity on college students with borderline personality disorder

BackgroundBorderline personality disorder is a common personality disorder in psychiatry, accompanied by a variety of impulsive behavior characteristics, and is also a complex, serious and destructive mental disorder. With the increasing pressure of life and study, this disorder is increasingly appearing in college students. Cultural body is a social psychological process in which individuals form a sense of belonging to their culture and cultural groups, so as to obtain, maintain and innovate their own cultural attributes. It has special value functions such as guidance, promotion and education, which is helpful to improve the ideological and moral quality and spiritual outlook of young students.Subjects and MethodsRed culture is a culture with Chinese characteristics formed on the basis of constantly “sublating” Chinese and foreign cultural thoughts. This study mainly discusses the intervention effect of red cultural identity education psychology on borderline personality disorder college students. 70 college students with borderline personality disorder were randomly selected for the intervention of educational psychology of red cultural identity. SPSS 23.0 software was used for statistical processing.ResultsBefore the intervention, the baseline data of all students had no statistical significance (P>0.05). After intervention, the borderline personality disorder of college students was significantly improved, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).ConclusionsThe educational psychology of red cultural identity has a positive therapeutic intervention effect on borderline personality disorder college students, which can help them gain a sense of belonging and improve their self-confidence and spirituality.AcknowledgementIn 2021, the Guangdong Provincial Department of Education’s Youth Innovative Talent Project (No.2021WQNCX215).

Long-term labor on borderline personality disorder of building workers

BackgroundA borderline personality disorder is a common personality disorder characterized by unstable emotions, interpersonal relationships, and behavior. In addition, there are many causes of borderline personality disorder, including genetic factors, biochemical factors, and psychosocial factors. At the same time, prolonged work is also one of the causes of borderline personality disorder.Subjects and Methods100 building workers with BPD in a certain area were selected as participants in this study and divided into two groups, the observation group, and the control group, with 50 cases in each group, to analyze the impact of prolonged work on borderline personality disorder (BPD) among construction workers. Both groups received medication for basic treatment. In addition, patients in the control group only need to work for a fixed time, 8 hours a day, and weekends are off. The observation group’s patient needs to work for a long time, 15 hours a day and has a weekend off. The treatment period for both groups of patients is one month. The analysis tools used in the study include the Hamilton Depression Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Scale, Personality Diagnosis Questionnaire Edge Scale, and SPSS23.0.ResultsThe results showed that after treatment, the marginal symptom score of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and there was a significant difference between the two (P<0.05). After treatment, the depression and anxiety scores of the treatment group were significantly higher than those of the control group, and the difference between the two was significant (P<0.05).Conclusionsprolonged labor is not conducive to the rehabilitation of borderline personality disorders among construction workers.AcknowledgementThe research is supported by the excellent teaching team project of the “green basket project” in colleges and universities in Jiangsu Province (No. 2021JYTSZJZ05).

The meaning of lithium and naltrexone pharmacotherapy in the treatment of borderline personality disorder – a narrative review

Introduction: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) affects approximately 1%-3% of the population. As the most common personality disorder, BPD features behavioural, emotional and social dysfunctions. It often co-occurs with self-harm, suicidal tendencies and substance abuse. To date, pharmacological treatment does not provide sufficient therapeutic effects. The aim of our study is to analyse the neurobiological, genetic and environmental components in the aetiopathogenesis of BPD and to collect data on the innovative use of lithium and naltrexone in the therapy of BPD. Methods: Basing on PubMed and Google Scholar databases using the following keywords: borderline, lithium, naltrexone for papers published from 1979 to 2022. Results: Difficult childhood, and emotional, sexual and physical abuse are the strongest predictors of BPD development. The core symptoms of BPD may be related to dysfunction of the serotonin, dopaminergic, endogenous system and opioid systems. Variation in 5-HTT, COMT, FKBP5 and oxytocin receptor genes may influence the course of BPD. Imaging studies have shown structural and functional abnormalities in the prefrontal cortex, amygdala and hippocampus. Lithium reduces impulsivity, aggression, suicidal tendencies and self-harm in BPD. Naltrexone may effectively reduce self-harm without suicidal tendencies, impulsivity, substance abuse and suicidality. Conclusions: No unified model has been developed to account for environmental, genetic and neurobiological components in the pathogenesis of BPD. Understanding the mechanisms is a crucial step towards personalising treatment. The use of lithium and naltrexone may have positive therapeutic effects. Randomised clinical trials are required to establish the efficacy and safety of both drugs in long-term treatment. Keywords: borderline, lithium, naltrexone

Evaluation of the level of training of French psychiatrists on borderline personality disorder: An online survey

BackgroundBorderline personality disorder is a common and treatable personality disorder that is often underdiagnosed and untreated, mainly due to a lack of training of psychiatrists and to a lack of accessibility to specialized therapies. However, no study has been conducted in France regarding this issue. Thus, we aimed to evaluate on a national scale the level of training, knowledge, and general attitude toward BPD diagnosis of French psychiatrists. MethodsWe conducted an online survey in an unselected population of residents and senior French psychiatrists between January and March 2022, the results of which are presented descriptively. Results228 psychiatrists fully answered the questionnaire, and 21 more psychiatrists answered it partially. We found that most of the responders were unsatisfied with the residency training or the continuing medical education offered regarding BPD, a lack of training resulting in a low level of self-confidence regarding BPD management, in a low number of evidence-based therapies trained psychiatrists in issues regarding diagnostic disclosure, and in misconceptions regarding some aspects of the disorder. ConclusionsThese results underlie a clear lack of training of French psychiatrists, as well as a request from the latter for more opportunities to learn. This calls for a rethinking of the teaching system to incorporate more knowledge and tools related to BPD.

Bibliotherapie und schriftliche Selbstreflexion durch den Patienten. Beispiele für die Intensivierung eines psychotherapeutischen Prozesses am Beispiel der Behandlung einer Patientin mit Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung

Even though the borderline personality disorder (BPD) belongs to the most common personality disorders, its treatment is still a great therapeutic challenge. The different approaches have one thing in common – the request for a flexible setting depending on to meet the patient’s needs. After a brief introduction, we report about a 27-year-old female patient who was treated successfully in a 33-hour-session individual therapy. The applied method was positive psychotherapy, a humanistic psychodynamic method. Additional techniques are explained. The patient wrote more than 500 pages as homework during the treatment period of 10 months. This material gives an insight into the therapeutic process and its transference phenomena from the perspective of the patient. The therapist´s comments conclude this and give an insight into the countertransference. The applied therapeutic techniques, especially the writing, homework, tales and bibliotherapy are discussed. Finally, in conclusion, a more innovative approach for the treatment of borderline disorders is called for.

Causes and Treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder in Light of Genetic and Environmental Influences

Borderline personality disorder is a common and serious personality disorder, and it has been one of the hotspots of clinical research because of the severe and incurable impairment of social functioning in borderline personality disorder. Based on this issue, this paper summarizes the influencing factors for the formation of bpd through reviewing previous literature, including the intra-individual factors (genetic, biological, gene-environment interaction) and environmental factors (upbringing, parental emotional instability, childhood abuse, low education level, diverse childhood trauma). In addition, relevant treatments including medical and non-medical treatments (psychodynamic therapy, supportive therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy) are also discussed. It has been found through research that the etiology of borderline personality disorder is complex, has an extremely profound impact on the patient, and is highly debated in terms of treatment. Some of the current psychotherapeutic methods are more effective, on the basis of which some treatments about medical and pharmacological treatments can be added, or the combination of psychological plus pharmacological dual treatments and the combination of different psychological treatments are necessary for further research in order to obtain better treatment results. The summary in this article is intended to give mental health practitioners some suggestions and inspiration for treating borderline personality disorder.

Borderline Personality Disorder: A Psycho-Analytic Perspective

Introduction Borderline personality disorder is one of the most common personality disorders and it is associated with functional impairments. This article clarifies the use of psychodynamic formulations in understanding an 18-year-old lady diagnosed with Borderline personality disorder. Case presentation An 18-year-old female experiencing a mass of symptoms including depression, feeling lonely, self-blaming, confusion, inability to work, impulsivity, mood swings, relationship problems, and difficulty in thinking clearly. Rapid Mental State Examination revealed an obese body build, with long dark hair and a wide black framed medical glass. She looked anxious and tired. Her cognitive functions. She showed evidence of the crucial features of borderline personality disorder. The therapist offered biweekly sessions with the client to listen to her story which took three sessions (each one of 45 minutes) to figure out her worries and life difficulties, during these sessions therapist tried to prove to her that she was listened to and she was welcomed to speak as loud and as clear as she wanted. This made her feel confident to speak and made her make a promise to commit to the therapeutic processes in the 4th session. So far, the plan was to have overall 14 therapeutic sessions. Conclusion Dealing with the delicate cases of borderline personality disorder is one of the most challenging and therapist-exhausting situations using the psychodynamic interview is an effective way in helping cases of borderline personality disorder.

The effectiveness of schema therapy and cinema therapy in improving early maladaptive schemas and harm avoidance temperament in people with an avoidant personality disorder: A single case study

Introduction: Avoidant personality disorder is a relatively common personality disorder, widely coinciding with other axis I and axis II disorders. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of schema therapy and cinema therapy in improving early maladaptive schemas and harm avoidance temperament dimension in patients with an avoidant personality disorder. Method: This single-case research used a quasi-experimental multiple-baseline design. Among 18 to 35-year-old patients referred to the Armana Psychological Clinic in 2021, 4 individuals diagnosed with personality disorders based on a semi-structured clinical interview scale were selected by purposeful sampling. The tools used in this study were schema, temperament, and character questionnaires. The therapeutic program was held for 34 sessions of 60-minute, and the follow-up phase was performed 3 months after the end of the intervention. The data were analyzed by drawing charts and calculating clinical significance indices. Results: Participants’ scores in terms of schemas showed a descending trend from baseline to the end of the treatment, indicating slight improvement (25%-49%). Regarding the avoidance temperament variable, the scores showed a downward direction compared to baseline, revealing an improvement percentage of less than 25%. The scores of clinical significance indices (RCI≥1.96) in both variables indicated the effectiveness of the therapeutic method. Conclusion: Schema therapy and cinema therapy were efficient in treating maladaptive schemas in patients with an avoidant personality disorder; however, efficacy was inadequate for correcting the variable of harm avoidance temperament.

Does the Augmentation of Trauma Informed Hatha Yoga Increase the Effect of Dialectical Behavior Therapy for Substance Use Disorders on Psychopathological Strain of Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder and Comorbid Substance Use Disorder? Results of a Quasi-Experimental Study

Background: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is one of the most common personality disorders among persons with substance use disorders (SUDs) and is characterized by severe clinical symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate if the effect of dialectical behavior therapy for substance use disorders (DBT-S) inpatient treatment on psychopathological symptom load in patients suffering from both BPD and SUD can be augmented by weekly 60-min “Trauma Informed Hatha Yoga” sessions. Materials and Methods: Thirty-nine patients suffering from comorbid BPD and SUD were consecutively in time included in this quasi-experimental pilot study (first intervention then control group). In the intervention group, weekly Trauma Informed Hatha Yoga sessions were added to standard DBT-S for 8 weeks. The participants of the control group received standard DBT-S. All participants completed several self-report questionnaires to assess symptoms of depression, anxiety, symptoms of BPD, and their subjective stress perception at three points in time during the study course. Results: A repeated measures analysis of variance with patients’ psychopharmacological medication as covariate revealed a significant main effect of time for each of the psychometric scales (State and Trait Anxiety Inventory subscale for state anxiety [STAI-S] p = 0.001, Beck Depression Inventory [BDI] p < 0.001; Borderline Symptom List 23 [BSL] p = 0.036) indicating that the psychopathological symptom load of the patients was significantly lower at the end of the DBT-S therapy compared to the beginning in both study groups. Moreover, there was a significant interaction effect of group*time on the psychometric scales STAI-T (subscale for trait anxiety) sum score (p = 0.010) and the sum score of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) (p = 0.043). This was expressed by the fact that the participants of the intervention group showed a significant reduction of the STAI-T sum score as well as the sum score of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), while the control group did not. Due to the exploratory nature of this study, correction for multiple testing was omitted. Conclusion: Although they are very preliminary, our results suggest that practicing Trauma Informed Hatha Yoga on a regular basis in addition to DBT-S inpatient treatment seems to reduce the level of trait anxiety and perceived stress significantly more than DBT-S inpatient treatment alone. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of Trauma Informed Hatha Yoga in reducing trait anxiety and perceived stress in patients suffering from SUD und BPD must be tested in large randomized controlled trials.

Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder: A Review of Symptomatology, Impact on Functioning, and Treatment.

Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) is a chronic condition that involves a maladaptive pattern of excessive perfectionism, preoccupation with orderliness and details, and the need for control over one's environment. It is one of the most common personality disorders in the general population, with an estimated prevalence ranging from 1.9% to 7.8%. Despite the fact that patients with OCPD often present for treatment, there is little empirical research on treatments for OCPD, and there is no definitive empirically supported treatment for the condition. This review provides an overview of OCPD, its core features, its common presentation style types, and its impact on functioning. We review the limited treatment research to date and focus on cognitive-behavioral approaches targeting core aspects of OCPD that directly affect functioning in these patients, emphasizing take-home points for clinicians. We also address questions and controversies related to OCPD and its treatment.

Diagnostic terms psychiatrists prefer to use for common psychotic and personality disorders

ObjectiveThere are ongoing discussions on updating various standard psychiatric terms, including schizophrenia, which can be confusing, and personality disorders, which can be pejorative. To contribute to this process, suggestions and recommendations on terminology were sought from academic psychiatrists with substantial clinical experience. MethodsIn an online survey, 263 psychiatrists were asked how often they used alternative instead of standard terms for the diagnosis or symptom description of psychotic disorders and DSM Cluster B personality disorders. They were also asked what specific terms they preferred to use. Reasons for their views and choices were obtained. Results125 clinicians (48%) responded. Only a minority of clinicians (31%) tended to use the term schizophrenia often, preferring to say psychosis or to refer to thinking and perceptual problems. Even lower proportions of clinicians (7–14%) often use the terms for Cluster B personality disorder subtypes: antisocial, narcissistic, histrionic, and borderline. Alternatives suggested for these disorders included discussing emotional dysregulation, traits of sensitivity and reactivity, and relational difficulties. Reasons cited for choosing alternative terms were to avoid miscommunication (71% of responders) and to avoid offending the patient (78% of responders). ConclusionsThere are practical alternatives to standard psychiatric terminology that may improve communication with patients and be more respectful choices, as well. The suggestions of the psychiatrists responding to this survey might be of immediate value to others in their practices and might be worthy of consideration by those writing the next versions of the standard manuals, both the DSM and the ICD.

Antisocial and borderline personality traits and childhood trauma in male prisoners: Mediating effects of difficulties in emotional regulation

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of probable antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD) among prisoners, and further examine the mediating effect of difficulties in emotional regulation (ER) between childhood trauma and symptoms of ASPD and BPD. MethodsA total of 1491 male participants (35.4 ± 9.69 years) were recruited from a prison in Guangdong, China. The symptoms of ASPD and BPD, childhood trauma, difficulties in ER, and suicidal behaviors were measured by self-administered structured questionnaires. Logistic regressions were performed to investigate the associations of ASPD and BPD with suicidal behaviors. Path analysis was used to examine the mediating effects of difficulties in ER between childhood trauma and symptoms of ASPD and BPD. ResultApproximately, 21.2 % and 11.2 % of the participants were screened as ASPD and BPD, respectively. Probable ASPD and BPD were associated with higher risk of suicidal behaviors. Childhood trauma and difficulties in ER were significantly associated with suicidal behaviors in prisoners with probable ASPD and BPD. Path analyses showed that partial mediating effects of difficulties in ER were significant in the dimensions of clarity and strategies on ASPD, and in the dimensions of clarity, impulse, and strategies on BPD. ConclusionASPD and BPD are two of the common personality disorders in prisoners. Difficulties in ER are key to understanding the relationships between childhood trauma and personality disorders.

Investigation role of thought control, mindfulness, distress tolerance, in prediction signs of borderline personality disorder in female students of three public high schools in Golpayegan city

Borderline personality disorder is the most common personality disorder in therapeutic settings and has received more attention than any other personality disorder; This may be due to the high prevalence of this disorder in the clinical population. . Is. Today, personality disorders affect a significant portion of the world's population. Patients with borderline personality disorder have high emotional variability and higher emotional intensity than other personality disorders. Borderline personality disorder is characterized by a pervasive pattern of instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, emotions, and perceptible impulsivity. Investigating and understanding the psychological factors associated with borderline personality symptoms can be an important step in identifying its causes. The statistical population of the study included 668 female students in three public high schools in Golpayegan city who were studying in 1399. Using Cochran's formula, the sample size was estimated to be 300 people. The data analysis method was as follows: after collecting data, the analysis was performed using SPSS 23 software.The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the variables of borderline personality disorder with the variables of mind control, mindfulness, anxiety tolerance and mood dysphoria.