Common People Research Articles

“There Is No Law for Me in England”: An Indian Grocer’s Struggle for Economic and Geographical Space, and Agency in Oxford (1888–1896)

The Oxford Times ran a headline in May 1896 that stated in bold capitals ‘STRANGE DEATH OF A HINDOO’, detailing the circumstances of the death of Baboo Mookhi Singh, who, it seems, was the first (known) Indian grocer in Oxford. While today, the pioneering research by Rozina Visram related to the presence of Asians in Britain, that of Antoinette Burton in the late-Victorian period, or Michael Fisher’s work on counterflows to colonialism, is not new, the majority of research regarding the presence of Indians in the British Isles is either scant for this period of time, or related to ayahs and lascars, or to poets, intellectuals, and aristocrats, with considerable research also related to the Indian military. The majority of times, that research has also focused solely on London. The originality of this research paper provides material heretofore undocumented related to an early settler in Oxford from India (1880s–1890s): Baboo Mookhi Singh (1867–1893), Oxford’s first grocer, and tea importer from India. He originated from Benaras (Varanasi) and arrived in Britain, where he set up a business in the centre of Oxford. However, what he encountered there was name-calling, verbal as well as physical harassment, and ultimately his death in strange circumstances. He seemingly came alone, although his import business, which boasted the best tea not only in Oxford, but in the whole country, was run by the ‘Singh Brothers’ (his brother remaining in India). While Singh most certainly travelled via the Suez Canal to Britain, the country to which he was travelling would have been both familiar and unfamiliar to him. However, due to the lack of resources available, all too often common people, such as Singh, have been neglected. In this article, newspaper reports and material from the numerous trials (mostly initiated by Singh against the local people and his immediate neighbours) are brought together, as well as the coroner’s reports, and the police notes to determine Singh’s struggle for recognition, and his attempt at resistance. This paper documents his struggle for cultural/geographic space, to redress the imbalance of power, and gain agency. Despite his attempts at resilience, he did, in the end, die. However, Singh was a pioneer in a struggle for power, a stand for resistance, and how the law perceived him, in his difference, changing the community around him, albeit on a small scale. It is a telling story that resurfaces an early Indian settler in Britain, his alterity in Victorian society, and the latter’s attitudes towards race. It steps outside of the traditional image of the empire at home, in Britain, in everyday life.

Formaldehyde as Preservative for Fish and Seafood: A Boon or a Bane

ABSTRACTThree billion people globally rely on fish and other seafood as a significant source of animal protein. Despite being deemed illegal due to its ability to cause cancer, mutagenesis, and tumor development, formaldehyde is still in use to extend the shelf life of different fish and shellfish, which indicates the failure of awareness among people. Formaldehyde is categorized by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as a Group‐I human carcinogen. Therefore, we try to summarize the chemistry of formaldehyde, its illegal addition in various food materials leading to adverse health conditions followed by its evaluation at physiological and histological levels in our review with the help of data collected from various research papers, newspaper articles, and online data. We have also highlighted on various environmental factors that play a role in altering the levels of formaldehyde in various food materials. This review also gives an insight into various rules and regulations made to limit the usage of formaldehyde in fish and other seafood at both national and international levels. Our review will help to generate awareness among common people, the establishment of much stronger rules, and regulations on usage of formaldehyde, and finding an alternative for preservation of fish and other food materials.

Importance of Chhath Puja in the culture and economy of Bihar

Chhath Puja, the great festival of folk faith, is a major and traditional festival of Bihar, which is celebrated with devotion, reverence, and dedication. This puja is dedicated to Sun God and Chhathi Maiya. Business worth more than thousands of crores takes place during Chhath festival in the whole of Bihar. However, no special study has been done on this yet. Economist NK Choudhary says that this amount is quite large, because every small and big business from rural areas to cities is involved in it. Every family of Bihar contributes to Chhath in some form or the other. Chhath Mahaparva is directly related to the economy of Bihar. Soup and daura have special significance in Chhath Puja. In such a situation, it is manufactured on a large scale in different areas of Bihar. It is also manufactured in the areas of Madhubani, Bhagalpur and Seemanchal. It is also ordered from other states many times. Most of the fruits for Chhath are ordered from other states. Apples are ordered from Kashmir and Himachal, oranges from Nagpur, coconuts from Kerala and Andhra Pradesh, bananas from Karnataka and Chennai. Apart from this, sugarcane is brought from Uttar Pradesh. Soop-Daura is made on a large scale in Bihar. Chhath festival is celebrated with great enthusiasm. This festival lasts for four days i.e. 96 hours, and people from the eastern communities living in different states along with whole India, especially Bihar and Jharkhand, participate in this festival. About 15 crore people including women, men and children participate in Chhath Puja rituals. According to an estimate, the country's economy can benefit by Rs 12 thousand crore in these 96 hours. as a culture and faith of Bihar. How Chhath Puja is connected to the common people as a cultural heritage to the economy of Bihar has been studied in this research article.

Revolt of 1857 in Cachar District of Assam: A Re-emphasis

The revolt of 1857 had a significant impact in the Cachar district of Assam like other national allied activities. Many national historians asserts that the Cachar as well as Assam remained largely unaffected by the great revolt. But there are evidences which suggests that the echoes of the revolt felt in the Cachar district of southern Assam. The British administration, under figures like Captain Stewart, remained vigilant against potential uprisings, indicating an underlying tension despite a facade of tranquility. The common folk of Barak valley composed innumerable ballads and songs on the incident of the revolt which occurred in this region. There are also official documents to prove that the revolt affected the Cachar district. The revolt in Cachar emerged primarily as an extension of discontent from Bengal, with the local populace largely indifferent to the mutineers. The mutineers of 34th Native Infantry regiment marched to Cachar from Chittagong and the British army tried to suppress them. while the revolt of 1857 marked a pivotal moment in Indian history, its impact in Cachar was characterized by a lack of local support for the mutineers and minimal involvement from the common people. This paper aims to explore the nature and implications of the revolt in Cachar, detailing its limited but notable manifestations. The study indicates that while Cachar did not experience overt mutinies like other parts of India, it was not entirely insulated from the turmoil. The paper also discusses how the British forces managed to suppress potential uprisings, with notable incidents involving the 34th Native Infantry Regiment. Encounters between mutineers and colonial troops led to casualties and highlighted the region's precarious situation, exacerbated by the presence of tribal populations and discontented soldiers.

Intersectionality in the activity of lesbian and feminist movements in Ukraine

The article defines manifestations of the concept of intersectionality between Ukrainian feminist and lesbian movements. The research is based on the results of theoretical analysis and results of 13 semistructured in-depth interviews with 13 Ukrainian activists of feminist and lesbian movement from Kyiv, Kharkiv, Lviv, Uzhhorod, Odesa, Zaporizhzhia, Zhytomyr and Kherson, who were involved in feminist and lesbian movements in different periods – from the end of the 1990s to the beginning of the 2000s, in the mid-2000s and after 2014. As a result, the patterns of intersectionality between these two movements were defined.The concept of intersectional was defined in the mid-20th century by the American researcher Kimberle Crenshaw. It involved the rethinking of the concept of identity and social inequality under the influence of diverse individual experiences and socially significant characteristics. This concept became fundamental for the activity of new social movements at the end of the 20th century, in particular lesbian and feminist ones that are interrelated due to common resistance practices, ideological aspects, and people’s potential as well as the topic of the fight for women’s rights.Ukrainian feminist and lesbian movements are not exceptions, as they have manifested this intersectionality since their establishment as public social movements in Ukraine after the collapse of the USSR in 1991. This feature makes them different from the movements in countries of Western Europe and the USA, where lesbians used to be excluded from the mainstream feminist movement.After the analysis of in-depth interviews with activists of feminist and lesbian movements, it was defined that intersectionality between feminist and lesbian movements in Ukraine can be defined in ideological, thematical and practical aspects – common ideological basis, resistance practices represented in demonstrations, common actions, significant dates and topics, that prove that these 2 movements are interrelated and interconnected.

Understanding use of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation among a sample of US adults.

Many adults who smoke cigarettes report trying e-cigarettes to quit smoking. Understanding the use of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation and the type of support that adults desire when trying to quit smoking is important for supporting cessation attempts and maximizing smoking abstinence. In summer 2021, an online survey of 857 adults who reported a history of regular cigarette smoking and endorsed using e-cigarettes in a recent smoking cessation attempt was conducted. Survey items assessed reasons for using e-cigarettes to quit smoking, what was helpful about e-cigarettes, and what information participants desired when using e-cigarettes to quit smoking. Common reasons for using e-cigarettes to quit smoking included beliefs that vaping would be helpful for quitting (53.6%), vaping is safer than smoking (50.5%), and favorable comparisons relative to other nicotine replacement treatment (NRT) like nicotine patches and gum (24.7%). 23.8% selected e-cigarettes because they were cheaper than other smoking cessation aids. 89% of participants reported still smoking cigarettes at the time of survey. The most common information people wanted when quitting was advice on how to gradually reduce nicotine over time to become nicotine-free (46.3%), how different vaping devices work (39.7%), and what nicotine concentration to start with (37.7%). Findings identified common beliefs about e-cigarettes as a smoking cessation aid and how they compare to other treatments including NRT. Understanding factors that support cessation are critical especially due to high relapse rates. Results may help to inform support programs, especially for individuals who are interested in using e-cigarettes to quit smoking. Despite greater reporting, there is a limited understanding of e-cigarette use for quitting among those who smoke cigarettes.Our study highlights the reasons for using e-cigarettes among those who have recently tried e-cigarettes for quitting smoking, and the components of e-cigarette that were helpful.We also examined the desired support in a program designed to use e-cigarettes for quitting smoking. Majority of participants who attempted to quit smoking using an e-cigarette relapsed to smoking, indicating the gap in cessation support that can be filled with greater understanding of the desired support.

POPULIST POLITICS IN PAKISTAN: A CASE STUDY OF PAKISTAN THREEK -E- INSAF (PTI) FROM 2018-2023

Populism, although not a new political ideology, has witnessed a significant resurgence since the late 20th century. Emerging initially among Southern sharecroppers and tenant farmers in the United States during the 1880s, populism has since manifested globally, characterized by its opposition to elites and its appeal to the "common people." This thesis explores the nature of populism, its ideological foundations, and its impact on contemporary politics, with a particular focus on Pakistan's political landscape. The study critically examines the populist strategies of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) and its leader Imran Khan, assessing their socio-political and economic consequences from 2018 to 2023. By distinguishing between populist and non-populist politics in Pakistan, this research provides a comprehensive analysis of PTI's rise and its implications for democracy and governance in the region. The analysis reveals the intricate dynamics between populist rhetoric and policy, and their effects on the economic and sociopolitical fabric of Pakistan. Key findings indicate that PTI's populist approach has significantly reshaped political discourse and governance structures, promoting a narrative that pits the "pure people" against the "corrupt elite." The thesis also highlights the broader implications of populism for democratic practices, suggesting that while populism can invigorate political engagement and address genuine grievances, it also poses challenges to pluralism and institutional stability. Ultimately, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of populism in the Pakistani context, offering valuable insights into its potential trajectories and the critical balance required to sustain democratic values amidst rising populist sentiments.

Historical Background, Origin, Distribution & Present Status of Wood Apple

Wood apple (Feronia limonia L.; Rutaceae family) commonly known as poor man’s fruit in India due to its several nutraceutical importance, is native to South India and Sri Lanka. Sanskrit term, “kapittha,” receives several mentions in a number of ancient texts including “Hinduism: an Alphabetical Guide”. Buddhist scholar mentioned wood apple as an Indian fruit while, military commander and poet Chauvundaraya (940-989AD) listed wood apple in numerous medicinal remedies and also mentioned in Charak Samhita and Sushruta Samhita. Wood apple has been planted extensively or being allowed to grow naturally in the reserved forests throughout Southeast Asia, Northern Malaysia and on Penang Island. In India, it is more common in Deccan, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Chhatishgarh, Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Odisha, however, no data is available for its area and production. Unfortunately, the lack of attention has meant that their potential value is under-exploited and they are in danger of continued genetic erosion, ultimately leading to disappearance. Therefore, it is necessary to spread the awareness of its importance among common people and researches to identify superior genotypes, production problems of wood apple for their ex-situ collection, conservation, evaluation and utilization that is being explained by this study after having various literatures available in different forms from different sources. This review article will help future researchers to conserve as well as explore the possible benefits of this crop to the common people harnessing societal value of growers.

Hypertension Detection Through Speech Analysis Using Machine Learning-Based Approaches with the Identification of BP Sensitive Phonemes and Features

There are certain difficulties and unpleasant issues related to conventional diagnostic tools. These factors tilted the researchers toward finding an alternative non-invasive way of diagnosis. This alternate approach usually involves physiological and lifestyle-related data. The non-invasive tools are more convenient for common people as they are user-friendly and have no side effects. At the same time, they are cost-effective as well. The non-invasive diagnosis is also preferred by the people who live in places where medical facilities are not abundant. This study concentrates on detecting a person as hypertensive by analyzing certain parameters in speech using machine learning approaches. We identify some phonemes and features of speech that are more sensitive to capture the distortions in speech due to hypertension. Four different machine learning methods involving both classical and state-of-the-art methods in our study show the effectiveness of both types of machine learning methods in different dimensions. The study shows inspiring results in terms of prediction accuracy ([Formula: see text]95%) as well as identifying a minimal set of hypertension-sensitive features. It is also found that when we combine the predictions of both classical and state-of-the-art methods, the result gives more reliable predictions.

Aristotle and the Problem of Universal Accessibility in Leisure

Leisure is both a necessary precondition for, and the ultimate purpose of, human activities. As such, it is commonly understood as a state of contemplation practiced for its own sake. However, this view raises a problem regarding its universal accessibility. Aristotle’s ethical and political theories demand leisure as a universally embraced way of life, while contemplative leisure appears impractical for common people. There are broadly two approaches to fix this problem: (a) distinguishing leisure of two sorts, and (b) expanding the semantic scope of contemplation. Nevertheless, they both come with certain limitations. I propose redefining leisure as a moral-psychological concept aligned with the allegedly hexis-state of the soul. This redefinition presents leisure as a basic human condition, offering a possible solution to the problem of its universal accessibility.

A Study on the Impact of Traits of Managers on the Financial Performance of Selected Nifty 50 Companies

Purpose: A manager is a key person who has the ability to hasten the company's success. No two managers are the same since everyone has a unique background and set of traits that might have an influence on how the organization functions. This study's primary objective is to demonstrate a link between managerial traits and their significant impact on the financial performance of NIFTY 50-listed firms. These traits are age, gender, educational background, total time spent working for these NIFTY 50 listed firms, and total time spent working for the managers in the particular NIFTY 50 listed firm’s organization. These criteria are seen as independent of the investigation (Sreemathi, S., & Sekhara Rao, K. S., 2021). Design/Method/Answer: The data were collected from the official company websites, where the financial reports of the company have been published for the common people's access, and the traits of the management in terms of age, gender, and educational qualification have been covered from the Nifty 50 company’s websites. Findings: Regression analysis in terms of the multiple linear regression method has been applied to highlight the different managerial traits, i.e., gender as a trait of management personnel, that have a significant impact on the financial performance of the Nifty 50 companies, i.e., ROE and ROA (Kamath, G. B., 2022). Originality/Value: This study provides meaningful insights in terms of the different human traits that are prevailing in the management officials, which have a significant impact on the management decisions on the various parameters and have a significant impact on the financial performance of the companies in the Nifty 50. There are other human traits that might also have an impact on the decision-making of the management, which leads to the performance of the company

Digitalization of administrative work at home

Abstract People must perform bureaucratic, administrative work in daily life, such as applying for official documents, concluding contracts, organizing purchases, managing pension plans, etc. This work is time-consuming and unequally distributed in the household. At its best, it is perceived as boring; at its worst, it is mentally and emotionally stressful, leaving people overwhelmed and unable to fulfill their obligations. People can benefit from the digitalization of domestic bureaucracy automating repetitive tasks, reducing mental effort, and saving time for leisure activities. In recent years, there has been a need for more empirical knowledge about the use of technology or the working environment for this purpose. This paper presents insights from an online survey with 617 socio-demographically distributed participants highlighting the devices, tools, special software, and common places people favor for accomplishing these office-like household chores. Our results provide a solid empirical basis that not only quantifies previous qualitative results now using the German adult population but also offers orientation for further in-depth research as well as design.

Electoral Politics and Voting Behavior in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: A Comparative Analysis of ANP Vote Bank in 2008 and 2013

This paper endeavors to identify the level of difference in electoral politics of Awami National Party on account of vote bank received in general elections 2008 and 2013. The elections act as a bridge between political elites and common people, between polity and society, between individuals and state and democratic governance. The data collected for research with the objective is to compare the results of ANP in 2008 and 2013 general elections and were comparatively analyzed on the basis of certain reasons due to which ANP vote bank led towards downfall as compare to PTI in KP region. The unresolved socio-economic issues of common man, party mismanagement, politics of kinship and ethno-national feelings of ANP impacted the electoral results of the party inversely in 2013 election despite of political achievements post 2008 election and so voters opted for other options in elections of 2013.

『大觀茶論』 ‘序’에 나타난 徽宗의 茶文化觀

『DaeGwan Tea Theory』 consists of one chapter of the ‘Introduction’ and 20 chapters of the ‘Main Text’, and is a representative tea book of the Northern Song Dynasty that shows comprehensive tea affairs on Huizong’s intuitive and practical ‘DaeGwan Tea Theory’. Huizong’s tea ceremony was both useful and popular, and “During the Song Dynasty, tea ceremony was popular from the court to the common people, and with the popular response.” Huizong’s unexpected ascension to the throne was certainly a special event for the Song court and Huizong Zhaoji. A young, multi-talented royal family member recorded all the tea ceremony of the tea ceremony with his ignorance of governance and his genius and artistic talent as a literati. His tea ceremony was specific and detailed, and he fully revealed his political intentions toward the people in the preface of the 『DaeGwan Tea Theory』. In this paper, we understand the political background of the late Northern Song Dynasty and the life of Emperor Huizong, and study the social bonds that the multiculturalism of the Northern Song Dynasty has had on the globalization of tea ceremony in the present era

A Lexical Study on the Acquired Meanings of Selected English Words Used by Indian Railways

This study aims to investigate how the English Language used by the Indian Railways is different from other registers of English, and most importantly what is the effect of this register of English upon the common people. In other words, the present study aims at viewing the variety of language used by the Indian Railway as an independent register. For the purpose of investigation, a stylistic analysis is carried out. The data for the current study are collected from the platform, directives at railway premises and inside the railway-coaches. Platform announcements have been collected from various railway stations across the country. Some amount of data has been collected from the directives inside the railway coaches.

A Systematic Review of Barley (Hordeum vulgare Linn.) in Unani Medicine with Recent Advances

Objective: The present review article focuses on exploring the wide dimensions of barley including botanical description, nutritional composition, phytochemistry, experimental pharmacology, and clinical studies along with its traditional uses in Unani medicine. Background: Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) which is referred to as ‘Jao’ in the Unani system of medicine has a long history of utilization as a food and medicine. It belongs to family Poaceae and is considered as one of the founder crops of old-world agriculture. Methodology: A manual literature survey of classical Unani texts was conducted to collect the information available on ‘Jao’. Besides, a comprehensive search of electronic databases like PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct, was carried out to collect all the available information regarding its phytochemical, pharmacological and clinical studies. Result: In Unani medicine, barley is an important drug commonly used in many disorders of the respiratory system, gastrointestinal system, musculoskeletal system, skin, etc. It is used to treat obesity, diabetes, headache, pain and inflammation of the throat, acute swelling of joints and gout, chronic swellings, diarrhoea, fever, skin eruptions, hyperpigmentation of the skin, etc. Recent studies revealed that barley constitutes beta-glucan and a myriad of bioactive compounds that play numerous biological activities such as hypoglycemic, hypocholesterolemic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-obesity, anticancer, and wound healing activities. Conclusion: Barley is a potent drug that exhibits a wide range of health benefits, most of which have been confirmed via preclinical and clinical studies. This review may thus be helpful for the research community as well as common people to avail the benefits of this drug. Keywords: Barley, Beta-glucan, Hordeum vulgare, Jao, Unani medicine

The Impact of Home Medication Management Practices on Medication Adherence.

Medication adherence is a vexing challenge, with over 50% of US adults not adhering to their prescribed medication regimen. Most medications are self-administered by patients at home, requiring them to independently develop and manage their own medication routines. By understanding these home-based practices, such as where patients store their medications and how different storage locations impact adherence, we can develop targeted interventions to improve adherence rates. Our goal was to identify and categorize self-reported home medication management practices and determine which practices are associated with self-reported medication adherence. From the 1673 total survey respondents we learned that the most common places people store their medications at home are nightstand drawers (28%), on top of nightstands (27%), kitchen cabinets (22%), and bathroom medicine cabinets (20%). Kitchen cabinets and bathroom vanities were significantly associated with increased odds of having ever forgotten to take a medication. On the other hand, desks, dining room tables, and the inside of nightstand drawers were associated with the greatest statistically significant decrease in odds of having ever forgotten to take a medication. Almost all (96%) respondents were receptive to receiving guidance from healthcare providers on how to store medications. Patients are largely responsible for creating their own home medication management practices, including deciding where to store their medication at home. Understanding which home storage locations are associated with medication adherence can lead to innovative approaches to improve adherence, including personalized guidance to patients from their healthcare providers for patients.

Public Awareness: Understanding Register Of First Information Report Through Critical Discourse Analysis

The purpose of this study is to explore the linguistic aspects of police FIR using Michael Halliday’s system of transitivity and three-dimensional model of CDA, encompassing the macro-sociological analysis of social practice. FIR is a genre of discourse, referring to a report prepared by the police, which reaches the police station first after the commission of a cognizable offence. FIR needs thorough and careful reading, and very difficult to understand by the people of a particular community. In this regard, the Transitivity system is a medley of six different processes realizing ideational meaning which is further strengthened by CDA, which also helps the people of a community to comprehend complex discourses. In accordance with this study, the researchers used the qualitative approach as a paradigm. They used close reading technique as a strategy and relying on purposive sampling in the selection of data. Further textual analysis is used as a method of analysis. The researcher took five FIRs which were analyzed with respect to the transitivity system. This study reveals that the FIRs conform to five processes out six processes of the transitivity system and the three-dimensional model of CDA. Moreover, this study can be extended to other police reports and common people may easily expand their awareness to understand the language and context of FIRs.

Economic Implications and Public Readiness for Urban Green Space Development in Agra: A Strategic Evaluation in the City of Taj

Urban green spaces (UGSs) improve the environmental value of the city as well as the quality of life for citizens. Unfortunately, many cities in India are lagging behind the minimum standard of UGS required in the city. For example, Agra city in India, one of the most famous tourist destinations in the world, represents two distinct realities of UGS in the same city. One is the focus of tourism, and the rest is the place of common people with very limited public green spaces, leading to multiple social issues (like spatial polarization, etc.). The secondary data concludes that the PPGC of Agra is lower than the standards, and the ongoing schemes are approached through quantitative methods. Despite having many UGS development schemes, Agra's UGS shows stalled growth. This research examines the policies and programs of UGS development (AMRUT, SCM, etc.) and reviews them to understand the unique gaps and possible regulatory interventions. The study includes an assessment of stakeholders' readiness to accept plausible UGS strategies using an analytical analysis approach. The primary data shows that PPP is the requirement for the integrated development of UGSs. The planners can make policies highlighting citizen's rights and responsibilities to enhance UGSs in Agra.

Stress and Depression: Are they Really Related?

the term depression is commonly used to justify the emotional isolation. Common people do not see it as any different from stress or anxiety. Even emotional ventilation, such as crying, is sometimes said to be depression. I often hear suggestions of ventilating one’s feelings or performing leisure activities to get rid of depression. Although, the importance of emotional ventilation can never be understated in order to manage mental health, according to the WHO, depression is a mental disorder that is identified by a loss of pleasure or interest in daily activities for a long period of time, the causes of which may vary from physical or emotional abuse to severe losses in life. Depression needs to be diagnosed and treated, whereas the misuse of the term may lead to misidentification and the illusion that talking to loved ones and getting indulged in one’s favourite activities can cure it.