Common Pattern Research Articles

Attachment Styles and Their Relationship to Future Anxiety Among Mothers of Children with Chronic Diseases

The study aimed to assess the level of future anxiety and the most common attachment patterns among mothers of children with chronic diseases, as well as to assess the relationship between them . It also aimed to determine any statistically significant differences in the level of future anxiety and attachment patterns depending on the variables of the mother’s educational level, the mother’s age, the type of disease, and the duration of diagnosis. The study sample consisted of (145) mothers who were under the care of the Islamic Center Society in Irbid Governorate, Jordan, during 2023. They were selected using the available method, and both the future anxiety scale and the attachment styles scale were used. The results of the study showed that the level of anxiety about the future among the mothers studied was high, and that the most common attachment style was the anxious attachment style, followed by avoidant attachment, followed by secure attachment. The results of the study also showed that there was no statistically significant relationship between the secure attachment style and anxiety about the future, and the existence of a positive relationship. Statistically significant between both the anxious attachment style and the avoidant attachment style. The results also showed that there were no statistically significant differences attributed to the effect of the mother’s educational level, the duration of diagnosis and the mother’s age, and the presence of statistically significant differences attributed to the effect of the type of illness on the measure of future anxiety. The results also showed that there were no differences. Statistically significant due to the effect of the mother’s educational level, type of illness, and duration of diagnosis in all attachment styles, and the presence of statistically significant differences due to the effect of the mother’s age. KEYWORDS secure attachment, insecure attachment, anxious attachment, avoidant attachment, anxiety, chronic childhood diseases

Profiles of disordered eating behaviour in type 1 diabetes using the DEPS-R and behaviour and glycaemic outcomes in a real-life setting.

The Diabetes Eating Problems Survey - Revised (DEPS-R) is commonly used to assess disordered eating behaviour (DEB) in individuals with type 1 diabetes and has advantages compared to other measures not specifically tailored to diabetes. A score ≥20 on the DEPS-R is used to indicate clinically significant DEB; however, it does not distinguish between eating disorder (ED) phenotypes necessary to guide treatment decisions, limiting clinical utility. The current study used latent class analysis to identify distinct person-centred profiles of DEB in adults with type 1 diabetes using the DEPS-R. Analysis of Variance with Games Howell post-hoc comparisons was then conducted to examine the correspondence between the profiles and binge eating, insulin restriction and glycaemic control (HbA1c, mean blood glucose, and percent time spent in hyperglycaemia) during 3 days of assessment in a real-life setting. Latent class analysis indicated a 4-class solution, with patterns of item endorsement suggesting the following profiles: Bulimia, Binge Eating, Overeating and Low Pathology. Differences in binge eating, insulin restriction and glycaemic control were observed between profiles during 3 days of at-home assessment. The Bulimia profile was associated with highest HbA1c and 3-day mean blood glucose. There are common patterns of responses on the DEPS-R that appear to reflect different ED phenotypes. Profiles based on the DEPS-R corresponded with behaviour in the real-life setting as expected and were associated with different glycaemic outcomes. Results may have implications for the use of the DEPS-R in research and clinical settings.

Adaptive Time-Frequency Segment Optimization for Motor Imagery Classification.

Motor imagery (MI)-based brain-computer interface (BCI) has emerged as a crucial method for rehabilitating stroke patients. However, the variability in the time-frequency distribution of MI-electroencephalography (EEG) among individuals limits the generalizability of algorithms that rely on non-customized time-frequency segments. In this study, we propose a novel method for optimizing time-frequency segments of MI-EEG using the sparrow search algorithm (SSA). Additionally, we apply a correlation-based channel selection (CCS) method that considers the correlation coefficient of features between each pair of EEG channels. Subsequently, we utilize a regularized common spatial pattern method to extract effective features. Finally, a support vector machine is employed for signal classification. The results on three BCI datasets confirmed that our algorithm achieved better accuracy (99.11% vs. 94.00% for BCI Competition III Dataset IIIa, 87.70% vs. 81.10% for Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences dataset, and 87.94% vs. 81.97% for BCI Competition IV Dataset 1) compared to algorithms with non-customized time-frequency segments. Our proposed algorithm enables adaptive optimization of EEG time-frequency segments, which is crucial for the development of clinically effective motor rehabilitation.

Estimating the Age of an Individual by Analyzing the Lip Print through Suzuki and Tsuchihashi's Classification

A forensic examination method called cheiloscopy uses the ridges and grooves on lips to distinguish between forensic instances and those that are not. The goal of the study is to identify the common lip print pattern and its variations across different age groups using Suzuki and Tsuchihashi's kinds classification. Totally 180 participants were split into three age groups (Groups 1: 21–30, Group 2: 31–40, and Group 3: 41–50). The study area is located in a small part of Puducherry. Subsequently, the lip prints were photographed and stored for digital analysis. To enhance visualization, the lip print photographs were uploaded onto Adobe Photoshop 2019, and filters were applied to identify the patterns. Concluding this study, the identification of age groups among individuals might be facilitated through the recognition of these six patterns. This capability will aid in categorizing people in the event of a disaster or explosive case. Since every person has a unique lip print, it is elementary to identify, document, and analyze these patterns when using digital picture analysis.

From periphery to center, untold story of pure neuritic leprosy: an electrophysiological study.

Pure neuritic leprosy (PNL) is uncommon form of leprosy involving peripheral nerves. Some isolated case reports have shown imaging changes in the central nervous system (CNS) and also impairment in visual evoked potential (VEP), somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) and brain stem auditory-evoked potentials (BAEPs) parameters in PNL, but there is lack of large study. This prospective observational study evaluates impairment in these central conduction studies among PNL patients. We screened patients with leprosy presenting with features of neuropathy and/or thickened nerves. Patients with bacilli-positive nerve biopsies were included in the study and subjected to routine tests along with nerve conduction study (NCS), VEP, tibial SSEP and BAEPs. Parameters of these studies were analyzed based on data from previous studies. Of 76 patients screened for PNL 49 had positive findings in biopsy. Most of patients were male and mean age group was 46.35 ± 15.35years. Mononeuritis multiplex was most common NCS pattern in 46.93% (23/49) patients. We found abnormal VEP in 13 out of 35 patients (37.14%). Similarly abnormal SSEP and BAEPs among 42.85% and 40% patients respectively. This study shows that in PNL significant number of patients have subclinical CNS involvement. Exact pathophysiology of CNS involvement is not known till now but study of VEP, SSEP and BAEPs parameter may help in early diagnosis of PNL.

(250) A Case Study with an Egyptian Transgender Woman's Transitioning Phases

Abstract Introduction Transgender individuals face numerous challenges in their journey to affirm their gender identity. In Egypt, transgender individuals face additional challenges due to social and legal constraints. This case study aims to provide an in-depth look at the transitioning phases of an Egyptian transgender woman, including the challenges she faced and the support she received. Objective The objective of this study is to investigate the transitioning phases of an Egyptian transgender woman in her thirties, including demographic history, social and legal constraints, past traumas, psychiatric management, medical and surgical procedures, and outcome. Methods This study will use a case study approach, focusing on a single Egyptian transgender woman. Data will be collected from interviews with the participant, as well as with her family members, friends, and healthcare providers. The interviews will cover topics such as demographic history, social and legal constraints, traumas, psychiatric management, medical and surgical procedures, and outcome. Written consent was acquired from the participant, her family and all involved parties. Conflict of Interest: the author declares that he was the psychotherapist for the participant before, during and after the transition, the psychotherapy was ended 4 years ago Results The data collected from the interviews will be analyzed using thematic analysis to identify common themes and patterns related to the participant’s transitioning phases. The analysis will focus on the challenges faced by the participant, as well as the support she received from her family, friends, and healthcare providers. Conclusions This case study aims to provide valuable insights into the transitioning phases of an Egyptian transgender woman. By identifying the challenges faced by the participant and the support she received, this research can inform the development of strategies for improving the health and well-being of transgender individuals in Egypt. Disclosure Any of the authors act as a consultant, employee or shareholder of an industry for: rakhawy hospital for mental health.

Common and distinct cortical thickness alterations in youth with autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

BackgroundAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are neurodevelopmental disorders with overlapping behavioral features and genetic etiology. While brain cortical thickness (CTh) alterations have been reported in ASD and ADHD separately, the degree to which ASD and ADHD are associated with common and distinct patterns of CTh changes is unclear.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Science Direct from inception to 8 December 2023 and included studies of cortical thickness comparing youth (age less than 18) with ASD or ADHD with typically developing controls (TDC). We conducted a comparative meta-analysis of vertex-based studies to identify common and distinct CTh alterations in ASD and ADHD.ResultsTwelve ASD datasets involving 458 individuals with ASD and 10 ADHD datasets involving 383 individuals with ADHD were included in the analysis. Compared to TDC, ASD showed increased CTh in bilateral superior frontal gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus, and right superior parietal lobule (SPL) and decreased CTh in right temporoparietal junction (TPJ). ADHD showed decreased CTh in bilateral precentral gyri, right postcentral gyrus, and right TPJ relative to TDC. Conjunction analysis showed both disorders shared reduced TPJ CTh located in default mode network (DMN). Comparative analyses indicated ASD had greater CTh in right SPL and TPJ located in dorsal attention network and thinner CTh in right TPJ located in ventral attention network than ADHD.ConclusionsThese results suggest shared thinner TPJ located in DMN is an overlapping neurobiological feature of ASD and ADHD. This alteration together with SPL alterations might be related to altered biological motion processing in ASD, while abnormalities in sensorimotor systems may contribute to behavioral control problems in ADHD. The disorder-specific thinner TPJ located in disparate attention networks provides novel insight into distinct symptoms of attentional deficits associated with the two neurodevelopmental disorders.Trial registrationPROSPERO CRD42022370620. Registered on November 9, 2022.

Becoming a mother in neoliberal academia: Subjectivation and self‐identity among early career researchers

AbstractThis paper investigates how becoming a mother—and navigating such a complicated life transition—while pursuing an academic career impacts the way female researchers perceive themselves as acting subjects. By analyzing in‐depth virtual interviews with Italian female early career researchers, this work explores the relationship between fertility decisions, motherhood hardships, self‐identity, and career‐related experiences in the interviewees' biographical trajectories. Despite their consideration of childbearing as a mental and practical obstacle to scientific production, many of the interviewees ascribe positive career outcomes to the arrival of their first child. The reflexivity set in motion by the interview process allows us to observe the collected interviews as double‐layered narratives. The postponement of fertility choices and the presence of work‐family conflict tend to be described as ordinary facets of a common career pattern, intrinsic to the female academic working experience. Meanwhile, the positive impacts of motherhood on self‐identity and work‐related skills are recounted on a more individual level, framed as a sort of paradox, a personal journey of self‐discovery or—to some extent ‐ a heroic performance.

(047) Experience of Sexuality After Breast Cancer: A Qualitative Study

Abstract Introduction Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women. But its efficient therapeutic arsenal have major impacts on the quality of life of breast cancer survivors. Breasts are symbolic of sexuality, femininity and beauty. Their invasion by cancerous cells or mutilated by local treatments can disrupt a woman's sexual life, endangering their couples' relationships. Objective We aim to evaluate the qualitative impact of breast cancer on survivors' sexuality after mastectomy. Methods A prospective qualitative study was carried out using semi-structured interviews until saturation of findings. The patients included were women diagnosed and treated for breast cancer, followed in our department. All participants were sexually active and no older than 55. The study enrolled 20 participants over a 6-month period (February 2022-July 2022). Results Exploring the sexual health of breast cancer patients following surgery and treatment with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, we found that the participants had a common pattern to adapt to the significant changes in their bodies and cope with the modifications concerning their sexuality. Some important and recurrent themes resulted of the analysis of our interviews: participants reported lower desire, arousal and satisfaction of their sexual life. They also asked for more emotional bonding and sexual bonding with their partners. Conclusions Knowledge of the psychosocial and cultural aspects that influence women's sexuality after breast cancer is important in helping to improve healthcare. Disclosure No.

Distal femoral osteotomy and patellar tendon advancement for the treatment of crouch gait in patients with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy

BackgroundCrouch gait, or flexed knee gait, represents a common gait pattern in patients with spastic bilateral cerebral palsy (CP). Distal femoral extension and/or shortening osteotomy (DFEO/DFSO) and patellar tendon advancement (PTA) can be considered as viable options when knee flexion contractures are involved. Better outcomes have been reported after a combination of both, independently of the presence of knee extensor lag. In this study, we evaluated the clinical and kinematic outcomes of these procedures. Patients and methodsWe reviewed a cohort of 52 limbs (28 patients) who were treated for crouch gait by DFEO/DFSO alone (group 1, n = 15) or DFEO/DFSO + PTA (group 2, n = 37) as a part of single event multilevel surgery (SEMLS). The mean age at surgery was 14 years, and the mean follow-up time was 18 months. The physical examination data and three-dimensional standardized gait analysis were collected and analyzed before the surgery and postoperatively. ResultsOverall knee range of motion improved in all limbs. The knee flexion decreased significantly in both groups at initial, mid, and terminal stance. Hip flexion significantly decreased in mid-stance for limbs in group 2. Both clinical and gait parameters were most improved in limbs who underwent DFEO/DFSO + PTA. Increased pelvic tilt was observed in both groups after surgery. ConclusionAlthough DFEO/DFSO alone was successful in correcting knee flexion contractures, PTA has helped to improve knee extensor lag and knee extension during gait. Level of evidenceTherapeutic level IV

SafeNet: Towards mitigating replaceable unsafe Rust code via a recommendation‐based approach

AbstractRust is a system‐level programming language with advantages in memory safety. It ensures that any Rust programs without unsafe code should not incur undefined behaviours. However, unsafe code still plays an essential role in Rust to achieve low‐level control. Therefore, a major design pattern of Rust programs is interior unsafe, which wraps unsafe code as safe APIs and handles all undefined behaviours internally. Rust standard library already provides a rich set of safe APIs to facilitate Rust code development. Nevertheless, due to unfamiliarity with these APIs, developers may misuse unnecessary unsafe code and suffer memory‐safety risks. In this paper, we investigate an approach to mitigate replaceable unsafe code. We first analyse unsafe APIs of the Rust standard library and summarize their common usage patterns. Each pattern corresponds to one or several code samples in our knowledge base. Then, we develop an approach to automatically recognize the usage pattern and recommend corresponding code samples. Our approach leverages dataflow analysis to exclude impossible patterns and employs a BERT‐based machine learning model to find the most similar pattern among the rest. We have conducted evaluation experiments with 472 unsafe code snippets collected from GitHub projects and successfully recognized the pattern of 394 snippets. We hope our approach can assist developers in detecting unnecessary unsafe code and suggesting safe alternatives.

SCSP-3: A Spectrally Augmented Common Spatial Pattern Approach for Robust Motor Imagery-Based Brain–Computer Interface

SCSP-3: A Spectrally Augmented Common Spatial Pattern Approach for Robust Motor Imagery-Based Brain–Computer Interface

The role of biogeographical barriers on the historical dynamics of passerine birds with a circum-Amazonian distribution.

Common distributional patterns have provided the foundations of our knowledge of Neotropical biogeography. A distinctive pattern is the "circum-Amazonian distribution", which surrounds Amazonia across the forested lowlands south and east of the basin, the Andean foothills, the Venezuelan Coastal Range, and the Tepuis. The underlying evolutionary and biogeographical mechanisms responsible for this widespread pattern of avian distribution have yet to be elucidated. Here, we test the effects of biogeographical barriers in four species in the passerine family Thamnophilidae by performing comparative demographic analyses of genome-scale data. Specifically, we used flanking regions of ultraconserved regions to estimate population historical parameters and genealogical trees and tested demographic models reflecting contrasting biogeographical scenarios explaining the circum-Amazonian distribution. We found that taxa with circum-Amazonian distribution have at least two main phylogeographical clusters: (1) Andes, often extending into Central America and the Tepuis; and (2) the remaining of their distribution. These clusters are connected through corridors along the Chaco-Cerrado and southeastern Amazonia, allowing gene flow between Andean and eastern South American populations. Demographic histories are consistent with Pleistocene climatic fluctuations having a strong influence on the diversification history of circum-Amazonian taxa, Refugia played a crucial role, enabling both phenotypic and genetic differentiation, yet maintaining substantial interconnectedness to keep considerable levels of gene flow during different dry/cool and warm/humid periods. Additionally, steep environmental gradients appear to play a critical role in maintaining both genetic and phenotypic structure.

Double-RIS Aided Multi-User MIMO Communications: Common Reflection Pattern and Joint Beamforming Design

Double-RIS Aided Multi-User MIMO Communications: Common Reflection Pattern and Joint Beamforming Design

Strong daily routinisation, weak energy flexibility: a survey study of the stability and adaptability of everyday energy practices

Fundamental changes in everyday consumption patterns are required to mitigate negative environmental impacts, and these include adapting the timing of consumption. For example, flexible energy demand becomes increasingly important in response to larger shares of fluctuating energy production while dynamic electricity pricing suggests there is a need to encourage staggered electricity use. In this paper, we explore the stability, adjustability and flexibility of everyday practices to critically address the potential for flexible household energy demand. Based on a survey questionnaire (N=1,470), the paper takes its empirical focus in the Nordic welfare state Denmark, which has a high share of wind power and little focus on energy justice. Across household groups, it seems that morning routines are strongly routinised, especially on weekdays, and that variations in these primarily involve adjustment to other household members. The analysis indicates that there are differences across household types, for example, households with children and households whose inhabitants are aged 41-60 tend to be associated with stable evening routines, women tend to agree more to adjusting routines to lifestyle and household, while being in employment seems to be associated with stronger dependence on time schedules determined by factors outside the household. The study suggests that socio-temporal rhythms of everyday practices strongly depend on societal rhythms and practices outside the home. It follows therefore that expectations of energy flexibility in household energy demand should initially focus on common temporal patterns and dependence on these rather than on individual households’ (apparent) capacity to consume energy flexibly.

Intellectual Capital and Value of the Firm: A Systematic Literature Review

Intellectual Capital and Value of the Firm: A Systematic Literature Review

Development of Code Evaluation System based on Abstract Syntax Tree

Analyzing and evaluating student-generated code poses a big headache for programming education. Code evaluation is a delicate task requiring accuracy, efficiency, and error-checking. This paper considers one of the many useful tools in code evaluation. It's Abstract Syntax Trees (AST). AST is a robust tool for reading, filtering, and weighing student code. It is built from tree regular expressions for common programming patterns. This paper considers, firstly, integrating AST into code evaluation projects. Secondly and most importantly to the present implementation work is that Python programming language provides excellent compatibility for implementing such a program. Taking advantage of Python's feature that allows the inputting of code as a string, AST records and tracks everything about the user's own source. With AST being integrated into platforms for education, how to evaluate student code has been completely altered; as sites such as LeetCode and HackerRank testify. This paper presents an accurate, efficient and error-aware approach to code evaluation by improving on educational websites incorporating AST. Adapting well to the dynamics of programming education, this elaborate assessment system will provide students with truthful assessments and profound feedback on their coding capabilities. This article shows how AST-based evaluation has revolutionized the way programming is taught, and thoroughly explores its role in evaluating code.

ANALYSIS OF HUMAN LOWER LIMB DYNAMICS AND GAIT RECONSTRUCTION

In order to achieve gait reconstruction of human posture, a 7-degree-of-freedom model of the human lower limbs is proposed. On the basis of this model, dynamic analysis was conducted and the Lagrange equation of the human lower limb dynamic system was constructed. In the process of solving the kinetic energy–potential energy relationship of the Lagrange equation, the angular solutions of each joint were obtained. Based on actual data, common gait patterns of human lower limbs were presented, and gait reconstruction experiments were conducted. The experimental results show that under the human lower limb model and dynamic analysis method constructed in this paper, the variation curves of the hip joint, knee joint, and ankle joint of the human lower limb have been effectively reconstructed.

Urban community development: Reviewing non-profit impact in the USA and Africa

Urban community development: Reviewing non-profit impact in the USA and Africa

Ecological and Biogeographical Imprints in a Beech Glacial Refugium

The distribution of vascular plant species and assemblages existing in beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forests was compared with the distribution of beech chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) haplotypes, aiming to identify possible interpretable trends of co-occurrence, on a small geographical scale, and to infer the relevant historical factors. Vegetation and genetic (cpSSR) data were collected from 60 plots on Mt. Menikio (northeastern Greece). Classification and ordination analyses were applied on the vegetation data, while on the cpSSR data, diversity measures and genetic structure analyses were employed. A probabilistic co-occurrence analysis was performed on haplotypes and taxa. The results show that a plant biogeographical border exists on Mt. Menikio which, in addition, has acted both as a refugium and as a meeting point of lineages for more than one glacial cycle. Significant associations of co-occurrence between haplotypes and vascular taxa were found but no common distribution patterns between the former and species assemblages were identified. The combined consideration of the distribution profiles of species assemblages, plant species and cpDNA haplotypes (corresponding to the three levels of biodiversity) provides concrete information on historical events, leading to a comprehensive understanding of the evolutionary and biogeographical processes that have shaped specific spatial patterns of biodiversity.