Common Man Research Articles

Who outperforms automobile industry in India? Comparative study on financial performance between tata motors versus M& M LTD

Background: The immense growth of automobile industry in India made the people to satisfy their desire in driving the most luxurious vehicle. Every other day, we have been getting news about some new launches, some low-cost cars which are all custom-made in a sophistication such that even the common man can afford the vehicle. The Compound Annual Growth Rate of the Indian automotive industry’s sales between financial year 2009 and 2020 comes around 8%. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to know about the financial performance of leading automobile industry by comparing their financial statements. Objectives: The financial position of TATA motors and M & M Ltd were ascertained with the help of ratios as a parameter. Secondly to analyse the financial performance of both the companies by comparing its financial statements. Methodology: In this research work two automobile companies in India were selected for analysis. The selected automobile companies last five years i.e., from 2018 to 2022 financial position were analysed. This research is based on the secondary data. Different ratios were used to analyse the financial position of TATA motors and M & M Ltd. Findings: By analysing the financial position of the two companies it is clear that the net sales of the M & M Ltd is higher than the Tata Motors. It shows that even though the Tata Motors is performing well in its sales it has to concentrate to reduce its expenses to increase the profit. Likewise in the aspects of earnings per share, return on capital employed ratio, return on net worth ratio, gross profit ratio and net profit ratio the Tata Motors is lesser than the M & M Ltd. After analysing the aspects in this research, it says that M&M Ltd is betterthan Tata Motors from the year 2018 to 2022.

Print media effective medium of science communication

Science communication is an important discipline of science. This is the perfect medium to communicate science to the masses. With the help of this method people can understand science deeply and apply it in their real life. With the help of scientific temper people can be logical in their life. Science is a part of our daily life. From the first rays of the sun in the morning to the twinkling of stars at night, everything is science. But for people to understand it, it should be reached in easy and understandable language are very important. Annie Roe, an American psychologist says that 'nothing in science is of value if it is not communicated'. There are many ways of science communication like print, radio, TV, social media etc. Print medium is the most effective and powerful way of communication because it is the oldest medium of communication and its reach and influence to the masses is very much. Common man are connected through it since it forms a huge readership. There are many ways of print media through which science can be communicated, such as newspapers, magazines, books, etc. Newspapers are playing an important role in the society because the frequency of Newspapers are more than the magazines. The newspaper has a better reach in the readers at the local level, as it covers the news of the particular society. People feel an attachment with the Newspapers due to local coverage. The reach of printed stories can be limitless and their impact is significant. Vaigyanik Drishtikon is India's first and only Science Newspaper. Vaigyanik Drishtikon is developing scientific temper in the public. The title of the science newspaper Vaigyanik Drishtikon has been opted as this newspaper has started around two decades ago with the spirit of developing scientific temper in the society. This newspaper covers the details about the latest and on-going research in almost all branches of science are being published. Along with this, the life stories of greatIndian scientists are also being published. Scientific fraternity felt overwhelmed to realize the spirit behind this very challenging journey of bringing out a newspaper on science, technology and innovation including scientific temper that are generally neglected in mass media. Vaigyanik Drishtikon is playing an important role in creating scientific awareness in the society. The content published in it improves the scientific knowledge of the people and also helps them to clear many preferences and doubts. The news and articles published in this newspaper have often created lively discussions in the society. The team Vaigyanik Drishtikon is influenced by the article 51A (h) of the Constitution of India. This newspaper is very different from other routine newspapers published in the country because it is based only on science. Before publishing any content, it is extensively researched and discussed by the editorial team if it is useful to the public it is selected for publication. When necessary, experts' opinion is also taken. That's why this newspaper is improving the scientific temper of the new generation. For all these reasons, once the former President of India, Dr APJ Abdul Kalam called it a 'knowledge paper'. Science in India is constantly improving and developing with new achievements. The mission of this newspaper is to disseminate the increasing scientific knowledge and information and all achievements to the common citizens in a very simple and understandable manner, so that even the people living at the fringes of the society can improve their standard of living.

ADVERSARIAL V INQUISITORIAL: A PREFERRED CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM FOR INDIA

The criminal justice system embraces, within its fold all those processes and institution, which concerns themselves with the formulation and enforcement of penal prohibitions, the adjudication of concrete cases relating to violation of such prohibitions and dispositions of those who are held guilty of violation. The ultimate objective of criminal justice system is the protection of society and preservation of such values as are considered, in point of their quality and nature, as appropriate for imposition of punishment. The criminal justice system in India is facing some challenges which it must overcome in order to survive by earning faith of the people for which it exists. The common man has no idea of the inherent lacunas in it and he is surprised when he finds that he does not get the relief or remedy which he may have justly expected and ultimately he loses faith in the system. It is therefore repeatedly felt that there is urgent need to review the entire criminal justice system.

Judicial Organization and Institutions in Cameroon: A Tripartite Classification

Justice is a service open to the public. It is thus arranged, like any structure that renders public service, in a manner that whoever seeks for it receives appropriate attention. The setting up and organization of judicial institutions is premised on the fore said. The classification of the judicial system in Cameroon is shrouded with a bleak and opaque view that one tends to ponder on the clear cut strata for the administration of justice in Cameroon. Litigants sometimes find difficulties in identifying which court is competent to handle their matters in the face of complaints. More so, the fact that certain courts preclude the ordinary man from bringing an action makes the whole scenario more cumbersome for a common man to comprehend. Judicial and administrative authorities need to be guided on the nature of cases entertained as well as be acquainted with the competent courts to seize for such matters. The study therefore has as objectives to dissect the justice system of Cameroon so as to give a clearer view for litigants who desire to have their issues addressed by these judicial organs. In a bid to achieve this objective, the author has adopted a doctrinal methodology consisting of primary and secondary data. At the end of the research, findings shows that though attempts have been made to classify courts in Cameroon, there is still need to adopt a more compressive and facilitative classification so as to give a clearer picture with regards to competence and jurisdiction.

Considerations regarding the evolution of extreme temperatures in the Banat Plain in the last six decades

During cold winter nights we often hear the question "where is the global warming, should it not be warmer?". Low temperatures that can still be recorded in the Banat Plain during winter or media reports of cold waves affecting various regions worldwide seem to the common man to be in total contradiction with the concerns of the scientific community about global warming. With this article we are trying to follow the evolution of some meteorological parameters that can affect the population in one way or another, namely number of tropical days, number of winter days, number of tropical nights, number of frosty nights, absolute maximum and minimum temperatures. Thus, the data obtained from the three national meteorological services (Romanian, Hungarian, and Serbian) operating on the territory of the Banat Plain were grouped in a common database and analyzed both in Excel and with the help of the non-parametric Mann-Kendall test, obtaining a series of conclusions on the evolution of the abovementioned parameters, as well as on the way how the increase in the risk of high temperatures is compensated (or not) by the decrease in the risk of low temperatures.

EVALUATING STUDENTS ENGLISH LANGUAGE-ACQUIRING SKILLS AT DEGREE LEVEL: A LANGUAGE PERSPECTIVE

Teaching English to the students of urban and rural areas is like offering bread and butter for breakfast to a common man who is accustomed to taking a porridge in the morning. The proficiency level in English, of learners in rural areas, is terribly low. A mini survey has been carried out among students to test their English language-acquiring skills like speaking, reading, writing, comprehending and so on. The study investigated the rationale for students’ poor performance in the English Language. Suitable recommendations were made for further improvement of students’ performance in English Language, based on the research.

Cost analysis of oral hypoglycemic agents available in Indian pharmaceutical market

Background: Diabetes mellitus is “A metabolic disorder requiring lifelong medication which further adds to. Cost of the drug pays an important role in adherence and compliance to the treatment. There is a wide variation in prices of oral hypoglycemic drugs available in Indian pharmaceutical market. Aims and Objectives: The study was planned to evaluate cost of oral antidiabetic drugs of various brands currently available in Indian market either as single drug or in combination. Materials and Methods: Cost of antidiabetic medications manufactured by various pharmaceutical companies in the same strength and dosage form was obtained from the price list provided by various pharmaceutical companies in current index of medical specialties April–July 2022. The cost ratio and percentage price variation for each formulation was calculated and analyzed. Results: The highest percentage price variation is seen with Tab. Metformin 809% and lowest with Tab. Glibenclamide 5 mg 46.8% while the highest cost ratio is seen with Tab. Metformin 9.09 and and lowest cost ratio Tab. Glibenclamide 5 mg 1.46. Other oral anti diabetic drugs with percentage price variation and cost ratio are Tab. Gliclazide 30 mg–346.7% and 4.46, Tab. Pioglitazone 15 mg 299% and 3.99, Tab. Voglibose 0.2 mg 352% and 4.52. Conclusion: Our study shows that there is high price variation for oral anti diabetics. It is important to bring awareness about wide variation in prices so that drug cost can be reduced and made affordable to common man which plays major role in compliance of patient.

Evolution of Cholecystectomy-Gall Bladder must be Removed not because it Contains Stones but Forms them

Normally, human bile contains enough chemicals to dissolve the cholesterol excreted by our liver. But if our liver excretes more cholesterol than the bile can dissolve, the excess cholesterol, too much bilirubin, or not enough bile salts, first form into crystals and eventually turn into stones when stored in the gall bladder. The estimated overall prevalence of cholelithiasis is 10–15% in the general population, with some differences across countries, ethnic and age groups. The good fact is most of the gall stone patients are asymptomatic. The prevalence of gall stones is around 6% of the total population in India, with a clear predominance among females with 10% and 3% in men. In India among 808 million adult population 81 million will suffer Cholelithiasis every year and a conservative 1.6 million (2%) of them would need surgery. Among American adults the prevalence of cholelithiasis is about 10% while in Western Europe the prevalence ranges from 5.9% to 21.9%. More than one million Americans are diagnosed with gallstones every year, joining about 38 million who already have the disorder. Cholecystectomy: the surgical resection and removal was and continues to be the permanent solution and the gold standard for the definitive management of symptomatic cholelithiasis. J. L. W Thudichum proposed a two-stage elective cholecystostomy in 1859, In the first stage, the inflamed gall bladder was sewed to the anterior abdominal wall through a small incision, to serve as a route for the removal of gall stone later in the second stage. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) since its inception in 1989 has become the gold standard treatment for gall stone disease. The technique of performing LC has undergone many changes and variations. Several surgeons have tried to reduce the size and number of ports to improve cosmetic and postoperative outcomes and developed their own different versions. The most recent development in technique of LC is single incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) or single site laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SSLC). This review is a consequence of witnessing an elective Cholecystectomy and review of the prevailing cost across the country and health insurance coverage in India. As a public health problem Cholelithiasis can’t be prevented, and Cholecystectomy is needed to 1.6 million Indian adults each year costing a fortune. Currently it cannot be accessed by all, especially the poor and even lower middle socio-economic class. With overall, health insurance coverage of around 30%, that too among urbanites, mainly covered by employers in India is a public health challenge. Ayushman Bharat a national initiative launched on 23rd September 2018, a GOI health assurance initiative adapted by almost all State governments for providing accessible and affordable healthcare to the common man for secondary and tertiary care hospitalization is still in a nascent stage. Methodology: This review is based on an observation of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in a 3-star private hospital on a middle socioeconomic woman, followed by literature review and costs across India by the end of 2022.

A STUDY OF SUSTAINING INTIMACY WITH GOD AS A SYMBOL OF UNCONDITIONAL LOVE IN BY THE RIVER PIEDRA I SAT DOWN AND WEPT

Ever since the creation of Man and consequently evolution of Faith on earth, theologians, philosophers, scholars, writers and common man have been interpreting the reality i.e. God according to their own personal experiences and requirement of the time and age in which they lived. In today’s world, one of the most controversial ideas is the doctrine of faith as true aspirant of God’s love. Many consider that God is their personal legacy and many think that He lives beyond their traditional horizons. This idea about God’s intimacy has caused inter sects and inter religion discourses as well. Nevertheless, one thing has been assured in the selected text that human beings beyond the restriction of race, religion and creed, have been striving to maintain closeness with God and whether interpreted and called in any condition, is always Benevolent and Benign to believers. This research paper attempts to analyze this doctrine and consequently explores its implications, propositions and connotations in Paulo Coelho’s novel By the River Piedra I Sat down and Wept (1999) in the backdrop of new criticism. Close reading technique has been used to analyze the text of the novel. The researchers have tried to find out themes, relations, characters, incidents and ideas and symbols in the text that convey the presence of the idea that God is the symbol of unwavering love and always benign to believes. The study sums up that human faith beyond its religion, social and traditional attachment is the true aspirant of God’s love in all sorts of crises and difficulties and God in spites of various names and connotation associated with Him is always benign and kind to the believers. Keywords: Faith, Believer, Holy Spirit, Divine. Benevolence, Human Efforts, Love, Feminine Face, Benign

“GRIEF AND RESILIENCE LIVE TOGETHER”: AN ASSESSMENT OF ARTHUR MILLER’S DEATH OF A SALESMAN

The present study was carried out to assess Mrs. Obama’s assertion, “grief and resilience live together”, in Miller’s tragedy, Death of a Salesman, from the theoretical perspectives of Marxism and Psychoanalysis. Using a qualitative content analysis, the paper finds that even though the protagonist meets his tragic end through his sufferings and disillusion, he displays unparalleled courage, resilience and optimism, as a common man, in a battle with the capitalist society. The paper affirms the afore-said statement and limns the defects of capitalism and its consequences on its victims – more so their psyche and mental state. With this paper, the researchers seek to expose the ills of capitalism and its devastating effects on the working-class members of the society.

Analytical Study of Qur’anic Ideologies: Applications toward Forgiveness and Justice for Survival of Humanity

This paper presents the importance and role of Quranic theories of forgiveness and justice for the social welfare of mankind. It is a general observation that intolerance in the behavior of the common man-caused uneasiness in society which resulted in social disputes. In such circumstances, the Holy Quran advises practicing forgiveness while dealing with others. Whereas in critical matters, the Holy Quran emphasizes justice, injustice in society resulted in very bad impacts like rebellions and distrust of social institutions. In this case, the Holy Quran stressed justice and promised to bestow (those who are appointed for justice) with huge rewards in the life hereafter. For the survival of humanity, forgiveness and justice are two basic elements. This paper deals with the various social situations in which the Holy Quran suggests forgiving or orders to do justice. The role of forgiveness and justice and the relationship between forgiveness and justice in the light of Quranic teachings are presented briefly.

Figures of Reality: Vision and Imagery in Niyi Osundare’s Poetry

The international stature and renown of Niyi Osundare as a poet is due in part to the fact that his restless creative impetus is engaged with the existential predicament of the common man, and partly also because of his reliance on imagery as a veritable artistic form for the definition and exploration of his themes. This paper examines Osundare’s poetic imagery from the standpoint of its imaginative and thematic values. It argues that Osundare’s imagery not only embodies the poet’s vision of his society, but is also central to his technique. The paper also examines the themes that have generally exercised Osundare’s image-making faculty, and how he uses imagery to amplify or illustrate those themes.

Effectiveness of Public Complaints Commission As Alternative Dispute Resolution Mechanism In Nigeria

The institution of ombudsman has become a global phenomenon, permanent and inevitable in the political system. Some administrative agencies in Nigeria are becoming aware of the important role the institution is playing and have therefore developed interest in the institution by according it some degree of cooperation. The study investigate the effectiveness of Public Complaints Commission as Alternative Dispute Resolution mechanism in Nigeria. Both quantitative and qualitative research design were adopted which relied on the administration of questionnaire to elicit information. The findings shows that the commission has recorded great achievements since inception such as decongestion of courts, checks against jungle justice, defender of common man’s rights among others. Despite these laudable impacts, the study revealed that the relevance of the commission is being challenged by a number of threats such as structural deficiency, poor funding and shortage of qualitative manpower to mention a few. The study concluded by recommending employment of qualified manpower, financial autonomy and political neutrality of the commission. The commission will only be effective in its constitutional roles when the act that established it is amended to remove all unnecessary restrictions from the power of the commission.

Inaugural Address

Ladies and Gentlemen: The 18th Annual General Meeting of the Pakistan Society of Development Economists (PSDE) is taking place at an opportune time. The country has witnessed a smooth transition to democracy. There is now an elected government in place, fully charged with enthusiasm to improve the life of the common man by building a strong and vibrant economy. While we are in the process of finalising our economic agenda for the next five years, we would certainly welcome suggestions for improving the country’s economy from this august gathering. Knowledge is not the exclusive wisdom of the people at the helm of affairs. Some of the best brains in economics and other social sciences are participating in this conference and will be deliberating on various aspects of Pakistan’s economy for the next three days. I shall be looking forward to receiving their recommendations.

Real-Time Condition Monitoring of Multi-Component High Torque Helical Gearbox in Coal Handling Belt Conveyor System Using Machine Learning – A Statistical Approach

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Gears are important machine elements that transfer motion by the meshing of teeth. In this modern era gearbox has become an essential component in industry as well common man day to day life. In most of the industrial conditions gear boxes are subjected to continuous operation, which in many cases evades the maintenance activities. In such scenario the gear box may experience an unexpected failure, which will lead to shut down of the specific unit. Considering the significance of the gearbox, condition monitoring of gear box becomes essential. The helical gear box consists vital components like, helical gears of different ratios, bearing, shaft, gear shifting rod, plumber block etc. But the component which is prone to frequent failure must be prioritized and condition monitored, to ensure a continuous operation of the gearbox. That gives a scope for classification problem using machine learning algorithms. An experimental set was fabricated, and the vibration signals are acquired using a accelerometer sensor for the various faulty conditions like helical gear running in Good Condition (GC), Helical Gear with Tooth Crack Condition, (TCC), gear in Scuffed Condition (SC) combination of both in good condition (GC) and Scuffed Condition (SC). The signal acquisition system acquires the vibration signal under these conditions and fed into machine learning algorithms Naive Bayes and Support vector Machine (SVM). The Training Accuracy of signals of all three Sets under different Load conditions were acquired and accuracy of Naive Bayes was found to be around 92% which is far superior than any SVM Algorithm</div></div>

CONTEMPORARY ART OF THE PUPPET THEATER IN THE CONTEXT OF THE NATIONAL CULTURE OF KAZAKHSTAN

The author of the article considers the question of understanding the role of keeping alive and embodying national traditions in the modern theatrical space (on the example of the play "Er Tostik" of K. Yezhembek, staged by K. Eshmuratova). The analysis of the play "Er Tostik" is presented from the point of view of using a new range of expressive means and introducing modern genres of musical art as an original directorial solution. The purpose of this article is to study the contemporary art of the puppet theater in the context of the national culture of Kazakhstan.
 In modern conditions of social development, when the whole world is on the verge of two times – two millennia: the second millennium is coming to an end and the third millennium is about to begin, due to objective and subjective reasons, among the urgent problems of the present, problems concerning not only the economic and political sphere, social development, but also no less an important one is the spiritual sphere. It is not for nothing that the processes that we can observe in our time with all the brightness and acuteness illuminate a wide range of problems in the field of spiritual culture of the country.
 One of the topical issues of the spiritual development of modern Kazakh society is keeping alive the national traditions and values. And this topic became the key for the state project "Tugan Zher", developed on the initiative of the First President Nursultan Nazarbayev. The deep essence of the goal-setting of the presented state project is the formation of the cultural code of the nation, without which it is impossible to solve the tasks of strengthening national unity, developing human capital and civil society.
 The formation of cultural codes is the core of the formation of cultural identity, which as you know should be formed starting from an early age, in the so-called sensitive period of personality development. It is obvious that puppet theater as an artistic phenomenon is in this sense one of the most effective forms of art. It is no coincidence that researcher E.Y. Romanovsky emphasizes that "the national is inherent in the very nature of the puppet theater. We can say that this theater has always had regional specifics or sought to express through the universal, some unique qualities of culture."
 The modern Kazakh puppet theater, like society, is going through an age of active restructuring, when old norms and ideas fade into oblivion, revealing the way to a new methodology, a synergetic scientific approach. Today we can see how the puppet theater of the XXI century performs the functions of a research laboratory, diagnostics of public sentiment, a forecaster of the social future and a creative space for the formation of national values of a new generation.
 Characterizing the repertoire policy of the modern Kazakh puppet theater it can be noted that, perhaps, the main goal of a particular collective is the opportunity to vividly reflect not only the peculiarities of the national identity of culture, but also to highlight the most important ideas and problems of modernity in their work. In the performances that define the face of the theater, attention is paid to the multidimensionality of Kazakh culture, the spiritual world of the contemporary, reflecting the problems of the common man.

The Essential Writings of Vannevar Bush edited by G. Pascal Zachary

<i>The Essential Writings of Vannevar Bush</i> edited by G. Pascal Zachary

Sanga Tamil in Visual Media

Media has the power to make huge changes in society. People trust the media to the extent that they define food, clothing, culture, lifestyle through the media and especially the power of visual media such as film, television, advertisements, and the Internet which cannot be explained in words plays a major role in people’s day-to-day life. Today media rules the whole world and it also led to the formation and overthrow of regimes in many countries. Through media even the opinion of a common man in a corner of the world is spread to all. When we look into telecasted television stories we can come to know that there are many story treasures that are poured in Tamil and English literature. It is a real fact that if we telecast the story of Sangam literary works in to Tamil cinema, the quality of Tamil cinema will be more refined than that of world cinema and it will become stronger.

TEACHING AND PREACHING IN THE FIRST PRINTED SHORT NOVEL (‘POVEST’) BY NIKOLAI GOGOL (“BISAVRYUK, OR THE EVENING ON THE EVE OF IVAN KUPALA”, 1830)

One of the “key” works of Gogol's heritage is analyzed ― the first prose work that appeared in print, the short novel (‘povest’) “Bisavryuk, or The Evening on the Eve of Ivan Kupala” (1830). Gogol’s literary debut in prose is a key work in the sense that it opens the door to understanding the writer’s subsequent work. Based on numerous facts, it is established that since his very first steps in literature, Gogol played the role of a conscious spiritual mentor and preacher. His first prose work (Gogol began as the author of the poems “Italy” and “Gantz Kuchelgarten”) is a sort of literary ekphrasis, which is centered around the theme of spiritual discipline. The short novel (‘povest’) is “theology in images,” and the clergyman, a representative of the common man’s milieu, a rural deacon (church reader, psalm reader), on whose behalf the story is narrated, becomes the author’s alter ego. For the first time, an analytical comparison of two editions of “Evening on the Eve of Ivan Kupala” was undertaken: the original journal version on one side and the subsequent one included in the “Evenings on a Farm near Dikanka” collection (the first edition of the short novel (‘povest’) was called “Bisavryuk, or Evening on the Eve of Ivan Kupala”; in the second, Gogol dropped the beginning of the title, leaving only the second part, “Evening on the Eve of Ivan Kupala”). The comparison shows that the first edition is more frank in expressing the religious views of the author than the second one. In the second edition, Gogol tempered the excessive edification and categorical nature of the original version. It is emphasized that as early as in this short novel (‘povest’), Gogol separates himself from superstitions and “childish prejudices” inherent in popular consciousness and focuses his talent on exposing those phenomena that have survived in the public, folk life from the pagan era. As a faithful ethnographer, a deep connoisseur of folk psychology and folklore, in the first short novel (‘povest’), contrary to the widespread interpretations of his work in radical criticism, the writer already appears not only as an original writer of everyday life, but also an astute thinker and theologian, like his predecessor, St. Tikhon of Zadonsk. From the first “Little Russian” short novel (‘povest’) one can guess many features of the future creator of “Dead Souls”, “Selected Passages from Correspondence with Friends”, and “Reflections on the Divine Liturgy”.

Design &amp; development of a prototype of the layman’s air-cooler

This paper deals with the design &amp; development of a prototype of the layman’s air-cooler. In summer seasons, we require cold water and cooled air because of scorching temperature. Modern appliances fulfilling these requirements need high power and are costly. So, we propose modified simple air cooler, which is portable and is low maintenance machine. Air cooler is one of the major consumers of electrical energy in many parts of the world today. Air cooler causes energy shortage for example in China. The demand can be expected to increase because of changing working times increased comfort expectations and global warming. Air conditioners are pretty expensive themselves and adding to them their power bills makes it out of reach for most common man. So opting for an air cooler is probably one solution which not only is cheaper as an appliance, but also uses lower power than conventional air conditioners. The work presented here is the mini-project work of the second semester engineering students of electronics &amp; communication engineering department of Dayananda Sagar College of Engg., Bangalore, Karnataka