Common Cause Of Abnormal Bleeding Research Articles

DIAGNOSTIC ROLE OF PLATELET INDICES IN PATIENTS WITH THROMBOCYTOPENIA

Introduction: Thrombocytopenia is the most common cause of abnormal bleeding and can result from Hyper destruction of platelets, Hypoproduction of platelets and Abnormal platelet pooling. The aim of this study was to evaluate role of platelet indices (MPV, PDW, PCT) in diagnosing various causes of thrombocytopenia. In this observational analytic study 600 st Methodology: udy samples were divided into two groups: 300 cases diagnosed as thrombocytopenia (1.5 lakhs /microliter) and 300 healthy control. Cases of thrombocytopenia were further classied in 3 categories depending upon the predominant mechanism of thrombocytopenia. Statistical Analysis: Mean and SD of platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW) and plateletcrit (PCT) in each group was calculated and compared among groups using unpaired T- test. Out of 300 cases of Thrombocytopenia, Group A constituted 224 cas Results: es (75%) due to hyper destruction of platelets, Group B constituted 72 cases (24%) due to hypoproduction of platelets and Group C constituted 4 cases (1%) of Thrombocytopenia due to abnormal pooling of platelets. On comparing mean MPV and PDW values among groups, the MPV and PDW of hyper destructive thrombocytopenia was found to be higher than mean MPV and PDW of hypo productive thrombocytopenia as well as control group. The mean PCT of hyper destructive group was higher than that of hypo productive group. Combined interpretati Conclusion: on of platelet count and platelet indices are of signicant discriminating value in differentiating various causes of thrombocytopenia thus their standardized measures can signicantly increase its utility in diagnosis and understanding mechanism of various clinical condition

HYSTEROSCOPIC MYOMECTOMY.

Leiomyomas are the most common pelvic tumors. Submucosal fibroids are a common cause of abnormal bleeding and infertility. Hysteroscopic myomectomy is the definitive management of symptomatic submucosal fibroids, with high efficacy and safety. Several techniques have been introduced over time and will be covered in depth in this manuscript. Advances in optics, fluid management, electrosurgery, smaller diameter scopes, and tissue removal systems, along with improved training have contributed to improving the safety and efficiency of hysteroscopic myomectomy.

HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF ENDOMETRIALBIOPSIES IN ABNORMAL UTERINE BLEEDING

Introduction: Excessive and painful bleeding from uterus is a common cause for distress among menstruating women, perimenopausal as well as post-menopausal. There are innumerable causes for abnormal bleeding from uterus. We carried out a retrospective study to enumerate the causes of abnormal uterine bleeding. Materials And Methods: Consecutive 200 slides of endometrial biopsies done for abnormal uterine bleeding were evaluated over a period of two years between June 2019 to May 2021. The slides were stained with haematoxylin and eosin stain. All the slides were evaluated, examined and reported by two experienced pathologists. The results were tabulated depending upon the age and diagnosis. Results: Commonest age group noted for abnormal uterine bleeding was between 41-50yrs. Disordered proliferative phase was the commonest (16%) functional cause of abnormal bleeding and diagnosis. The most common organic cause of abnormal bleeding was simple endometrial hyperplasia without atypia (28%). Endometrial carcinoma was diagnosed in 2 cases above 50yrs. Conclusion: Simple endometrial hyperplasiawas the most common cause of abnormal bleeding from uterus in our series. Atypical hyperplasia or endometrial carcinoma should be ruled out in post-menopausal age group.

A Study to Evaluate Use of Platelet Indices in Hyperdestructive Thrombocytopenia: A Two-year Experience from Tertiary Care Rural Hospital

Background: Thrombocytopenia is one of the most common causes of abnormal bleeding and is defined as platelet counts < 1.5 lakhs/cumm. Three processes can cause thrombocytopenia, namely: Deficient platelet production, accelerated platelet destruction, and abnormal pooling of the platelets within the body. Of these, accelerated platelet destruction is the most common cause for thrombocytopenia and has variety of etiologies. The usefulness of bone marrow analysis in assessing accelerated platelet destruction is still debated. Therefore, a new simple and non-invasive diagnostic approach for thrombocytopenia is needed. Aims and Objectives: The present study was done with an aim to evaluate the use of platelet indices, namely, mean platelet volume (MPV), Platelet Distribution Width (PDW), and Platelet Large Cell Ratio (P-LCR) in differentiating the various causes of hyperdestructive thrombocytopenia. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study conducted over a period of 2 years and consisted of 206 cases of hyperdestructive thrombocytopenia. After recording relevant clinical details, platelet count along with platelet indices – MPV, PDW, and P-LCR was recorded. Based on the etiopathology identified, cases were categorized into three groups: Group I: Immunologic – cases of Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), Group II: Non-immune: Cases of sepsis and other non-immune causes of platelet destruction, and Group III: Viral and parasitic infections. Platelet indices were compared between the study groups and the control group which included 100 healthy individuals. Comparison was done among the three study groups as well. Results & Conclusions: Dengue accounted for the highest number of 131 (89.72%) cases in the study. MPV, PDW, and P-LCR were significantly higher (P < 0.0001) when compared to the healthy controls except P-LCR in Group II. A statistically significant increase in MPV was noted among ITP cases when compared to other causes of thrombocytopenia. There wa

Clinicopathological overview of thrombocytopenia: A retrospective study in tertiary care hospital

Introduction: Thrombocytopenia is not a disease itself, but a subnormal number of platelets in blood and is one of the most common causes of abnormal bleeding. The patient with thrombocytopenia often presents diagnostic and management challenges. The differential diagnosis is broad because the disorders leading to thrombocytopenia are diverse, with failed production at one extreme and the accelerated destruction at the other. Aims and Objective: To highlight and diagnose thrombocytopenia and investigate the cause of thrombocytopenia in our tertiary care center. Materials and Methods: The present study is retrospective, cross sectional study done on screened 389 thrombocytopenia patients which were came to our hematology lab. All patients of proved thrombocytopenia patients were included in the study over a period of 3 years from May 2013 to April 2016. Pseudo-thrombocytopenia patients were excluded from the study. All these patients were investigated in a systemic manner, causes of thrombocytopenia were ascertained and data was analyzed. Results: The most common affected age group of thrombocytopenia was 3rd decades and 2nd decades respectively with male predominance. The most common cause of thrombocytopenia is anemia, infection, spleenomegaly and alcoholism. Dimorphic anemia, malaria and HIV are the most etiology of anemia and infection respectively. Conclusion: Thrombocytopenia is root cause of abnormal bleeding in many cases. Importance of early and prompt diagnosis of thrombocytopenia is always warranted as treatment differs depending upon the etiology. Thrombocytopenia is multifactorial and a finding that may result from various diseases and clinicopathological approach is important in these cases. Keywords: Thrombocytopenia, Platelets, Etiology, Multifactorial, Clinicopathological.

Clinical Profile of Febrile Thrombocytopenia: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Thrombocytopenia is the most common cause of abnormal bleeding. Thrombocytopenia develops when there is profound disequilibrium in the balance between platelet production, distribution and destruction. More than one component may be affected in some disorder. Aim: To evaluate clinical profile, etiological profile and outcome of febrile thrombocytopenia and to determine the relationship between platelet count and the occurrence and severity of bleeding Materials and Methods: 393 patients, aged more than 12 years, presented with febrile thrombocytopenia were observed for occurrence of bleeding manifestations, investigated in detail and treated symptomatically and specifically after definite diagnosis. Results: Age and Sex distribution: Febrile thrombocytopenia affects all age groups but was more common in 12-30 years age group (62.34%).Male (69.97%) outnumbered Female (30.07%) in this study. Its incidence increased 71.24% during the month of September to December, 2015. Etiology of disease: Dengue fever (55.98%), Malaria (25.95%) were the common etiologies of febrile thrombocytopenia in present study. Platelet count and bleeding manifestations: 45.29% patients with platelet count >50000/mm3 mild thrombocytopenia); 38.17% with platelet count 20000-50000/mm3 (moderate thrombocytopenia) and 16.54% with platelet count less than 20000/mm3 (severe thrombocytopenia) were recorded. Bleeding manifestations were recorded in 98.46%, 54%, 17.97% cases of severe, moderate and mild thrombocytopenia respectively. Outcome: 94.15% patients had good recovery. Conclusion: Risk of bleeding increase when platelet count decreases below 20000.There was no absolute relationship between platelet count and severity of bleeding.

Menstrual Disorders

Menstrual Disorders