Commercial Profit Research Articles

Historical Real Estate: Market Morality and the Politics of Preservation in the Early United States

Historical Real Estate: Market Morality and the Politics of Preservation in the Early United States

Retrospective chart review of melanoma outcomes in non-Hispanic black patients and case-matched non-Hispanic white patients.

Retrospective chart review of melanoma outcomes in non-Hispanic black patients and case-matched non-Hispanic white patients.

Short nylon tire cord and gamma irradiation impact on SBR/ultrasonic and mechanochemical devulcanized rubber blends

Abstract Devulcanization of discarded tire rubber (WR) has remained of prior attention to numerous researchers, aiming for unlimited commercial profits upon modification, especially to serve as a substituent for virgin rubber. In this concern, composites of styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) and devulcanized waste rubber, developed via two techniques: mechanochemical (DRm) and ultrasonic (DRus), and reinforced with short nylon tire cord (SNF), namely at a filling ratio of 3 and 5 phr were fabricated. All prepared specimens were exposed to various gamma radiation doses, namely 50, 100, and 150 kGy. The post-radiation characterization was investigated by FTIR and SEM techniques. Radiation-induced crosslinking density of the polymer composites was calculated and correlated with the different mechanical features. Furthermore, the TGA technique and activation energy measurement were implemented in studying the thermal behavior of the products. Incorporation of 5 phr SNF set out the thermal stability order: SBR/DRm/5 SNF > SBR/DRus/5 SNF > SBR/5 SNF. Ionizing irradiation of all composite–SNF formulations derived to a marked improvement in TS data as a result of creating further crosslinking within the polymeric matrix, reaching a maximum by the integral dose 150 kGy. The results were appreciably compared to a recently published study that applied reinforced tire fiber with polyester, as another cord utilized in the manufacture of tires. It is found that TS data observed by irradiation with 150 kGy of SBR/3 SNF, SBR/DRm/3 SNF, and SBR/DRus/3 SNF are respectively as follows: 3.7, 2.5, and 2.4 MPa, whereas the corresponding reported values for PTC reinforced counterpart blends were: 2, 1.7 and 1.8 MPa. Similarly, the TS respective values of SBR/5 SNF, SBR/DRm/5 SNF and SBR/DRus are 2.5, 1.9, and 2.2 MPa, whereas their counterparts reinforced with 5 phr PTC recorded 1.6, 1.8, and 1.2 MPa. SNF-reinforced SBR, SBR/DRm, and SBR/DRus were superior in their properties to PTC-reinforced counterpart specimens.

Selling Clinical Biospecimens: Guidance for Researchers and Private Industry.

The recently revised Common Rule requires that donors of biospecimens for research be informed if their specimens might be used for commercial profit. The Common Rule, however, does not apply to sharing or selling de-identified biospecimens that are "leftover" from clinical uses. As a result, many medical researchers remain uncertain of their legal and ethical obligations when a commercial entity expresses interest in these specimens.

Richard Hakluyt’s “Diverse Voyages” (1582) and England’s Search for the Northwest Passage

In this article the author focuses on the first English compendium of information about the Americas and voyages in the North Atlantic, published by Richard Hakluyt in 1582. Unlike his major work, “The Principall Navigations, Voiages and Discoveries of the English Nation”, Hakluyt's earlier publishing project received little attention in academic literature. His “Diverse Voyages” has been interpreted by modern scholars as part of a propaganda campaign in favour of the establishment of English colonial settlements in North America. However, an analysis of all the texts selected by Hakluyt, the way they are organised, the author's comments and references to sources, shows that at that stage his main interest was the quest for the Northwest Passage to China and India. This global political project was designed to generate commercial profit and strengthen England's position in competition with the leading maritime empires of the era, Spain and Portugal. By presenting to the world the totality of English achievements in the exploration of the northern hemisphere, Hakluyt's first publication was instrumental in promoting English maritime expansion and in shaping English national identity. At the same time, Hakluyt's compendium, the first English adaptation of this particular form of scientific literature, marked an important stage in the development of geographical knowledge of the world, particularly of the New World, and in the evolution of the compiler's own views on polar voyages across the Atlantic.

The Role of Financial Ratios in Predicting Return on Equity of Commercial Banks

The explanatory power of the bank specific financial ratios on return on equity of the joint venture commercial banks operated in Nepal has been examined by using the database of 15 years from 2005/06 to 2019/20. The descriptive and correlational research design have been adopted for the study. The explanatory financial ratios used for the study includes capital adequacy, non-performing loan to total loan, net interest to total assets ratio, deposit to total assets ratio, and investment to total assets ratio. Statistical tools such as descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and the regression analysis have been used as the major tools of data analysis. The results revealed that capital adequacy ratio, net interest to assets ratio and investment to assets ratio have the significant positive impact on commercial banks profitability. In contrast, non-preforming loan to total loan has the significant negative impact on banks' profitability whereas, deposit to total assets ratio has no significant impact on commercial banks' profitability.

The Impact of Bank-Specific and Macroeconomic Variables on Commercial Banks Profitability in Nepal

This study aims to evaluate the impact of bank-specific and macroeconomic variables on commercial banks' profitability in Nepal. The study uses panel data of twenty-four commercial banks from 2011/12 to 2019/20. The study finds that bank-specific variables such as capital adequacy ratio, non-performing loan, and Cost of funds negatively affect banks' profitability (ROA and ROE). In contrast, interest rate spread, total investment to total asset, and net interest income to total asset have a positive effect. Regarding macroeconomic variables, gross domestic product (GDP)positively impacts banks' performance, while inflation (INF) has a negative impact. The study concludes that the macroeconomic variable INF is the primary determinant of banks' profitability because it also adversely influences GDP.

BPPIR: Blockchain-assisted privacy-preserving similarity image retrieval over multiple clouds

With the progress of the times and the development of electronic products, more and more images are captured and stored on multiple cloud servers, which are more likely to exhibit dishonesty because of interdependence rather than semi-honesty and thus how to achieve search over multiple clouds becomes intractable. Moreover, most of the existing research works on content-based image retrieval so far do not consider dishonest clouds and thereby do not support multi-cloud retrieval. On the one hand, a central search server is generally introduced for the convenience of retrieval in the system with multiple cloud servers. However, the central search server may return false or incomplete search results for possible commercial profit, which reduces the retrieval accuracy. On the other hand, cloud servers may destroy the image integrity by deleting or tampering images to save computing and bandwidth resources, resulting in the loss of important information for the image owner and incorrect decryption of the image for the user. In order to address these two problems, we propose a blockchain-assisted privacy-protected similarity image retrieval in the multiple cloud environment, which can not only ensure the accuracy of the retrieval results, but also can verify the integrity of images. The performance of this scheme is evaluated on a real-world dataset, and the results show the high retrieval precision and efficiency of this scheme.

Investigating Banking Profitability: Evidence from Commercial Banks in Emerging Country

We empirically analyse the determinants of commercial banking profitability in Indonesia for the period 2014-2018. We contribute to the growing literature in practical ways, first we propose suggestion to the business of the commercial banking sector in Indonesia, especially in decision-making of financial condition, in order to maximize the performance of the company and shareholders, so that the banking company's shares can continue to survive and have large returns. Also, it is expected to provide insight and knowledge about the extent to which the relationship between the banking sound’s level variable and its Profitability. The sample in this study amounted to 17 banking companies. This study uses purposive sampling method and we apply multiple linear regression approach with SPSS. We found that credit portfolio quality has a negative and significant effect on profitability, bank solvency has a positive and significant effect on profitability, interest level has a positive and insignificant effect on profitability. Efficiency ratio has a negative and insignificant effect on profitability, and liquidity has a positive and insignificant effect on profitability.
 
 Keywords: bank profitability, emerging economy, credit quality, solvency, interest margin, efficiency

Feasibility Analysis of The Establishing Mosul Tourist Park Project

The tourism sector is one of the basic sectors of the economy of any country because it achieves economic and social benefits and achieves important goals. The (Al-Mosul Tourist Park) project is one of the tourism projects that have been feasibility study for it, as it seeks to create multiple groups and a variety of purposes and tasks. The total area of ​​the project is ( 62500 square meters equivalent to 25 dunums) and with an invested capital of (26,200) million dinars (ie twenty-six billion and two hundred million Iraqi dinars), the project is located in the forest area in the city of Mosul near the third bridge in the left of the city, as the study aims to: Establishing an integrated project as much as possible that serves the city and contributes to its development in several respects, in addition to providing entertainment facilities in it; That is to find out whether the establishment of this project will achieve economic feasibility or not? The problem of the study is also focused on the enormity and breadth of the project, as it needs a lot of data and information, and obtaining it requires consulting many experienced people with different specializations, which requires great effort during the feasibility study. The study relied on descriptive and analytical approaches by collecting information in the field and then analyzing it according to the criteria for studying the feasibility of economic projects. The study reached conclusions, the most important of which is that the project achieves economic feasibility from the point of view of commercial profitability criteria, whether it uses current value transactions in its accounts or not using these transactions. The study suggested that it is possible to establish the project as it achieves financial feasibility (achieving good returns for the investor) and from an environmental point of view by adding it aesthetically and from an economic point of view by adding a project at the regional and national levels and increasing the urban and urban development in the country and providing it with new job opportunities.

Fiscal Correction Analysis Of Profit And Loss Reports In Determining Corporate Income Tax At CV Karya Bhakti Sentosa

CV Karya Bhakti Sentosa is a company engaged in the procurement and service provider industry. As a company that is obligated to pay taxes, CV Karya Bhakti Sentosa prepares commercial financial reports as the basis for calculating taxable profits and does not make fiscal corrections in accordance with the Tax Law. Fiscal corrections are corrections made due to differences in the treatment of income and expenses that differ between accounting standards and applicable tax regulations. The purpose of this study is to make and analyze fiscal corrections on income statements in determining corporate income tax at CV Karya Bhakti Sentosa. The research method used in this study is descriptive qualitative method, with data collection methods carried out by interviews and documentation. The results of this study are the company's fiscal profit of Rp. 807,100,774.00, an increase of Rp. 3,404,975.00 from the company's commercial profit which causes the company to have a difference in the payable income tax that the company has deposited in the amount of Rp. 619,954.00 underpaid.

Financial Risks and Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya

Due to their erratic financial performance and failure to honour shareholder promises, the Kenyan central bank has formally placed a few commercial banks under receivership. Although commercial banks constantly use thorough risk management procedures, the banking industry nonetheless suffers losses. This results from the banking industry's exposure to risks related to liquidity, credit, interest rates, and foreign exchange rates. The purpose of this research was, thus, to assess the impact of credit, interest rate, and foreign currency rate risks on the return on equity of Kenyan commercial banks. The research study examined how financial risks affect Kenya's commercial banks' profits. The study was founded on agency theory and reinforced by international Fischer's affect theory, liquidity preference theory, and interest rate parity. This study employed a causal analysis approach. The participants in this study comprised all of the 39 commercial banks operating in Kenya between 2017 and 2021. The data collecting sheet was used to compile the secondary data. STATA was used to analyse the data using a panel regression model at a 95% level of significance. Tests for multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity, and normalcy as well as the Hausman test were established. Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation and both the minimum and maximum were used to present the data. The study established that while credit risk had a significant negative impact on commercial banks' performance, liquidity risk had a significant positive benefit. Furthermore, exchange risk improved commercial banks' bottom lines, however, this benefit was not statistically significant. Finally, interest rate risk impacted commercial banks' bottom lines negatively but not statistically significantly. According to the study's findings, commercial bank management should be cautious when lending money to new clients and should evaluate existing customers' credit histories before extending credit. To support failing banks, the report suggested that the government and the Central Bank of Kenya increase the minimum liquidity ratio required by law. The government bank should keep a close eye on commercial banks' liquidity ratios to alert any that are having trouble meeting the minimum statutory requirement. Keywords: Financial Risks, credit risk, liquidity risk, exchange rate risk, interest rate risk, financial performance

Bayesian evaluation of the effect of non-genetic factors on the phenomics for quality-related milk nutrients and yield in Murciano-Granadina goats.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of non-genetic factors on the variability of milk production and composition using Bayesian linear regression. We analyzed 2594 milk records from 159 dairy goats from the breeding nucleus of the Murciano-Granadina breed. Bayesian linear regression was used to determine the effects of non-genetic factors on the phenomics for quality-related milk nutrients and yield. Multivariate regression model significantly explained 21.5%, 40.0%, 41.5%, 44.3%, 44.6%, and 47.5% of the variability in somatic cell count (SCC, sc/mL), lactose (%), protein (%), milk yield (kg), fat (%), and dry matter (%), respectively. Although the aforementioned factor combination significantly conditions milk production and composition, SCC may be particularly affected by collateral factors. Milking routine and drying period factors are reference predictors to be considered in the evaluation of milk production and composition progression. Drying period extensions positively repercussed on milk yield and lactose content, but negatively affected fat, protein, dry matter contents, and somatic cell count. Variability across drying years may depend on the drying season rather than the drying month course, except for milk yield, for which an increasing trend was reported from winter to summer. Including drying period-related non-genetic factors in genetic evaluations improves the accuracy of the regression models and permits to boost the commercial possibilities and profitability of local breeds.

Misinformation and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy

BackgroundCOVID-19 vaccine hesitancy has emerged as a major public health challenge. Although medical and scientific misinformation has been known to fuel vaccine hesitancy in the past, misinformation surrounding COVID-19 seems to be rampant, and increasing evidence suggests that it is contributing to COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy today. The relationship between misinformation and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is complex, however, and it is relatively understudied. MethodsIn this article, we report qualitative data from two related but distinct studies from a larger project. Study 1 included semi-structured, open-ended interviews conducted in October–November 2020 via phone with 30 participants to investigate the relationship between misinformation and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Study 1′s results then informed the design of open-ended questions for Study 2, an online survey conducted in May–June 2021 to consider the relationship between misinformation and vaccine hesitancy further. The data were examined with thematic analysis. ResultsStudy 1 led to the identification of positive and negative themes related to attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines. In Study 2, responses from vaccine-hesitant participants included six categories of misinformation: medical, scientific, political, media, religious, and technological. Across both Study 1 and Study 2, six vaccine hesitancy themes were identified from the data: concerns about the vaccines’ future effects, doubts about the vaccines’ effectiveness, commercial profiteering, preference for natural immunity, personal freedom, and COVID-19 denial. ConclusionsThe relationship between misinformation and vaccine hesitancy is complicated. Various types of misinformation exist, with each related to a specific type of vaccine hesitancy-related attitude. Personal freedom and COVID-19 denial are vaccine attitudes of particular interest, representing important yet understudied phenomena. Medical and scientific approaches may not be sufficient to combat misinformation based in religion, media, or politics; and public health officials may benefit from partnering with experts from those fields to address harmful misinformation that is driving COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.

Examining four types of anti-vaccination attitudes prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

People hold different anti-vaccination attitudes. Having an understanding of how these attitudes have changed prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic is critical for combatting anti-vaccination attitudes and increasing vaccine intention and uptake. Data were collected from different samples in the United States at three time points prior to (n = 840) and four time points during (n = 1543) the pandemic. All participants completed a multi-dimensional measure of anti-vaccination attitudes (VAX Scale) through an online platform. Results showed that, when it comes to vaccines, worries about unforeseen side effects, concerns about commercial profiteering, and preference for natural immunity were higher during the COVID-19 pandemic than they were prior to it. However, mistrust of vaccine benefit was lower during the COVID-19 pandemic than prior to it. These differences were found even after controlling for the potential effects of participant sex, education, socioeconomic status, age, and race/ethnicity. Additionally, worries about unforeseen side effects, concerns about commercial profiteering, and preference for natural immunity increased linearly alongside the persistence of COVID-19; whereas, mistrust of vaccine benefit showed no change. Although it might be intuitive to emphasize vaccines' effectiveness to increase uptake, the public's trust in vaccine effectiveness did not appear to be the major concern. Thus, public health efforts to increase uptake of vaccines should also focus on reducing concerns about potential side effects from the vaccine, tempering the attention on financial benefits to pharmaceutical companies, and rebuffing the overreliance on natural immunity.

Science, Medicine, and the Anesthesiologist

Science, Medicine, and the Anesthesiologist

Integrating Genome-Wide Association Study with RNA-Sequencing Reveals HDAC9 as a Candidate GeneInfluencing Loin Muscle Area in Beijing Black Pigs.

Loin muscle area (LMA) is an important meat production trait and plays a key role in determining carcass leanness. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis were used to identify candidate LMA genes in Beijing Black pigs, a popular breed among consumers in northern China. Ten single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in sus scrofa chromosome (SSC) 9 were significantly associated with LMA. These SNPs were mapped to a 2.90 Mb (84.94-87.84 Mb) region. A total of 11 annotated genes were mapped on this region, namely MEOX2, CRPPA, SOSTDC1, LRRC72, ANKMY2, BZW2, TSPAN13, AGR2, AHR, SNX13, and HDAC9. In addition, RNA-seq analysis was performed between the high- and low-LMA groups, and 329 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Further, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis based on DEGs revealed that the JAK/STAT signaling pathway and oxytocin signaling pathway may be responsible for LMA. Both GWAS and RNA-seq analysis identified the HDAC9 gene, indicating that it may be an important candidate gene affecting LMA in Beijing Black pigs. The findings provide valuable molecular insights into the mechanisms that influence LMA content in pigs, which can be utilized in targeted approaches to enhance meat quality and commercial profitability.

Impact of Interest Income and Joint Income from Commission, Fee, and Discount on Nepalese Commercial Banks' Net Profit

The role of interest income and fee, commission, and discount income on the net profit of Nepalese commercial banks is investigated in this study. It also tries to find short- and long-term relationships between net profit and interest income, as well as income from fees, commissions, and discounts. The panel data of seven commercial banks are studied to look for correlations between dependent and independent variables from fiscal years 2010/11 to 2019/20. Panel unit root testing, Hausman specification test, fixed effect model, Pedroni (Engle-Granger based) co-integration test, Kao residual co-integration test, and Panel –fully modified least squares methods are used. The fixed-effect model can produce efficient outcomes, according to the Hausman test. The fixed-effect model reveals that interest income is significant in explaining commercial banks' net profit. The long-run connections between net profit and its two determinants, such as interest income and income from fee, commission, and discount income, have been discovered using both Pedroni and Kao's co-integration tests. Similarly, the fully modified least square (FMOLS) panel ensures long-term relationships between variables. Both independent factors have a substantial impact on the net profit of Nepalese commercial banks. Commercial banks' net profit is heavily reliant on the interest income from borrowers. The net profit of commercial banks in Nepal increases by 0.466 units for every unit rise in interest income. As a result, authorities must look for alternative ways to boost net profit since issues might arise if the central bank narrows the difference between the depositary and lending interest rates.

The Individuals’ Willingness to Get the Vaccine for COVID-19 during the Third Wave: A Study on Trust in Mainstream Information Sources, Attitudes and Framing Effect

Different inner and external determinants might explain an individual’s willingness to get the vaccine for COVID-19. The current study aims at evaluating the effects of trust in mainstream information sources on individuals’ willingness to get the vaccine and the moderator role of the message framing. Six hundred and thirty-four participants (68.5% females and 31.5% males) were enrolled in an online survey. Participants filled out a questionnaire assessing: trust in mainstream information sources and vaccinal attitude (trust in vaccine benefit, worries over unforeseen future effects, concerns about commercial profiteering, and preference for natural immunity). In addition, participants were randomly exposed to one of four conditions of framing information about the vaccine (gain-probability; gain-frequency; loss-probability; loss-frequency). Results showed that trust in vaccine benefit (b = 9.90; 95% CI: 8.97, 11.73) and concerns about commercial profiteering (b = −4.70; 95% CI: −6.58, −2.81) had a significant effect on the intention to get the vaccine. Further, a significant interaction was observed between loss-gain and trust in vaccine benefit and between frequency-probability and concerns about commercial profiteering. Future vaccination campaigns should consider the individuals’ concerns about vaccine benefit and economic profits to efficaciously deliver frequency-framed or probability-framed information.

CORONAVIRUS ANXIETY LEVEL AND COVID 19 VACCINE ATTITUDE AMONG HEMATOLOGICAL MALIGNANCY PATIENTS

ObjectiveThe COVID-19 vaccine is the most essential tool for altering the pandemic's trajectory. The pandemic's control is complicated by society's unwillingness to vaccination. The aim of this study was to evaluate the attitudes of patients with hematological malignancies towards vaccination and to determine the relationships between vaccination hesitancy and patient characteristics. The secondary aim was to identify the pandemic-related anxiety level of this patient group and to investigate whether anxiety influences vaccination propensity.MethodologyThis cross-sectional study was conducted with hematological malignancy patients at Hematology Clinic of the Erciyes University Hospital from Kayseri, Turkey, from 1 May 2021 to 1 December 2021. Patients who (1) were 18 years old or older, (2) voluntarily agreed to take part survey, and (3) could understand and perform the questionnaire met the inclusion criteria. 165 patients with hematological malignancies were included. The questionnaire consisted of three parts. The patients' sociodemographic characteristics, such as age, gender, diagnosis, disease and HSCT status, education level, marital status, location of residence were all asked about in the first section of the study. COVID-19 anxiety situation was evaluated with the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS). COVID- 19 vaccine attitude was evaluated with the Vaccine Attitudes Review (VAX) Scale.ResultsThe median age was 48 (18 - 86) years, 61 (37%) of whom were female. Most of the participants (37%) had been diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia and were undergoing chemotherapy. In addition, 21% of patients reported having comorbidities. At the time of the survey, 70% of patients had not been infected with COVID-19, whereas 44% had been vaccinated. The mean CAS score was 2.42 (0 - 17). There were 22 (13%) participants with a mean CAS score of ≥9. Half of the participants had a CAS score of 0. The CAS score was higher in females (p= 0.023). Similarly, it was significantly higher in patients who were not in remission for hematological malignancy and who received active chemotherapy (p= 0.010). The mean VAX score was 49.07 ± 8.76 (27-72). Most of the participants (64%) had a neutral attitude towards COVID-19 vaccination. In a survey of 165 patients, 55% said that they were skeptical about vaccination safety, and 58% said that they were concerned about unintended side effects. In addition, 90% expressed moderate concerns about commercial profiteering. Natural immunity was preferred by 30% of the participants. There was no statistically significant correlation between CAS scores and Vaccine Attitudes Review (VAX) Scale.ConclusionThis study draws attention to the level of anxiety in patients with hematological malignancies of the COVID-19 pandemic. Negative attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine are worrisome for at-risk patient groups. We think that patients with hematological malignancies should be informed to eliminate their hesitations about COVID-19 vaccines.