Commercial Aromatic Dianhydrides Research Articles

Synthesis and characterization of poly(amide-imide)s with high Tg and low CTE derived from isomeric amide-containing diamines

Two series of poly(amide imide)s (PAIs) based on two novel isomeric amide-containing diamine monomers and different commercial aromatic dianhydrides were synthesized via thermal imidization. These PAIs exhibited excellent Tgs ranging from 368 to 431 °C, low coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) of 6.7–47.2 ppm/K, and good 5% weight loss temperatures (Td5%s) in N2 of 494–540 °C, which was attributed to the introduction of rigid backbone and strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding resulted from amide bond. In particular, PAI-1a and PAI-1b displayed well-balanced performance with Tgs in the range of 419–431 °C, CTE in the range of 6.7–9.0 ppm/K, and mechanical properties with tensile strengths of 116–125 MPa, tensile moduli of 8.4–8.7 GPa, which could be probably used in flexible displays. In addition, the effects of two isomeric monomers on the properties of films were compared, and it was found that PAI-(1–3)a showed higher Tg,Td5% and CTE, but lower tensile strength and transparency than PAI-(1–3)b.

Soluble and transparent polyimides with high Tgs from a new semi-aliphatic diamine with cyclohexyl and ortho-methyl groups

Herein a semi-aliphatic diamine 4,4′-(cyclohexylmethylene)bis(2-methylaniline) (CHMBMA) with a pendant cyclohexyl and two ortho-substituted methyl groups is synthesized from o-toluidine and cyclohexanecarbaldehyde by Mannich and rearrangement reactions. Then CHMBMA is polycondensed with five commercial aromatic dianhydrides by the high-temperature one-step method with the thermal imidization to produce a series of polyimides (PIs, PI-H(1–5)). The weight-averaged molecular weights ( M ws) of PI-H(1–5) are in the range from 9.08 × 104 to 27.48 × 104 g mol−1 with the polydispersity indices (PDI) from 3.29 to 6.13 by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) measurement. They are soluble in common organic solvents (such as THF, CHCl3 etc.) and can form transparent, tough films with light-color (Thickness: 20–26 μm) by the solution-casting method. The light transmittance of them is above 80% in the visible range from 400 to 760 nm. They exhibit excellent mechanical properties with tensile strength from 72.2 to 97.06 MPa and tensile modulus from 0.9 to 1.9 GPa. Furthermore, they also display low water absorption rates (<2.5%), good thermal stability (5% weight loss temperatures ( T 5%) in the range from 466 to 480°C under N2 atmosphere and high glass transition temperatures ( T gs ≥ 319°C). As comparison, we also synthesize these PIs (PI-L(1–5)) by the low-temperature two-step method with the chemical imidization. The M ws of PI-L(1–5) are lower than those of PI-H(1–5), but the film color of PI-L(1–5) is relatively lighter than the corresponding one of PI-H(1–5). In summary, the introduction of cyclohexyl and ortho-substituted methyl groups into the backbone can improve the solubility of PIs and the transparency of their corresponding films without reducing their T gs.

Synthesis and properties of soluble polyimides containing tert-butyl, ether linkages, and triphenylmethane units

A molecular theory design was carried out to synthesize a diamine monomer 1-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,1-bis[4-(4-aminophenoxy)] phenylethane containing tert-butyl, ether linkage, and triphenylmethane units. Then it was polymerized with several commercial aromatic dianhydrides, including diphenyl hexafluoroisopropylidene tetraic acid dianhydride (6FDA), diphenyl ether tetracarboxylic dianhydride (ODPA), biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA), and benzophenone tetraacid dianhydride (BTDA), via the conventional two-step method to afford a series of aromatic polyimides (PIs). The structure and properties of the polymer were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, solubility test, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, and tensile tests. The results showed that there were characteristic peaks of PI around 1776, 1720, and 1378 cm−1 in the FTIR spectra; 6FDA-, ODPA-, and BPDA-based PI are easily soluble in N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), concentrated sulfuric acid, N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), pyridine, Tetrahydrofuran (THF), Trichloromethane (CHCl3), and other common organic solvents showing excellent solubility. In a nitrogen atmosphere, the glass transition temperature of the PI films are between 246°C and 275°C, the temperature of 5% weight loss is above 501°C, and the residual mass fraction at 750°C is 53–61%. The mechanical properties range from 67.2 MPa to 88.6 MPa. In addition to the BTDA-based PI film, the other three types of PI have good transparency. The simultaneous introduction of tert-butyl, ether linkages, and triphenylmethane units has a synergistic effect, which greatly improves the solubility of PI and maintains good thermal stability, mechanical properties, and optical properties of PI at the same time.

Highly Soluble Polyimides Containing Di-tert-butylbenzene and Dimethyl Groups with Good Gas Separation Properties and Optical Transparency

A rigid aromatic diamine monomer containing di-tert-butylbenzene and dimethyl groups, 3,3′-dimethyl-4,4′-diaminophenyl-3″,5″-di-tert-butyltoluene, was successfully synthesized by a simple coupling reaction using 3,5-di-tert-butylbenzaldehyde and o-toluidine as starting materials. A series of novel polyimides (PI 3a–3c) with large pendant groups were prepared with the obtained diamine monomer and three different commercial aromatic dianhydrides (3,3′,4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, 4,4′-oxydiphthalic anhydride, and 4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride) by one-step high temperature polycondensation. The prepared polyimides exhibited high solubility and good membrane forming ability: they could be dissolved not only in some high boiling solvents such as DMF, NMP, DMAc, and m-Cresol at room temperature, but also in some low boiling solvents such as CHCl3, CH2Cl2, and THF. Their solubility in most solvents could exceed 10 wt%, and the flexible membranes could be obtained by casting their solutions. The prepared membranes exhibited good gas separation properties. The permeability coefficients of PI 3c for CO2 and O2 were up to 124.6 and 42.8 barrer, respectively, and the selectivity coefficients for CO2/CH4 and O2/N2 were 14.7 and 3.3, respectively. The membranes had light color and good optical transmission. Their optical transmittance at 450 nm wavelength was in the range of 67%–79%, and the cutoff wavelength was in the range of 310–348 nm. They also had good thermal properties with glass transition temperature (Tg) values in the range of 264–302 °C. In addition, these membranes possessed good mechanical properties with tensile strength ranging between 77.8–87.4 MPa, initial modulus ranging between 1.69–1.82 GPa, and elongation at break ranging between 4.8%–6.1%.

Synthesis and characterization of an aromatic diamine and its polyimides containing asymmetric large side groups

A novel aromatic diamine monomer with asymmetric large side group: 4-(2,4,6-trimethyl)phenoxy-1,3-diaminobenzene, was synthesized by a two-step organic reaction. The monomer was separately subjected to a one-step high-temperature polycondensation reaction with three commercial aromatic dianhydrides to obtain a series of polyimides. Their structures and properties were characterized and studied by FTIR, NMR, UV, TGA, DSC, etc. The obtained polyimides showed excellent solubility not only in high-boiling solvents such as NMP, DMAc, and DMF, but also in low-boiling solvents such as CHCl3 and CH2Cl2. Their tensile strength was in the range of 76.9–93.5 MPa, the elongation at break was between 4.8% and 7.3%, and the modulus of elasticity was in the range of 1.6–1.8 GPa. The obtained films exhibited good optical transparency, and the representative polyimide derived from 4,4′-oxydiphthalic dianhydride exhibited a light transmittance of more than 83% at a wavelength of 450 nm. Moreover, these polyimides also possessed good thermal properties. Their glass transition temperatures are between 285 °C and 345 °C, and the 10% weight loss temperature in air and nitrogen is above 463 °C, showing excellent thermal properties.

Thermal, soluble, and hydrophobic properties of polyimides derived from 4-(4-diethylamino)phenyl-2,6-bis(4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl)pyridine

A novel aromatic diamine monomer, 4-(4-diethylamino)phenyl-2,6-bis(4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl)pyridine (EPAPP), containing pyridine ring units, ether linkage moieties and diethylaminophenyl pendent groups, has been designed and synthesized through three-step methods, and then used to prepare for a series of polyimides with commercial aromatic dianhydrides via two-step solution polycondensation. The resulting polyimides showed good solubility in common polar solvents, such as NMP, DMF, DMSO. They exhibited high thermal stability with the glass transition temperature (Tgs) more than 254 °C, and the temperature of 10% weight loss over 544 °C with more than 64% residue at 800 °C under nitrogen. They presented excellent hydrophobic properties with the contact angle in the range of 81.9–91.9°. In addition, the results of Wide-angle X-ray Diffraction (WAXD) indicated that these polymers revealed an amorphous structure.

Ortho-CATENATION and trifluoromethyl graphting as driving forces in electro-optical properties modulation of ethanol soluble triphenylamine-based polyimides

A novel aromatic trifluoromethyl (CF3)-substituted triphenylamine (TPA)-based diamine was synthesized and subjected to polycondenstion with various commercial aromatic dianhydrides. The obtained polyimides exhibit excellent solubility in common organic solvents, including ethanol, allowing their processing in thin films under environmentally friendly conditions. These polymers possess superior thermal stability, up to 485 °C and high glass transition temperature. The photo-optical properties were investigated in detail and the results evidenced the existence of a dual intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) between TPA and CF3 units, on one hand and triphenylamine and phthalimide, on the other hand, a feature rarely encountered at TPA-based polyimides. The occurrence of the FRET mechanism between these two ICT exited states that modulates the light emission toward yellow-orange spectral range is a totally novel aspect highlighted for this type of polymers. Prototype devices with ITO/PEDOT:PSS/polyimide/Ag configuration were also fabricated and preliminary investigations of the electrical characteristics were performed.

High Glass Transition of Fluorinated Polyimides Derived from 4‐(3,4‐Difluorophenyl)‐2,6‐bis(4‐aminophenyl)pyridine

AbstractA series of novel fluorinated polyimides (PIs) were prepared from 4‐(3,4‐difluorophenyl)‐2,6‐bis(4‐aminophenyl)pyridine (FPAP) and commercial aromatic dianhydrides via conventional two‐step thermal imidization technique. The structure of the monomer was confirmed by FT‐IR, NMR, and mass spectrometry. All of the obtained PIs were studied with FT‐IR, TGA, DSC, WAXD and contact angles analysis. These results showed that polymer materials presented excellent thermal properties with the glass transition temperature (Tg) in the range of 336—434 °C, as well as T5%, and T10% decomposition temperature ranges of 543—600 °C and 562—622 °C in a nitrogen atmosphere, respectively. Moreover, they presented excellent mechanical properties with tensile strengths of 68—91 MPa, elongation at break of 5.6%—10.2%, and young's modulus of 1.8—2.4 GPa. Furthermore, they showed outstanding hydrophobicity with the contact angle in the range of 90.5°—96.6°, and the results of WAXD indicated all of the polymers presented amorphous structure.

Synthesis and characterization of polyimides from 4,4′-(3-(tert-butyl)-4-aminophenoxy)diphenyl ether

A novel diamine 4,4′-(3-(tert-butyl)-4-aminophenoxy)diphenyl ether (4) was synthesized from 2-tert-butylaniline and 4,4′-oxydiphenol through iodination, acetyl protection, coupling reaction and deacetylation protection. Then some polyimides (PIs) were obtained by one-pot polycondensation of diamne 4 with several commercial aromatic dianhydrides respectively. They all exhibit enhanced solubility in organic solvents (such as NMP, DMF, THF and CHCl3 etc.) at room temperature. Their number-average molecular weights are in the range of (2.1–3.7) × 104 g/mol with PDI from 2.25 to 2.74 by GPC. They can form transparent, tough and flexible films by solution-casting. The light transparency of them is higher than 90% in the visible light range from 400 nm to 760 nm and the cut-off wavelengths of UV–vis absorption are below 370 nm. They also display the outstanding thermal stability with the 5% weight loss temperature from 525 °C to 529 °C in nitrogen atmosphere. The glass transition temperatures (T g s) are higher than 264 °C by DSC. XRD results demonstrate that these PIs are amorphous polymers with the lower water absorption (<0.66%). In summary, the incorporation of tert-butyl groups and multiple phenoxy units into the rigid PI backbones can endow them excellent solubility and transparency with relatively high T g s.

Soluble polyimides from 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether with one or two tert-butyl pedant groups

Two new aromatic diamines, 3-tert-butyl-4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether (1) and 3,3′-di(tert-butyl)-4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether (2), were synthesized by the Ullmann coupling reaction. Both of them were used to prepare polyimides via one-step polycondensation with some commercial aromatic dianhydrides. The effect of tert-butyl groups on the physical–chemical properties of the resulting polyimides was investigated by NMR, GPC, DSC, TGA, XRD, FTIR and UV–Vis spectra etc. They are soluble in common organic solvents, such as NMP, DMAc, THF and CH3Cl etc. The number-average molecular weights are in the range from 16,400 to 73,600 with the PDI from 2.23 to 2.85. The transparent polyimide films in the visible region (400–780 nm) can be obtained by the solution-casting. XRD measurement results demonstrate that these polyimide films are amorphous polymers. Particularly, the polyimide films from diamines (1) and (2) with BPADA display high flexibility and their elongation at break was above 60%. In summary, the polyimides with double-substituted tert-butyl groups exhibit much better performance than that from with single-substituted tert-butyl group.

Soluble and transparent polyimides with high Tg from a new diamine containing tert‐butyl and fluorene units

ABSTRACTA novel diamine monomer 1, 4,4'‐(9H‐fluorene‐9,9‐diyl)‐bis(2‐tert‐butylaniline), was synthesized from 9‐fluorenone and 2‐tert‐butylaniline by the condensation reaction. Then it was polymerized with several commercial aromatic dianhydrides, respectively, to produce polyimides (PIs) by the one‐pot method. The number‐averaged molecular weights of the resulting PIs are in the range of (4.54–8.82) × 104 with polydispersity indices from 2.51 to 4.33 by gel permeation chromatography measurement. They are soluble in many organic solvents and can form transparent and tough films by solution‐casting. The cut‐off wavelengths of UV–vis absorption for the PI films are below 360 nm, which are much lower than that of Kapton film. The light transparency of them is above 90% in the visible light range from 400 to 760 nm. They also display relatively low dielectric constants (from 2.79 to 3.00), low water absorption rates (&lt;1%), and high tensile strength (&gt; 50 MPa). Their excellent solubility and transparency can be attributed to the incorporation of tert‐butyl groups and fluorene units into the rigid backbones of PIs. Simultaneously, they still maintain the high thermal stability (the 5% weight loss temperature in the range from 526 to 539 °C in nitrogen) and the high glass transition temperatures (Tg &gt; 340 °C). © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016, 54, 976–984

Synthesis and characterization of novel highly soluble and optical transparent polyimides containing tert-butyl and morpholinyl moieties

A series of novel organo-soluble and optical transparent polyimides were synthesized via conventional one-step polycondensation from a novel diamine, 3,3′-diterbutyl-4,4′-diaminodiphenyl-4″-morpholinophenylmethane (TAMPM) and various commercial aromatic dianhydrides. The structures of monomer and polymers were confirmed by FT-IR and NMR. The solubility, thermal stability, optical transparency, dielectric and hydrophobic properties of polyimides were investigated. The results showed polymers presented excellent solubility in common organic solvents, such as N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dimethyl acetamide (DMAc), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), chloroform (CHCl3), tetrahydrofuran (THF) and dichloromethane (CH2Cl2). The polymers exhibited prominent thermal stability and high optical transparency with the glass transition temperature (T g) in the range of 311–355 °C, and the cutoff wavelengths in the range of 287–344 nm. Furthermore, all of the polymers also presented low dielectric constants in the range of 2.85–3.16 at 1 MHz, and outstanding hydrophobic properties with the contact angle in the rang of 85.1–94.2 o.

Aromatic polyimides with tertbutyl-substituted and pendent naphthalene units: synthesis and soluble, transparent properties

A novel non-coplanar aromatic diamine monomer, 3,3′-ditertbutyl-4,4′-diaminodiphenyl-4″-naphthylmethane (TAPN) was synthesized by a condensation reaction of 2-tertbutylaniline and 1-naphthaldehyde under catalyst hydrochloric acid. The structure of the monomer was confirmed by FTIR, NMR, elementary analysis and mass spectrometry. A series of aromatic polyimides (PIs) were synthesized via conventional one-step polycondensation from TAPN and various commercial aromatic dianhydrides. All of the PIs exhibit excellent solubility in common organic solvents, even in low boiling point solvents such as chloroform (CHCl3), tetrahydrofuran (THF) and acetone. The PIs present outstanding thermal stability with the glass transition temperature (T g) ranged from 299 °C to 350 °C, and the temperature at 10% weight loss ranged from 490 °C to 504 °C, and high optical transparency with the cutoff wavelengths of 306–356 nm. Moreover, the flexible and tough PI films have prominent mechanical properties with tensile strengths in the range of 77.6–90.5 MPa, tensile modulus in the range of 1.8–2.4 GPa and elongation at break in the range of 6.3%–9.5%, as well as lower dielectric constant (2.89–3.12 at 1 MHz) and lower moisture absorption (0.35%–0.66%).

Synthesis and characterization of thermally stable, hydrophobic hyperbranched polyimides derived from a novel triamine

A novel aromatic triamide 1,3,5-tri[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl] benzene (TAPOPB) with prolonged chain segments and ether bonds was successfully prepared through a three-step reaction. Then a series of hyperbranched polyimides (HBPIs) were synthesized using A2 + B3 polycondensation from various commercial aromatic dianhydrides and TAPOPB. The HBPIs showed good solubility, thermal stability with glass transition temperatures ( Tg) between 218°C and 320°C, and temperature at 10% weight loss of 502.1–561.7°C in nitrogen atmosphere. Meanwhile, they had decent mechanical properties whose tensile strength and modulus were higher than 72.37 MPa and 1.039 GPa, respectively. Water uptake of less than 0.96% was obtained. The truncation wavelengths of the films were all greater than 400 nm with a good application prospect in UV protective coating. Most contact angles were more than 90°, promising to be used as hydrophobic material.

Soluble aromatic polyimides with high glass transition temperature from benzidine containing tert-butyl groups

A series of soluble polyimides with high glass transition temperature (Tg) were prepared from four commercial aromatic dianhydrides (i.e., BPDA, OPDA, 6FDA and BPADA) with a rigid aromatic diamine containing tert-butyl groups (3,3′-di-tert-butylbenzidine) (1). The number-average molecular weights of them were in the range from 4.21 × 104 to 1.25 × 105 with the polydispersity indexes between 2.34 and 3.04 by means of gel permeation chromatography relative to a polystyrene standard. They were able to form transparent, flexible and tough films by polymer solution casting. The transmittance of them was higher than 90 % in a wavelength range of 400–700 nm by UV–vis measurement. The XRD results demonstrated that they were amorphous glassy polymers. Except for polyimide 1-BPADA, the Tgs of the rest were higher than 330 °C, and especially the Tg of polyimide 1-BPDA reached up to 375 °C. They did not show appreciable decomposition up to 500 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere, in other words, the 5 % weight losses of them were in the range from 508 to 523 °C. Most of them exhibited high tensile strength and modulus with a low elongation at break at room temperature. They are potential candidates for high performance materials.

Synthesis and properties of new fluorene-based polyimides containing trifluoromethyl and isopropyl substituents

A new fluorene-based diamine monomer containing pendant trifluoromethyl and isopropyl substituents, 9,9-bis[4-(4-amino-2-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-3-isopropylphenyl]fluorene (3), was successfully synthesized through a three-steps reaction using 2-isopropylphenol and 9-fluorenone as starting materials. Then it was employed to prepare a series of fluorinated polyimides (5a–5d) with various commercial aromatic dianhydrides via a one-step high-temperature polycondensation. These polymers could be quickly dissolved in some strong polar organic solvents, such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N,N-dimethylacetamide, and N,N-dimethylformamide, chloroform and dichloromethane at room temperature. Flexible and transparent films can be obtained conveniently by solution-casting. Their films exhibited high thermal stability with glass transition temperatures in the range of 239–287 °C, and good optical transparency with the cutoff wavelength in the range of 326–363 nm. They also revealed low dielectric constants with the values in the range of 2.65–2.84 at 1 MHz measured for their capacitance. In comparison with some trifluoromethyl-substituted polyimides without the isopropyl substituents, these polyimides showed better solubility and lower dielectric constants and cutoff wavelength.

Hydroscopicity and Dielectric Properties of Polyimide Containing Biphenyl and Bis-Benzimidazole Rings

A kind of Polyimide films (PI films) containing biphenyl and bis-benzimidazole rings were prepared from the its precursor Polyamic acid (PAA) solution synthesized by aromatic diamine containing biphenyl and bis-benzimidazole rings with different commercial aromatic dianhydrides. The PI films exhibited excellent hydrophobicity with the contact angle of higher than 90o and the hydroscopicity are lower than 1%. The PI films also have great dielectric properties of the dielectric constant ranges from 2.10 to 2.94 under the voltage frequency within 1 to 106HZ.

New fluorinated poly(ether sulfone imide)s with high thermal stability and low dielectric constant

A new aromatic diamine monomer with four pendant trifluoromethyl groups, 2,2′-bis{3-[3,5-di(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4-[4-amino-phenoxy]phenyl}sulfone (3), was successfully synthesized through free-radical substitution, Suzuki coupling and nucleophilic substitution reactions using bis(4-fluorophenyl)sulfone and N-bromosuccinimide as starting materials. Then it was employed to prepare a series of fluorinated poly(ether sulfone imide)s (PESIs 5a–c) with various commercial aromatic dianhydrides via a one-step high-temperature polycondensation. These polymers could be easily dissolved in some strong polar organic solvents, such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N,N-dimethylacetamide, and N,N-dimethylformamide, chloroform, dichloromethane and tetrahydrofuran at room temperature. Flexible and transparent films can be obtained easily by solution casting. They had high thermal stability and didn't show significant weight loss up to temperature of approximately 530 °C in nitrogen and air atmospheres. They also revealed low dielectric constants with the values in the range of 2.74–2.90 at 1 MHz measured for their capacitance.

Synthesis and properties of hyperbranched polyimides derived from novel triamine with prolonged chain segments

ABSTRACTNovel pyridine‐containing hyperbranched polyimides (HBPIs) were synthesized by using a new triamine 2,4,6‐tris[3‐(4‐aminophenoxy)phenyl]pyridine with prolonged chain segments, ether linkage and meta‐linked units as a BB′2‐like monomer, various commercial aromatic dianhydrides as A2 monomers. Most of the obtained HBPIs were readily soluble in common organic solvents such as N,N‐dimethylformamide, N,N‐dimethylacetamide, N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone, m‐Cresol, and so forth. Meanwhile, they also had good thermal stability with the glass transition temperatures (Tgs) all above 210 °C, the temperature at 10% weight loss of 537.1–574.4 °C in nitrogen atmosphere. Strong and flexible HBPI films were obtained, which had good mechanical properties with tensile strengths of 83.3–95.8 MPa, tensile modulus of 1.82–2.43 GPa and elongations at break of 4.84–6.98%. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 2425–2437

Novel polypyrrolones containing fluorenyl groups in the main chain: Synthesis and characterization

A novel aromatic tetraamine, 2′,7′-bis(3,4-diaminophenoxy)-spiro(fluorene-9,9′- xanthene), was synthesized, which was employed to react with various commercial available aromatic dianhydrides to yield a series of polypyrrolones (PPys). The intermediate poly(amide amino acid) had inherent viscosities of 0.28–0.35 g/dl and could be thermally converted into lightly yellow PPys films. All the resulting PPys exhibited good thermal stabilities. The glass-transition temperatures were in the range of 371–386°C, and the temperatures of 5 and 10% weight loss were 472–549°C and 552–612°C in nitrogen, respectively; the residual weight was above 62% at 800°C. In addition, the PPys films had tensile strengths in the range of 42.3–85.8 MPa, tensile moduli of 1.8–2.5 GPa, and elongations at break of 6.8–7.4%. The polymer films also exhibited excellent alkaline hydrolysis resistance, retaining their original shapes and toughness after boiling for 7 days in 10% sodium hydroxide solution.