Command Instruction Research Articles

Using Social Networking Tools for Teaching the English Directive Speech Act of Command to Undergraduate Arab EFL Learners

This study investigates the effectiveness of using social networking tools for teaching the speech act of command to undergraduate Arab EFL learners. Employing an experimental pre-test post-test design, the research involved 40 students distributed across four groups: two experimental groups utilizing social networking tools for direct and indirect command instruction, and two control groups receiving traditional teaching methods. Over a three-week period, the speech act of command was taught to the four groups either through WhatsApp groups or conventional classroom instruction. A discourse completion task was used to assess participants' pragmatic competence before and after the intervention. Results of ANOVA tests showed a significant difference in post-test scores, with the experimental groups outperforming the control groups. Remarkably, among the experimental groups, those exposed to indirect command instruction exhibited the highest mean score. This suggests that social networking tools can positively impact learning outcomes for teaching speech acts like command. The study highlights the value of incorporating innovative technological approaches that align with the evolving communicative needs and preferences of contemporary learners.

Intention Understanding in Human-Robot Interaction Based on Visual-NLP Semantics.

With the rapid development of robotic and AI technology in recent years, human–robot interaction has made great advancement, making practical social impact. Verbal commands are one of the most direct and frequently used means for human–robot interaction. Currently, such technology can enable robots to execute pre-defined tasks based on simple and direct and explicit language instructions, e.g., certain keywords must be used and detected. However, that is not the natural way for human to communicate. In this paper, we propose a novel task-based framework to enable the robot to comprehend human intentions using visual semantics information, such that the robot is able to satisfy human intentions based on natural language instructions (total three types, namely clear, vague, and feeling, are defined and tested). The proposed framework includes a language semantics module to extract the keywords despite the explicitly of the command instruction, a visual object recognition module to identify the objects in front of the robot, and a similarity computation algorithm to infer the intention based on the given task. The task is then translated into the commands for the robot accordingly. Experiments are performed and validated on a humanoid robot with a defined task: to pick the desired item out of multiple objects on the table, and hand over to one desired user out of multiple human participants. The results show that our algorithm can interact with different types of instructions, even with unseen sentence structures.

Mobile Robot Dengan Pengontrolan Perintah Suara Berbasis Android

Control of mobile robot manually using remote control connected with cable has constraints that limited space of robot movement. For that developed mobile robot control system using bluetooth communication. The purpose of this research is to create a mobile robot control system through wireless communication using voice command instruction via application on Android using microcontroller type Arduino Mega2560. The methodology in this research is the voice instruction will be recorded by the application on Android, then matched with the database and then converted into characters in the form of strings and sent via bluetooth transmitter on Android to bluetooth receiver on mobile robot to be executed by program made on microcontroller robot. The results obtained include mobile robot can move to follow voice command instruction that is given include command forward, backward, turn left and right only for one movement while in test result got error of movement equal to 1.55% with response time 4-7 second because the process of recording and translation of voice instructions on Android and also influenced by noise or other sounds that are not desired.

Lithium Battery Casualty Detection and Mitigation Developments for Navy Platforms

The growing need for large lithium batteries and lithium battery powered equipment aboard submarines provides major challenges to the US Navy; two of these challenges include (1) early battery casualty detection and (2) containment or mitigation of hazards associated from lithium-based battery casualties. Lithium ion rechargeable batteries used within research unmanned undersea vehicles (UUV) was abusively tested inside of its vehicle and was instrumented with water mitigation and various types of presumptive pre/post casualty onset detection sensors. These efforts were conducted under the requirements for the Navy’s Lithium Battery Safety Program, Naval Sea Systems Command Instruction 9310.1C and related documents as guidance for need. This effort followed similar recent works for the storage and carriage of large form lithium and lithium-ion batteries conducted preciously. This paper will review the results of these tests conducted by the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division (NSWCCD), Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Newport (NUWC NWPT) and the Naval Research Center (NRL) over the past six years. These efforts have enabled the carriage and deployment of lithium battery powered systems from surface platforms and are expected to enable the deployment from undersea platforms.

Juridicidade Administrativa no Comando da Aeronáutica

This study aimed to analyze the influence of the principle of administrative juridicity in proceedings conducted by the hermeneutic of Internal Control Agent (ACI), under the Command of Aeronautics (COMAER), considering the principle of legality provided for in the Air Force Command Instruction (ICA) 174-1/2007. The methodology used to reach the goal was based on a survey of doctrinal reasoning about concepts relevant to the research, followed by a phase of interpretation and analysis. At that stage there was a consistent reading of the principle of administrative legality, expressed in 174-1/2007 ICA, like administrative juridicity and its application to a case taken from routine administrative Salvador Air Base. The observed, we analyzed the influence of the principle of administrative juridicity in the interpretive activity of the administrative agent for Internal Control in terms of degree of economy attained. It was concluded, at the end, the administrative juridicity influenced the interpretive process conducted by ACI in two basic ways: extending the concept of legality and increasing the level of savings of public funds under the COMAER.

Voice-controlled security system with proximity detector

A control system for permitting voice control of at least one device by at least one user includes a transponder which outputs an electronic signal which includes an identification code; an electronic receiver for receiving electronic signal and downconverting the received signal to output the identification code; a microphone for receiving an audible signal spoken by a user; a memory for storing at least one voiceprint and a command instruction for controlling at least one function of the device; and a microprocessor for determining whether the identification code is valid and for analyzing the audible signal to determine whether it matches the voiceprint stored in memory. The microprocessor executes the command instruction to control the function of the device if a match has been found.

Voice-activated interactive speech recognition device and method

Techniques for implementing adaptable voice activation operations for interactive speech recognition devices and instruments. Specifically, such speech recognition devices and instruments include an input sound signal power or volume detector in communication with a central CPU for bringing the CPU out of an initial sleep state upon detection of perceived voice exceeding a predetermined threshold volume level and is continuously perceived for at least a certain period of time. If both these conditions are satisfied, the CPU is transitioned into an active mode so that the perceived voice can be analyzed against a set of registered key words to determine if a "power on" command or similar instruction has been received. If so, the CPU maintains an active state in normal speech recognition processing ensues until a "power off" command is received. However, if the perceived and analyzed voice can not be recognized, it is deemed to be background noise and the minimum threshold is selectively updated to accommodate the volume level of the perceived but unrecognized voice. Other aspects include tailoring the volume level of the synthesized voice response according to the perceived volume level as detected by the input sound signal power detector, as well as modifying audible response volume in accordance with updated volume threshold levels.

COST LEVERAGES IN SHIP DESIGN

ABSTRACTExamples of the application of “Design‐to‐Cost” are presented in the framework of the recent Naval Sea Systems Command Instruction, “Design‐to‐Cost” Guide for Ship Acquisition. The central theme of these examples is the determination of cost leverages for “Design‐to‐Cost” savings. To date such cost savings have concentrated in the area of highly visible military characteristics and have not seriously impacted the remainder of the ship design.Reduction in not‐so‐visible design margins, practices, and criteria also offer practical cost savings. Ship design margins should be established in consideration of cost leverages as well as by reason of uncertainty and lack of design definition. Subsystem design practices should be established in consideration of cost leverages contained in their performance margins.It is concluded that an engineering definition of “Design‐to‐Cost” should be the specification of margins, practices, and criteria for the design of a particular ship in its budget environment followed by design control to assure that the specifications are met.