Command Information Research Articles

Nova metodologija projektovanja taktičkih integrisanih telekomunikacionih i računarskih mreža za OPNET simulaciju

This paper present a novel methodological approach in the design of integrated tactical telecommunications and computer networks for command information system and defining the elements for the OPNET simulation model. The elements proposed for design of network information architecture. For that purpose, the way established to set up relationships between elements that uses for network topologies design, building of network elements and network traffic. They are integrated with its parameters in the preliminary model defined by an OPNET simulation model. We propose the measure of efficiency for accomplishment of tactical command requirements to use the design model network. This measure of efficiency is mean time delay that described with mathematical relations, involving the communication parameters speed of generating traffic, packet size, link capacity and adequately reflects the projected network. Furthermore, the applications of the proposed approach and given instructions allow to designers full examination of the network architecture, and provide translation into preliminary model and design OPNET simulation model.

End-to-End Autonomous Driving: An Angle Branched Network Approach

Imitation learning for the end-to-end autonomous driving has drawn renewed attention from academic communities. Current methods either only use images as the input, which will yield ambiguities when a vehicle approaches an intersection, or use additional command information to navigate the vehicle but inefficiently. Focusing on making the vehicle automatically drive along the given path, we propose a new and effective navigation command called as subgoal angle which does not require human participation and is calculated by the current position and subgoal of the ego-vehicle. Thus, the subgoal angle contains more information than the navigation command represented as a one-hot vector. Additionally, we propose a model architecture called as angle branched network that makes predictions based on the subgoal angle. In this network, the subgoal angle is not only used for extracting useful features but also for guiding the appropriate prediction layer to make predictions for both the steer angle and the throttle status (which controls the acceleration). Experiments are conducted in a three-dimensional urban simulator. Both quantitive and qualitive results show the effectiveness of the navigation command and the angle branched network. Moreover, the performance can be further boosted by integrating both semantic and depth information into the driving model. Especially by using the depth information, collisions with vehicles and pedestrians can be reduced.

Research on Clustering Method of Airborne Threat Target Based on Density

In the ship Anti-air warfare defense, situation analysis is an important auxiliary information for combat command. Anti-ship missiles are the main source of airborne threats to ships, not only in terms of speed, but also in the form of missile groups. Based on the improved DBSCAN algorithm, this paper proposes a density-based clustering algorithm. By filtering the input target attributes and optimizing the distance algorithm and the distance radius value, the missile target group can be effectively improved. Based on the identified target group, the situation analysis is further carried out, and the target group attribute calculation method and threat assessment method are proposed to provide support for the operational command.

The Macaque Cerebellar Flocculus Outputs a Forward Model of Eye Movement.

The central nervous system (CNS) achieves fine motor control by generating predictions of the consequences of the motor command, often called forward models of the movement. These predictions are used centrally to detect not-self generated sensations, to modify ongoing movements, and to induce motor learning. However, finding a neuronal correlate of forward models has proven difficult. In the oculomotor system, we can identify neuronal correlates of forward models vs. neuronal correlates of motor commands by examining neuronal responses during smooth pursuit at eccentric eye positions. During pursuit, torsional eye movement information is not present in the motor command, but it is generated by the mechanic of the orbit. Importantly, the directionality and approximate magnitude of torsional eye movement follow the half angle rule. We use this rule to investigate the role of the cerebellar flocculus complex (FL, flocculus and ventral paraflocculus) in the generation of forward models of the eye. We found that mossy fibers (input elements to the FL) did not change their response to pursuit with eccentricity. Thus, they do not carry torsional eye movement information. However, vertical Purkinje cells (PCs; output elements of the FL) showed a preference for counter-clockwise (CCW) eye velocity [corresponding to extorsion (outward rotation) of the ipsilateral eye]. We hypothesize that FL computes an estimate of torsional eye movement since torsion is present in PCs but not in mossy fibers. Overall, our results add to those of other laboratories in supporting the existence in the CNS of a predictive signal constructed from motor command information.

Implementation and research of a substation command interaction method using third party validation

This paper describes a method to improve the security of control signal transmission in substation by introducing third party authentication and applying encryption technology. We can use asymmetric encryption technology to ensure the safety of data transmission process. A third party authentication device is introduced to verify the rights and identities of both sides of the command and prevent the interception and tampering of command information. Use dynamic key and authorization expiration system to further protect control security. Finally, the character code is checked by the command and the error data is filtered effectively. This method can effectively prevent signals from being truncated or tampered and ensure the security of data. Restricting the operation crowd, isolating illegal users, protecting information security, greatly improve the information security of substation control process.

Enhancing interpretation of uncertain information in navigational commands for service robots using neuro-fuzzy approach

Enhancing interpretation of uncertain information in navigational commands for service robots using neuro-fuzzy approach

Joint Blocklength and Location Optimization for URLLC-Enabled UAV Relay Systems

This letter considers the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-enabled relay system to deliver command information under ultra-reliable and low-latency communication requirements. We aim to jointly optimize the blocklength allocation and the UAV's location to minimize the decoding error probability subject to the latency requirement. The achievable data rate under finite blocklength regime is adopted. A novel perturbation-based iterative algorithm is proposed to solve this problem. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve the same performance as the exhaustive search method, and significantly outperforms the existing algorithms.

装备机动投送指挥及保障信息系统研究与构建

装备机动投送指挥及保障信息系统研究与构建

New DC Grid Power Line Communication Technology Used in Networked LED Driver

In order to reduce the cost and improve the reliability, real-time performance, and installation convenience of remote-controlled light-emitting diode (LED) lighting systems, a networked LED driving technology based on the direct current (DC) grid power line carrier is proposed. In this system, an alternating current (AC)/DC bus converter converts the mains into a DC bus with multiple distributed LED drive powers on the DC bus. The AC/DC bus converter receives the user’s control command and modulates it into the DC bus voltage. The DC bus waveform changes to a square wave containing the high and low changes of the address information and command information. The LED drive power of the corresponding address receives energy from the DC bus and demodulates the commands, such as turning the lights on and off, dimming, etc., and performs the action. In order to make the waveform of the AC/DC bus converter have better rising and falling edge, this paper adopts the half-bridge topology with variable modal control. In the modulation process, the circuit works in buck mode and boost mode. Distributed LED drivers have DC/DC circuits and very simple demodulation circuits that dissipate energy and information from the DC bus. Through experiments, the technology not only simplifies the use of communication technology in application, but also reduces the application difficulty.

Emergency monitoring and disposal decision support system for sudden pollution accidents based on multimedia information system

As the economy and society enter the period of rapid post-industrialization, the pressures on resources and the environment are becoming more obvious. Therefore, the environmental protection work faces more challenges. There are many important elements in the environmental emergency detection system, such as emergency monitoring data, information, and command transmission. In order to deal with all kinds of sudden environmental pollution accidents in a timely manner and to reduce the damage to the environment caused by accidents, we need to ensure the safety of the environment. Therefore, we must use scientific methods to manage sudden environmental pollution accidents. In this paper, we combine Internet technology, GIS technology and multimedia database technology, and establishes a decision support system for emergency monitoring and disposal based on multimedia information systems. Its basic hardware includes environmental risk source monitoring, emergency monitoring, command and dispatch, environmental emergency network and environmental emergency monitoring center construction. The software system includes basic software environment, environmental emergency monitoring and command information sharing platform, application software and unified portal. The entire system is integrated according to an organized organizational system, providing detection systems and early warning systems for sudden environmental pollution incident prevention and emergency response. The system we designed can collect and process relevant information in a very short time. The system can quickly handle emergency decision-making and minimize the adverse effects caused by sudden environmental pollution accidents. Experiment results show the well performance of the proposed system. The multimedia based user interface guarantees the user experience.

靶场测控设备集群协同作战及指挥信息系统设计与实现

靶场测控设备集群协同作战及指挥信息系统设计与实现

МОДЕЛЬ НАЗЕМН0-К0СМИЧЕСК0Й КОМАНДНО-ИНФОРМАЦИОННОЙ СЕТИ С ФОРМИРОВАНИЕМ МАРШРУТА ПЕРЕДАЧИ ДАННЫХ В УСЛОВИЯХ ВНЕШНИХ ПОМЕХОВЫХ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЙ НА РАДИОКАНАЛ

МОДЕЛЬ НАЗЕМН0-К0СМИЧЕСК0Й КОМАНДНО-ИНФОРМАЦИОННОЙ СЕТИ С ФОРМИРОВАНИЕМ МАРШРУТА ПЕРЕДАЧИ ДАННЫХ В УСЛОВИЯХ ВНЕШНИХ ПОМЕХОВЫХ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЙ НА РАДИОКАНАЛ

A model-driven approach to survivability requirement assessment for critical systems

Survivability is a crucial property for those systems – such as critical infrastructures or military Command and Control Information Systems – that provide essential services, since the latter must be operational even when the system is compromised due to attack or faults. This article proposes a model-driven method and a tool – MASDES– to assess the survivability requirements of critical systems. The method exploits the use of (1) (mis)use case technique and UML profiling for the specification of the survivability requirements and (2) Petri nets and model checking techniques for the requirement assessment. A survivability assessment model is obtained from an improved specification of misuse cases, which encompasses essential services, threats and survivability strategies. The survivability assessment model is then converted into a Petri net model for verifying survivability properties through model checking. The MASDES tool has been developed within the Eclipse workbench and relies on Papyrus tool for UML. It consists of a set of plug-ins that enable (1) to create a survivability system view using UML and profiling techniques and (2) to verify survivability properties. In particular, the tool performs model transformations in two steps. First, a model-to-model transformation generates, from the survivability view, a Petri net model and properties to be checked in a tool-independent format. Second, model-to-text transformations produce the Petri net specifications for the model checkers. A military Command and Control Information Systems has been used as a case study to apply the method and to evaluate the MASDES tool, within an iterative-incremental software development process.

Assimilation of military group decision support systems in Korea

The successful assimilation of group decision support systems (GDSS) in the Command, Control, Communications, Computers, and Intelligence (C4I) systems of military organizations is critical for making fast and accurate modern military operations decisions. This study empirically examines factors affecting military group decision support systems’ (MGDSS) assimilation and the mediating effect of structural appropriation in the Korean Army in a technology-organization-environment (TOE) framework. Two hundred and forty-eight users or former users of the Army Tactical Command Information System (ATCIS) participated in the survey and a partial least squares (PLS) analysis was used to analyze the data. The results found that institutional pressure (IP) has the strongest effect on structural appropriation, followed by IT infrastructure (ITI) and top management support (TMS). Structural appropriation plays a significant mediating part between the TOE factors and MGDSS assimilation. The results provide implications and contribute valuable insights for military organizations’ successful assimilation of MGDSS.

An architecture to facilitate interoperability of Discrete Event System Specification and Coalition Battle Management Language simulation models

The Joint Command, Control and Communications Information Exchange Data Model, Coalition Battle Management Language and Military Scenario Definition Language define formatted schemas that have been developed for use in military simulations. The Discrete Event System Specification (DEVS) is used to create models whose behavior is defined in response to events in the simulated environment. The RESTful Interoperability Simulation Environment (RISE) provides a web-based interface for executing DEVS models. DEVS models can be used to simulate systems as diverse as natural disasters and traffic patterns. We present an application that uses formatted messaging to interact with a DEVS model running on the RISE server. The purpose of this is to demonstrate that a DEVS model can be executed as part of a larger, web-enabled synthetic environment, such as a military planning exercise.

The Quadrotor-Based Night Watchbird UAV System Used In The Force Protection Tasks

Abstract The Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), or Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) are widely used today in real time, high precision reconnaissance missions. The UAS can lean on various types of the UAVs, whilst this paper deals only with multirotor UAV applications. The special flying abilities of the multirotor UAVs (e.g. vertical take-off and landing, hovering, flying at extremely low altitudes and airspeeds) open new areas in UAV applications. Challenges of the modern era put many problems to be solved such as problems of safeguarding in civil life, handling disaster management tasks, border control, and, finally, solution of force protection tasks in operational theatre, or out of war theatre. Author will lay down a brand-new concept of the UAV system applied in bad visibility to improve efficiency of the solution of the force protection tasks, which reduces human resources needed for this purpose. The proposed Night Watchbird UAV system is a new one using modern methods and principles to reach basic goal of reconnaissance providing real-time information for commanders, and for military forces, in general.

Design for the Emergency Command Information System Architecture of Ocean Oil Spill

On the basis of defining the Ocean Oil Spill Information Services and in order to improve the efficiency of disposal and command of more frequent ocean oil spill accidents, the SOA (service oriented architecture) and P2P (peer-to-peer) are utilized to design the physical framework and functional framework of the emergency ocean oil spill command information systems. The goal in this is to study the composition and structure of each framework. The emergency command information system of ocean oil spill is built on C4ISR (command, control, communication, computer, intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance) architectural framework that is composed of command view, system view, and technology view. The physical framework of the command information system architecture is characterized by a multi-layer structure. The node is divided into LSP (local service peer), GSP (group service peer) and CSP (common service peer). Each system and software set can be encapsulated as part of the Ocean Oil Spill Information Services, with each service being capable of serving as a local service node. Furthermore, each local service node participates within a peer group. According to the service purpose and granularity, the functional framework is divided into physical resource layer, data layer, support service layer, application layer. Data layer mainly includes communication protocol, message format, data type, and various database, etc. Support service layer includes storage management service, information distribution service, service management, human-computer interactive service, resource sharing service and information security service, etc. Application layer includes situation generating service, emergency plan service, emergency command service, emergency assessment service, communication support service, navigation and positioning service, etc. We draw conclusions that the information system architecture proposed in the paper has more prominent reliability and flexibility through contrastive analysis of similar information system architecture, and lay foundations for research intoocean oil spill service-oriented command information systems.

Exploring the mechanism of neural-function reconstruction by reinnervated nerves in targeted muscles

A lack of myoelectric sources after limb amputation is a critical challenge in the control of multifunctional motorized prostheses. To reconstruct myoelectric sources physiologically related to lost limbs, a newly proposed neural-function construction method, targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR), appears promising. Recent advances in the TMR technique suggest that TMR could provide additional motor command information for the control of multifunctional myoelectric prostheses. However, little is known about the nature of the physiological functional recovery of the reinnervated muscles. More understanding of the underlying mechanism of TMR could help us fine tune the technique to maximize its capability to achieve a much higher performance in the control of multifunctional prostheses. In this study, rats were used as an animal model for TMR surgery involving transferring a median nerve into the pectoralis major, which served as the target muscle. Intramuscular myoelectric signals reconstructed following TMR were recorded by implanted wire electrodes and analyzed to explore the nature of the neural-function reconstruction achieved by reinnervation of targeted muscles. Our results showed that the active myoelectric signal reconstructed in the targeted muscle was acquired one week after TMR surgery, and its amplitude gradually became stronger over time. These preliminary results from rats may serve as a basis for exploring the mechanism of neural-function reconstruction by the TMR technique in human subjects.

A Method for Command Business Services Selection Based on Execution Efficiency and Reliability Restraint

Due to specific requirement of command business in command information system, reliability and excution efficiency of command business are put particular emphasis. So the two factors had been seen as primary consideration conditions when command business services selection methods were researched. In view of reliability of multiple command business redundancy, a method for command business services selection based on execution efficiency and reliability restraint was put forward by introducing idea of software fault-tolerant in services selection stage. Within this method, the reliability computation method of command business composite services was given and the selection model of command business adding execution efficiency restraint was presented. Finally, the services selection algorithm and experiments were designed to confirm the method.

Research on Reliability of Command Business Composite Services in Joint Command Information System

Basing on reliability requirement of command business composite services in joint command information system, a redundancy based reliability evaluation model and computing method was put forward learning from thought of software fault-tolerant. Taking reliability as the primary consideration, the process of command business composite services was limited to finite recursive nested of the most commonly used structures including sequence flow, branch flow, parallel and cyclic flow in the reliability evaluation model. According to this model, the computation method was given and its flow diagram was designed. It will provide beneficial reference for measuring and improving reliability of command business service in other similar command information systems.