Command Center Research Articles

Hierarchical behavior control by a single class of interneurons

Animal behavior is organized into nested temporal patterns that span multiple timescales. This behavior hierarchy is believed to arise from a hierarchical neural architecture: Neurons near the top of the hierarchy are involved in planning, selecting, initiating, and maintaining motor programs, whereas those near the bottom of the hierarchy act in concert to produce fine spatiotemporal motor activity. In Caenorhabditis elegans, behavior on a long timescale emerges from ordered and flexible transitions between different behavioral states, such as forward, reversal, and turn. On a short timescale, different parts of the animal body coordinate fast rhythmic bending sequences to produce directional movements. Here, we show that Sublateral Anterior A (SAA), a class of interneurons that enable cross-communication between dorsal and ventral head motor neurons, play a dual role in shaping behavioral dynamics on different timescales. On a short timescale, SAA regulate and stabilize rhythmic bending activity during forward movements. On a long timescale, the same neurons suppress spontaneous reversals and facilitate reversal termination by inhibiting Ring Interneuron M (RIM), an integrating neuron that helps maintain a behavioral state. These results suggest that feedback from a lower-level cell assembly to a higher-level command center is essential for bridging behavioral dynamics at different levels.

Large-Area UAS-Based Forest Health Monitoring Utilizing a Hydrogen-Powered Airship and Multispectral Imaging

Abstract. Climate change is threatening forest ecosystems worldwide by inducing various abiotic and biotic disturbances. In Europe, the European spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus L.) poses a significant threat, causing serious mortality in mature Norway spruce (Picea abies H. Karst.) stands. Rapidly evolving remote sensing technologies offer valuable tools for monitoring forest health, enabling timely management operations. This study presents a novel approach for large-area forest health monitoring using Uncrewed Aircraft Systems (UAS) and multispectral imaging. The research focuses on a hydrogen-powered Beyond Visual Line of Sight (BVLOS) airship for efficient monitoring of disturbances caused by I. typographus. A specific challenge is training machine learning models capable of covering wide areas. Our objective was to study the potential of deep learning models, including transfer learning and fine-tuning techniques, in developing the scalability and accuracy of UAS-based monitoring for detecting individual spruce trees and classifying their health. The approach was empirically evaluated in a study site in North Karelia, Finland. A multispectral image dataset was collected over a 1.3 km2 test area in May 2023 in a BVLOS setting operated from a command centre 75 km away. The results indicated that employing transfer learning significantly improved classification accuracy compared to training models from scratch, showing potential for implementing scalable machine learning methods for large-area UAS surveys. The best model yielded F1-scores of 0.936 for healthy, 0.955 for dead, and 0.817 for non-spruce classes. Furthermore, the results indicated that BVLOS airships offered high accuracy while reducing emissions and labour associated with UAS monitoring.

Analysis of the determinants of success of maritime security and resilience strategies moderated by risk management and resources multiplier in the Indonesia’s Archipelagic Sea Lane II

Indonesia has ratified United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982 (UNCLOS 1982) through Law No. 17 of 1985 concerning the ratification of the 1982 Law of the Sea Convention, thus binding Indonesia to the rights and obligations to implement the provisions of the 1982 convention, including the establishment of the three Northern-Southern Indonesia’s Archipelagic Sea Lane (ALKI). The existence of the three ALKI routes, including ALKI II, has led to various potential threats. These violations not only cause material losses but, if left unchecked and unresolved, can also affect maritime security stability, both nationally and regionally. The maritime security and resilience challenges in ALKI II have increased with the relocation of the capital, which has become the center of gravity, to East Kalimantan. The research in this article aims to identify and analyze the factors influencing the success of maritime security and resilience strategies in ALKI II. The factors used in this research include conceptual components, physical components, moral components, command and control center capabilities, operational effectiveness, command and control effectiveness, and the moderating variables of resource multiplier management and risk management to achieve maritime security and resilience. This study employed a mixed-method research approach. The factors are modeled using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with WarpPLS 8.0 software. Qualitative data analysis used the Soft System Methodology (SSM). The results of the study indicate that the aforementioned factors significantly influence the success of achieving maritime security and resilience in ALKI II.

Adapt research to the Anthropocene

Scientists measure how humans’ footprints deteriorate the global environment and our life, but neither monitoring nor technical solutions bend the curves. Homo sapiens is the dominating species of the Anthropocene. Should we re-focus research and explore potential transformation of the command centers of overexploitation: people's minds? The most important challenge for research in the Anthropocene is transformation of humans and their political and economic entities to respect the planet’s boundaries. Non-adapted research can mislead policies. On the example of two crucial risks, pollinator loss and climate change, the manuscript compares state-of-the-art research and what is needed. The examples show the necessary scope and depth of transformation. How to give more room for divergent intelligence, creativity and criticality in scientific and educational environments? The research sector must decide to either transform humans’ minds towards planetary responsible political performance or accept that AIscene might follow the Anthropocene and adapt humans to earth.

Triple-console robotic telesurgery: first impressions and future impact.

Telesurgery has been recently gaining momentum as a natural evolution of robotic surgery. Besides providing expert surgical care to patients who cannot geographically access it, telesurgery can also facilitate surgical collaboration between surgeons who might need urgent assistance or coaching experts. The idea of having two consoles, with one remote and one local, has been the ideal setup for such ecosystems. However collaborations can take on many forms and might require more than one remote surgeon, depending on procedure complexity and surgeon availability. The objective of the study was to describe our perspectives and experience performing telesurgery on one patient, using three surgeon consoles for three surgeons, operating from three separate cities. In November 2023, a triple-console, robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) was performed in a collaborative effort among three surgeons in three separate locations employing telesurgery using the Kangduo Endosopic Surgical Robot (KD-SR-01, Sagebot Medical). The furthest distance between participants was approximately 2600km between Beijing and Hainan. We described and illustrated the applications and outcomes of this procedure to treat a single patient with prostate cancer. The local surgeon, along with the operating room team, and the patient were in Hainan, while the other two surgeons were in Beijing and Hunan Telesurgery command centers. The procedure lasted approximately 120min and there were no intra- or postoperative complications. Estimated blood loss was 100ml. The patient was ambulating 4h after surgery and remained in the hospital for 2days secondary to the postoperative care protocol followed by the local team taking care of the patient. The Foley catheter was removed on postoperative day 7 without complication. The final pathology was ISUP Grade Group 4 (Gleason score 4 + 4 = 8) T2cN0 with negative surgical margins. Our experience shows that telesurgery involving multiple surgeons at multiple remote locations is possible and can be completed safely with low-latency connections via available telecommunication networks.

The Difference Knowledge and Skill to do BLS with Video and Demonstration Methods in Youth Organizations RW 04 Ambengan Tengah Surabaya

Tim Gerak Cepat (TGC) is one of Surabaya's command centers that serves various real time reports related to medical emergencies, one of which is cardiac arrest. Not every time TGC can arrive to provide rapid assistance, which can be influenced by inadequate road access to the location. This causes the provision of help including help for victims of cardiac arrest to be delayed. The objectives is to analyze the video effectiveness and demonstration methods on the ability to perform BLS on youth organizations RW 04 Ambengan Tengah Surabaya. Using pre-experimental using Two Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The study population was all youth organizations in RW 04 Ambengan Tengah Surabaya. The research sample amounted to 36 adolescents who were selected by random sampling by meeting the inclusion criteria. The data analysis used was the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and Mann Whitney test. The Wilcoxon test showed that both methods could improve knowledge about BLS with a significance value of 0.000 (p<0.05) and could improve adolescents' skills in performing BLS with a significance value in the video group of 0.002 while in the demonstration group it was 0.001 (p<0.05). The different results score pre-test post-test knowledge of both methods with the Mann Whitney test showed a significance value in 0.129 (p <0.05) while the skill different score pre-test post-test had a significance 0.500 (p>0.05) value . This shows that between the video and demonstration methods there is no significant difference.

Seeing into the entropic state: Smart cities and COVID-19 management in Kerala

The Integrated Command and Control Centre (IC3) has emerged as a key component of the Smart Cities Mission (SCM) in India. Although the mission has been widely critiqued, IC3s were used for communications, resource allocation and inter-departmental coordination in many cities during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study, based in the state of Kerala, uses in-depth interviews with personnel who were actively involved in the pandemic response, along with secondary data, to examine how the IC3 was used. The research finds that the vision of digital transformation and centralisation is reinterpreted by various layers of the state. The paper propounds the idea of the ‘entropic state’ to explain the situation where state agencies are able to act synergistically in an emergency, but default back to misalignment and internal competition once the crisis has passed.

Enhancing Operational Efficiency: Implementing Business Process Improvement by Integrating the Command Center in the Indonesian Toll Road Operator Company

<span lang="EN-US">Business process improvement is a well-known technique for organizations to identify processes that enhance business performance. This study aims to analyze and improve business processes in the company's principal operational processes that are directly related to controlling service requests for assistance with traffic problems on the toll road (Command Center), specifically in communication and handling requests for assistance and complaints from users of one of the toll road operators in Indonesia. Research is conducted by identifying existing processes, the underlying causes of existing problems, and analyzing business processes using the Business Process Improvement methodology and the Bizagi Modeler with Process Modeling and Notation (BPMN). An improvement within this approach is thus examined in a particular scenario. The as-is and to-be processes are measured using a technique of improvement design called the ESIA approach, consisting of four steps: eliminate, simplify, integrate, and automate. The result of the integration of Command Center services can decrease the response time for assisting requests from toll road users and enhance cost-effectiveness, improving customer satisfaction and the overall quality of toll road service</span>

Towards scalable wide area UAS monitoring of forest disturbance using hydrogen powered airships

ABSTRACT Uncrewed Aircraft Systems (UAS) have been recognized as powerful tools for providing monitoring data supporting mitigating and adapting to various abiotic and biotic forest disturbances. However, their suitability and commercial viability have been significantly limited by the necessity for operation primarily within visual line of sight (VLOS). Efforts are currently ongoing to establish frameworks for beyond visual line of sight (BVLOS) UAS operation. This study represents the first successful application of hydrogen-powered BVLOS airship UAS technology for monitoring forest disturbances. The test area covered 1.3 km2 of conserved forest area in North Karelia, Finland, seriously affected by bark beetles and other disturbance agents. Monitoring flights were conducted in spring, summer, and autumn in BVLOS setting operated from a command centre situated approximately 75 km distance from the test area. Deep learning models were applied to study the tree health in the disturbance area, with the special focus on examining the scalability of machine learning models. Multispectral imagery outperformed RGB imagery in classifying trees as healthy, infested, and dead spruce trees, as well as non-spruce tree classes. With multispectral imagery, the F1-scores were 0.88–0.94, 0.80, 0.92–0.96, and 0.75–0.82 for healthy, infested, and dead spruce trees, and non-spruces, respectively. Transfer learning and fine-tuning, which adapted previously trained models to new study areas, improved results compared to training models from scratch and thus contributed to the development of scalable UAS remote sensing methods in mitigating forest disturbances on a larger scale.

Implementing an artificial intelligence command centre in the NHS: a mixed-methods study.

Hospital 'command centres' use digital technologies to collect, analyse and present real-time information that may improve patient flow and patient safety. Bradford Royal Infirmary has trialled this approach and presents an opportunity to evaluate effectiveness to inform future adoption in the United Kingdom. To evaluate the impact of the Bradford Command Centre on patient care and organisational processes. A comparative mixed-methods study. Operational data from a study and control site were collected and analysed. The intervention was observed, and staff at both sites were interviewed. Analysis was grounded in a literature review and the results were synthesised to form conclusions about the intervention. The study site was Bradford Royal Infirmary, a large teaching hospital in the city of Bradford, United Kingdom. The control site was Huddersfield Royal Infirmary in the nearby city of Huddersfield. Thirty-six staff members were interviewed and/or observed. The implementation of a digitally enabled hospital command centre. Qualitative perspectives on hospital management. Quantitative metrics on patient flow, patient safety, data quality. Anonymised electronic health record data. Ethnographic observations including interviews with hospital staff. Cross-industry review including relevant literature and expert panel interviews. The Command Centre was implemented successfully and has improved staff confidence of better operational control. Unintended consequences included tensions between localised and centralised decision-making and variable confidence in the quality of data available. The Command Centre supported the hospital through the COVID-19 pandemic, but the direct impact of the Command Centre was difficult to measure as the pandemic forced all hospitals, including the study and control sites, to innovate rapidly. Late in the study we learnt that the control site had visited the study site and replicated some aspects of the command centre themselves; we were unable to explore this in detail. There was no significant difference between pre- and post-intervention periods for the quantitative outcome measures and no conclusive impact on patient flow and data quality. Staff and patients supported the command-centre approaches but patients expressed concern that individual needs might get lost to 'the system'. Qualitative evidence suggests the Command Centre implementation was successful, but it proved challenging to link quantitative evidence to specific technology interventions. Staff were positive about the benefits and emphasised that these came from the way they adapted to and used the new technology rather than the technology per se. The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted care patterns and forced rapid innovation which reduced our ability to compare study and control sites and data before, during and after the intervention. We plan to follow developments at Bradford and in command centres in the National Health Service in order to share learning. Our mixed-methods approach should be of interest to future studies attempting similar evaluation of complex digitally enabled whole-system changes. The study is registered as IRAS No.: 285933. This award was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health and Social Care Delivery Research programme (NIHR award ref: NIHR129483) and is published in full in Health and Social Care Delivery Research; Vol. 12, No. 41. See the NIHR Funding and Awards website for further award information.

MAIN STAGES OF EMPLOYEE EMPOWERMENT STRENGTHENING IN PRODUCTION ORGANIZATIONS

As management strategies and organizational structures change, the aim is to discover ways that will help make the activities of each employee, as well as the entire production organization, more efficient. In each successful organization, the leader’s and employee's ability to understand each other and to work together in a team is very important. At present, a new term is being emphasized and promoted- empowerment – the leader's actions towards the employee in order to successfully achieve the goals of the organization. Dimensions of structural empowerment: opportunities - the employee's perception of the extent to which he has opportunities to perform challenging work using existing abilities and at the same time acquiring new abilities, information - to the extent that, in the employee's perception, information is available to him in a wider context than his individual work, support - to the extent that the employee feels that he can receive advice or feedback during the performance of various tasks, resources - to what extent all the necessary resources are available to the employee to perform the planned tasks. Empowerment is essentially a democratic process that allows employees to have more say in decisions that are currently made by managers in traditional command and control centers. A model for strengthening employee empowerment is presented, consisting of 3 stages, which allows identifying employee empowerment problems when making decisions on quality issues and providing solutions. The quantity of features and characteristics of a product reflects its quality. One of the most important aspects is that managers and executors (team members) must understand the importance of quality and know what factors affect it and what solutions take place with identified problems. Based on the identification of product quality from the point of view of managers and executives, problems are identified, and solutions are provided to change the situation. If they do not have a common understanding of product quality issues, the situation in production only worsens. Organizations must empower their frontline employees with the authority and training to make decisions related to equipment operation and maintenance. The obtained results of a quantitative study carried out in a manufacturing company proved that employees partially feel empowered by managers to make decisions: especially in the second stage, which is associated with work performance, quality requirements, job satisfaction and efficiency. Recommendations are provided for management to develop a sense of personal efficacy through employee empowerment. The role of managers is to empower their subordinates to make decisions on their own, relying on established (approved) requirements. This research about employee empowerment can be useful for organizations in assessing the effectiveness of measures, enabling leadership, and the innovations implemented, as well as in forming a holistic approach to the phenomenon of employee empowerment, combining the assumptions that make up empowerment into a common system and the consequences that are significant for work and the organization.

Deception mechanisms of FDA‒AWACS against passive monopulse angle measurements

AbstractAirborne warning and control systems (AWACS) serve as critical command and control centres in air combat operations, making them prime targets for strategic attacks. These enemy attacks typically rely on the accurate determination of AWACS combat positions using different direction‐finding devices. In particular, passive monopulse angle measurement systems locate AWACS by measuring the angles of signals emitted by AWACS radiation sources, thus rendering them vulnerable to attacks. Given the criticality of the airborne radars of AWACS in battle command and control operations, they must function continuously to monitor air and sea targets. Hence, AWACS cannot effectively evade electronic reconnaissance systems through tactics such as radar shutdown. To explore alternative measures, the authors investigate the deception mechanisms of an integrated frequency diverse array AWACS (FDA‒AWACS) against passive monopulse angle measurements. Using an established FDA signal model, the principles underlying two common monopulse angle measurement methods are first outlined. Subsequently, the angle estimation formulae typically used by these monopulse angle measurement systems to interpret received FDA radiation signals are derived. Additionally, the transmit beampatterns, amplitude patterns, and angle measurement deception capabilities of several typical FDAs are examined. Simulation results indicate that the FDA‒AWACS can theoretically deceive passive monopulse angle measurement systems to a certain extent. However, one‐dimensional uniform linear FDAs and other arrays using sinusoidal frequency offsets exhibit limited deception abilities. In contrast, arrays utilising cubic and quartic frequency offset achieve angle measurement errors exceeding 2° in far‐field scenarios.

Telemedicine Rounding Support for Public Health System Pediatric Intensive Care Units in Brazil can Improve Outcomes.

There are discrepancies in resources and expertise available between pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) in Brazil that likely significantly impact the clinical outcomes of patients. The goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of telemedicine rounding support in two public PICUs located in the North and Northeast regions of Brazil. Our intervention involves telehealth rounds connecting two "level II" PICUs with specialist doctors from a hospital of recognized excellence. A before-and-after study was carried out to evaluate telemedicine's impact on PICUs between December 2018 and July 2019. Nine hundred and forty patients were evaluated during this period (426 pre-telemedicine, 514 post-telemedicine). The intervention occurred through telerounds between the command center and the ICUs assisted by telemedicine. In unit A, the implementation of telemedicine reduced the mortality rate from 18.86% to 9.29%, while in unit B, it decreased from 10.76% to 9.72%. There was no change in the median length of stay in unit A, but in unit B, it increased from 6 to 8 days. Logistic regression analysis confirmed a significant reduction in mortality in unit A (odds ratio (OR) 0.50; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.29-0.86). The study found a positive correlation between adherence to telemedicine recommendations and mortality reduction across both units. This suggests that telemedicine can effectively improve outcomes in PICUs, particularly in regions with limited health-care resources.

Possibilities for Improving the Technical Equipment of Disaster Management Mobile Command Points

The use of disaster management command centres is typically implemented in a static way, however, the experiences of the past period have shown that for their effective operation, it is necessary to use solutions that enable the monitoring of events, as well as rapid relocation and deployment. An obvious solution for creating the aforementioned capabilities is the use of mobile command centres to support driving groups. Currently, the professional disaster management organisation has several devices that can be used as mobile command points, but their capacity does not allow the work of larger teams. The purpose of this thesis is to examine capabilities, with the implementation of which both the capacity of the disaster management organisation and the effectiveness of the interventions can be increased, taking into account domestic and international development trends.

How to build and operationalise a hospital command centre

In the ever-evolving healthcare landscape, hospitals routinely grapple with daily disruptions and unforeseen events affecting resources and capacity. This paper explores the implementation and impact of the Rochester Hospital Operations Command Center (RHOCC) as a strategic response to challenges faced by the Mayo Clinic Hospital campuses in Rochester. The RHOCC, developed with an expedited timeline in response to capacity issues, exacerbated by COVID-19, serves as a centralised hub for real-time monitoring, coordination and decision-making related to patient flow. The process of establishing the command centre involved role identification, skill set determination, location of important personnel in an organised central space and vendor selection to develop the necessary infrastructure. Dashboards were developed to provide real-time actionable insights into external transfers, surgical and other planned admissions, emergency department status, patient throughput and discharges. These dashboards include colour-coded keys highlighting thresholds related to patient flow metrics and are used to facilitate daily huddles and enhance transparency and data-driven decision-making among hospital stakeholders. The outcomes of implementing the RHOCC include improved efficiency and collaboration, as well as a significantly enhanced ability to proactively respond to factors affecting census. The development of a command centre — driven by leadership endorsement and a commitment to continuous improvement — emerges as a transformative strategy in healthcare innovation. The RHOCC’s approach of building capability, fostering inclusion and articulating a vision of providing superior care while driving impactful improvements, positions it as a leading force in creating operational efficiencies to define healthcare delivery.

INOVASI CUSTOMER FOCUSED MELALUI COMMAND CENTER UNTUK PENINGKATAN EFEKTIVITAS PENANGANAN LAPORAN PELANGGAN DI PT PLN (PERSERO) UP3 BANGKA

In the electricity industry, the products produced will always coexist with the services provided. Various service patterns, strategies and innovations will continue to be developed. PT PLN (Persero) is a company that provides electricity with a lifetime guarantee. When a customer's electricity supply stops, the customer will try to find a communication channel to inform them of the electricity disruption they are experiencing in the hope that it can be restored as soon as possible. However, handling customer reports is considered ineffective because it involves a lot of staging and is still manual. The Bangka Command Center was formed to carry out the task of serving disturbance reports throughout the PT PLN (Persero) UP3 Bangka work area spread across five Customer Service Units (ULP). Bangka Command Center is a form of Customer Focused innovation created to increase the effectiveness of handling customer reports and is expected to meet customer expectations for excellent service from year to year

The brain simulates actions and their consequences during REM sleep.

Vivid dreams mostly occur during a phase of sleep called REM 1-5 . During REM sleep, the brain's internal representation of direction keeps shifting like that of an awake animal moving through its environment 6-8 . What causes these shifts, given the immobility of the sleeping animal? Here we show that the superior colliculus of the mouse, a motor command center involved in orienting movements 9-15 , issues motor commands during REM sleep, e.g. turn left, that are similar to those issued in the awake behaving animal. Strikingly, these motor commands, despite not being executed, shift the internal representation of direction as if the animal had turned. Thus, during REM sleep, the brain simulates actions by issuing motor commands that, while not executed, have consequences as if they had been. This study suggests that the sleeping brain, while disengaged from the external world, uses its internal model of the world to simulate interactions with it.

Optimizing Disaster Response and Mitigation through Digital Communication, Visualization, and Jabar Command Center: A Comprehensive Analysis

Optimizing Disaster Response and Mitigation through Digital Communication, Visualization, and Jabar Command Center: A Comprehensive Analysis

Retrospective Evaluation of Falls From Height Cases Admitted to the Pre-Hospital Emergency Healthcare System

Aim: The aim of this study is to analyze the demographic characteristics, timing aspects (time of occurrence, emergency response time, ambulance arrival time), and hospital arrival times in pre-hospital cases of falls in Ankara. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional observational epidemiological study examined data from patients who received pre-hospital emergency care due to fall-related trauma in Ankara between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2023. Patients were identified through calls made to the central 112 Call Center and documented in the Emergency Health Automation System. Demographic details, injury epidemiology (ICD-10 codes, injury mechanism, incident timing), and emergency response times (command response time, time from ambulance dispatch to scene arrival, transport time) were collected. Results: This study includes 16,136 patients, of whom 6,346 are female and 9,790 are male, with an average age of 38.3 ± 24.3 years. The predominant ICD-10 diagnosis codes are W03, W10, W12, W13, W14, W17, Y30, and X80. The year 2019 saw the highest number of incidents (n=4,014), with a decrease observed in 2020 (n=2,790). The highest number of falls occurred in July, while the lowest was in February, with the fewest falls reported in winter and the most in summer throughout the five years. Most incidents occurred between 08:00 and 15:59 (n=8,366), followed by 16:00 to 23:59 (n=6,456); 1,314 incidents occurred between 00:00 and 07:59. Falls occurred most frequently during working hours (61.9%, n=9,983). The average command center response time was 216.4 ± 203.6 seconds, station response time was 39.6 ± 47.8 seconds, and transport time was 371.6 ± 249.9 seconds. Most patients were transported to Training and Research Hospital (n=7,827), followed by State Hospital (n=3,422), University Hospital (n=2,210), and Private Hospital (n=249). Secondary transfers were mostly related to Training and Research Hospital (n=1,387), primarily for specialist needs (n=1,165). There were 32 patients who received on-scene intervention and 231 patients who died. Significantly increased response times were observed from 2019 to 2023 (p

The calls to 112 command and control center and evaluation of use of the Emergency Ambulance Service in Denizli

Objective: In this study we studied the calls to 112 command and control center in 2012-2013 years in our province and we aimed the evaluation of use of the emergency ambulance service in our province. Methods: By evaluating emergency call forms that is taken 112 command and control center head physician’s office, a descriptive study was done retrospectively. SPSS 17 program is used for the statistical analysis in this study. Results: It is identified that 51.8% of 1176126 emergency service applicants was male in 2012, 52.3% of 1185019 emergency service applicants was female in 2013. Ambulance service utilization was highest in summer (27%) and the peak value was in august. It is detected that 94% of the calls was unnecessary. The ambulance service utilization by the patients age 65 and over was 30% in 2012 and 2013. It is also identified that the mean ambulance arrival time to the patients was 8.6 min. in 2012 and 9.1 min. in 2013. As we determined, most of the reasons of emergency calls were medical diseases (72%) and traffic accidents (12%). In the patient’s classification according to their pre-diagnosis, the biggest patient group was trauma cases. In 2012 the trauma cases have had 23,3% rate among the pre-diagnosis reasons and in 2013 the value was 22,2%. In our study, the highest rate of ambulance exists is hospital transfer (64.2% in 2012, 63.1% in 2013). Most of the cases which are transported with ambulance have been gone to Denizli State Hospital (32.4%). Conclusion: The high rate of unnecessary calls to command and control center (95,5%) is a serious problem for the quality of service. Because of the fact that these kind of calls make 112 KKM busy unnecessarily; patients, which must have a priority to access to emergency services because of their severe illnesses, don’t arrive on time. So education programs or public spotlights should be performed to improve the public’s knowledge.