Comfort In Spaces Research Articles

Evaluation of Community Commercial Space Design Experience and Optimization Strategy Based on KANO Model

This paper takes a community commercial space as the research object, analyzes the demand preferences of community consumers and adopts the KANO model as the analysis framework to obtain the satisfaction and importance indexes of different demands of community residents. According to the content and characteristics of varying levels of the request, we propose ideas and suggestions for the optimization of community commercial spaces. The study found that consumers pay more attention to the need for service facilities category. The diversity of business types and the comfort of space are important factors affecting satisfaction with community commercial spaces. Finally, two optimization proposals are made for the space environment, such as optimizing the physical environment of retail spaces and improving support facilities. Two optimization proposals are made for space services, such as the product of “warm” community services and the product of diversified and intelligent business formats. Ultimately, this provides a reference for improving the quality of residents’ consumption experience and perfecting the optimal design of community commercial spaces.

Probability-based visual comfort assessment and optimization in national fitness halls under sports behavior uncertainty

Sports behavior uncertainty is a main cause of mismatch between simulated and actual visual comfort in sports spaces, which has not been properly addressed in existing studies. This study proposes a multi-phase and multi-objective optimization approach to improve visual comfort in national fitness halls by better considering sports behavior uncertainty. Specifically, a surrogate-based multi-objective optimization workflow is developed for fast optimization of visual comfort. Then, a probabilistic behavior model is created to predict player's occupancy probability in all possible view scenes during sports, and based on which the probabilistic visual comfort is introduced to assess player's realistic visual comfort taking account of the occupancy probability. The sport of tennis in a parametric national fitness hall is selected as the case study scenario. Results indicated that the proposed response surface model outperformed artificial neural network model in predicting visual comfort, while this approach saved 35.43% of total computational time versus the traditional simulation-based multi-objective optimization approach in this case study; 296 Pareto solutions out of 1758 design alternatives were quickly identified, among which the final optimum solution indicated an approximately 200% better visual comfort against the worst one; Sports behavior uncertainty was found to affect player's visual comfort assessment in tennis sports, presenting variances on different court locations under two court layouts. This study contributes new insights of probabilistic visual comfort assessment under sports scenarios and explores the potential of court location and layout arrangement for multi-purpose usage consideration in national fitness halls.

Investigating the impact of using modified cool materials by titanium dioxide (TiO2)-based photocatalytic self-cleaning nanoparticles in urban facades on urban microclimate parameters

PurposeOn the one hand, one of the most important global strategies to improve thermal comfort in urban spaces is using cool materials (high albedo materials) in urban facades. On the other hand, using cool materials in urban facades is a big challenge. Over time, the albedo of cool materials that modified by titanium dioxide (TiO2)-based photocatalytic self-cleaning materials (PSTiO2) does not decrease. In fact, its self-cleaning property prevents the loss of the initial albedo of the material. The self-cleaning performance of these materials was investigated in previous researches. However, their thermal performance in urban space has not been investigated yet. This paper studied the performance of these materials on the urban square facade. Design/methodology/approachThe thermal performance of PSTiO2 on the thermal comfort of the urban square was evaluated by ENVI-met(v4). The results simulated by ENVI-met software with field measurements in the urban Square were compared. Field measurements of air temperature were conducted on 22 July and 30 March. FindingsThe results showed that these materials, despite their self-cleaning properties, have significant thermal impact in the urban environment. Using plaster modified by PSTiO2 (albedo 0.6) improved slightly by nearly 0.2 °C the thermal comfort of the urban square. Whereas, white paint modified by PSTiO2 (albedo 0.9) reduced the physiologically equivalent temperature (PET) by 0.5 °C, because reflection of solar radiation increased between the buildings facades. The simulation results showed that due to the space is more enclosed in the square entrance, the mean radiant temperature (Tmrt) increased. As a result, PET index rose too. Originality/valueThis study shows that employing cool and self-cleaning materials in the urban facades of Jolfa Square, in addition to have self-cleaning property, is effective in the amount of thermal comfort of the square. In the parts of the square where the enclosure is less, an improvement in thermal comfort was observed. The performance of the cool and self-cleaning materials in the facade in terms of thermal comfort is completely dependent on the physical parameters of the urban space.

Outdoor Thermal Comfort of Urban’s Pedestrian in Tropical City of Kuala Lumpur

In recent years, urbanization in the city have given impact to the climate change of the environment. The increase in urban air temperature have decrease the thermal comfort or ruin the experience of the pedestrian in outdoor spaces. This research explores the impact of air temperature on pedestrian outdoor thermal comfort in shaded spaces of tropical city of Kuala Lumpur. Findings are presented from field measurement based on the environmental parameters on case study area. Surveys are conducted which includes 199 randomly selected pedestrians to subjectively observe their feeling and preferences of the outdoor thermal comfort towards the climatic outdoor temperature. Hence, the result concluded that the urban pedestrian walkway has a significantly high temperature. However, the results show that presence of shading structure improve their comfort being in outdoor spaces. This conclude that thermal sensation of pedestrian can be improved with shading structure and it can increase the walkability of pedestrians. The space can also increase the pedestrian’s comfort with help of mechanical ventilation. Thus, it is recommended for outdoor pedestrian spaces to provide shading and have proper ventilation to reduce heat and make pedestrian feels comfortable outdoor.

Impact of green cover on improving outdoor thermal comfort in Urban Residential Clusters

‘Urban Open Space' is an essential component of the urban landscape. “Green spaces” connect built structures to the outdoors through urban open spaces. Controlling the thermal conditions such as air temperature and radiation conditions in outdoor urban areas can help to modify microclimates. This study attempts to establish the importance of landscape by analyzing the various microclimate parameters and their impact on outdoor spaces. The focus of this research is to see how changing the landscape and green cover in an urban residential neighbourhood affects the microclimate in the selected locations. The onsite climatic data were collected using HOBO data loggers at the strategic locations, and the entire thermal comfort performance of the existing scenario was analysed using ENVI-met, and the performance of the existing scenario was then compared with the proposed scenario where the percentage of the green cover was increased. The research will contribute to a better understanding of the role of green cover in increasing thermal comfort in outdoor spaces of residential clusters. This will enable designers to incorporate outdoor thermal comfort as an important design constraint.

Evaluating the Impact of Transition spaces on the Indoor comfort conditions of a Naturally Ventilated Institution Building

Transition spaces connect between the interior space and the exterior environment and it acts as an intermediate or a third space. A well-designed transition space acts as a microclimate modifier for the interior spaces. The current study focuses on the role of transition spaces in creating a comfortable thermal environment in classrooms of an educational institute, located in a region with hot humid climate. The aim of the study is to investigate the impact of transition spaces upon the creation of indoor thermal comfort. For this study, the quantitative data was collected through field measurements in terms of air temperature on a typical summer day. Further, the field data was also collected from different orientations and various classrooms within the campus of the institution. Adaptive thermal comfort metrics was used to compare the performance on the built geometry. The spatial distribution of adaptive thermal comfort was simulated using IESVE software. Further, new scenarios were proposed and developed for the built geometry by altering the built parameters like aspect ratio and the depth of the transition space. The indoor thermal comfort performance of the proposed scenarios was compared with the existing conditions so as to establish a relationship between the built parameters and comfort conditions. A significant improvement was evident in the comfort level of indoor spaces, which suggest that the transition spaces optimize the indoor space comfort levels by reducing the indoor temperature by about 0.5°C to 2°C. Thus, the study proves that the changes in the aspect ratio and corridor width significantly impacts the indoor comfort. The current study outcomes can further help the designers to understand that the best efficient transition space has a positive impact upon a healthy learning space.

PERCEPTION OF RESIDENTIAL CONDITIONS AS AN ONLINE LEARNING SPACE Comparative Study Of Residences In Yogyakarta And Bandung

The condition of living plays a vital role in the online learning process at home. The residential need for support in the learning process was seen when Covid-19 forced students to study from their residences. However, residences not designed for students to carry out the learning process from home result in the focus/concentration in the process not running well. The study aims to explore the dimensions of residential perception that are by online learning needs. This study uses a quantitative approach with PCA analysis to find dimensions that need to be considered in the residence so that the learning process from home can run well. This study used student respondents living in Yogyakarta and Bandung so that the results of this study have a comparison of student perceptions in two different cities. The dimensions of perception of living conditions for online learning are audial quality, space comfort, space performance, and visual quality. Living conditions have differences in perception according to the type of residence in the form of boarding houses and houses. Ultimately, this study provides design principles that need to be considered in today’s residential design.

The Influence of The Physical Work Environment on Worker Productivity in Krupuk SMEs in Sidoarjo

This study aims to examine the influence of the physical work environment of cracker factory workers in Sidoarjo. This study aims to find out which factors have the most influence among the factors of temperature, noise and lighting and the coloring of the work environment that are suitable for the work productivity of cracker factory workers in Sidoarjo. 
 This research was conducted to improve the performance of Krupuk UKM workers in Gading Village, Krembung-Sidoarjo District by paying attention to a good physical work environment. The work environment is everything that exists around workers who can influence them in carrying out the tasks given. Working conditions where a good workplace includes a physical environment that can provide a sense of security, peace, and fun. The physical work environment is a work environment which includes several aspects that must be considered, these aspects include: a comfortable work space, safe environmental conditions, constant room temperature, adequate lighting, and appropriate room paint colors, so that a productivity result is achieved optimal work.
 The data analysis used in the study used the SPSS program aid with the linear regression method.
 The results of the study are the significance value of the correlation between productivity as measured through the completion time of the milling section and noise (dB) which has a significant correlation value of 0.364; productivity with lighting (lux) has a significant correlation value of 0.141 and productivity with temperature (OC) has a significant correlation value of 0.168. This proves that productivity has a strong relationship with noise (dB) with a significant correlation value of 0.364.
 The solution implemented to maintain work productivity related to noise is to provide personal protective equipment (PPE) to cover the ears, namely ear plugs or ear muffs.

Role of Passive Design Techniques for a Comfortable Indoor Environment: Comparison between Tradition & Modern Architecture in Hot Climate

Abstract: This research aims to investigate the role of passive design techniques in creating a comfortable indoor environment in hot climates. It specifically focuses on comparing traditional and modern architectural approaches and their effectiveness in providing thermal comfort, energy efficiency, and sustainability. The study will explore the design principles, strategies, and technologies employed in both traditional and modern architecture to mitigate the impact of hot climates on indoor comfort. By analyzing various case studies and evaluating their performance, this research will provide insights into the strengths and weaknesses of each architectural style and offer recommendations for designing sustainable and comfortable indoor spaces in hot climate regions.

Whakaritea te pārekereke: Teacher preparedness to teach te reo Māori speaking children in mainstream education settings.

It is essential that teachers are prepared to teach te reo Māori speaking children so that Māori tamariki enjoy equal and equitable opportunities to succeed as Māori (Education & Training Act, 2020). This article draws on research undertaken for my master’s degree which investigated teacher preparedness to teach te reo Māori speaking children in mainstream primary schools. Key findings included an awareness of how language and culture impact on identity and educational outcomes. Although participants acknowledged the absolute necessity that te reo Māori and tikanga Māori are included in all aspects of the education setting, they also reported that tikanga Māori is a more comfortable space to be in than te reo Māori as there were clear connections to their own values. Four key themes emerged from the findings which I promote in this paper as key factors for teacher readiness to teach reo Māori speaking children. These are: Kia rite (be prepared), Kia hono (be connected); Kia tātatiako (be culturally competent and responsive) and, Kia whakauruuru (be integrative). This article discusses the four factors listed above and implications for tamariki, their whānau, teachers and Initial Teacher Education (ITE) providers.

VOLUME-SPATIAL PLANNING AN INTEGRATED METHOD OF URBAN SPACE FORMATION

This article discusses an integrated method of urban space formation, which is based on the characteristics and principles of existing approaches, methods and techniques of planning urbanised areas. The objective of this method is to improve and create a high-quality urban fabric without uncontrolled development and visual noise. The main principles, tools and elements of urban space formation by the integrated method of volume-spatial planning of territories were identified.
 In the previous article, which was published in the collection "Urban Development and Territorial Planning", issue №81 on the topic: "Volume-spatial planning of urban space - an improved methodology for designing territories and urban development" considered the general methodology for the formation of urban space by the integrated method of volume-spatial planning of territories, established the main stages of design and their content. In this article, the main principles, tools, and elements of the integrated method are considered in more detail, and explanations are given for the division of street space from quiet to highly active. The main elements of urban space design using the integrated method of volumetric and spatial planning, which describe both the form and its content, are presented and defined.
 Integration of existing approaches and methods of urban space formation allows combining existing planning principles and methods, their features and tools, which, in the author's opinion, is the method that will allow formulating in a short time the comfortable space that a "modern" resident needs in a particular area.
 In this article, it is proposed to focus in more detail on the planning characteristics of the territory in terms of street space activity and design elements, which determine the formative aspects of the integrated method of space-volume planning.
 The volume-spatial planning of territories is an integrated method of urban space design, which includes planning elements with indicators in accordance with the functional use and volumetric-spatial characteristics of the territory, which are determined in accordance with planning zones established in accordance with the cross-section of the street space.
 The formation of urban space by the integrated method of volume-spatial planning is possible only when the design is carried out according to a clear methodology and according to certain key elements in accordance with the current norms, rules, established composition and characteristics on the ground. The main tool for shaping urban space using the integrated design method is to determine the characteristics of the territory along the intersection of the street space and establish the main design elements, which will allow determining both the physical form of the area and its functional content.

The Effect of Vertical Skylights Designed in Buildings on Daylight Illumination

The fact that lighting plays an important role in the energy consumed by buildings, which have a large share in the total energy consumption in the world, requires more work to be done on daylight, which reduces the need for artificial lighting, saves energy in buildings and increases indoor comfort as well. Whether the current energy resources will exist in the future and the extent of the damage to the ecosystem as a result of the deterioration of the natural balance are discussed and discussed from different perspectives. At this point, with the thought of efficient use of energy, studies are carried out to reduce energy consumption and ensure sustainability in the field of lighting. In the building sector, which has a significant share in energy consumption, energy efficient design and sustainable architecture, which aims to use renewable energy sources and reduce energy consumption, are supported by planning and design criteria.
 In this study, the efficiency of skylights, which is one of the lighting methods with daylight, was investigated in accordance with the criteria specified in the relevant zoning legislation and the daylight standard in buildings. The effect of skylights on visual comfort and daylight performance in residential interiors that do not receive direct sunlight was analyzed with 3 different scenarios on spaces in different directions and floors with the help of the Design Builder simulation program. As a result of the analysis, it was concluded that the size of the spaces illuminated by the skylight, the length of the facade where the skylight is located, the floor where the space is located and its direction significantly affect the level of illumination. In line with the findings obtained in the study, it has been observed that the minimum skylight values given in the Planned Areas Zoning Regulation in force today do not provide sufficient daylight illumination, especially in the spaces on the ground floor. For this reason, solutions have been proposed to reach the level of visual comfort in spaces.

Working from home or back to the office? - The impact of the recent turbulence on office work

THE AIMS OF THE PAPER Previous studies have shown that office spaces are priority areas for research. The shocks of recent years, such as the pandemic, have radically changed the lives of office workers in particular, so researchers consider research related to office spaces increasingly relevant. This research aims to present a systematic literature review (SLR) on the relationship between turbulent times working from home (WFH) during the pandemic and outline the possibility of WFH during the pandemic and that the workers will continue to work in the home office. METHODOLOGY The study uses the method of systematic literature review to achieve the research goal. The process provides an opportunity to transparently collect empirical studies on the given research question. The research took place between 2021-2022, with 54 relevant literature items being included for processing. MOST IMPORTANT RESULTS Our results showed that working from home was and remained an industry-specific option. The competition for talent has intensified in recent years. Employers can get the most out of them, reconstruct their operations and determine what can be monitored remotely. Our results also show that the time, energy and cost of commuting to work are the second most influential motivational factors. In this way, the costs of the employers can also be reduced since they can optimize their office space in connection with the new work organization, thereby reducing their rent and overhead costs. RECOMMENDATIONS The literature review outlined that by adapting and rethinking the experiences during the pandemic, many organizations can organize their work processes more efficiently in the future in accordance with health regulations. Thanks to the shift towards a knowledge-based economy and the spread of Industry 4.0, remote work can be one of the decisive tools for curbing climate change. Acknowledgement: The research project is conducted within the Biomedical Engineering Project of the Thematic Excellence Programme framework. An application for ethical approval for the research methods used in the research "Parameterised comfort in physical spaces" was submitted to the Scientific and Research Ethics Committee of the Health Sciences Council, which granted ethical approval.

Adaptive Workplace with Indoor Health and Comfort Approach Toward Sustainable City

The Covid-19 pandemic has an impact on public health, including workplace occupant. The spread of the coronavirus occurs a lot in the workplace. Indoor health and comfort play an important role in providing a healthy and comfortable workplace. Work patterns during the Covid-19 pandemic have changed with the work from home and physical distancing policies. The arrangement of the workplace interior accompanied by indoor health comfort can affect the work experience of occupant. This study aims to produce an adaptive workplace layout design with an indoor health and comfort approach based on occupant perception toward sustainable city. This study uses mix methods with observation and questionnaire survey techniques. The object of research is ten offices in the Medan city, Indonesia. Observations were made to analyze the layout of the workplace, then questionnaires were distributed to employees to analyze their perceptions of comfort and the application of health protection in the workplace. The variables are lighting, ventilation, temperature and humidity, distance of workbench, and health protection. The results showed that the workplace must provide good air quality with the exchange of air through ventilation. Workbench spacing and the use of barriers are most recommended. A workplace with cubical layouts can be arranged parallel to the desk divider as a screen between desks. Whereas in a workplace with non-cubical layouts, work desks can use zig-zag or non-parallel seating arrangements and dividers between tables. Office buildings should prepare a workplace that concerned with space efficiency and comfortable indoor space.

Everywhere and Nowhere…All at Once

Following the tragedy of another shooting that happened in a visibly Queer space, this study explores how Queerness in rural spaces generates a spectrum of visibility. Men in Place (2019) by Miriam Abelson and Out in the Country: Youth Media and Queer Visibility in Rural America (2009) by Mary Gray, personal narratives/podcasts cultivated by Country Queers, and “place histories” such as Brandon Teena and Matthew Shepard which were highly visible cases of rural Queer overkill, are used as objects of study to explore the role and function of visibility in rural contexts. After exploring these rural Queer-centric narratives, I generated three thematic categories: working to preserve Queer comfort in rural spaces, identity work of rural Queerness, and fears and spaces of violence. I conclude by using the three categories to offer three implications for educational practices to complicate our understanding of Queer visibility in rural schools.

Neonatal family-centered care: evidence and practice models.

Although advances in neonatology have reduced the mortality rate of high-risk infants, sick newborns or pre-mature infants undergo more intensive monitoring, pain-ful procedures, and lengthy hospitalization, leading to pro-longed separation from their parents. In recent decades, the importance of parent-infant closeness early in life has become more apparent, especially in preterm infants who are prone to neurodevelopmental deficits. There is an increasing body of evidence regarding the benefits of family-centered care (FCC) in neonatal intensive care units. Key aspects related to neonatal FCC include the parents' presence in the ward and their participation in infants' daily care and decision-making processes. In addition, an environment that supports a private and comfortable space for each family member and infant, such as a single-family room, should be provided. To successfully implement FCC in neonatal intensive care units, the culture of care and hospital policies should be changed to successfully implement FCC in neonatal intensive care units, and appropriate training for medical staff is also required.

A Novel Dynamic Approach for Determining Real-Time Interior Visual Comfort Exploiting Machine Learning Techniques

The accurate assessment of visual comfort in indoor spaces is crucial for creating environments that enhance occupant well-being, productivity, and overall satisfaction. This paper presents a groundbreaking contribution to the field of visual comfort assessment in occupied buildings, addressing the existing research gap in methods for evaluating visual comfort once a building is in use while ensuring compliance with design specifications. The primary aim of this study was to introduce a pioneering approach for estimating visual comfort in indoor environments that is non-intrusive, practical, and can deliver accurate results without compromising accuracy. By incorporating mathematical visual comfort estimation into a regression model, the proposed method was evaluated and compared using real-life scenario. The experimental results demonstrated that the suggested model surpassed the mathematical model with an impressive performance improvement of 99%, requiring fewer computational resources and exhibiting a remarkable 95% faster processing time.

KAJIAN MODEL KELEMBAGAAN PERANAN DUNIA USAHA DALAM PENATAAN RUANG

One of the manifestations of development is the arrangement of areas according to spatial rules to create safe, comfortable, productive and sustainable spaces. As stated in the mandate of Law no. 26 of 2017 concerning Spatial Planning. Space includes land space, ocean, air and space in the earth. Judging from its nature, land is the center of all human activities, land as a strategic element of space is a basic need that concerns the livelihoods of many people. Land and Spatial Planning Policy within the investment framework is directed at efforts to encourage investment by reducing various obstacles, in order to foster competitiveness, it is this challenge that is the background of this study to initiate the need for a forum for the institutional model of Business World Awareness - Spatial Planning. This is intended to be able to carry out communication, consultative, participatory, advocacy in the implementation, utilization, supervision, and evaluation of spatial planning, especially among the business community which often experience problems/conflicts, as an effort to realize development that is productive, just and sustainable, by applying the principles, rules and norms of spatial planning.

Improving classroom thermal comfort of educational buildings: Case of Kantipur City College

Well-designed and thermally comfortable learning spaces contribute to better academic performance, enhanced concentration, and improved productivity of students. Thermal comfort is often one of the most overlooked design parameters while constructing educational buildings in Nepal. The Nepalese government has yet to develop design guidelines or regulations which ensures optimum indoor thermal comfort. Due to this, classrooms either lack insulation, have poor ventilation, or have overall poor thermal performance. This study illustrates how the use of passive design measures such as thermal mass, insulation, and glazing can help in improving the thermal comfort of students in such classrooms. Kantipur City College, an engineering college in Kathmandu was selected as a case study to evaluate the thermal environment of the classrooms. The field study also determined the existing comfort levels of students based on their thermal sensations and preferences. Design Builder Software was used to carry out the thermal simulation analysis and evaluate the impacts of passive design strategies when applied to the base classroom model. Field survey showed that the indoor temperatures were in the range of 27-32 °C, and students felt quite uncomfortable during the lesson hours. Results from simulation analysis revealed that providing insulation to the walls and ceilings, applying thermal mass, or changing the window glazing lowered temperatures by 2-4 °C. The study concluded that careful consideration of appropriate passive design measures can help to significantly lower indoor temperature during the summer and maintain thermal comfort in the classrooms.

Lighting Consistency of Master Bedroom Casa Jardin Bekasi with Ergonomic Level of Bedroom Lighting

To create a livable space, it is necessary to include interior design elements. For all the interior elements, 
 what I want to emphasize here is the lighting element. If there is no light in an interior, it can be said that the 
 interior is a “numb” design. With that, designing the right bedroom lighting design is very important to make a 
 comfortable and decent space to rest from a tiring day. Bedroom lighting must be designed with attention to 
 functionality and space capacity. The purpose of examining this design in more detail is to create a livable 
 master bedroom with good interior elements, to suppress the consistency of ergonomic residential design, and 
 to adapt the insights of interior designers who are fixated on the aesthetics of the room to be more thorough in 
 many factors such as lighting. Design of the Master Bedroom Casa Jardin Bekasi applies the Rosemary Kilmer 
 design method to find a design approach that suits the needs of the client, Casa Jardin. The application of 
 standard lighting requirements at a minimum level and also the requirements for a good light layout can affect the 
 health aspect, especially ergonomics in the design of the Master Bedroom. Master Bedroom Casa Jardin 
 Bekasi has a fairly optimal match with existing parameters and was compiled by experts to get good results for 
 health and ergonomics