Combined Panel Research Articles

Comparing Performance of Braced Circular Grid Panels and Braced Rectangular Thin Panels

Abstract: Now a days many industries have adopted metal shear panels (MSP’S) in steel structures. MSP’S are effective seismic force-resistant components that are widely used in seismic regions to resist lateral forces. Structural mitigation measures can be adopted to reduce structural damage through engineered actions to maintain structural stability and integrity. This study investigates seismic performance of a combined braced circular damped grid panels (BCDP) and comparing its performance with rectangular braced ductile thin shear panels (BDSP). BCDP specimens are made by replacing rectangular panels on BDSP specimens by concentric circular grids. The system consists of a wall panel, X braced system and to develop an efficient damping characteristics damped circular grid panels provided at crossing of X bracing. It is expected that when reverse cyclic load applied, whole load not transferred to the frame or bracing but to the circular grids. The result showed that when load applied, the frame will not fail instead the circular grid starts yielding and a greater number of cycles can be accommodated without failure and effectively increased seismic capabilities of the system. The specimens are designed and modelled under various parametric studies and investigated analytically. The study includes seismic analysis and push over analysis using ANSYS software.

M6A RNA methylation-mediated upregulation of HLF promotes intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma progression by regulating the FZD4/β-catenin signaling pathway

Hepatic leukemia factor (HLF) is aberrantly expressed in human malignancies. However, its role in regulating intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) remains unclear. This study aimed to define the role of HLF in ICC progression. Here, we showed that HLF expression is upregulated in ICC and predicts the poor prognosis in patients. Mechanistically, HLF activation in ICC is mediated by METTL3-dependent m6A methylation of the HLF mRNA. As per the results from the loss- or gain-of-function experiments, HLF promoted the self-renewal, tumorigenicity, proliferation and metastasis of ICC cells. RNA-seq and CUT&Tag analyses showed that frizzled-4 (FZD4) and forkhead box Q1 (FOXQ1) are target genes of HLF. Moreover, FOXQ1 transcriptionally activates METTL3 expression, forming a positive feedback loop, which subsequently activates WNT/β-catenin signaling and downstream tumor stemness. Furthermore, HLF expression was positively correlated with METTL3, IGF2BP3, FZD4 and FOXQ1 expression in ICC tissues in a large ICC cohort. The combined IHC panels exhibited a better prognostic value for patients with ICC than any of these components alone. In conclusions, these findings demonstrated that the METTL3/HLF/FOXQ1 regulatory circuit drove FZD4-mediated WNT/β-catenin activation in ICC progression, suggesting that targeting this axis could be novel therapeutic strategy for ICC.

Do we need more clinical trials?

Do we need more clinical trials?

Decreased Cerebrospinal Fluid Amyloid β 38, 40, 42, and 43 Levels in Sporadic and Hereditary Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy.

Vascular amyloid β (Aβ) accumulation is the hallmark of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). The composition of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of CAA patients may serve as a diagnostic biomarker of CAA. We studied the diagnostic potential of the peptides Aβ38, Aβ40, Aβ42, and Aβ43 in patients with sporadic CAA (sCAA), hereditary Dutch-type CAA (D-CAA), and Alzheimer disease (AD). Aβ peptides were quantified by immunoassays in a discovery group (26 patients with sCAA and 40 controls), a validation group (40 patients with sCAA, 40 patients with AD, and 37 controls), and a group of 22 patients with D-CAA and 54 controls. To determine the diagnostic accuracy, the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated using a receiver operating characteristic curve with 95% confidence interval (CI). We found decreased levels of all Aβ peptides in sCAA patients and D-CAA patients compared to controls. The difference was most prominent for Aβ42 (AUC of sCAA vs controls for discovery: 0.90, 95% CI=0.82-0.99; for validation: 0.94, 95% CI=0.89-0.99) and Aβ43 (AUC of sCAA vs controls for discovery: 0.95, 95% CI=0.88-1.00; for validation: 0.91, 95% CI=0.83-1.0). All Aβ peptides except Aβ43 were also decreased in sCAA compared to AD (CSF Aβ38: AUC=0.82, 95% CI=0.71-0.93; CSF Aβ40: AUC=0.88, 95% CI=0.80-0.96; CSF Aβ42: AUC=0.79, 95% CI=0.66-0.92). A combined biomarker panel of CSF Aβ38, Aβ40, Aβ42, and Aβ43 has potential to differentiate sCAA from AD and controls, and D-CAA from controls. ANN NEUROL 2023;93:1173-1186.

Diagnostic value of tumor-associated autoantibodies panel in combination with traditional tumor markers for lung cancer.

The diagnostic value of 7 tumor-associated autoantibodies (AABs) including p53, PGP9.5, SOX2, GAGE7, GBU4-5, MEGEA1, and CAGE for the detection of lung cancer has shown inconsistency in several studies. This study aimed to confirm the diagnostic value of 7AABs and to explore whether the diagnostic value would be improved by combining them with 7 traditional tumor-associated antigens (CEA, NSE, CA125, SCC, CA15-3, pro-GRP, and CYFRA21-1) in clinical settings. The plasma levels of 7-AABs were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 533 lung cancer cases and 454 controls. The 7 tumor antigens (7-TAs) were measured by Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay with Cobas 6000 (Roche, Basel, Switzerland). The positive rate of 7-AABs in the lung cancer group (64.00%) was significantly higher than that of healthy controls (47.90%). The 7-AABs panel was able to discriminate lung cancer from controls with a specificity of 51.50%. After combining the 7-AABs with 7-TAs, the sensitivity showed a significantly enhancement compared with 7AABs panel alone (92.09% vs 63.21%). In patients with resectable lung cancer, the combination of 7-AABs and 7-TAs improved the sensitivity from 63.52% to 97.42. In conclusion, our study found that the diagnostic value of 7-AABs was enhanced when combined with 7-TAs. This combined panel could be used as promising biomarker to detect resectable lung cancer in clinical settings.

Diagnostics and Therapeutic Potential of miR-205 and miR-34a in Ovarian Cancer Management: A miRNA-Target-Based Analysis.

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) treatment strategies mainly focused on surgery combined with chemotherapy. Recent targeted therapy techniques emerge as milestone and could be used for management of ovarian cancer (OC) progression with more efficacy. The aim is to evaluate the therapeutic and diagnostic potential of microRNA (miRNA) in management of EOC using in silico and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) expression analysis. We performed functional enrichment and miRNA-Target genes expression analysis in 48 EOC and 22 normal tissue samples using qRT-PCR and correlated with miRNA expression data in matched samples to evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of miRNA in OC management. In silico functional enrichment analysis revealed miRNA association with disease. Target genes of miRNAs participate in several biologically important pathways leading to cancer progression. Targets of miRNA-205 and miRNA-34a were significantly downregulated, and upregulated, respectively, in EOC. Moreover, significant negative correlation between relative expression of miRNA-205 and target genes (BCL2, ZEB1, E2F1, and TP53) was observed with r = -0.813; r = -0.755; r = -0.559; and r = -0.767, respectively. Similarly, miRNA-34a also showed higher negative correlation with target genes (MDM4, MAPK3, BRCA1, AREG) with r = -0.840; r = -0.870; r = -0.622; and r = -0.623, respectively. In addition, receiver operating characteristics analysis of combined miRNA panel, miRNA-205-Target gene panel, and miRNA-34a-Target gene panel exhibited higher diagnostics value with area under the curve (AUC) of 92.7 (p < 0.0001), 94.8 (p < 0.0001), and 98.3 (p < 0.0001), respectively. Negative Correlation between miRNA and target genes expression data in matched samples highlights therapeutic potential of miRNA in EOC management. Moreover, combined diagnostic potential of miRNA-target gene panel could predict risk of EOC with higher AUC, sensitivity, and specificity.

PENGARUH DIMENSI INKLUSI KEUANGAN DAN FINTECH TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI NEGARA BERKEMBANG DI ASIA DENGAN INDEKS INKLUSI KEUANGAN TINGGI

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; This study aims to determine the effect of access dimensions, availability dimensions, usage dimensions as indicators of financial inclusion and fintech on economic growth in Indonesia, India, Thailand, the Philippines and Cambodia which are developing countries in Asia with a high level of financial inclusion. The data used is a combined panel data between the crosssection data of the five countries and the time series in the 2015-2019 time period. By using the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) method, this study shows that the availability dimension with the number of commercial bank branch offices has a significant effect in a negative direction and the usage dimension with loans disbursed by commercial banks has a significant positive effect on economic growth. While the access dimension with indicators of ownership of commercial bank savings accounts and payment fintech has no significant effect on economic growth.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Justification of geotechnology for nonuniform geomechanical medium of Dzhamgyr gold ore deposit

The uncertain discontinuity and concentration of the mineralization at Dzhamgyr deposit govern the errors in the appraisal of the commercial ore reserves and in the choice of the optimal mining system parameters. In particular, the ore occurrence discontinuity is different when determined using the ore content coefficient in exploration blocks (observations along the block perimeter at a step of 3.5 m along the dip and strike) or the operational exploration data at a regular grid 3.5&times;(4&ndash;5) m. The accomplished research substantiates the geotechnology based on the geological medium discreteness. It is shown that the extraction-purpose delineation of ore and no-ore and generation of pillars allows using the mixed-type stoping flow chart in enlarged extraction panels. Feasibility of lumpiness-conditioned grading, screening and sensor-based calibration of gold-andquartz ore makes it possible to increase the minimum stoping thickness to 2.5&ndash;3 m at the high ore dilution of 70%. This enables using mechanized stoping in larger extraction panels (160&times;(120&ndash;160 m) in combination with shrinkage stoping and /or overhand stoping slicing of very rich (bonanza) ore. With the proposed geotechnology introduced, it is possible to implement planning of investment and economic development of production at the doubled mining output and annual ore extraction of 60 thousand tons at the reduced cost of stoping.The authors appreciate contribution of the Geotechnical Engineering Department Head E. A. Babkin,&nbsp;Vertex Gold Company, to preparation of this article.

ANALISIS PENGARUH JUMLAH PENDUDUK, PENDIDIKAN, TINGKAT PARTISIPASI ANGKATAN KERJA, UPAH MINIMUM KABUPATEN/KOTA DAN PRODUK DOMESTIK REGIONAL BRUTO TERHADAP PENGANGGURAN TERBUKA DI PROVINSI JAWA BARAT TAHUN 2018-2021

This study aims to find out how the effect of Population, Education, Labor Force Participation Rate, Regency/City Minimum Wage and Gross Regional Domestic Product has on open unemployment in West Java province in 2018-2021. This research data uses secondary data types in the form of combined panel data between cross-section data and time series data for 4 years starting from the 2018-2021 period. The data sources used were obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) and the Office of Manpower. Secondary data is data that is not taken directly, namely data taken from previous research or published libraries. The results of this study show that Population and Education have no effect on Open Unemployment in West Java Province in 2018-2021. The Labor Force Participation Rate variable has a negative effect on Open Unemployment in West Java Province in 2018-2021. District/City Minimum Wage Variable has a positive effect on Open Unemployment in West Java Province in 2018-2021. The Gross Regional Domestic Product variable has an effect negative towards Open Unemployment in West Java Province in 2018-2021. Implementation of policies taken by the government to overcome the response by creating wider employment opportunities, the government assists with knowledge insight and entrepreneurial spirit skills to MSMEs in the form of technical and management guidance, building social institutions that can guarantee an unemployed life.

Alterations of plasma exosomal proteins and motabolies are associated with the progression of castration-resistant prostate cancer

BackgroundCurrent diagnosis tools for prostate cancer (PCa) such as serum PSA detection and prostate biopsy cannot distinguish dormant tumors from invasive malignancies, either be used as prognosis marker for castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), the lethal stage of PCa patients. Exosomes have been widely investigated as promising biomarkers for various diseases. We aim to characterize the proteomic and metabolomic profile of exosomes and to evaluate their potential value for the diagnosis of PCa, especially CRPC. We also investigate the functions of some specific exosome biomarkers in the progression of CRPC.MethodsIntegrated proteomics and metabolomics analysis were performed for plasma-derived exosomes collected from tumor-free controls (TFC), PCa and CRPC patients. Expression of specific exosomal proteins were further validated by targeted 4D-parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) mass spectrometry among the three cohorts. Tissue distribution and functional role of exosomal protein LRG1 was studied in clinical PCa tissue samples and cell line models.ResultsThree potential exosomal protein markers were identified. The apolipoprotein E level in PCa samples was 1.7-fold higher than that in TFC (receiver operating characteristic value, 0.74). Similarly, the levels of exosome-derived leucine-rich alpha2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) and inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H3 (ITIH3) in the CRPC group were 1.7 and 2.04 times, respectively, higher than those in the PCa group (ROC values, 0.84 and 0.85, respectively), indicating that LRG1 and ITIH3 could serve as predictive markers for CRPC. For metabolomic evaluation of exosomes, a series of differentially expressed metabolites were identified, and a combined metabolite panel showed ROC value of 0.94 for distinguishing PCa from TFC and 0.97 for distinguishing CRPC from PCa. Immunohistochemistry of tissue microarray showed that LRG1 protein was significantly upregulated in advanced prostate cancer and functional assay revealed that ectopic expression of LRG1 can significantly enhance the malignant phenotype of prostate cancer cells. More importantly, PCa cell derived LRG1-overexpressed exosomes remarkably promoted angiogenesis.ConclusionIntegration of proteomics and metabolomics data generated proteomic and metabolic signatures of plasma exosomes that may facilitate discrimination of CRPC from PCa and TFC patients, suggesting the potential of exosomal proteins and metabolites as CRPC markers. The study also confirmed the important role of exosomal protein LRG1 in PCa malignant progression.

Improvement in the performance of an autoantibody panel in combination with heat shock protein 90a for the detection of early‑stage lung cancer.

The early diagnosis of lung cancer is closely associated with the decline of mortality. A panel consisting of seven lung cancer-related autoantibodies (7-AABs) has been shown to be a reliable and specific indicator for the early detection of lung cancer, with a specificity of ~90% and a positive predictive value of ~85%. However, its low sensitivity and negative predictive value limit its wide application. To improve its diagnostic value, the diagnostic efficiencies of 7-AABs in combination with non-specific tumor markers were retrospectively investigated for the detection of early-stage lung cancer. A total of 217 patients with small lung nodules who presented with ground-glass opacity or solid nodules as well as 30 healthy controls were studied. The concentrations of 7-AABs and heat shock protein 90a (HSP90a) were assessed using ELISA. Automated flow fluorescence immune analysis was used for the assessment of CEA, CYFRA21-1, CA199 and CA125 levels. The results showed that 7-AABs + HSP90a possessed a remarkably improved diagnostic efficiency for patients with small pulmonary nodules or for patients with lung nodules of different types, which suggested that 7-AABs in combination with HSP90a could have a high clinical value for the improvement of the diagnostic efficiency of early-stage lung cancer.

Prognostic MicroRNA Fingerprints Predict Recurrence of Early-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma Following Hepatectomy.

Purpose: This study aims to develop liquid biopsy assays for early HCC diagnosis and prognosis. Methods: Twenty-three microRNAs were first consolidated as a panel (HCCseek-23 panel) based on their reported functions in HCC development. Serum samples were collected from 103 early-stage HCC patients before and after hepatectomy. Quantitative PCR and machine learning random forest models were applied to develop diagnostic and prognostic models. Results: For HCC diagnosis, HCCseek-23 panel demonstrated 81% sensitivity and 83% specificity for identifying HCC in the early-stage; it showed 93% sensitivity for identifying alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-negative HCC. For HCC prognosis, the differential expressions of 8 microRNAs (HCCseek-8 panel: miR-145, miR-148a, miR-150, miR-221, miR-223, miR-23a, miR-374a, and miR-424) were significantly associated with disease-free survival (DFS) (Log-rank test p-value = 0.001). Further model improvement using these HCCseek-8 panel in combination with serum biomarkers (i.e. AFP, ALT, and AST) demonstrated a significant association with DFS (Log-rank p-value = 0.011 and Cox proportional hazards analyses p-value = 0.002). Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to integrate circulating miRNAs, AST, ALT, AFP, and machine learning for predicting DFS in early HCC patients undergoing hepatectomy. In this setting, HCCSeek-23 panel is a promising circulating microRNA assay for diagnosis, while HCCSeek-8 panel is promising for prognosis to identify early HCC recurrence.

Abstract P013: Impact of blood-based biomarkers for predicting lung cancer mortality in the PLCO cohort

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the utility of integrating a panel of circulating protein biomarkers in combination with a risk model based on subject characteristics for identifying individuals at high risk of harboring a lethal lung cancer. Methods: Data for a 4-marker protein panel (4MP) (consisting of the precursor form of surfactant protein B, cancer antigen 125, carcinoembryonic antigen, and cytokeratin-19 fragment) previously assayed in pre-diagnostic sera from 552 lung cancer cases and 2,193 non-cases from the Prostate Lung Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) cohort as well as a scores from a logistic regression model that combined the 4MP with the PLCOm2012 risk model were used for this study. Of the 552 lung cancer cases, 387 (70%) died from lung cancer. Cumulative incidence of lung cancer death as well as sub-distributional and cause-specific hazard ratios were calculated based on 4MP+PLCOm2012 risk scores at a pre-defined 1.0%/6-year risk threshold, which corresponds to current US Preventive Services Task Force screening criteria. For hazard modeling, stage at the time of clinical diagnosis and treatment modality were considered as co-variables. Results: When considering cases diagnosed within 1 year of blood draw and all non-cases, the performance estimate of the 4MP+PLCOm2012 model for risk prediction of lung cancer death was 0.88 (95% CI: 0.86-0.90). Among cases only, at the 1.0%/6-year risk threshold the cumulative incidence of lung cancer death was statistically significantly higher in ‘test positive’ cases compared to ‘test negative’ cases (Chi-square test: 5.42, P: 0.02). The adjusted sub distributional hazard ratio for ‘test positive’ cases was 1.67 (95% CI: 1.02-2.74). The adjusted lung-cancer death-specific hazard ratio for ‘test positive’ cases was 2.02 (95% CI: 1.28-3.17). Conclusions and Relevance: The blood-based biomarker panel in combination with PLCOm2012 identifies individuals at high risk of a lethal lung cancer. Citation Format: Ehsan Irajizad, Johannes F. Fahrmann, Jody V. Vykoukal, Jennifer B. Dennison, James P. Long, Kim-Anh Do, Edwin J. Ostrin, Sam Hanash. Impact of blood-based biomarkers for predicting lung cancer mortality in the PLCO cohort. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Precision Prevention, Early Detection, and Interception of Cancer; 2022 Nov 17-19; Austin, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Can Prev Res 2023;16(1 Suppl): Abstract nr P013.

Predictive Value of Serum YKL-40, Interleukin-37, and Cancer Antigen 125 Panel in Noninvasive Staging of Endometriosis

Abstract Background: The diagnosis of advanced endometriosis remains challenging with considerable limitations in the diagnosis of retroperitoneal and deep infiltrating lesions. Thus, a well-defined panel of inexpensive, noninvasive inflammatory biomarkers could be a crucial tool for appropriate staging for women with suspected endometriosis. The aim of this work is to explore the potential use of serum YKL-40, interleukin-37 (IL-37), and cancer antigen 125 (CA125) for noninvasive staging of endometriosis patients for proper intervention and most optimal management of the condition. Methods: This study was conducted on 90 women, who had undergone laparoscopic or laparotomy surgery due to suspected pelvic endometriosis. Blood samples for serum YKL-40, IL-37, and CA125 levels assay were taken from all participants at admission for laparoscopy or laparotomy. After histopathological confirmation of the diagnosis, the selected cases were immunostained for YKL-40, IL-37, and CA125. Results: YKL-40, IL-37, and CA125 serum levels were significantly elevated in patients with endometriosis than healthy controls. Moreover, the association between the serum level and immunoexpression and grading of endometriosis. A triple combination panel of serum YKL-40, IL-37, and CA125 was found to have the best sensitivity and specificity (96.67% and 100.0%, respectively) compared to any single serum marker alone or double combination panel in predicting the severity of endometriosis. Conclusions: A triple combination panel of serum YKL-40, IL-37, and CA125 could be used in the future for predicting endometriosis stage, providing a practical reference for making better-informed decisions on the best treatment plan.

Abstract P076: Contribution of the microbiome to a metabolomic signature predictive of risk for pancreatic cancer

Abstract Purpose: Emerging evidence implicates the microbiome in the development of pancreatic cancer. We investigated whether increased levels of microbial-related metabolites in circulation are associated with pancreatic cancer risk. Methods: We applied metabolomics profiling to sera from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cohort to quantify and build a model based on 14 microbial-related metabolites. The study involved samples collected from 172 subjects within five years prior to diagnosis and 863 matched controls. Data from five PLCO centers were used for training and from two centers for validation and model selection. The model was subsequently tested using samples from three independent centers. The contributions of non-microbial-associated metabolites as well as CA19-9 was also assessed. Results: A 3-marker microbial-related metabolite panel yielded in the PLCO testing set an AUC of 0.64 (95% CI: 0.53-0.76) for 5-year probability of pancreatic cancer. Five additional non-microbial metabolites were identified that when combined with the microbiome panel yielded an AUC of 0.79 (95% CI: 0.71-0.88) for 5-year probability of pancreatic cancer in the PLCO testing set. The combined metabolite panel and CA19-9 yielded an AUC of 0.86 (95% CI: 0.77-0.95) for 2-year probability of pancreatic cancer in the PLCO testing set, which was improved compared to CA19-9 alone (AUC: 0.70 (95% CI: 0.57-0.82), p&amp;lt; 0.001). Conclusion: We developed a metabolite panel derived in part from the microbiome for risk assessment of pancreatic cancer, which has relevance to prevention and early detection. Citation Format: Johannes F. Fahrmann, Ehsan Irajizad, Ana Kenney, Tiffany Tang, Jody Vykoukal, Ranran Wu, Jennifer B. Dennison, Marta Sans Escofet, James P. Long, Maureen Loftus, John A. Chabot, Michael D. Kluger, Fay Kastrinos, Lauren Brais, Ana Babic, Kunal Jajoo, Linda S. Lee, Thomas E. Clancy, Kimmie Ng, Andrea Bullock, Jeanine M. Genkinger, Anirban Maitra, Kim-Anh Do, Bin Yu, Brian M. Wolpin, Samir Hanash. Contribution of the microbiome to a metabolomic signature predictive of risk for pancreatic cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Precision Prevention, Early Detection, and Interception of Cancer; 2022 Nov 17-19; Austin, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Can Prev Res 2023;16(1 Suppl): Abstract nr P076.

Evaluating the expression of immunohistochemical panel of p53, CDX2, IMP3 and AMCAR in grading dysplasia of Barrett’s esophagus and predicting the progression to esophageal adenocarcinoma

Abstract Objective Barrett’s esophagus (BE) is an established precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma, which has a poor prognosis unless detected at an early stage. The progression of BE to adenocarcinoma is slow and unpredictable. Currently, the best predictor of adenocarcinoma is histological detection of dysplasia. Accurate grading of dysplasia and especially discriminating low-grade dysplasia LGD from high-grade dysplasia HGD is important for management. Marked variability exists when diagnosing dysplasia in BE. This highlights the need for a diagnostic adjunct, especially in histologically challenging cases. This study aims at evaluating the role of immunohistochemical expression of (p53, IMP3, AMCAR and CDx2) in Barrett’s oesophagus spectrum, to increase the diagnostic accuracy of grading dysplasia and predicting progression risk. Methods This is a retrospective immunohistochemical study, performed on selected 52 cases of esophageal biopsies. Results The p53 was negative in nondysplastic Barrett’s esophagus (ND-BE) and LGD and strong positivity towards HGD/esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). CDX2 showed highest expression among ND-BE and decreased towards EAD. IMP3 and AMCAR were negative in all cases of ND-BE with gradual increase among HGD/esophageal adenocarcinoma cases. IMP3, AMCAR, and CDX2 were found to be more sensitive in detecting HGD (80%, 70% &amp; 70%). Meanwhile, p53 is more specific (100%), IMP3 and AMCAR are more sensitive discriminating LGD from HGD (80%) than p53 and CDX2 (60%, 70%). Conclusion This combined panel of p53, CDX2, IMP3, and AMACR could be used in conjunction with histology as a promising tool to accurately predict progression form BE to HGD/adenocarcinoma with a great value for early detecting high grade dysplasia, discriminating it from LGD, improving risk stratification in BE, and optimizing patient care.

The association of body composition assessment with hospital length of stay in off-pump coronary artery bypass patients.

Bioelectrical impedance analysis is a widely available, non-invasive method for body composition assessment. To elucidate the perioperative body composition alterations and their prognostic utility for hospital length of stay (LOS) in low risk, off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) patients. Fifty patients undergoing elective OPCAB were included in the study. Body composition assessments were performed 1 day before the scheduled surgery and on the 6th postoperative day. Patients were grouped into < 9 days (n = 29, 58%) and ≥ 9 days (n = 21, 42%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to create a body composition-based screening panel for prolonged hospital stay. No significant differences in anthropometric measurements, clinical characteristics or occurrence of postoperative complications were detected between the study groups. Patients with longer hospitalization had significantly higher content of fat mass (FM%) and fat mass index (FMI), and significantly lower content of fat free mass (FFM%) baseline parameters (p = 0.011, p = 0.04 and p = 0.012, respectively). High FM% values had 15-fold, low FFM% values had 13-fold and high FMI values had 7-fold higher risk of experiencing longer stay in the hospital (p = 0.001, p = 0.001 and p = 0.005, respectively). The combined panel of three variables (higher FM%, lower FFM% and higher FMI) had 16-fold higher risk of longer hospitalization (adjusted OR = 16.40; 95% CI: 3.52-76.34; p = 0.0004). Preoperative high FM and low FFM content are independent predictors of prolonged hospital length of stay in normal- and increased-BMI patients after OPCAB.

An MGMT Allelic Variant Can Affect Biochemical Relapse in Prostate Cancer Patients.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most frequent neoplasms in men around the world. In recent years, the search for new biomarkers with greater prognostic potential for PCa has intensified. This study aimed to evaluate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and a combined panel of these polymorphisms in relation to biochemical recurrence in patients who were through prostatectomy, with an average of 7 years of follow-up. Patients diagnosed with PCa (n=197) participated in this cohort study. Thirteen SNPs were analyzed: rs2279115 (BCL-2), rs26677604 (CASP3), rs1052571 (CASP9), rs11781886 (NKX3-1), rs2735343 (PTEN), rs2494750 (AKT1), rs2699887 (PI3KCA), rs3195676 (AMACR), rs17302090 (AR), rs2536 (mTOR), rs1695 (GSTP1), rs2308321 (MGMT) and rs1544410 (VDR). Variants were combined and four main panels were defined: cell death, cell survival, growth receptors, and metabolism. Genotyping was performed by real-time PCR. We did not observe any significant relation between the panels of variants analyzed, apart from the rare allele (G) of rs2308321 (MGMT) that was associated with a higher risk of recurrence (p=0.036) when compared to the prevalent (A) in the allelic model. This MGMT variant occurs in an exon, and it could potentially affect DNA repair and, therefore, the biochemical relapse of PCa patients.

Clinical diagnosis and management of pancreatic cancer: Markers, molecular mechanisms, and treatment options

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the third-leading cause of cancer deaths. The overall 5-year survival rate of PC is 9%, and this rate for metastatic PC is below 3%. However, the PC-induced death cases will increase about 2-fold by 2060. Many factors such as genetic and environmental factors and metabolic diseases can drive PC development and progression. The most common type of PC in the clinic is pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, comprising approximately 90% of PC cases. Multiple pathogenic processes including but not limited to inflammation, fibrosis, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and proliferation of cancer stem cells are involved in the initiation and progression of PC. Early diagnosis is essential for curable therapy, for which a combined panel of serum markers is very helpful. Although some mono or combined therapies have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for PC treatment, current therapies have not shown promising outcomes. Fortunately, the development of novel immunotherapies, such as oncolytic viruses-mediated treatments and chimeric antigen receptor-T cells, combined with therapies such as neoadjuvant therapy plus surgery, and advanced delivery systems of immunotherapy will improve therapeutic outcomes and combat drug resistance in PC patients. Herein, the pathogenesis, molecular signaling pathways, diagnostic markers, prognosis, and potential treatments in completed, ongoing, and recruiting clinical trials for PC were reviewed.

Pembangunan Berwawasan Gender Dalam Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Indonesia Dan Perspektif Maqashid Syariah Jasser Auda

This study aimed to show the effect of gender-oriented development on Indonesia's economic growth and the role of gender-oriented development from the perspective of Jasser Auda's sharia maqashid. This research is a quantitative study using combined panel data analysis from cross-sections of 34 provinces in Indonesia with a time series from 2010-2021. The data source uses secondary data in the form of documentation obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics and the library. The data analysis technique uses panel regression. Testing the model's specification uses the fixed effect model (FEM) approach with the Eviews analysis tool. The results show that the ratio of the average length of schooling for women and men positively and significantly affects Indonesia's economic growth. The life expectancy ratio for women and men negatively affects Indonesia's economic growth. The ratio of expenditure per capita for women and men does not affect Indonesia's economic growth. Based on Jasser Auda's sharia maqashid perspective, gender-oriented development is seen as ammah maqashid. Then the welfare practices are evenly distributed, and there is no inequality between women and men. This research can complement existing theories and become a reference source for other researchers studying gender-oriented development, economic growth, and sharia maqashid.