Combined Detection Of Carcinoembryonic Antigen Research Articles

The combined detection of carcinoembryonic antigen, carcinogenic antigen 125, and carcinogenic antigen 19-9 in colorectal cancer patients.

Hepatic metastases are common and difficult to treat after colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery. The predictive value of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cancer antigen (CA) 125 and CA19-9 combined tests for liver metastasis is unclear. To evaluate predictive value of combined tests for CEA, CA125, and CA19-9 levels in patients with liver metastases of CRC. The retrospective study included patients with CRC alone (50 cases) and patients with CRC combined with liver metastases (50 cases) who were hospitalized between January 2021 and January 2023. Serum CEA, CA125 and CA19-9 levels were compared between the two groups, and binary logistic regression was used to analyze the predictive value of the combination of these tumor markers in liver metastasis. In addition, we performed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to assess its diagnostic accuracy. The results showed that the serum CEA, CA125 and CA19-9 levels in the CRC with liver metastasis group were significantly higher than those in the CRC alone group. Specifically, the average serum CEA level in the CRC with liver metastasis group was 162.03 ± 810.01 ng/mL, while that in the CRC alone group was 5.71 ± 9.76 ng/mL; the average serum CA125 levels were 43.47 ± 83.52 U/mL respectively. and 13.5 ± 19.68 U/mL; the average serum CA19-9 levels were 184.46 ± 473.13 U/mL and 26.55 ± 43.96 U/mL respectively. In addition, binary logistic regression analysis showed that CA125 was significant in predicting CRC liver metastasis (P < 0.05). ROC curve analysis results showed that the areas under the ROC curves of CEA, CA125 and CA19-9 were 0.607, 0.692 and 0.586. These results suggest that combined detection of these tumor markers may help early detection and intervention of CRC liver metastasis, thereby improving patient prognosis.

Clinical value of combined detection of Carcinoembryonic Antigen and CA125 in the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer combined with Malignant Pleural Effusion.

To investigate the clinical value of combined detection of carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) and CA125 in the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) combined with malignant pleural effusion. This was retrospective research. Fifty-six NSCLC patients combined with malignant pleural effusion in Baoding No.1 Hospital, China, from January 2020 to January 2022 were recruited as the malignant group, and another 56 NSCLC patients combined with pleural effusion in the same period were recruited as the benign group. Pleural effusion and serum specimens were collected from both groups and their carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 125(CA125) and SP70 antigen levels were measured respectively. The differences in index levels between the two groups were compared, and the value of the index in diagnosing NSCLC combined with malignant pleural effusion was analyzed. The positive rates of CEA, CA125 and SP70 antigen in pleural effusion were higher in the malignant group than in the benign group (p>0.05); The positive rates of CEA and CA125 in the malignant group were higher than those in the benign group (p>0.05), with no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the positive rates of SP70 antigen (p>0.05). ROC curve analysis revealed the value of serum CEA and CA12 in the diagnosis of NSCLC combined with malignant pleural effusion, while serum SP70 antigen had no diagnostic value (p>0.05). The combined detection of CEA, CA125 and SP70 antigen boasts a higher diagnostic value for NSCLC-mediated pleural effusion, with higher diagnostic value than the combined detection of serum indexes.

Carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 199 and carbohydrate antigen 724 in gastric cancer and their relationship with clinical prognosis.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a common malignant tumor of the digestive system with a high degree of malignancy. It usually develops insidiously without any specific symptoms in the early stages. As one of the diseases caused by abnormal gene changes, GC has abnormal expression of various oncogenes and products during its development. Tumor markers such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199) and carbohydrate antigen 724 (CA724) are not expressed or lowly expressed in normal people, but significantly increased after carcinogenesis. Monitoring the changes in the levels of tumor markers such as CEA, CA199 and CA724 is conducive to early diagnosis and evaluation of the occurrence of some solid tumors. To investigate the expression of CEA, CA199 and CA724 in GC and their correlation with clinical features, hoping to provide more effective markers for the early preventive diagnosis of GC. Of 87 patients with GC admitted to our hospital from September 2020 to December 2021 were included in the GC group, and another 80 healthy people who came to our hospital for physical examination with normal results during the same period were selected as the control group. The serum CEA, CA199, and CA724 levels were compared between the two groups, and the serum CEA, CA199, and CA724 levels were compared in patients with GC at different TNM stages, and the differences in the positive rates of CEA, CA199, and CA724 alone and in combination in detecting TNM stages of GC and GC were compared. In addition, the relationship between the levels of tumor markers CEA, CA199 and CA724 and the clinicopathological characteristics of GC patients was also analyzed. The relationship between the serum levels of CEA, CA199 and CA724 and the survival period of GC patients was analyzed by Pearson. The serum levels of CEA, CA199 and CA724 in GC group were significantly higher than those in control group (P < 0.05). With the increase of TNM stage, the serum CEA, CA199 and CA724 expression levels in GC patients increased significantly, and the differences between groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The positive rate of the CA724 single test was higher than that of CEA and CA199 single test (P < 0.05). The positive rate of the three combined tests was 95.40% (83/87), which was higher than that of CEA, CA199 and CA724 single tests. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The combined detection positive rates of CEA, CA199, and CA724 in stages I, II, III, and IV of GC were 89.66%, 93.10%, 98.85%, and 100.00% respectively, all of which were higher than the individual detection rates of CEA, CA199, and CA724. The differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in serum CEA, CA199 and CA724 levels between GC patients with different genders, smoking history and alcohol history (P > 0.05). However, the serum CEA, CA199 and CA724 levels were significantly higher in GC patients aged ≥ 45 years, TNM stage III-IV, with lymph node metastasis and tumor diameter ≥ 5 cm than in GC patients aged < 45 years, TNM stage I-II, without lymph node metastasis and tumor diameter < 5 cm (P < 0.05). The expression levels of serum tumor markers CEA, CA199 and CA724 in patients with GC are high and rise with the increase of TNM stage. The levels of CEA, CA199 and CA724 are related to age, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis and tumor diameter. The combined detection of CEA, CA199 and CA724 is helpful to improve the diagnostic accuracy of GC with high clinical guidance value.

Evaluation of high-risk factors and the diagnostic value of alpha-fetoprotein in the stratification of primary liver cancer.

BACKGROUNDAlpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is one of the diagnostic standards for primary liver cancer (PLC); however, AFP exhibits insufficient sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing PLC.AIMTo evaluate the effects of high-risk factors and the diagnostic value of AFP in stratified PLC.METHODSIn total, 289 PLC cases from 2013 to 2019 were selected for analysis. First, the contributions of high-risk factors in stratifying PLC were compared according to the following criteria: Child–Pugh score, clinical stage of liver cirrhosis, tumor size, and Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage. Then, the diagnostic value of AFP was evaluated in different stratifications of PLC by receiver operating characteristic curves. For PLC cases in which AFP played little role, the diagnostic values of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and AFP were analyzed.RESULTSThe roles of high-risk factors differed in stratified PLC. The incidence of smoking and drinking history was higher in PLC with Child–Pugh scores of C (P < 0.0167). The hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection rate in PLC with cirrhosis was more than in PLC without cirrhosis (P < 0.0167). Small tumors were more prone to cirrhosis than large tumors (P < 0.005). BCLC stage D PLC was more likely to be associated with HBV infection and cirrhosis (P < 0.0083). AFP levels were higher in PLC with cirrhosis, diffuse tumors, and BCLC stage D disease. In diagnosing PLC defined as Child–Pugh A, B, and C, massive hepatoma, diffuse hepatoma, BCLC stage B, C, and D, and AFP showed significant diagnostic value [all area under the curve (AUC) > 0.700]. However, these measures were meaningless (AUC < 0.600) in small hepatomas and BCLC A stage PLC, but could be replaced by the combined detection of CEA, CA 19-9, GGT, and AFP (AUC = 0.810 and 0.846, respectively).CONCLUSIONStratification of PLC was essential for precise diagnoses and benefited from evaluating AFP levels.

Image Risk Assessment of the Thyroid Cancer Model Based on Discriminant Analysis and the Value of TAP and CEA Combined Detection.

The incidence rate of thyroid disease is increasing rapidly worldwide, and the number of thyroid patients is increasing. In this study, serum TAP (tumor abnormal protein) and CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) were used to detect patients with thyroid nodules of class IV and above to explore the value of serum TAP combined detection of CEA in the risk assessment of thyroid cancer. In this paper, 400 patients with thyroid nodules above class IV diagnosed by physical examination in our hospital health management center from January 2019 to June 2021 were included in the study. Combined with the pathological test results, the patients were divided into risk groups. At the same time, different groups of serum TAP and CEA levels were detected by aggregation and electrochemiluminescence methods, and serum TAP and CEA levels were analyzed according to the pathological diagnostic indicators of CEA levels. The results showed that the levels of serum TAP and CEA in patients with thyroid cancer were significantly higher than those in patients with benign thyroid diseases, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The sensitivity, specificity, and AUC under the ROC curve area of serum TAP were 85.25%, 85.06%, and 0.605, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and AUC under the ROC curve area of serum CEA were 89.85%, 88.00%, and 0.627, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and AUC under the ROC curve area of serum TAP combined with CEA were 96.84%, 96.79%, and 0.915, respectively. Therefore, the combined detection of serum TAP and CEA has a high early screening value in thyroid cancer.

Clinical value of combined detection of serum CEA, CA199, CA125 in the diagnosis of lung cancer

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of combined detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199) and carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) in lung cancer. Methods From July 2017 to February 2019, 64 patients with lung cancer, 40 cases of benign pulmonary lesions and 40 healthy people were selected by random lottery in Fuyang Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University.Serum CEA, CA199 and CA125 levels of each group were analyzed. Results The levels of serum CEA, CA199 and CA125 in patients with lung cancer were significantly higher than those in patients with benign lung disease, the differences were statistically significant (t=18.355, P<0.001; t=11.757, P<0.001; t=10.754, P<0.001). The serum CA125 of lung benign disease group was significantly higher than the healthy group, and the difference was statistically significant(t=6.942, P<0.001). The positive rates of serum CEA, CA199 and CA125 in patients with lung cancer were significantly higher than those in the benign lung disease group and healthy group, the differences were statistically significant(χ2=22.110, P<0.001; χ2=13.321, P=0.002; χ2=15.125, P=0.001). The serum levels of CEA, CA199, and CA125 in patients with middle and advanced stage were significantly higher than those in the early stage, the differences between the advanced group and the early group were statistically significant (t=5.587, P<0.001; t=5.068, P<0.001; t=8.962, P<0.001). Those between the mid-term group and the early group had statistically significant differences (t=4.44, P<0.001; t=4.716, P<0.001; t=12.700, P<0.001). The CEA level of patients with advanced lung cancer was significantly higher than that of the intermediate patients.There was statistically significant difference in the CEA level between the advanced group and the mid-term group (t=3.860, P=0.001). Serum CA125 was the most sensitive in the diagnosis of lung cancer (60.84%), but had the lowest specificity (65.17%). CA125 compared with CA199, CEA, the difference was statistically significant (sensitivity: χ2=10.723, P<0.001 specificity: χ2=4.203, P=0.023). The sensitivity of CEA+ CA199+ CA125 combined detection was significantly higher than single detection, the difference was statistically significant(χ2=26.047, P<0.001), Conclusion The combined detection of serum CEA, CA125 and CA199 has high sensitivity in the diagnosis of lung cancer, which can improve the detection rate of early lung cancer and is worthy of clinical application. Key words: Lung neoplasms; Carcinoembryonic antigen; Antigens, tumor-associated, carbohydrate; Tumor markers, biological; Sensitivity; Specificity

Tumor markers in serum and ascites in the diagnosis of benign and malignant ascites.

To evaluate the values of 4 tumor markers in serum and ascites and their ascites/serum ratios in the identification and diagnosis of benign and malignant ascites. A total of 76 patients were selected as subjects and divided into malignant ascites group (45 cases) and benign ascites group (31 cases). Samples of ascites and serum of all hospitalized patients were collected before treatment. The levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), alpha fetoprotein (AFP), cancer antigen 125 (CA125) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) were detected by chemiluminescence (CLIA) . CEA, AFP and CA19-9 in both serum and ascites as well as CA125 in ascites were evidently higher in the malignant ascites group than in the benign ascites group (P<0.01). Malignant ascites was associated with elevated ascites/serum ratios for AFP and CA125 (P<0.01). The areas under receiver operating characteristic (AUROCs) of CEA and CA125 in ascites and the ratios of ascites/serum of AFP, CEA, CA125 and CA19-9 were all >0.7, suggesting certain values, while those of ascites CA19-9 and serum CEA were 0.697 and 0.629 respectively, indicating low accuracy in the identification and diagnosis of benign and malignant ascites. However, the AUROCs of the remaining indexes were <0.5, with no value for identification and diagnosis. Compared with single index, the sensitivity of combined detection increased significantly (P<0.05), in which the combined detection of CEA, CA19-9 and CA125 in ascites as well as the ratio of ascites/serum of CEA, CA19-9, CA125 and AFP had the highest sensitivity (98.4%) but with relevantly low specificity. Both sensitivity and specificity of combined detection should be comprehensively considered so as to choose the most appropriate index. Compared with single index, combined detection of tumor markers in serum and ascites can significantly improve the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity.

Investigation on the application significance of serum tumor biomarker HE4 detection in the diagnosis of lung cancer

Objective To investigate the expression level of tumor biomarker human epididymis protein 4( HE4)in tissue and serum of patients with lung cancer and its role in differential diagnosis of lung cancer. Methods HE4 expressions in lung adenocarcinoma,lung squamous cell carcinoma and cancer-adjacent tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry,and serum HE4 levels were determined in 214 patients with lung cancer and 76 healthy subjects by enzyme-linked immunobsorbent assay( ELISA). Simultaneously,the serum levels of squamous cell carcinoma antigen( SCC),carcinoembryonic antigen( CEA),cytokeratin 19 fragment( CYFRA21-1) and neuron-specific enolase( NSE) were determined. The results were compared and analyzed among the groups. Results Lung adenocarcinoma tissues showed stronger positive staining than lung squamous cell carcinoma tissues,and the negative staining was shown in cancer-adjacent tissues. The level of serum HE4 in lung cancer patients[85. 04( 64. 91,118. 40) pmol /L] was significantly higher than that of healthy controls [48. 48( 43. 12,58. 81) pmol /L,P 0. 01]. HE4 had a better diagnosis efficiency than CYFRA21-1 and CEA in non-small cell lung cancer through receiver operating characteristic( ROC) curve analysis. The positive rate of combined detection of SCC,CEA,CYFRA21-1 and NSE was 79.44% for lung cancer. However,HE4 improved the positive rate to 89. 72% when combined with this biomarker panel. In the diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma,the positive rate of combined detection of CEA and CYFRA21-1 was 68. 46%.Moreover,HE4 improved the positive rate to 82. 31% when combined with this biomarker panel. Conclusions HE4,as a biomarker of lung cancer,is a useful indicator for the early diagnosis of lung cancer.

Combined Detection of CEA, CK-19 and c-met mRNAs in Peripheral Blood: A Highly Sensitive Panel for Potential Molecular Diagnosis of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Objective: Detection of tumor-related mRNA in blood has become a potential cancer diagnostic approach. However, the sensitivity of single-marker assays is not high enough for clinical applications. The present study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a multimarker panel for molecular diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin 19 (CK-19), c-met and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) B1 mRNAs were quantified by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in 34 tumor tissues and 69 peripheral blood samples of NSCLC patients. Results: All four markers displayed high overexpression rates (range 82.3–97.1%) in NSCLC tumors. When used as single markers in blood for NSCLC diagnosis, CEA, CK-19, c-met and hnRNP B1 could only reach sensitivities of 52.2, 50.7, 42 and 17.4%, respectively. However, the sensitivity was enhanced up to 85.5% when CEA, CK-19 and c-met were combined in a 3-marker panel. Moreover, the expression of c-met and hnRNP B1 in blood was significantly correlated with patients’ pathological stages. Conclusions:The combined detection of CEA, CK-19 and c-met mRNAs in blood provided a valuable tool for molecular diagnosis of NSCLC. In addition, our results also suggested that hnRNP B1 was not a valuable diagnostic marker but a potential prognostic marker for NSCLC.