Combination Of rGO Research Articles

Non-radical mediated reduced graphene oxide/polypyrrole catalytic ceramic membrane-PDS system for source control of SMX

The activation of persulfate by a novel heterogeneous metal-free catalyst is of great significance in the efficient degradation of antibiotics. In this study, a novel reduced graphene oxide/polypyrrole ceramic membrane (rGO/PPy CM) integrated with in-situ peroxydisulfate (PDS) activation was operated for sulfamethoxazole (SMX) removal. Membrane confinement effect was used to enhance the interaction among SMX, PDS and catalytic membrane, whose removal rate of SMX reached 95 % after filtration for 10 min. Five-cycle filtration of SMX showed superior stability and reusability with all removal efficiencies above 90 %. Quenching experiments and in-situ open circuit potential testing established that this system maximized the induction of non-radical pathways for SMX degradation. rGO/PPy played a dual role as a PDS activator to form singlet oxygen and as an electron transfer medium. Density functional theory calculations illustrated that the combination of rGO and PPy enhanced the binding force with PDS, promoting non-radical oxidation. The possible degradation pathways of SMX by rGO/PPy CM-PDS system were proposed, including S-N bond cleavage, oxidation, aniline ring cleavage and hydroxylation. In general, this system enhanced the efficiency of PDS activation and SMX removal through membrane confinement and non-radical oxidation, which showed the promise of rGO/PPy CM in water purification.

UV light driven photocatalytic degradation of ibuprofen drug by polyaniline supported rGO@MnO2 nanocomposite

The present study exfoliates the successful synthesis of PANI–rGO@MnO2 NC using reinforcement of Manganese (IV) oxide nanoparticles (MnO2 NPs) in the reduced graphene oxide (rGO) matrix and then in situ copolymerization of aniline monomer. The synthesized material was characterized by different analytical techniques such as FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX, DLS, TEM, XPS, and UV–Vis spectroscopic methods which confirmed the successful synthesis of the material. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) analysis indicated an improved current density for the synthesized PANI–rGO@MnO2 NC which suggest that attachment of MnO2 with PANI and rGO resulted in improved electron transfer process and slow rate of electro-hole recombination. The UV–Vis spectroscopy also supports the results exhibited by CV and suggested that the combination of rGO, MnO2 with PANI resulted in a material with enhanced optical properties with an energy bandgap of 1.45 eV. The synthesized material was investigated for the photocatalytic degradation of ibuprofen (IBP) drug and exhibited 93% photocatalytic efficiency towards IBP degradation at pH 4, 10 mg of catalyst dose, 25 mg L−1 IBP concentration, and 120 min of UV irradiation. The photocatalytic data was best simulated by Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L–H) pseudo-first-order models to explain the kinetics of degradation and the value of the apparent rate constant (kapp) was found to be 0.027 min−1 for 10 mg L−1 IBP, 0.032 min−1 for 15 mg L−1 IBP, 0.039 min−1 for 20 mg L−1 IBP and 0.047 min−1 for 25 mg L−1 IBP. The scavenger experiments revealed the primary role of superoxide (O2−) radicals in the degradation of IBP and observed a total organic carbon (TOC) reduction of 72% in 120 min of UV irradiation.

Synergistic effect of hybrid reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) reinforcement on microstructure, mechanical and biological properties of magnesium-based composite

Magnesium (Mg) was considered as a new kind of biomaterial implant due to its biodegradability and biocompatibility. Nevertheless, sufficient mechanical properties and low degradation rates in physiological environments are required. In this research, we have demonstrated that a network structure is developed from the reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which inhibited face-to-face aggregation of rGO nano-platelets by straight CNTs inserted into adjacent rGO nano-platelets. The combination of rGO and CNTs was then used to strengthen the Mg-based nanocomposite fabricated using semi-powder metallurgy. The compressive strength and strain to fracture were maximally achieved 326.7 MPa and 11.58%, respectively for composite with 0.16 wt% CNTs and 0.5 wt% rGO. It was due to the effective load transfer and energy absorption of rGO and CNTs. Mechanisms for crack tip shielding, crack bridging and crack deflection was found to be responsible for mechanical enhancement. The electrochemical tests showed that the composite with the lowest CNTs concentration has the best corrosion resistance. In addition, the apatite-forming ability of composite in simulated body fluid (SBF) and cell culture experiments demonstrated favorable composite bioactivity and biocompatibility. Evaluation of the antibacterial activity showed that the growth and penetration of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria could be significantly inhibited with increasing rGO-CNTs hybrid content in Mg alloy. This study may open the doors to the fabrication of Mg-based nanocomposite implants containing rGO-CNTs hybrid fillers for load-bearing applications.

Reduced graphene oxide decorated transition metal manganese vanadium oxide nanorods for electrochemical supercapacitors and photocatalytic degradation of pollutants in water

BackgroundGraphene-based nanostructured metal oxides have great attention in the field of electrochemistry and photochemistry due to their electrochemical, optical, and electronic properties. This Mn2V2O7-rGO hybrid catalyst demonstrated excellent stability and reusability, indicating that it is an efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly catalyst. MethodsOur research aims to develop effective supercapacitor (SC) electrodes and photocatalysts by incorporating reduced graphene oxide (rGO) into manganese vanadium oxide (Mn2V2O7) nanorods to generate a Mn2V2O7-rGO hybrid composite via a single-step hydrothermal process. As prepared catalysts are investigated using different analytical methods such as optical, morphological, XPS, and ESR for radical analysis. Significant findingsThe Mn2V2O7-rGO nanorods coated on a carbon sheet exhibited a specific capacitance of 882 Fg−1 at 0.6 current density. The Mn2V2O7-rGO supercapacitor also exhibited long-term cyclic stability, with 88% of its original specific capacitance remaining after 2000 cycles. These findings open a new pathway for SCs as promising electrode materials. The Mn2V2O7-rGO hybrid was then tested for photocatalytic activity using ciprofloxacin (CIP). The photocatalytic reduction process destroyed >96% of the CIP after 60 min. The prepared catalyst was then used to investigate the electron transfer mechanism. The combination of rGO and Mn2V2O7 formed a conductive nano-network, yielding a highly active material.

Electrical Properties of Polyetherimide-Based Nanocomposites Filled with Reduced Graphene Oxide and Graphene Oxide-Barium Titanate-Based Hybrid Nanoparticles.

The electrical properties of nanocomposites based on polyetherimide (PEI) filled with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and a graphene oxide hybrid material obtained from graphene oxide grafted with poly(monomethyl itaconate) (PMMI) modified with barium titanate nanoparticles (BTN) getting (GO-g-PMMI/BTN) were studied. The results indicated that the nanocomposite filled with GO-g-PMMI/BTN had almost the same electrical conductivity as PEI (1 × 10−11 S/cm). However, the nanocomposite containing 10 wt.% rGO and 10 wt.% GO-g-PMMI/BTN as fillers showed an electrical conductivity in the order of 1 × 10−7 S/cm. This electrical conductivity is higher than that obtained for nanocomposites filled with 10% rGO (1 × 10−8 S/cm). The combination of rGO and GO-g-PMMI/BTN as filler materials generates a synergistic effect within the polymeric matrix of the nanocomposite favoring the increase in the electrical conductivity of the system.

Corrosion properties and surface free energy of the Zn[sbnd]Al LDH/rGO coating on MAO pretreated AZ31 magnesium alloy

Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) is one of the promising surface treatment methods that can enhance the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys. However, the existence of pores and microcracks significantly restricts the further advancement of corrosion resistance. In this study, effective and environmentally friendly materials, layered double hydroxides (LDH), with and without combination of rGO (reduced graphene oxide) nanosheets, were employed to seal the pores and micro-cracks in order to enhance the anti-corrosion and degradation performance of the MAO coating on AZ31. Microstructural morphologies and crystallography of the coatings were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The corrosion performances of coatings were investigated by an electrochemical workstation. Moreover, hydrophobicity and surface free energy of the synthesized coatings were measured by sessile drop method. The characterization results demonstrated that incorporation of the GO sheet with ZnAl LDH flakes could effectively enhance the anti-corrosion properties (iCorr = 5 nA/cm2) and long-term degradation of the MAO coating. Furthermore, the GO plates were reduced to rGO during the hydrothermal process, which further improves the hydrophilicity and lowers the surface free energy of the coatings, i.e. γMAO−LDH/rGOs=17.8mNm<γMAO−LDHs=24.7mNm<γMAOs=43.1mNm.

A superfine glass fibre air filter with rapid response to photocatalytic antibacterial properties under visible light by loading rGO/ZnO.

The development of high-performance air filter has become more and more important to public health. However, it has always been very challenging for developing a multifunctional air filter to simultaneously achieve excellent filtration and antibacterial properties. Herein, a versatile air filter was prepared with loading the reduced graphene (rGO) and zinc oxide on the superfine glass fibre (s-GF) with the three-dimensional network structure by in situ sol–gel process followed by calcination, which aims to achieve synergistic high-efficiency air filtration and rapid response to photocatalytic antibacterial properties under visible light. The air filter showed a three-dimensional network structure based on a rGO/ZnO/s-GF multilayer and exhibited the highest catalytic performance by achieving a 95% degradation effect on rhodamine B within 2 h and achieving 100% antibacterial inactivation of the Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus within 4 h under visible light when the weight ratio of rGO in rGO/ZnO is 1.6%. The air filtration efficiency can also be maintained at 99% after loading ZnO and rGO photocatalytic particles. The spectrum of the photoluminescence (PL), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS) and electron spin resonance (ESR) indicate that the combination of rGO and ZnO on the s-GF can increase the separation of photogenerated carriers and the specific surface area of the air filter, thereby increasing the photocatalytic response and antibacterial properties of the s-GF air filter under visible light in a short time.

The controllable assembly of the heterojunction interface of the ZnO@rGO for enhancing the sensing performance of NO2 at room temperature and sensing mechanism

ZnO@the reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanorod arrays were grown in-situ on the ceramic tube substrate by one-step hydrothermal without any template or surfactant. The reduced graphene oxide was evenly coated around the ZnO nanorods through the controllable assembly of the rGO and ZnO heterojunction interface. rGO contributed to the improvement of material conductivity and provided more active sites to adsorb NO2 molecules. The combination of rGO and ZnO significantly enhanced the response of the composite to NO2 at room temperature. It showed an excellent selectivity to NO2 and a good linear relationship in the concentration range of 0.1∼10 ppm. In order to explore the response mechanism of ZnO@rGO composite to NO2, the change of element composition and status was performed by XPS technology before and after the exposure of the composite to NO2. The gaseous products after the reaction were also tested by GC–MS technology. DFT calculations were performed based on the test results, which demonstrated that the p-n heterostructure produced by the ZnO@rGO composite had a beneficial effect on improving the gas response capability.

Non-woven polyester fabric-supported cuprous oxide/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue

Graphene oxide (GO) and reduced GO (rGO) have become the most exciting material in the applications for photocatalysts. However, the GO composite film-based high-activity photocatalyst is usually not durable in aqueous solution. Therefore, in this paper, the non-woven polyester fabric (NWPF)-supported cuprous oxide nanoparticles (Cu2O) decorated on rGO (Cu2O/rGO@NWPF) membrane were suggested to synthesize via chemical reduction method. The Cu2O/rGO@NWPF nanocomposite was characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis. The combination of rGO and Cu2O particles supported on NWPF exhibited enhanced photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) under solar light and achieved 96% of MB removal efficiency in 120 min. The photocatalytic mechanism and the synergistic effects between Cu2O nanoparticles and rGO sheets were comprehensively investigated. The Cu2O/rGO@NWPF catalyst showed excellent stability with retained catalytic activity in four consecutive recycles. The obtained results indicated that the Cu2O/rGO@NWPF composite has a good application potential to large-scale water treatment at lakes or rivers.

Electrochemical performance comparison study of ternary RGO/ß-Ni(OH)2-CeO2 nanocomposite prepared from hydrothermal and solid-state methods for supercapacitors

In this paper, a novel ternary RGO/β-Ni(OH)2-CeO2 nanocomposite (NC) was synthesised through facile, one-step hydrothermal, and solid-state methods. The structural, morphological, and elemental composition analyses of powder composites were characterised by various techniques such as XRD, FTIR, TEM, and EDX. The electrochemical performance of RGO/β-Ni(OH)2-CeO2 composites prepared by hydrothermal and solid-state methods coated on Ni foam in presence of 3 M KOH an aqueous solution was studied through CV, GCD, and EIS techniques. The specific capacitance of 788 F g−1 achieved at a current density 0.5 A g−1 was observed for the SSM-2 sample at 250 °C calcination temperature as a result of the synergic effect and combination of RGO, β-Ni(OH)2, CeO2 compounds. The obtained electrochemical results show that the present novel ternary RGO/β-Ni(OH)2-CeO2 working electrode fabricated from the solid-state method is suitable for the next generation supercapacitor applications.

Highly stable reduced graphene oxide-encapsulated Ce-MOF composite as sensing material for electrochemically detecting dichlorophen

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as porous materials have been widely used in electrochemical sensing field. Unfortunately, their low electrical conductivity and poor stability in the aqueous solution limit their application. To overcome these shortcomings, in this study, a novel reduced graphene oxide-encapsulated Ce-MOF (RGO@Ce-MOF) composite was synthesized by using a simple and green method. Ce-MOF and GO were firstly casted onto glassy carbon electrode, respectively, and then GO was reduced to RGO through electrochemical reduction strategy. The proposed encapsulated structure of RGO@Ce-MOF effectively improved the stability of Ce-MOF by preventing decomposition of MOF in solution. The combination of RGO and Ce-MOF can also significantly promote the conductivity of composite. Then, the obtained RGO@Ce-MOF composite was utilized as electrode material for the detection of dichlorophen (Dcp), a halogenated phenolic intermediate for synthesis of pesticide. The electrochemical properties of the proposed sensor were investigated by electrochemical techniques in detail. Benefiting from the synergy between Ce-MOF and RGO, the RGO@Ce-MOF can be used to detect Dcp with a wide linear range from 0.02 μM to 10 μM and a low detection limit of 0.007 μM (S/N = 3). Furthermore, the RGO@Ce-MOF electrode showed acceptable reproducibility and good selectivity. This method was applied to detect Dcp in the real samples with satisfying results.

Cobalt Diselenide@Reduced graphene oxide based nanohybrid for supercapacitor applications

Cobalt selenide@reduced graphene oxide (CoSe2@rGO) nanohybrid was successfully synthesized by a facile one-pot hydrothermal method and the electrochemical performance of the nanohybrid was evaluated for supercapacitor applications. The CoSe2@rGO nanohybrid show superior electrochemical performance in terms of the specific capacitance (449 F g−1 at 2 mV s−1, 219 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1) and enhanced cyclic stability (91.3% capacitance retention for 5000 cycles) relative to pure CoSe2 (196 F g−1 at 2 mV s−1, 99 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1). Such a highly improved specific capacitance found in the CoSe2@rGO nanohybrid electrode is mainly attributed to the nanosized CoSe2 grains with perfect redox property, more electro-active sites induced by synergetic effect at the interface of CoSe2 and rGO, and high specific area of rGO nanosheets. Besides, with the combination of rGO, the electrical conductivity of the CoSe2@rGO nanohybrid is highly enhanced, the ion/electron diffusion path is also reduced leading to faster charge transport during charging/discharging process with an improved cyclic stability.

Self-Recharging Reduced Graphene Oxide-Prussian Blue Electrodes for Transparent Batteries

Numerous applications are dependent on the preparation of transparent thin films, including electrochromic windows, touch screens, and solar cells; however, transparent batteries, an essential component in fully integrated transparent devices, have not yet been properly explored in the literature. Here, we report the preparation of a transparent rGO/Prussian blue self-rechargeable cathode battery. Through the combination of rGO, iron hexacyanoferrate electrode exhibits higher crystallinity, better electrical conductivity, and excellent electrochemical stability. Due to the singular interfacial method used for the film preparation, an intimate contact between PB nanoparticles and the carbonaceous material was provided, with superior electrochemical performance in potassium-ion batteries. As a cathode, the rGO/PB film yields an initial discharge capacity of 120 mA h g–1 at a current of 173.7 mA g–1, and an excellent specific capacity stability, with the maintenance of 95.5% of initial value after the applic...

A carnation-like rGO/Bi2O2CO3/BiOCl composite: efficient photocatalyst for the degradation of ciprofloxacin

A ternary reduced graphene oxide based Bi2O2CO3/BiOCl (rBB) composite was prepared for the first time via a facile hydrothermal approach. The composite has a carnation-like morphology and consists of self-assembled nanoplates. Due to the unique structure and synergistic effect existing among reduced graphene oxide (rGO), Bi2O2CO3 and BiOCl nanoplates, the rBB composite exhibits good photocatalytic activity toward the degradation of ciprofloxacin, which is much higher than that of previously reported oxygen-containing bismuth compound photocatalyst. The combination of rGO with Bi2O2CO3/BiOCl greatly improves the visible-light-driven catalytic activity of the composite with the highest degradation efficiency achieved at a rGO content of 1.0 wt%. 83% of the degradation efficiency can be retained after five cycles, and no obvious decrease is observed from the third cycle. Photogenerated holes and hydroxyl radicals are proved to be the major oxidative species in the degradation. The photocatalytic performance of rBB toward degradation of Tetracycline, Methyl Blue and Rhodamine B is also found quite desirable, making rBB a promising broad spectrum photocatalyst.

Preparation of RGO-P25 Nanocomposites for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Ammonia in Livestock Farms

In this paper, the Hummer’s method was used to prepare the compound catalyst of reduced graphene and TiO2 (RGO-P25), and the sand core plate was used as the carrier to provide the theoretical basis for the application of animal environmental purification by exploring the degradation of ammonia in RGO-P25. Characterization results show that the band gap of P25 is reduced from 3.14 eV to 2.96 eV after the combination of RGO, and the recombination rate of the photogenerated electrons and holes also decreased significantly, both resulting in the improvement of ammonia degradation by composite catalysts. Experimental results show that the carrier (sand core plate) and RGO-P25 are effectively stabilized with Si–O–Ti, but the blank core plate carrier could not degrade the ammonia, and its adsorption is not obvious, only 5% ± 1%, under 300 W ultraviolet lamp irradiation, the degradation rates of P25, RGO and RGO-P25 for ammonia at initial concentrations of 119–124 ppm were 72.25%, 81.66% and 93.64%, respectively. P25 dispersed through RGO can effectively adsorb ammonia on the surface to provide a reaction environment and thereby improve its photocatalytic efficiency, thus, endowing the RGO-P25 composites with higher photocatalytic degradation performance than RGO or P25 individually.

Reduced Graphene Oxide-Incorporated SnSb@CNF Composites as Anodes for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are promising alternatives to lithium-ion batteries because of the low cost and natural abundance of sodium resources. Nevertheless, low energy density and poor cycling stability of current SIBs unfavorably hinder their practical implementation for the smart power grid and stationary storage applications. Antimony tin (SnSb) is one of the most promising anode materials for next-generation SIBs attributing to its high capacity, high abundance, and low toxicity. However, the practical application of SnSb anodes in SIBs is currently restricted because of their large volume changes during cycling, which result in serious pulverization and loss of electrical contact between the active material and the carbon conductor. Herein, we apply reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-incorporated SnSb@carbon nanofiber (SnSb@rGO@CNF) composite anodes in SIBs that can sustain their structural stability during prolonged charge-discharge cycles. Electrochemical performance results shed light on that the combination of rGO, CNF, and SnSb alloy led to a high-capacity anode (capacity of 490 mAh g-1 at the 10th cycle) with a high capacity retention of 87.2% and a large Coulombic efficiency of 97.9% at the 200th cycle. This work demonstrates that the SnSb@rGO@CNF composite is a potential and attractive anode material for next-generation, high-energy SIBs.

Composites of Layered M(HPO4)2 (M = Zr, Sn, and Ti) with Reduced Graphene Oxide as Anode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries.

Tetravalent metal phosphates (M(HPO4)2, M = Zr, Sn, and Ti) have robust layered structures with interlayer d spacings over 7.5 Å, but show poor electrical conductivity. On the other hand, single-atomic-layered reduced graphene oxide (rGO) sheets exhibit a high electrical conductivity. In this work, the combination of rGO and M(HPO4)2 is explored for their potential as anode materials for lithium ion batteries (LIBs). Specifically, rGO/M(HPO4)2 composites are prepared, and their electrochemical performances are investigated systematically. In comparison with bare M(HPO4)2, the rGO/M(HPO4)2 composites exhibit larger specific capacity, higher rate capability, better cyclic stability, lower voltage for lithium ion insertion and extraction, and improved first Coulombic efficiency. We propose that the superior electrochemical performances of the composites are primarily contributed to the large interlayer space of M(HPO4)2 and the rGO sheets cladded on the surfaces of the layered M(HPO4)2. The attached rGO sheets bridge the layers together forming a network that is beneficial for the electron and ion diffusion within the composites, thus enhancing the discharge/charge rate capability of the composites. In addition, the attached rGO sheets provide extra anchoring sites for Li+; the specific capacity of the composites as anode materials is thus enhanced.

MOF-reduced Graphene Oxide Composites with Enhanced Electrocatalytic Activity for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Development of inexpensive and scalable cathode catalysts that can efficiently catalyze the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is of significance in practical application of fuel cells. The oxygen reduction activity of the MOF-based catalyst is much lower than that of Pt, which is mainly due to the high overpotential. In this work, we designed a superior composite named Co@Co3O4-reduced graphene oxide (Co@Co3O4-rGO) derived from MOF-rGO by an in-situ synthetic method which gathered both the advantages of MOF and rGO. The Co2+ which belongs to the MOF provides the metal source, while the N sources are supplied by the organic ligands benzimidazole. With the combination of rGO, Co@Co3O4-rGO has got a higher specific surface area and much better transport pathways for oxygen and the electrolyte than Co@Co3O4-C derived from the pure MOF. The half-wave potential, onset potential of Co@Co3O4-rGO are close to the superior commercial Pt/C catalyst. The number of electron transfer in the process of catalytic oxygen reduction is close to 4, the excellent properties benefited from the synergistic effect of rGO and MOF.

Mechanistic investigation of visible light driven novel La2CuO4/CeO2/rGO ternary hybrid nanocomposites for enhanced photocatalytic performance and antibacterial activity

Abstract A facile approach for the synthesis of La 2 CuO 4, CeO 2, La 2 CuO 4 /CeO 2 and novel La 2 CuO 4 /CeO 2 /rGO hybrid nanocomposites were demonstrated via solvothermal assisted homogeneous precipitation method. The surface morphology, phase and crystal structure of the synthesized materials were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The photocatalytic performance to oxidize a target pollutant RB160 dye and inactivation of bacteria in aqueous solution was investigated under the illumination of visible light. Absorption range and band gap energy were investigated by UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–vis DRS). The combination of rGO with La 2 CuO 4 /CeO 2 nanocomposites leads to a better photocatalytic activity than other bare synthesized materials. Typically, 10 mg/l of RB160 could be almost completely oxidized in 150 min and 0.01 g/l of La 2 CuO 4 /CeO 2 /rGO, exhibiting a promising application of the photocatalyst in the degradation of aqueous organic pollutants. The efficiency of RB160 decomposition increased with increasing pH (5–11) and catalyst dosage (0.01–0.03 g/l), but it gets decreased with increasing initial RB160 concentration (10–30 mg/l) and from that the optimum condition for the better photocatalytic performance was identified. Furthermore, the antibacterial activity of La 2 CuO 4 /CeO 2 /rGO hybrid nanocomposite was also investigated by using two different bacteria in typical aqueous medium and the results were showed highly efficient visible light driven photocatalytic antibacterial activity. The enhanced photocatalytic and antibacterial activity of La 2 CuO 4 /CeO 2 /rGO is promising for the further application of visible light driven photocatalyst in polluted water treatment.

An ultrasensitive electrochemical biosensing platform for fructose and xylitol based on boronic acid-diol recognition

An ultrasensitive electrochemical biosensing platform was developed for fructose and xylitol based on boronic acid-diol recognition. The sensing element of the platform was constucted by poly(3-aminophenylboronic acid)-reduced graphene oxide (PAPBA-RGO) modified electrode. The combination of RGO with PAPBA could remarkably enhance electrical conductivity of PAPBA film and significantly improve sensitivity of PAPBA to analyte. When the electrode was immersed in solution with fructose or xylitol, complexation of boronic acid groups of PAPBA with fructose or xylitol would occur at the proposed electrode and simultaneously cause sterical effect, resulting in hindering redox probe like ferricyanide to access the proposed electrode. Electrochemical determination of fructose or xylitol was performed by detecting the peak current change of ferricyanide. Our results showed with the increasing concentration of fructose or xylitol, peak current of ferricyanide continously decreased. The response range for both fructose and xylitol was 1×10−12–1×10−2M with a limit of detection of 1×10−12M for fructose and 6×10−13M for xylitol, respectively. Furthermore, the proposed electrode was employed for gum sample analysis.