Packed Column Research Articles

CFD-based shape optimization of structured packings for enhancing separation efficiency in distillation

Free-form shape optimization techniques are investigated to improve the separation efficiency of structured packings in laboratory-scale distillation columns. A simplified simulation model based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for the mass transfer in the distillation column is used and a corresponding shape optimization problem is formulated. The goal of the optimization is to increase the mass transfer in the column by changing the packing's shape, which has been previously used as criterion for increasing the separation efficiency of the column. The computational shape optimization yields promising results, with an increased mass transfer of nearly 20%. For validation, the resulting optimized shape is additively manufactured using 3D-printing and investigated experimentally. The experimental results are in good agreement with the performance improvement predicted by the computational model, yielding an increase in separation efficiency of around 20%.

Efficient Carbon Dioxide Capture in Packed Columns by Solvents Blend Promoted by Chemical Additives

Efficient Carbon Dioxide Capture in Packed Columns by Solvents Blend Promoted by Chemical Additives

Citric acid functionalized chitosan hydrogel beads for enhanced Cr(VI) removal: Experimental assessment and COMSOL modelling of adsorption in a fixed-bed system

Chitosan hydrogel beads (CHB) and cross-linked CHB functionalized with tricarboxylic citric acid (CA-GLA-CHB) were synthesized and used for the removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions in batch and dynamic adsorption systems. Applicability of COMSOL Multiphysics software as a tool for predictive modelling of column dynamics using a minimum set of experimental parameters was tested and compared with experimental results. Batch experiments demonstrated that CA-GLA-CHB showed almost 20% higher adsorption capacity and wider operational pH range compared to non-functionalized CHB. In a dynamic system, CA-GLA-CHB was used as column packing material and the column dynamics was investigated at different conditions. The breakthrough and exhaustion time of the column increased with an increase in bed height and a decrease in feed flow rate and initial Cr(VI) concentration. Computational modeling by COMSOL software with implemented Advection-Dispersion-Reaction (ADR) equation was used to simulate breakthrough curves for the applied dynamic system in order to validate the possibility of its application for process design in the scaled-up fixed-bed column systems for wastewater treatment. The simulated breakthrough curves of Cr(VI) adsorption matched well with the experimental, thus proving that COMSOL Multiphysics software can be used for scaling-up fixed-bed column systems packed with low-cost and effective CA-GLA-CHB bioadsorbent.

Analysis of effective area and mass transfer in a structure packing column using machine learning and response surface methodology

The study examined mass transfer coefficients in a structured CO2 absorption column using machine learning (ML) and response surface methodology (RSM). Three correlations for the fractional effective area (af), gas phase mass transfer coefficient (kG), and liquid phase mass transfer coefficient (kL) were derived with coefficient of determination (R2) values of 0.9717, 0.9907 and 0.9323, respectively. To develop these correlations, four characteristics of structured packings, including packing surface area (ap), packing corrugation angle (θ), packing channel base (B), and packing crimp height (h), were used. ML used five models, represented as random forest (RF), radial basis function neural network (RBF), multilayer perceptron (MLP), XGB Regressor, and Extra Trees Regressor (ETR), with the best models being radial basis function neural network (RBF) for af (R2 = 0.9813, MSE = 0.00088), RBF for kG (R2 = 0.9933, MSE = 0.00056), and multilayer perceptron (MLP) for kL (R2 = 0.9871, MSE = 0.00089). The channel base had the most impact on af and kL, while crimp height affected kG the most. Although the RSM method produced adequate equations for each output variable with good predictability, the ML method provides superior modeling capabilities.

New insight and experimental study of ineffective void in hydrodynamic performance of countercurrent‐flow packing column

AbstractExtensive experimental research and hydrodynamic models have been proposed to guide the design of superior packings. However, most research has concentrated on the effective void (ε − H) of packing while ignoring the ineffective void (ε − H − HL), which causes discrepancies in hydrodynamic performance compared to actual observations. This study evaluated the hydrodynamic performance under diverse conditions considering the liquid holdup (H), pressure drop (ΔP), and gas flooding velocity (uf). A novel approach to hydrodynamic model construction is introduced by incorporating an ineffective void. The results indicate that at a constant hold‐up area, liquid flow (L) and viscosity (μ) significantly influence liquid hold up, moderated by the gas velocity in the flooding area. The pressure drop rises as the viscosity, gas flow rate, and liquid flow rate increase. Notably, a considerable pressure drop initiates flooding at the bottom of the absorber. Elevated liquid flow rates and viscosities correlate with higher ineffective void values (HL) in the packing column. At low gas flow rates, the gas flow rate marginally affects HL values. However, after the flooding point was achieved, the values of HL rapidly increased as the gas flow rate increased. Moreover, a linear relationship emerges between the liquid holdup and HL, as evidenced by the consistent variation in the liquid holdup and the F‐factor. Utilizing the ineffective void yields a more accurate fit for the experimental data, reducing the average absolute relative deviation to 10.2%, 7.4%, and 10.8%, respectively.

The synergistic effect of typical chiral organic acids and solution chemistry conditions on the transport of 2-arylpropionic acid chiral derivatives in porous media

The hazards of man-made chiral compounds are of great public concern, with reports of worrying stereoselective compounds and an urgent need to assess their transport. This study evaluated the transport of 2-arylpropionic acid derivatives enantiomers (2-APA) in porous media under a variety of solution chemistry conditions via column packing assays. The results revealed the introduction of Malic acid (MA) enantiomers enhanced the mobility of 2-APA enantiomers, but the enhancement effect was different for different 2-APA enantiomers. Batch sorption experiments confirmed that the MA enantiomers occupied the sorption site of the quartz sand, thus reducing the deposition of the 2-APA enantiomer. Homo- or heterochirality between 2-APA and MA dominates the transport of 2-APA enantiomers, with homochirality between them triggering stronger retention and vice versa. Further evaluating the effect of solution chemistry conditions on the transport of 2-APA enantiomers, increased ionic strength attenuated the mobility of 2-APA enantiomers, whereas introduced coexisting cations enhanced the retention of 2-APA enantiomers in the column. The redundancy analyses corroborated these solution chemistry conditions were negatively correlated with the transport of 2-APA enantiomers. The coupling of pH and these conditions reveals electrostatic forces dominate the transport behavior and stereoselective interactions of 2-APA enantiomers. Distinguishing the transport of enantiomeric pair helps to understand the difference in stereoselectivity of enantiomers and promises to remove the more hazardous one.

Carbon encapsulated ZnO nanoplates for efficient removal of organic dyes from aqueous medium by adsorption: Role of organic ligand and calcination temperature

Water pollution by organic dyes poses great challenge to the environment as well as living organisms. Herein, we have fabricated nanoplates of ZnO in carbon matrix by controlled calcination of zinc-metal organic frameworks (Zn-MOFs) and used as adsorbents for efficient removal of organic dyes from water. Zn-MOF of phthalic acid and 5-nitrophthalic acid produced nanoplates of ZnO (ZnO-C and ZnO-NC) in carbon matrix without and with nitrogen doping. The fabricated hybrid nanostructures were characterized using PXRD, FTIR, BET, TGA, HR-SEM, HR-TEM and XPS analysis. Both ZnO-C and ZnO-NC showed high adsorption of cationic dyes (crystal violet (CV), methylene blue (MB) and Rhodamine B (Rh B)) compared to anionic dyes (methyl orange (MO) and Eosin yellow (EY)). Nitrogen doped ZnO-NC exhibited relatively higher percentage of dyes removal (99 %) compared to ZnO-C. Interestingly, ZnO-NC showed high adsorption of MB dye across the pH range from acidic (pH = 3.0) to alkaline (pH = 11.0). The zero-point charge indicated the negative surface charge for ZnO-NC/ZnO-C that facilitated electrostatic interactions between dyes and adsorbents. Adsorption kinetics suggested a pseudo second order model and adsorption isotherm fitted well with the Freundlich model, suggesting heterogenous adsorption with multilayer coverage of dye molecules. The reusability of ZnO-NC showed only slight reduction of adsorption in three successive cycles. Further, ZnO-NC was used as column packing materials for the successful removal of both cationic as well as anionic dyes upon filtration. Thus, the present studies provided insight on the organic ligand structure and calcination temperature of MOFs for transforming them into effective organic dye adsorbent.

Affinity Purification of a 6X-His-Tagged Protein using a Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography System.

Functional characterization of proteins requires them to be expressed and purified in substantial amounts with high purity to perform biochemical assays. The Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography (FPLC) system allows high-resolution separation of complex protein mixtures. By adjusting various parameters in FPLC, such as selecting the appropriate purification matrix, regulating the protein sample's temperature, and managing the sample's flow rate onto the matrix and the elution rate, it is possible to ensure the protein's stability and functionality. In this protocol, we will demonstrate the versatility of the FPLC system to purify 6X-His-tagged flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) protein, produced in bacterial cultures. To improve protein purification efficiency, we will focus on multiple considerations, including proper column packing and preparation, sample injection using a sample loop, flow rate of sample application to the column, and sample elution parameters. Finally, the chromatogram will be analyzed to identify fractions containing high yields of protein and considerations for proper recombinant protein long-term storage. Optimizing protein purification methods is crucial for improving the precision and reliability of protein analysis.

A Review on the Extraction of Silica Nanoparticles from Poaceae Family via Sol-Gel

One of the valuable inorganic multifunctional chemical substances is silica, which can be found in crystalline, gel, and amorphous forms. On the crust of the earth, silica is the most complex and abundant family of materials, and it has been used extensively in ceramics, adhesives, detergents, dental materials, electronics, pharmaceutical items, and chromatography column packing. Several kinds of research have fascinated the recycling of agricultural wastes using extraction for useful products such as silica, lignin, adsorbents, cellulose, biofuels, silicon, carbon, and inhibitors. In this review article, we report most of the silica nanoparticles extracted from the Poaceae family since they accumulate significant amounts of silica, and most of them are easily found in Malaysia. This study investigates the significant amount of extracting silica nanoparticles from the Poaceae family via green technology sol-gel technique as pure silica can be produced with the potential to manage the size of the particle, size of distribution, and morphology via the reaction parameters in systematic monitoring. This technique can also produce pure silica using a low-energy method. Subsequently, the key chemical compounds that existed in silica nanoparticles are characterized and identified using FTIR analysis. According to this article, most of the Poaceae family species are considered to gain a high purity of above 90% of silica based on the quantification results. The Poaceae family is recognized for having high silicon concentrations. However, the concentration varies depending on the species.

Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater using ion exchange resin in a batch process with kinetic isotherm

Techniques such as selective ion exchange can be used to remove traces of heavy metals. The recently created resins provided quicker sorption kinetics and a high resin capacity for metal ions such as Lead (Pb²⁺), Copper (Cu²⁺), Zinc (Zn²⁺), Cadmium (Cd²⁺), and Nickel (Ni²⁺) ions. The elimination of Pb²⁺ and Cu²⁺ ions from aqueous solutions was examined in the current work. Purolite® C100, a strong acid cation-exchange resin, was used in experimental studies. Using packed-column chromatography, the impacts of operating factors on metal ion exchange were examined. These parameters included resin dose, initial pH, residence time, and metal ion concentration with ranges of 40 - 80 gs, 3 - 12, 30 - 90 min, and 50 -150 parts per million respectively. As part of exchange research, different doses of resin are brought into contact with a fixed volume of solution containing different concentrations and pHs of Pb²⁺ and Cu²⁺ ions for different periods. An Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) approach was used to measure the concentrations of metal ions. Experimental data on ion exchange were evaluated using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin models.The results showed that there is a clear competition between lead and copper, as it was found that there is a convergence between the removal rates for both metals under the same conditions. The ion-exchange recovery of Cu approached 94.37 %, but Pb recovery was 92.9 % with Purolite® C100 resin dose range of 40 g to 80 g in the pH range of 3 to 12.

UHPLC-MS/MS Technique: Applications in Analytical Chemistry

The ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) is becoming most advanced technique used for analysis of wide range of compounds in analytical chemistry. This technique has been effectively utilized for identifying and quantitatively determining substances in several pharmaceutical analysis fields. The UHPLC technique offers superior sensitivity, selectivity and peak shape in comparison to the conventional HPLC technique. The UHPLC coupled with various mass spectrometers gives accurate mass fragmentations which is ultimately helpful in structural identification and quantitative determination of compounds. The review provides brief introduction on development of UHPLC column packing materials and coupled mass detectors such as single quadrupole, triple quadrupole and time-of-flight mass. This review article also summarizes application of UHPLC-MS/MS technique in various fields of analytical chemistry.

Preparation and Characterization of Periwinkle Shell Based Chitosan-Kenaf fibre Copolymer and its Derivatives for Selective Binding of Cu (II) and Zn (II) ions from Electroplating Effluent

The levels of heavy metal in industrial waste streams, if not remediated before discharge to eco-system, could pose a threat to flora and fauna. The objective of this study was to evaluate the suitability of a novel adsorbent materials from periwinkle shell-based chitosan-kenaf fibre copolymer and its ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether crosslinked derivatives for the selective removal of Cu2+and Zn2+ from electroplating effluent using batch experimental protocol. Results showed that the crosslinked copolymers were more effective for the sorption of these metal ions from effluent solution with percentage sorption range of 76-87% and 84-93% for Cu2+ and Zn2+ respectively. Kinetic data depicts pseudo-second-order model fits for the adsorbent materials and confirm chemosorption as the mechanism for metal ion complexation with adsorbent surfaces. Based on R2 correlation values, sorption of the metal ions by the pristine adsorbent materials fit well with Langmuir isotherm model, in contrast, those for crosslinked adsorbent materials were best described by Freundlich isotherm model. The results present the adsorbent materials with auspicious potentials, especially the crosslinked derivatives, and stand them in exceptional good stead as suitable bioresource materials for column packing in waste abatement equipment for remediation of these metal ions from electroplating effluent solution.

Application of surface-imprinted polymers in pretreatment for detection of sulfamonomethoxine in water samples

A novel surface molecularly imprinted polymer, NH2-MIL-125@MIPs (formed by wrapping a molecularly imprinted polymer around the surface of a MOF carrier NH2-MIL-125) was successfully synthesized by using sulfamonomethoxine as the template. It was used as the adsorbent for solid-phase extraction of sulfonamide antibiotics. The morphology and structure of this polymer was characterized. The polymer was used as the column packing for the homemade solid phase extraction column. The solid phase extraction conditions were optimized to obtain the optimal operation parameters. A method for the detection of trace sulfonamide antibiotics in water was established. The method was evaluated with good linearity in the range of 0.01 μg mL−1 –5.00 μg mL−1. The recoveries of eight SAs ranged from 89.7 % to 107.0 % at the spiked levels of 1, 2 and 3 μg mL−1, and the relative standard deviations of 6 repetitive experiments for eight SAs are always less than 10 %. Real sample results demonstrated that the homemade solid-phase extraction column could be successfully applied to pretreat and quantify sulfonamide in aqueous samples at a trace level.

Radical Cation Salts of Hetera‐Buckybowls: Polar Crystals, Negative Thermal Expansion and Phase Transition

AbstractRadical cation salts of π‐conjugated polycycles are rich in physical properties. Herein, two kinds of hetera‐buckybowls, ethoxy‐substituted trithiasumanene (3SEt) and triselenasumanene (3SeEt), are synthesized as electron donors. Galvanostatic oxidation of them affords radical cation salts (3SEt)5(TTFMPB)3, (3SeEt)5(TTFMPB)3, (3SEt)4PMA, and (3SeEt)4PMA, where PMA is Keggin‐type phosphomolybdate and TTFMPB is tetrakis[3,5‐bis(trifluoromethyl)‐phenyl]borate. In these salts, 3SEt/3SeEt are partially charged and show distinct conformation change with the site charge and counter anions. In TTFMPB salts, (TTFMPB)− forms hexagonal channels that accommodate the packing columns of 3SEt/3SeEt. In particular, (3SEt)5(TTFMPB)3 adopts the R3c space group and is a polar crystal with the columns of 3SEt all in the up‐bowl direction. The PMA salts of 3SEt/3SeEt are polar crystals (C2 space group) with 3SEt/3SeEt being planar and forming columnar stacks. (3SeEt)4PMA shows a structural modulation below 200 K, namely, negative thermal expansion (NTE) of the unit cell volume and enlargement of the intermolecular distances between neighboring 3SeEt molecules. The four salts are semiconductors with an activation energy of 0.18–0.38 eV. The conductivity of (3SeEt)4PMA shows a reversible transition upon cooling and heating, in accordance to the NTE structural modulation. This work paves the way toward conducting materials based on hetera‐buckybowls.

Radical Cation Salts of Hetera-Buckybowls: Polar Crystals, Negative Thermal Expansion and Phase Transition.

Radical cation salts of π-conjugated polycycles are rich in physical properties. Herein, two kinds of hetera-buckybowls, ethoxy-substituted trithiasumanene (3SEt) and triselenasumanene (3SeEt), are synthesized as electron donors. Galvanostatic oxidation of them affords radical cation salts (3SEt)5 (TTFMPB)3 , (3SeEt)5 (TTFMPB)3 , (3SEt)4 PMA, and (3SeEt)4 PMA, where PMA is Keggin-type phosphomolybdate and TTFMPB is tetrakis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl]borate. In these salts, 3SEt/3SeEt are partially charged and show distinct conformation change with the site charge and counter anions. In TTFMPB salts, (TTFMPB)- forms hexagonal channels that accommodate the packing columns of 3SEt/3SeEt. In particular, (3SEt)5 (TTFMPB)3 adopts the R3c space group and is a polar crystal with the columns of 3SEt all in the up-bowl direction. The PMA salts of 3SEt/3SeEt are polar crystals (C2 space group) with 3SEt/3SeEt being planar and forming columnar stacks. (3SeEt)4 PMA shows a structural modulation below 200 K, namely, negative thermal expansion (NTE) of the unit cell volume and enlargement of the intermolecular distances between neighboring 3SeEt molecules. The four salts are semiconductors with an activation energy of 0.18-0.38 eV. The conductivity of (3SeEt)4 PMA shows a reversible transition upon cooling and heating, in accordance to the NTE structural modulation. This work paves the way toward conducting materials based on hetera-buckybowls.

Skeletal growth is enhanced by a shared role for SOX8 and SOX9 in promoting reserve chondrocyte commitment to columnar proliferation

SOX8 was linked in a genome-wide association study to human height heritability, but roles in chondrocytes for this close relative of the master chondrogenic transcription factor SOX9 remain unknown. We undertook here to fill this knowledge gap. High-throughput assays demonstrate expression of human SOX8 and mouse Sox8 in growth plate cartilage. In situ assays show that Sox8 is expressed at a similar level as Sox9 in reserve and early columnar chondrocytes and turned off when Sox9 expression peaks in late columnar and prehypertrophic chondrocytes. Sox8-/- mice and Sox8fl/flPrx1Cre and Sox9fl/+Prx1Cre mice (inactivation in limb skeletal cells) have a normal or near normal skeletal size. In contrast, juvenile and adult Sox8fl/flSox9fl/+Prx1Cre compound mutants exhibit a 15 to 20% shortening of long bones. Their growth plate reserve chondrocytes progress slowly toward the columnar stage, as witnessed by a delay in down-regulating Pthlh expression, in packing in columns and in elevating their proliferation rate. SOX8 or SOX9 overexpression in chondrocytes reveals not only that SOX8 can promote growth plate cell proliferation and differentiation, even upon inactivation of endogenous Sox9, but also that it is more efficient than SOX9, possibly due to greater protein stability. Altogether, these findings uncover a major role for SOX8 and SOX9 in promoting skeletal growth by stimulating commitment of growth plate reserve chondrocytes to actively proliferating columnar cells. Further, by showing that SOX8 is more chondrogenic than SOX9, they suggest that SOX8 could be preferred over SOX9 in therapies to promote cartilage formation or regeneration in developmental and degenerative cartilage diseases.

Physical origin of the peak tailing of monoclonal antibodies in size-exclusion chromatography using bio-compatible systems and columns.

The analysis of mixtures containing monoclonal antibody (mAb) (approximately 150 kDa molecular weight) and sub-unit impurities (approximately 100 kDa) is challenging, even when adopting the latest ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC) columns (4.6 mm [Formula: see text] 150mm coated hardware, 1.7 [Formula: see text]m 250 BEH[Formula: see text] Surface-modified Particles) and systems (ACQUITY[Formula: see text] UPLC[Formula: see text] I-class Bio Plus). The main issue still encountered is a persistent tail of the mAb peak. Here, the physical origin(s) of such peak tailing in size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) are investigated from both fundamental and practical approaches. Up to five relevant physical origins are analyzed: sample heterogeneity (glycoforms), UHPLC system dispersion, strong residual binding of the mAb to the SEC particles (via hydrophobic and/or electrostatic interactions) and to the stainless steel column/system hardware, slow escape kinetics of the mAb from the SEC particles, and flow heterogeneity caused by the non-ideal slurry packing of SEC columns. Experiments (testing sample heterogeneity, system dispersion, and strong residual interactions) and calculations (predicting the transient absorption/escape kinetics in a single SEC particle and the two-dimensional peak concentration profiles) altogether unambiguously demonstrate that the observed mAb peak tailing is caused primarily by the long-range velocity biases across the SEC column combined with the slow transverse dispersion of mAbs. Therefore, improvement in the resolution between mAb and sub-unit fragment impurities can only be achieved by increasing the column length, e.g., by applying recycling chromatography at acceptable pressures.

Analysis of Native and Permethylated N-Glycan Isomers Using MGC-LC-MS Techniques.

Glycosylation is an important post-translational modification that affects many critical cellular functions such as adhesion, signaling, protein stability, and function, among others. Abnormal glycosylation has been linked to many diseases. As such, the investigation of glycans and their roles in disease pathway and progression is important. Glycan analysis can be challenging, however, due to such factors as the heterogeneity of glycans and isomers as well as the poor ionization efficiency provided by mass spectrometry analyses. This chapter presents efficient methods that overcome these and other challenges for the analysis of native and permethylated N-glycan isomers in biological samples. Instructions regarding the packing of the MGC column, the N-glycan sample prep, and the LC-MS conditions are also provided.

CALCULATION OF SPECIFIC SURFACE AREA AND POROSITY OF PACKING OF MASS-EXCHANGE COLUMN WITH MODIFIED RASHIG RINGS

New modified Rashig rings are proposed for mass transfer packing columns. Inside these rings, plate elements are attached to rods or springs in the form of rolled spirals with spiral gaps to increase the contact surface area of the phases. A formula linking the porosity and specific surface area of the packing through its geometric dimensions is obtained, allowing for the theoretical determination of one of these parameters based on the known value of the other. An example calculation of specific surface area using the derived formula for a standard Rashig ring is provided. It is demonstrated that the calculation results coincide with reference tabular values. The use of the derived formula in technological calculations of mass transfer columns allows for the theoretical determination of initial parameters (porosity or specific surface area of the packing) without the need for reference or experimental data. An analytical formula for determining the specific surface area of the proposed modified packing is derived. The ordered arrangement of this packing on the support grids of the mass transfer column apparatus is considered, with the spiral element of the modified packing having three turns with uniform spiral gap and made of thin plates. An example calculation of the specific surface area of the proposed modified Rashig ring is given for the considered packing arrangement in the column apparatus. The porosity of the modified packing is calculated using the proposed formula. A comparative analysis of the porosity and specific surface area of the proposed modified Rashig ring with a plate rolled in a spiral inside it and the standard Rashig ring is performed. The results show an increase in specific surface area of the packing in the modified ring by 1.5 times or more, from 65 to 102.7 m2/m3, with a slight decrease in porosity from 0.6 to 0.55 m3/m3. This reduces the calculated height of the packing layer in the mass transfer column apparatus and, consequently, the height and volume of the apparatus itself. The use of the new modified Rashig rings allows for a significant reduction in the total volume of packing in packing columns during extraction, absorption, desorption, and rectification processes.

Gum Arabic tree biomass derived activated carbon for fluoride sequestration in batch and fixed bed processes: kinetics, thermodynamics and column adsorption modeling

The biomass obtained from the stem of Gum Arabic tree was used to prepare a thermally activated carbon through pyrolysis at 800 °C. The activated carbon tagged GAAC-800 was used as adsorbent for the fluoride sequestration in a batch and a fixed-bed reactor in a continuous column systems. The surface morphology, elemental composition as well as particle size distribution of the adsorbent was investigated with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Elemental and Particle Size Analyzers. Also, the influence of initial fluoride concentrations, column packing height and the flow rate on the column efficiency were examine while the efficiency of batch process as a function of contact time and temperature was also investigated. It was found that the kinetic of the process was best fitted with second order model, while the mechanism was best explained by interparticle diffusion model. In addition, the Langmuir Isotherm model showed that the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of fluoride removal was 71.93 mg/g. The breakthrough curve from the fixed bed adsorption data were well modeled by Adams-Bohart, Yoon-Nelson and Clark model. The models were judged using Akaike Information Criteria (AIC) values after statistical evaluation. GAAC-800 removed fluoride from aqueous solution comparably higher than other adsorbent in its category in batch and continuous column systems.