Color Image Encryption Research Articles

Color Image Encryption Based on 2D Hyperchaotic Sine Couple Map and Block Scrambling

Color Image Encryption Based on 2D Hyperchaotic Sine Couple Map and Block Scrambling

A Color Image Encryption Algorithm Based on Compressive Sensing and Block-Based DNA Coding

A Color Image Encryption Algorithm Based on Compressive Sensing and Block-Based DNA Coding

New results on finite-time projective synchronization for memristor-based hybrid delayed BAM neural networks with applications to DNA image encryption

<abstract> <p>With the popularization of digital image technology, image information has inevitably developed to involved the disclosure of personal privacy; in this study, a color image encryption algorithm was designed to encrypt and decrypt images by using chaotic sequences of a class of memristor-based hybrid delayed bidirectional associative memory neural networks (MHDBAMNNs) to protect images from illegal acquisition and use. Additionally, the discontinuity problem of the right-hand side of the Filippov system due to the hopping property of the memristor has been treated by using differential inclusion and set-valued mapping theories, and a sufficient criterion for guaranteeing the synchronization of finite-time projections derived based on the drive-response concept, Lyppunov stability theorem, and inequality technique. To improve the security performance, a color image encryption algorithm based on a combination of Chen's hyperchaotic system and a DNA codec operation was adopted, also, the robustness and validity of our proposed approach was demonstrated through image performance analysis. Furthermore, the potential application of the model in secure transmission has been explored.</p> </abstract>

Color Image Encryption Algorithm Based on DNA Coding and 3D Scrambling Using Three-Dimensional Skew Tent Map

Color Image Encryption Algorithm Based on DNA Coding and 3D Scrambling Using Three-Dimensional Skew Tent Map

A RGB image encryption algorithm based on Archimedes optimizer, chaos and DNA

This paper introduces an innovative method for encrypting images, skillfully combining a modified logistic map (MLM), deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and the Archimedean optimization algorithm (AO). The resulting system is divided into three essential phases, each playing a distinct role: a permutation phase using the modified logistics map, a diffusion phase using DNA, and finally, an optimization phase incorporating AO. In the optimization phase, the AO is successfully deployed to determine the optimal sequence of masks for image encryption. A notable feature of this approach is its ability to improve the quality of DNA masks, making them compatible with the complex nature of images. Simulation results and performance evaluations attest to the feasibility of the proposed system for color image encryption, underlining at the same time its high level of security. One of the most remarkable aspects of this methodology lies in its ability to enhance entropy, thus conferring increased resistance to various statistical and differential attacks. The approach has been validated through experimental results, affirming its efficacy, consolidating its position as a robust and secure solution for image encryption. This research highlights the significant contribution of the AO algorithm in the specific field of image encryption, offering a major contribution to the evolution of security techniques in this area.

Imperceptible and Robust Encryption: Salsa20 Stream Cipher for Colour Image Data

Data security has become crucial, especially in today's era, therefore we need to protect our personal data to avoid unwanted incidents. The primary objective of this research is to empirically demonstrate the viability of our proposed methodology for encrypting color images using the Salsa20 algorithm, renowned for its stream cipher characteristics, which inherently afford it a swift processing speed. The encryption method we use is to take each pixel from the original image and convert it into bytes based on the RGB value in it, then encrypt it using a keyword that has been converted using a hash function. In this study, we carried out several evaluations to evaluate the performance of the encrypted and decrypted images to test the method we propose, including histogram analysis and compare patterns, visual image testing, and key space analysis. Through this experiment, it has been proven that Salsa20 is effective in maintaining confidentiality and image integrity. Histogram analysis reveals differences in pixel distribution patterns between the original and encrypted images. Visual testing shows that the encrypted image maintains good optical quality. Keyspace analysis ensures the security of encryption keys. The performance evaluation resulted in an NPCR above 99%, UACI had been reached 69.28%, MSE was closes to 0, and the highest PSNR was around 61.89dB, this shows that encrypted images recovered with high accuracy.

Chaotic Multiple-Image Encryption Algorithm Based on Block Scrambling and Dynamic DNA Coding

In this paper, a chaotic multiple-image encryption algorithm using block scrambling and dynamic DNA coding is designed. The algorithm can achieve simultaneous encryption of many different types of images. Firstly, a new block scrambling algorithm is proposed, which is divided into two scrambling modes according to the size of the initial block. And it combines with the cyclic shift operation to achieve scrambling. Secondly, dynamic DNA coding is utilized to diffuse images, which enhances the complexity and security of the proposed multiple-image encryption algorithm. Through the analysis of key space, correlation, information entropy, histogram, differential attacks and robustness, it is verified that the algorithm is safe and effective. Experimental results show that the new multiple-image encryption algorithm is suitable for multiple color and gray images encryption. The algorithm has excellent encryption performance, and can be applied in secure communication.

Enhancing Color Image Security: Encryption with Dynamic Chaotic Three-Dimensional System and Robust Security Analysis

The rapid tech growth and widespread internet usage caused a surge in sharing multimedia (text, images, videos, audio) across public networks. Protecting this data is vital, demanding encryption to prevent unauthorized access. Image encryption distorts images for security. This paper highlights encryption's vital role in safeguarding multimedia, especially amid rising internet use and media exchange. It introduces a novel solution: a chaotic three-dimensional system for color image encryption. The study scrutinizes system traits using math software. It employs a new chaotic system to generate a crucial key sequence for pixel scrambling. Utilizing stream cipher encryption enhances security. Extensive security analysis tests its resilience against attacks like histogram and correlation techniques. Results are promising: a fairly uniform histogram, minimal correlation among pixels nearing zero, and entropy close to the ideal. Metrics like NPCR and UACI almost match ideal values, ensuring high security. Experiments confirm its effectiveness in encrypting diverse color images. The approach guarantees a uniform histogram, minimal pixel correlation nearing zero, entropy near the ideal value (8), and NPCR/UACI values close to ideals (99.61191% and 33.41068% respectively).

Utilizing a pseudo-random Linear Congruential Generator (LCG) S-Box for encoding color images through genetic crossover

This article introduces a novel algorithm crafted for encrypting color images. The algorithm leverages chaotic principles and harnesses fresh substitution tables derived from independent linear congruence generators. These generators are dynamically sized based on pseudo-random vectors used in this technology. The proposed method initiates with the original image, vectorization, employing selected chaotic maps. The primary goal revolves around implementing a genetic operator tailored for image encryption, who integrates an enhanced Vigenère technique, incorporating novel confusion and diffusion functions derived from the previously established substitution tables. To gauge the effectiveness of this approach, numerous color images of varying dimensions and formats underwent testing using our algorithm. The yielded outcomes are both promising and gratifying, furnishing heightened security against recognized attacks.

Mixed gray-color images encryption algorithm based on a memristor chaotic system and 2D compression sensing

Multi-image encryption has attracted great interest in the era of secret communication, however, the mixed encryption of gray and color images has been reported rarely. Meanwhile, the security of image encryption based on chaos system depends heavily on the performance of pseudo randomness and sensibility. Thus, a four-dimensional chaotic system is improved by introducing a memristor, which has good nonlinear characteristic and can enhance chaotic property. It is found that this new system possesses larger chaotic scope and exhibits a coexistence phenomenon, all of which reveal the intricate nature and underlying application. After the verification of spectral entropy and circuit simulations of the new system, a mixed-image encryption algorithm based on two-dimension compression sensing (2DCS) is designed innovatively. To achieve the target of compression and encryption, the image set is first preprocessed and varied utilizing DWT, and then is sampled by measurement matrix in two-dimension. Next, the pixels of compressed image set are diffused by employing DNA coding. The accuracy of reconstruction image is closely related to the randomness and sparsity of the measurement matrix. Chaotic system with pseudo-randomness can be fully exploited to fabric a measurement matrix. Hence the Toeplitz cyclic chaos matrix is conceived and the reconstruction accuracy does have better results. In addition, this method can not only encrypt multiple mixed images with grey and color simultaneously, but also compress them with different sizes and less storage space. At last, the reliability of the novel algorithm is assessed through a series of reconstruction and security performance tests. The results indicate that the encryption scheme has a better effect than encrypting one kind of image, and prove that the algorithm has high reconstruction accuracy and security.

Key dependent information confidentiality scheme based on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and circular shifting

In this era of advanced information technology, the exploration and development of novel mechanisms to ensure information confidentiality have consistently captivated the attention of upcoming researchers. In this article, we present a pioneering approach that combines DNA sequencing with a four-dimensional (4D) hyperchaotic map to bolster the security of digital information. Our primary focus is on the design of a robust and secure scheme for encrypting color images, leveraging DNA cryptography and hyperchaos. By extracting three distinct DNA sequences, we generate encryption keys through the integration of DNA computing and 4D hyperchaotic maps. Notably, these keys are intricately linked to the plaintext and vary with any alterations in the input. Consequently, the proposed encryption method stands resilient against an array of potential cryptographic attacks. To gauge the algorithm's security, we subject it to rigorous standard statistical analysis. Our findings underscore the efficiency and robustness of the proposed framework, establishing its potential for facilitating secure communication.

Robust Color Image Encryption Scheme Based on RSA via DCT by Using an Advanced Logic Design Approach

Information security in data storage and transmission is increasingly important. On the other hand, images are used in many procedures. Therefore, preventing unauthorized access to image data is crucial by encrypting images to protect sensitive data or privacy. The methods and algorithms for masking or encoding images vary from simple spatial-domain methods to frequency-domain methods, which are the most complex and reliable. In this paper, a new cryptographic system based on the random key generator hybridization methodology by taking advantage of the properties of Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) to generate an indefinite set of random keys and taking advantage of the low-frequency region coefficients after the DCT stage to pass them to a subsystem consisting of an Reversible Logic Gate (RLG) group to obtain the secret keys that are passed to Rivest Shamir Adleman (RSA) to finish encrypting the image. The results indicate that the proposed method has the ability to generate a very large set of highly complex and secure secret keys that can be used later in the encryption stage. Moreover, the number and complexity of those keys will change each time the image is changed, and this represents the contribution of the proposed method. They experienced no time loss throughout the encryption and decryption processes when using RLG, which indicates that the proposed system did a good job in making different keys from the same image. And it differs in the strength of the key from one image to another, depending on the nature of the color imge.

A color image encryption scheme based on chaotic mapping, chaotic system, and DNA coding

A color image encryption scheme based on chaotic mapping, chaotic system, and DNA coding

Research on color image encryption approach based on chaotic Duffing map

In this study, we propose a novel image encryption approach that utilizes the chaotic dynamics of the Duffing map and Moore-penrose pseudo inverse to obscure images. Chaotic maps have been widely used in the field of image encryption due to their sensitive dependence on initial conditions, enabling them a suitable candidate for generating pseudo-random sequences that can be used for encryption tasks. The Duffing map, known for its complex nonlinear behavior, is highly preferred for developing robust and secure encryption schemes. The proposed approach aims to develop a balance between encryption efficiency and cryptographic security while maintaining a straightforward implementation. The analytical results and comparison of suggested approach with some existing approaches exhibit that it is a robust and secure method for real-time image encryption.

Color image encryption by a non-chain Galois ring extension

The S-box is a vital component for producing nonlinearity in a block cipher. Seldom this component is constructed through finite fields; however, sometimes Galois rings are used for its construction. In this work, we utilize the extended Galois ring to construct a Substitution box (S-box) over the ring The designed S-box is generated by multiple elements and thus exhibits a high level of confusion compared to typical S-boxes. An encrypted color image is compared to existing encrypted S-box images to investigate their effects. First, we separate the distinct channels from a digital image and create 256-order matrices with 16-bit entries for each channel. We then apply the designed image encryption algorithm to these matrices. For the permutation step, we use the 1-dimensional logistic map to generate the key. Then, we apply the exclusive-or operation to all three layers of the image using the key. Finally, concatenate all these layers to create the encrypted image. The result is the proposal of a new RGB image encryption technique. The proposed encryption technique can replace several image encryption techniques that rely on S-boxes. In general, this technique aims to achieve optimal values.

Optical single-channel color image encryption based on chaotic palmprint phase masks

Optical single-channel color image encryption based on chaotic palmprint phase masks

Color image encryption algorithm based on novel 2D hyper-chaotic system and DNA crossover and mutation

Color image encryption algorithm based on novel 2D hyper-chaotic system and DNA crossover and mutation

New chaotic systems and application in DNA colored image encryption

New chaotic systems and application in DNA colored image encryption

Optical single-channel cryptosystem based on the non-negative matrix factorization and face biometric in cyan–magenta–yellow–black color space

In this paper, an optical color single-channel asymmetric cryptosystem based on the non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) and a face biometric in cyan–magenta–yellow–black (CMYK) space is proposed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that NMF has been introduced into optical color image encryption. In the proposed cryptosystem, the color image in CMYK space is first decomposed into four color channels: C, M, Y, and K. By performing NMF operations on the four color channels, the four basic and sparse matrices can be obtained, respectively, which achieves asymmetry and saves computational resources. The four basis matrices can be used as private keys, and the four coefficient matrices are synthesized by the inverse discrete wavelet transform for subsequent encryption. Finally, the synthesized image is encoded with double random phase encoding based on phase truncation (PT). Compared with the existing PT-based cryptosystems, our cryptosystem can improve security against a special attack. In addition, the chaotic random phase mask is generated by a face biometric, which is noncontact and unique. Numerical simulation results are shown to verify the feasibility and robustness of our cryptosystem. Further, the proposed cryptosystem can be extended to encrypt multiple images conveniently.

Big S-Boxes for Deeply Improved Hill Image Coding

This paper introduces a novel approach to encrypt color images, utilizing multiple chaotic maps and working with any size pixel blocks. The encryption procedure commences by converting the original image into a vector, which is then divided into equal dimension subblocks. These blocks undergo a new Vigenère transformation, employing two large dynamic substitution tables interconnected by an enhanced Hill operation using a large invertible matrix generated from a pseudo-random table, controlled by another binary dynamics table. Additionally, the truncated block undergoes the same encryption process using another pseudo-random invertible matrix. To evaluate the effectiveness and resilience of our algorithm, we conducted numerous simulations on randomly selected images of varying sizes and formats from diverse databases.