Color Pictures Research Articles

Reading for the future: İstanbul Ansiklopedisi, a collection without origin

ABSTRACT Reşad Ekrem Koçu’s İstanbul Ansiklopedisi (the Encyclopaedia of Istanbul) is a remarkable undertaking covering various periods in Istanbul during the Ottoman Empire and in recent Turkish history. The colourful and compelling picture of Istanbul that Koçu presented in the encyclopaedia was imbued with his nostalgia. In this article, which takes its cue from the archival turn in the twentieth century, I provide a rereading of İstanbul Ansiklopedisi by scrutinising the ways in which Koçu’s nostalgia functioned as a generative desire in the compilation of the encyclopaedia. I argue that the encyclopaedia entries link various temporalities and spatialities to create a unique, idiosyncratic Istanbul. Due to the organisation of the encyclopaedia, which entails the overlapping of different times and spaces, the encyclopaedia disrupts the linearity of history, opens up possibilities for new contexts for its readers, and generates hope for the future.

Physicochemical and sensory evaluation of the quality of crude palm oil (Elaeis guineensis) produced artisanally and industrially in Brazil

Palm oil is primarily used in the crude form in northeastern Brazil's cuisine. Most of its production is carried out by small manufacturers, who use the profits from sales as a subsidy to supplement their family income. Evaluating the physicochemical and sensory quality of palm oil is essential to help producers develop higher-quality artisanal products. This study aimed to analyze samples of crude palm oil produced and sold in the city of Taperoá (BA) and other industrialized brands sold in Salvador (BA). Seven palm oil samples underwent physicochemical analysis (acidity, carotenoid content, instrumental color, iodine value, peroxide value, Kreis reaction, saponification value) and sensory analysis (acceptance and ranking tests). Our findings revealed significant variation in the evaluated parameters, with most samples showing inadequate results for the regulatory parameters of acidity and iodine values, as well as unsatisfactory results for carotenoids and the Kreis reaction across all samples. Variations in color analysis were likely associated with differences in carotenoid content among the samples. The acceptance tests showed that most samples scored above average for all evaluated characteristics, except for the industrial sample from Taperoá (sample 06), which showed the lowest averages for color (4.5), odor (5.2), viscosity (3.2), and overall impression (4.3). In the ranking test, sample 02 from artisanal production (Taperoá-BA) was the most preferred in all categories, while sample 06 from industrial production (Nazaré-BA) was the least preferred in all categories. These results indicate opportunities for improving both traditional and industrial crude palm oil production methods, which could lead to an increase in income for the population that depends on this product.

Monolithic Integration of Full-Color Microdisplay Screen with Sub-5µm Quantum-Dot Pixels.

Monolithic integration of color-conversion materials onto blue-backlight micro-light-emitting-diodes (micro-LEDs) has emerged as a promising strategy for achieving full-color microdisplay devices. However, this approach still encounters challenges such as the blue-backlight leakage and the poor fabrication yield rate due to unsatisfied quantum dot (QD) material and fabrication process. Here, the monolithic integration of 0.39-inch micro-display screens displaying colorful pictures and videos are demonstrated, which are enabled by creating interfacial chemical bonds for wafer-scale adhesion of sub-5 µm QD-pixels on blue-backlight micro-LED wafer. The ligand molecule with chlorosulfonyl and silane groups is selected as the synthesis ligand and surface treatment material, facilitating the preparation of high-efficiency QD photoresist and the formation of robust chemical bonds for pixel integration. This is a leading record in micro-display devices achieving the highest brightness larger than 400 thousand nits, the ultrahigh resolution of 3300 PPI, the wide color gamut of 130.4% NTSC, and the ultimate performance of service life exceeding 1000h. These results extend the mature integrated circuit technique into the manufacture of micro-display device, which also lead the road of industrialization process of full-color micro-LEDs.

Exploring the Integration of Yangjiabu Woodblock New Year Picture Color Language in Contemporary Chinese Ceramic Decoration

Exploring the Integration of Yangjiabu Woodblock New Year Picture Color Language in Contemporary Chinese Ceramic Decoration

Mechanochromic Displays Based on Photoswitchable Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Elastomers

Stimuli responsive optical materials are attractive for many areas, from healthcare to art design. However, creating intricate color‐changing patterns for visual information is still a challenge. This work describes the preparation of mechanochromic structural colored intricate pictures imprinted in cholesteric liquid crystal elastomers by using a chiral isosorbide molecular photo‐switch. The photo‐switch contains a photoisomerizable cinnamate moiety and was incorporated in a main chain liquid crystal oligomer with photopolymerizable acrylate end groups. After coating, the structural colored film was irradiated with ultraviolet (UV) light in air causing E/Z isomerization of the cinnamate units leading to a redshift of the structural color of the film. A grayscale photomask was used to spatially control the photoisomerization reaction and imprint colorful pictures such as portraits and landscapes, in the cholesteric liquid crystal films with high resolution. Photopolymerization in a nitrogen atmosphere led to a mechanochromic cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer with striking structural colors that blueshift upon strain independently. The sharp details of the patterns were preserved even under deformation and the system returned to the initial state upon strain removal. Our work offers a simple photo‐switch approach to prepare stimuli responsive optical polymers imprinted with color‐changing pictures of unprecedented complexity.

Mechanochromic Displays Based on Photoswitchable Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Elastomers.

Stimuli responsive optical materials are attractive for many areas, from healthcare to art design. However, creating intricate color-changing patterns for visual information is still a challenge. This work describes the preparation of mechanochromic structural colored intricate pictures imprinted in cholesteric liquid crystal elastomers by using a chiral isosorbide molecular photo-switch. The photo-switch contains a photoisomerizable cinnamate moiety and was incorporated in a main chain liquid crystal oligomer with photopolymerizable acrylate end groups. After coating, the structural colored film was irradiated with ultraviolet (UV) light in air causing E/Z isomerization of the cinnamate units leading to a redshift of the structural color of the film. A grayscale photomask was used to spatially control the photoisomerization reaction and imprint colorful pictures such as portraits and landscapes, in the cholesteric liquid crystal films with high resolution. Photopolymerization in a nitrogen atmosphere led to a mechanochromic cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer with striking structural colors that blueshift upon strain independently. The sharp details of the patterns were preserved even under deformation and the system returned to the initial state upon strain removal. Our work offers a simple photo-switch approach to prepare stimuli responsive optical polymers imprinted with color-changing pictures of unprecedented complexity.

Visual Communication Design of Mobile App Interface Based on Digital

With the obvious trend of population aging, the demand of digital products for the elderly is increasing, and the visual design of APP interface is very important for the user experience of the elderly. This study will focus on how to design and optimize the interface through visual communication to enhance the application experience of elderly users. Through a comprehensive analysis of the design principles, user characteristics and use requirements of the aging reading APP, this paper discusses how to design skillfully in the aspects of color application, picture selection, typesetting layout and interactive operation, so as to create an interface that conforms to the reading habits of elderly users. Through the discussion of this study, the purpose is to provide designers and related practitioners with practical guidance and inspiration for the design of aging APP interface for elderly users. The primary aim is to advance digital product design towards a more human-centered and universally accessible direction, enhancing convenience and comfort for elderly users.

Effect of vitamins and zinc fortification on sensory properties and nutritional value in a functional biscuit

Abstract Biscuits are a popular baked food product known for their extended shelf life. Fortification with essential vitamins and minerals becomes imperative to enhance their nutritional values. This study aimed to enrich a functional biscuit with key nutrients, including vitamins C, D, and E, as well as the mineral zinc. A sensory parameter was examined by performing 9 point-hedonic scales for color, aroma, taste, and overall liking test, showing 1 as the lowest liking score, and 9 as the highest liking value. Proximate, vitamins and mineral analyses were performed to study the macro- and micronutrient content of the biscuits. The findings demonstrated that fortification with vitamins and minerals did not significantly alter the sensory attributes of the functional biscuit (P >0.05). This study found that color, aroma, taste, and overall impression exhibited trivial variations (P >0.05)) between the original and fortified biscuits, with scores of 5.55 vs. 5.50, 6.68 vs. 6.59, 6.09 vs. 5.95, and 6.18 vs. 6.00, respectively. Importantly, the study effectively increased the nutritional content of the biscuit through fortification per serving size of 35 g, 0.00 vs 2.36 mcg, 0.95 vs 5.84 mg, 0.00 vs 39.31 mg, and 0.90 vs 7.47 mg for vitamin C, D, E, and zinc, respectively. This study also showed the total energy, protein, carbohydrate, and fat content for each serving size of the original and fortified biscuits, resulting in 160.01 vs 161.92 kcal, 2.69 vs 2.67 g, 21.11 vs 21.70 g, and 7.20 vs 7.16 g, respectively. In conclusion, fortifying vitamins and zinc in the functional biscuit effectively heightened its nutritional profile of vitamins and minerals, while sensory properties remained largely unaffected.

Naming in a multilingual context: Norms for the ICMR-Manipal colour picture corpus in Kannada from the Indian context

There have been many published picture corpora. However, more than half of the world’s population speaks more than one language and, as language and culture are intertwined, some of the items from a picture corpus designed for a given language in a particular culture may not fit another culture (with the same or different language). There is also an awareness that language research can gain from the study of bi-/multilingual individuals who are immersed in multilingual contexts that foster inter-language interactions. Consequently, we developed a relatively large corpus of pictures (663 nouns, 96 verbs) and collected normative data from multilingual speakers of Kannada (a southern Indian language) on two picture-related measures (name agreement, image agreement) and three word-related measures (familiarity, subjective frequency, age of acquisition), and report objective visual complexity and syllable count of the words. Naming labels were classified into words from the target language (i.e., Kannada), cognates (borrowed from/shared with another language), translation equivalents, and elaborations. The picture corpus had > 85% mean concept agreement with multiple acceptable names (1–7 naming labels) for each concept. The mean percentage name agreement for the modal name was > 70%, with H-statistics of 0.89 for nouns and 0.52 for verbs. We also analyse the variability of responses highlighting the influence of bi-/multilingualism on (picture) naming. The picture corpus is freely accessible to researchers and clinicians. It may be used for future standardization with other languages of similar cultural contexts, and relevant items can be used in languages from different cultures, following suitable standardization.

Prophet al-Khiḍr: Between the Qur’anic Text and Islamic Contexts

Khiḍr is neither well-known or well-theorized, despite the fact that he frequently appears in Muslim literature and that several Muslim civilizations have adopted his tale as their own. Building upon the extensive research and comprehensive analysis of the mysterious prophet Khiḍr by Patrick Franke and Talat Halman, Prophet al-Khiḍr: Between the Qur’anic Text and Islamic Contexts by Irfan A. Omar adds to a growing correction to this. By examining Khiḍr through a “wider frame of understanding” in Prophet al-Khiḍr, Omar hopes to demonstrate the important intersectional connections between the Khiḍr narrative and other savior-sage type stories. This covers both symbolic and legendary viewpoints in addition to textual and literary representations (22) and to ‘’examine Khiḍr’s diverse attributes as a celestial messenger entrusted with aiding the pious and truth-seekers, irrespective of time or location, status, or faith’’ (27). Omar's efforts have given us a rich, widely portrayed, painstakingly detailed, composite, and colorful picture of the Khiḍr tale throughout Islamic history and genres.

Does sleep benefit source memory? Investigating 12-h retention intervals with a multinomial modeling approach.

For retention intervals of up to 12h, the active systems consolidation hypothesis predicts that sleep compared to wakefulness strengthens the context binding of memories previously established during encoding. Sleep should thus improve source memory. By comparing retention intervals filled with natural night sleep versus daytime wakefulness, we tested this prediction in two online source-monitoring experiments using intentionally learned pictures as items and incidentally learned screen positions and frame colors as source dimensions. In Experiment 1, we examined source memory by varying the spatial position of pictures on the computer screen. Multinomial modeling analyses revealed a significant sleep benefit in source memory. In Experiment 2, we manipulated both the spatial position and the frame color of pictures orthogonally to investigate source memory for two different source dimensions at the same time, also allowing exploration of bound memory for both source dimensions. The sleep benefit on spatial source memory replicated. In contrast, no source memory sleep benefit was observed for either frame color or bound memory of both source dimensions, probably as a consequence of a floor effect in incidental encoding of color associations. In sum, the results of both experiments show that sleep within a 12-h retention interval improves source memory for spatial positions, supporting the prediction of the active systems consolidation hypothesis. However, additional research is required to clarify the impact of sleep on source memory for other context features and bound memories of multiple source dimensions.

Absorbable vs. non-absorbable suture: which one gives better results?

There is no ideal suture material or ideal sewing technique. The type of suture material affects the quality of the scars. Patient and surgeon satisfaction with the quality and comfort of the scar is one of the main goals of modern surgery. This study aims to compare the quality of scars and patient satisfaction after using two different types of sutures. This research was conducted as a prospective study that included 64 patients whose surgical wounds were closed with intradermal suture using different suturing materials according to which the patients were divided into two groups: absorbable - Monocryle (32) and non-absorbable - DemeLENE suture (32). POSAS scale and an ultrasound machine were used to assess the scars. The doctor and the patient evaluated seven parameters on two occasions, after 2 and 6weeks after the surgery. The statistically significant advantage was found after 2weeks in scars sewn with non-resorptive suture in terms of elasticity, doctor's general impression, pain, itching, color, stiffness, thickness, irregularity, and patient's general impression. After 6weeks, statistically significantly better results were shown on scars sewn with non-resorptive thread for the parameters doctor's general impression, itching, irregularity, and patient's general impression. Non-resorptive sutures show statistically significantly better results, especially after 2weeks from the patient's point of view so we consider them more comfortable and convenient to use.

DEC-DRR: deep ensemble of classification model for diabetic retinopathy recognition.

Most diabetes patients are liable to have diabetic retinopathy (DR); however, the majority of them might not be even aware of the ailment. Therefore, early detection and treatment of DR are necessary to prevent vision loss. But, avoiding DR is not a simple process. An ophthalmologist can typically identify DR through an optical evaluation of the fundus and through the evaluation of color pictures. However, due to the increased count of DR patients, this could not be possible as it consumes more time. To rectify this problem, a novel deep ensemble-based DR classification technique is developed in this work. Initially, a Wiener filter (WF) is applied for preprocessing the image. Then, the enhanced U-Net-based segmentation process is done. Subsequent to the segmentation process, features are extracted that include statistical features, inferior superior nasal temporal (ISNT), cup to disc ratio (CDR), and improved LGBP as well. Further, deep ensemble classifiers (DEC) like CNN, Bi-GRU, and DMN are used to recognize the disease. The outcomes from DMN, CNN, and Bi-GRU are then subjected to improved SLF. Additionally, the weights of DMN, CNN, and Bi-GRU are adjusted via pelican updated Tasmanian devil optimization (PU-TDO). Finally, outputs on DR (microaneurysms, hemorrhages, hard exudates, and soft exudates) are obtained. The performance of DEC + PU-TDO for diabetic retinopathy is computed over extant models with regard to different measures for four datasets. The results on accuracy using the DEC + PU-TDO scheme for the IDRID dataset is maximum around 0.975 at 90th LP while other models have less accuracy. The FPR of DEC + PU-TDO is less around 0.039 at the 90th LP for the SUSTech-SYSU dataset, while other extant models have maximum FPR.

REAL TIME FACE ATTENDANCE SYSTEM USING DEEP LEARNING

One's face is a physical depiction of who they are. As a result, we have suggested a facial recognition- based automatic student attendance system. The usage of face recognition technology in everyday life is particularly beneficial for security control systems. Face recognition is used by the FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation) for criminal investigations as well as the airport security system to identify criminals. In the first step of our suggested method, video framing, the camera is activated using a user-friendly interface. The Viola-Jones method is used to identify and segment the face ROI from the video frame. If necessary, image size scaling is done at the pre-processing step to prevent information loss. After using the median filter to reduce noise, color pictures are transformed into grayscale versions. Then, to improve the contrast of the pictures, contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE) is applied. Principal component analysis (PCA) and improved local binary pattern (LBP) are used appropriately in the face identification stage to extract the characteristics from facial pictures. By minimizing the lighting impact and boosting identification rates, the improved local binary pattern outperforms the original local binary pattern in our suggested method. The features that were retrieved from the training pictures and the features that were extracted from the test images are then compared. The face pictures are then identified and categorized using the upgraded LBP, PCA, and algorithm that produced the best results. The acknowledged student's attendance will then be recorded and saved in the excel file. A warning will be sent if a student signs in more than once. The student who is not enrolled will also be allowed to register right away. When two photographs per person are trained, the average recognition accuracy is 100% for high-quality images, 94.12% for low-quality images, and 95.76% for the face database.

Four New Species and One New Record of Thelephora from China.

Species of the genus Thelephora (Thelephorales, Thelephoraceae) are ectomycorrhizal symbionts of coniferous and broad-leaved plants, and some of them are well-known edible mushrooms, making it an exceptionally important group ecologically and economically. However, the diversity of the species from China has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we conducted a phylogenetic analysis based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions, using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian analyses, along with morphological observations of this genus. Four new species from China are proposed, viz., T. dactyliophora, T. lacunosa, T. petaloides, and T. pinnatifida. In addition, T. sikkimensis originally described from India is reported for the first time from China. Thelephora dactyliophora, T. pinnatifida, and T. sikkimensis are distributed in subtropical forests and mainly associated with plants of the families Fagaceae and Pinaceae. Thelephora lacunosa and T. petaloides are distributed in tropical to subtropical forests. Thelephora lacunosa is mainly associated with plants of the families Fagaceae and Pinaceae, while T. petaloides is mainly associated with plants of the family Fagaceae. Line drawings of microstructures, color pictures of fresh basidiomes, and detailed descriptions of these five species are provided.

Development and validation of a nonverbal consensus-based semantic memory paradigm in patients with epilepsy.

Brain areas implicated in semantic memory can be damaged in patients with epilepsy (PWE). However, it is challenging to delineate semantic processing deficits from acoustic, linguistic, and other verbal aspects in current neuropsychological assessments. We developed a new Visual-based Semantic Association Task (ViSAT) to evaluate nonverbal semantic processing in PWE. The ViSAT was adapted from similar predecessors (Pyramids & Palm Trees test, PPT; Camels & Cactus Test, CCT) comprised of 100 unique trials using real-life color pictures that avoid demographic, cultural, and other potential confounds. We obtained performance data from 23 PWE participants and 24 control participants (Control), along with crowdsourced normative data from 54 Amazon Mechanical Turk (Mturk) workers. ViSAT reached a consensus >90% in 91.3% of trials compared to 83.6% in PPT and 82.9% in CCT. A deep learning model demonstrated that visual features of the stimulus images (color, shape; i.e., non-semantic) did not influence top answer choices (p = 0.577). The PWE group had lower accuracy than the Control group (p = 0.019). PWE had longer response times than the Control group in general and this was augmented for the semantic processing (trial answer) stage (both p < 0.001). This study demonstrated performance impairments in PWE that may reflect dysfunction of nonverbal semantic memory circuits, such as seizure onset zones overlapping with key semantic regions (e.g., anterior temporal lobe). The ViSAT paradigm avoids confounds, is repeatable/longitudinal, captures behavioral data, and is open-source, thus we propose it as a strong alternative for clinical and research assessment of nonverbal semantic memory.

Awake surgery in neurooncology. Part 2. Functional intraoperative mapping

Awake surgery is usually used to save patient’s speech. Various tests are applied for this purpose, whish selection depends on tumor location. In multilingual patients verbal centers usually have different position. Location of each of them is necessary to keep patient’s communication capabilities after operation.To study vision, tests with presentations of color points or pictures on the screen divided on 4 parts are used. Such testing allows to estimate vision and speech simultaneously.Mapping of motor area in awake patients allows to evaluate this function more comprehensively including motion planning, proprioceptive control and balance. Stimulation of sensory area in awake patients gives opportunity to differ various types of sensitivity.Mapping and keeping of cognitive functions, memory, attention and ability of calculation increases chance to save professional skills and quality of life after operation.

PENGEMBANGAN BUKU AJAR BAHASA PRANCIS TINGKAT A1 BIDANG RESTORAN DAN DAPUR DI POLTEKPAR LOMBOK

Language is a verbal communication tool used by humans to convey ideas and desires. There are four language skills, they are (1) listening, (2) speaking, (3) reading, and (4) writing. French terminology is widely used in tourism and hospitality, especially in the areas of restaurants and kitchens. Examples: à la carte (single menu), gueridon service (chef serving guests cooking in front of guests using a pushcart), banquet, croissant (typical French bread shaped like a crescent moon), baguette (typical French bread shaped like a stick), chef (head cook), and so on. Until this date, France is the ancestor and is famous for its culinary centres and restaurants. A significant problem that needs to be addressed regarding French learning at Politeknik Pariwisata Lombok is the unavailability of A1 level French textbooks on restaurant and kitchen. The French books that are available are general French, while a French textbook specifically for restaurants and kitchens is highly needed. The methodology used in this study is Research and Development (R&amp;D). In the 2022 research, the author has conducted research on analyzing the need for textbooks to be developed. The author analyzed the needs by interviewing four sources, including: students at the Politeknik Pariwisata Lombok, Food and Culinary Arts study program, French lecturers at Universitas Negeri Medan and at Perguruan Tinggi Negeri Pariwisata (PTNP) of the Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy/Barekraf, and hotel industry based adjunct lecturers at Politeknik Pariwisata Lombok. The author's 2023 research focuses on developing A1 level French textbooks based on the need analysis from the four sources. The data obtained from developing textbooks is in the form of material that can be directly applied in restaurants and in the Politeknik Pariwisata Lombok practical kitchen. The textbook contains simple conversations supported by colorful pictures, YouTube links to watch videos or audio, and four basic language skills and vocabulary practice. The textbook has also been assessed by expert validators from lecturers who teach French in hotels and restaurants. The conclusion of the research and development of A1 level French textbooks on restaurant and kitchen at Politeknik Pariwisata Lombok is that the textbook can be used in two study programs, namely the Food Management and Culinary Arts study programs at Politeknik Pariwisata Lombok

Taxonomic notes on the genus Itea (Iteaceae).

The genus Itea (Iteaceae) is recognised as a genus with about 21 extant species of shrubs and trees. Within the genus, most species have oblong to elliptical leaves. The lanceolate and obolanceolate leaves are only found in three species, vix Iteaamoena Chun, Iteariparia Collett & Hemsl. and Iteatenuinervia S. Y. Liu. The results of our examination of literature, specimens and living plants in the wild have shown that Iteatenuinervia is conspecific with Iteariparia and is here reduced to a synonym of the latter species. The morphological description, colour pictures, voucher specimens, distribution map of Iteariparia and its related Iteaamoena, together with the morphological comparisons between the two species, are provided in this study.

DETECTION OF CRIME SCENE OBJECTS FOR EVIDENCE ANALYSIS USING DEEP LEARNING TECHNIQUES

Research on the detection of objects at crime scenes has flourished in the last two decades. Researchers have been concentrating on colour pictures, where lighting is a crucial component, since this is one of the most pressing issues in computer vision, with applications spanning surveillance, security, medicine, and more. However, nighttime monitoring is crucial since most security problems cannot be seen by the naked eye. That's why it's crucial to record a dark scene and identify the things at a crime scene. Even when its dark out, infrared cameras are indispensable. Both military and civilian sectors will benefit from the use of such methods for nighttime navigation. On the other hand, IR photographs have issues with poor resolution, lighting effects, and other similar issues. Surveillance cameras with infrared (IR) imaging capabilities have been the focus of much study and development in recent years. This research work has attempted to offer a good model for object recognition by using IR images obtained from crime scenes using Deep Learning. The model is tested in many scenarios including a central processing unit (CPU), Google COLAB, and graphics processing unit (GPU), and its performance is also tabulated.