Color Doppler Ultrasound Findings Research Articles

Biliary Atresia in Neonates and Infants

HomeRadiologyVol. 261, No. 3 PreviousNext CommunicationsLetters to the EditorBiliary Atresia in Neonates and InfantsSatheesh Krishna, Vinayak Mittal, Akshay K. Saxena, Kushaljit S. SodhiSatheesh Krishna, Vinayak Mittal, Akshay K. Saxena, Kushaljit S. SodhiAuthor AffiliationsDepartment of Radio Diagnosis, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Sector 12, Chandigarh 160012, India e-mail: [email protected]Satheesh KrishnaVinayak MittalAkshay K. SaxenaKushaljit S. SodhiPublished Online:Dec 1 2011https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.11110959MoreSectionsFull textPDF ToolsImage ViewerAdd to favoritesCiteTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked In Reference1 Lee MS, Kim MJ, Lee MJet al.. Biliary atresia: color Doppler US findings in neonates and infants. Radiology 2009;252(1):282–289. [Published correction appears in Radiology 2011;261(3):1003.] Link, Google ScholarArticle HistoryPublished online: Dec 2011Published in print: Dec 2011 FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsRecommended Articles Percutaneous US-guided Cholecystocholangiography with Microbubbles for Assessment of Infants with US Findings Equivocal for Biliary Atresia and Gallbladder Longer than 1.5 cm: A Pilot StudyRadiology2017Volume: 286Issue: 3pp. 1033-1039Risk Estimation for Biliary Atresia in Patients with Neonatal Cholestasis: Development and Validation of a Risk ScoreRadiology2018Volume: 288Issue: 1pp. 262-269Hepatic Imaging in Neonates and Young Infants: State of the ArtRadiology2017Volume: 285Issue: 3pp. 763-777Pediatric Hepatic Cystic Lesions: Differential Diagnosis and Multimodality Imaging ApproachRadioGraphics2022Volume: 42Issue: 5pp. 1514-1531Insight into Bile Duct Reaction to Obstruction from a Three-dimensional Perspective Using ex Vivo Phase-Contrast CTRadiology2021Volume: 299Issue: 3pp. 597-610See More RSNA Education Exhibits Neonatal Jaundice: A Multimodality Imaging ApproachDigital Posters2018Pictorial Review of Biliary Disorders in Infants and ChildrenDigital Posters2019360 Degrees of Pediatric Biliary Disease: Multimodality Imaging ReviewDigital Posters2019 RSNA Case Collection Intrahepatic bilomaRSNA Case Collection2022Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma RSNA Case Collection2021Perihilar CholangiocarcinomaRSNA Case Collection2021 Vol. 261, No. 3 Metrics Altmetric Score PDF download

Common Carotid Intima-media Thickness in Patients with Late Rheumatoid Arthritis; What Is the Role of Gender?

This study aimed to evaluate color Doppler sonographic findings in carotid arteries in RA patients under pharmacological treatments and to compare them with normal population. Forty nine patients with late RA and 48 healthy age and sex-matched controls were recruited. The two groups were matched for other known risk factors of atherosclerosis including serum lipid abnormalities, smoking status, diabetes mellitus and hypertension. High resolution B-mode color Doppler ultrasound with a 7 MHZ transducer was used for measuring the Common Carotid Intima-Medial Thickness (CCIMT) in both sides in all subjects. Presence of atherosclerotic plaque was also investigated. The mean left and maximum CCIMT was significantly higher in the case group (0.72 vs. 0.62 mm for the left artery; p < 0.01; 0.72 vs. 0.64 mm for the maximum reading; p = 0.01). No atherosclerotic plaque was found in common carotid arteries. There were 3 (6.1), 7 (14.3) and 9 (18.4%) plaques in left internal carotid artery, right carotid bulb and left carotid bulb in the case group, respectively with no atherosclerotic plaques in the controls (p = 0.24, 0.01 and < 0.001, respectively). Comparing the findings by gender in the case group with the controls, the mentioned significant differences were only between the male patients and the controls. The process of atherosclerosis in RA patients is similar to that in normal population. However, it is apparently accelerated and more advanced in these patients.

Gray-Scale and Color Doppler Ultrasound Findings in Children With Cow's Milk Allergy

The objective of our study was to evaluate whether gray-scale and color Doppler ultrasound can reveal intestinal inflammation in infants with cow's milk allergy (CMA). This study evaluated the clinical findings and grayscale and color Doppler sonograms of 34 infants. Seventeen 0- to 6-month-old infants with suspected CMA and 17 nonsymptomatic age-matched infants were evaluated by a blinded investigator who determined the percentage of vessel density and the thickness of different parts of the bowel. Clinical and sonographic variables were evaluated in the same regions of bowel considering three time points: presentation, after 4 weeks of feeding only amino acid-based formula, and after challenge test. Likelihood ratios and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to define a cutoff point for vascular density percentage. The difference in the percentage of vessel density between patients with CMA (mean, 28.1%) and control infants (mean, 7.77%) was statistically significant. ROC analysis showed that a cutoff point of 18.7% could differentiate between patients with CMA and control infants with 81.8% sensitivity and 94.1% specificity. The area under the curve was 0.941. We found statistical differences in bowel wall thickness between control patients and patients with CMA. There was a significant increase in vessel density in infants younger than 6 months with CMA compared with healthy age-matched infants. The most appropriate cutoff point for vessel density was 18.7%. The results of this study suggest that Doppler ultrasound could be used as a screening tool to diagnose CMA.

Sonographic findings in a case of polyneuropathy associated with POEMS syndrome

Polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M protein and skin changes (POEMS) syndrome is a rare multi-system disease. We describe the ultrasonography (US) and color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) findings of peripheral neuropathy in a patient with POEMS syndrome. In US examination, peripheral nerves were found to be diffusely thickned in both upper limbs. CDUS imaging showed arterial blood flow with low systolic peaks on the nerves.

Imaging of gynecological disease (6): clinical and ultrasound characteristics of ovarian dysgerminoma

To describe the clinical history and ultrasound findings in patients with ovarian dysgerminoma. This was a retrospective study of patients with a histological diagnosis of ovarian dysgerminoma who had undergone preoperative ultrasound examination. The patients were identified from the databases of 11 ultrasound centers. The tumors were described by the principal investigator at each contributing center on the basis of ultrasound images, ultrasound reports and research protocols (when applicable) using the terms and definitions of the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) group. In addition, three authors reviewed all available electronic ultrasound images (gray-scale images and color/power Doppler images were available for 18 patients and 14 patients, respectively) and described them using subjective evaluation of gray-scale and color Doppler ultrasound findings (here called pattern recognition). Twenty-one patients with ovarian dysgerminoma were identified (including one woman with bilateral masses). Twenty patients had a primary ovarian dysgerminoma (including the one with bilateral masses) and one patient had a recurrence of dysgerminoma in her retained ovary. One of the 21 patients was pregnant. All tumors except one were pure dysgerminomas, one being a mixed germinal cell tumor with 30% dysgerminoma component. Median age was 20 (range, 16-31) years. Information on clinical symptoms was available for 18 patients. In four patients, the tumor was detected incidentally, whereas 14 patients presented with one or more of the following symptoms: acute pain (n = 4), chronic pain (n = 8), bloating (n = 8), menstrual disorders (n = 5) and infertility problems (n = 1). One (5%) patient had ascites. Using the IOTA terms and definitions, all but one dysgerminoma were moderately (43%) or very well (50%) vascularized solid tumors. One tumor was multilocular-solid. According to pattern recognition, most dysgerminomas were highly vascularized, purely solid tumors with heterogeneous internal echogenicity divided into several lobules, had a smooth and sometimes lobulated contour and were well-defined relative to the surrounding organs. The ultrasound finding of a highly vascularized, large, solid, lobulated adnexal mass with irregular internal echogenicity in a woman 20-30 years old should raise the suspicion of ovarian dysgerminoma.

Comparative study of predilation with stent filter for Budd-Chiari syndrome with old IVC thrombosis: A nonrandomized prospective trial

To evaluate whether predilation approach yield intermediate-term results were better than those with stent filter approach. 59 BCS patients with old IVC thrombosis were selected for the treatment with a stent filter (n = 33, group A) or predilation (n = 26, group B) before thrombolysis, and subsequently underwent color Doppler ultrasound follow-up at our hospital. Data relating to the technical success, color Doppler ultrasound results, cost, mortality, morbidity, and final clinical results were collected prospectively and follow-ups were performed 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the procedures, and annually thereafter. Sent filter placement, thrombolysis and predilation were technically successful in all patients, with no procedure-related complications. Stent migration upward occurred in two patients, and removal of the stent filter was technically successful in 32 of 33 patients in group A. Inferior vena cavagrams performed before dilation with a 30-mm balloon catheter demonstrated that the IVC thrombus had completely resolved in all patients without pulmonary embolism. Reobstruction of the IVC without thrombosis was observed in three patients. Short of higher overall complications and costs in group A when compared to group B, there were no other differences in the clinical and color Doppler ultrasound findings, and primary patency rate between the two groups. All patients are alive with no recurrence of thrombosis at the time of this report. BCS patients with old IVC thrombosis treatment with predilation approach yielded intermediate-term results that were better than those with the stent filter approach.

Hepatic artery stenosis in liver transplantation: Imaging and interventional treatment

Main purpose of our study is to demonstrate the spectral and color Doppler ultrasonography (DUS) findings that would indicate hepatic artery stenosis (HAS) after liver transplantation and to report our single center results. Moreover we want to establish role and limits of the different imaging techniques in detecting HAS, proposing a non invasive diagnostic approach and to depict indications and feasibility of endovascular treatment in the single patient. Our study consisted of 222 patients who underwent liver transplantation between January 1999 and December 2009. DUS findings were correlated with multidetector computed tomography angiography (MDCTA) and angiographic results. HAS occurred in 21 cases (9.5%). In all cases diagnosis was performed by DUS. MDCTA quantified stenosis and showed an overall picture of splanchnic vascularization. Based on DUS and MDCTA data integration, in 9 cases we adopted the "wait and see" strategy. Moreover in 12 cases treatment was considered necessary. For hepatic artery stenosis, use of DUS criteria resulted in a sensitivity of 100% (20/20), a specificity of 99.5% (201/202), a positive predictive value (PPV) of 95% (20/21), and negative predictive value (NPV) of 100% (201/201), and an overall accuracy of 99.5% (221/222). Our study underline the role of DUS in early diagnosis of HAS: repeated evaluation of both direct and indirect signs increases NPV and sensitivity of DUS.

Duplex ultrasound evaluation of endoluminally treated aortic aneurysms with emphasis on diameter measurement: A comparison with computed tomography

The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of color Doppler ultrasound (CDUS) for endoleak detection and measurement of the aneurysm diameter after endovascular aortic aneurysm repair. Forty-eight CDUS and computed tomographic angiography (CTA) examinations performed concurrently on 29 patients who were treated with endovascular stent grafts for abdominal aortic aneurysms were included in the study. CTA and CDUS findings were retrospectively compared for aneurysm diameter, patency of the graft, and the presence of leaks in the aneurysm's lumen (the so-called "endoleaks"). The stent graft was patent in all patients. Including the follow-up examinations, endoleaks were detected in a total of 17 CTA studies. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for CDUS compared with CTA as the gold standard were 100%, 96%, 94.4%, and 100%, respectively. Kappa statistics showed a high level of agreement between CDUS ant CTA examinations (χ = 0.95). The aneurysm diameters measured with CDUS and CTA were significantly different, but within 5 mm of each other in 83% of patients. Provided that a strict CDUS protocol including spectral analysis of perigraft flow is used, CDUS is comparable to CTA for endoleak detection and measurement of the aneurysm diameter.

Conservative laparoscopic management of adnexal torsion

To evaluate our experience with adnexal torsion (AT) in 36 patients and the outcomes of the patients who were managed conservatively via laparoscopy. A prospective study was conducted on 36 patients who underwent operations for AT via laparoscopy between January 2008 and December 2009. Data including age, previous history, time of onset of symptoms, time of admission to hospital, gray-scale and color Doppler US findings, time interval between hospital admission and surgery, type of intervention, operative findings and postoperative gray-scale and Doppler US findings were recorded. In 29 (80.5%) patients, a preoperative diagnosis of AT was confirmed clinically. The mean age of the patients was 26.5, with a range of 11 to 44. Ovarian blood flow was assessed by color Doppler US ultrasonography in 30 patients preoperatively. In 11 (36.6%) patients, this was found to be normal. In 19 (63.3%) patients, ovarian blood flow was found to be pathological or absent. Laparoscopic conservative treatment was performed in 34 patients. In two patients, salpingo-oophorectomy was performed. No thromboembolic complications were seen. Postoperative ultrasonographic examinations confirmed normal ovarian morphology and Doppler blood flow in all patients with no recurrence. Early diagnosis and treatment are key factors in managing AT. According to the results of the present study, given its demonstrated safety and benefits, in women of reproductive age, a conservative approach of untwisting the adnexa and salvaging the ovary via laparoscopy should be considered in AT cases in which the time from the onset of symptoms to surgery does not exceed 44 hours, regardless of the color and number of twists.

Time-Dependent Doppler Ultrasonographic Findings in Transplanted Kidneys From Living Donors: A 5-Year Follow-Up Study

Introduction Ultrasonography and color Doppler have been used extensively to evaluate transplanted kidneys. Several recent studies have suggested its value to assess renal transplant dysfunction, particularly in the early postoperative period. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the time-dependent changes in color Doppler ultrasonography (DUS) findings during the first 5 years after renal transplantation. Methods Among a prospective cohort we evaluated the results of collar Doppler findings in renal allograft recipients over 5 years after transplantation. For this purpose we compared the DUS findings of kidney size, pulsatile index (PI), resistive index (RI) and renal artery flow before transplantation in living donor kidneys versus 6–12 months as well as 5 years after transplantation in 23 patients. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 16. P value was set at .05. Results The mean length of the transplanted kidney was 110.60 ± 7.92 mm before transplantation in the living donors body versus 120.29 ± 9.01 mm and 119.36 +/− 9.9 mm at 6–12 months versus more than 5 years after transplantation, respectively. Mean PI and RI were 1.00 +/− 0.14 and 0.60 +/− 0.05 before transplantation and 1.00 +/− 0.22 and 0.61 +/− 0.08 and 1.07 +/− 0.26 and 0.63 +/− 0.07 at 6–12 months versus more than 5 years after transplantation, respectively. There was no significant difference in mean PI and RI during the 5 years of the follow-up study. Mean length and anteroposterior diameter increased significantly at 6–12 months and 5 years after transplantation when compared with the results before transplantation ( P < .05). No significant difference was present in Doppler findings of transplanted kidneys between 6–12 months and 5 years after transplantation. In conclusion we observed increasing kidney size after transplantation that remained constant during 5 year follow-up among renal allograft recipients.

Resolution of Uterine Arteriovenous Malformation and Successful Pregnancy After Treatment With a Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist

Uterine arteriovenous malformations are a rare and potentially life-threatening condition. Medical therapy has not been popular because of the propensity for excessive bleeding in the patient. As a result, the effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (Gn-RH) agonists on uterine arteriovenous malformations has not been established. A 30-year-old patient presented with persistent vaginal bleeding. Based on the color Doppler ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging findings, a uterine arteriovenous malformation was diagnosed. Because initial treatment with methylergonovine maleate was unsuccessful, the patient was treated with Gn-RH agonists. The lesion completely disappeared after 6 months of Gn-RH agonist treatment. Five months after the completion of Gn-RH agonist therapy, the patient conceived spontaneously and successfully completed a normal pregnancy. The patient has remained free from recurrence of the lesion. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist therapy has the potential to be a conservative treatment modality for uterine arteriovenous malformations in hemodynamically stable patients.

Gray scale and color Doppler US findings of amniotic sheets

To identify the gray-scale and color Doppler ultrasonography (US) findings of amniotic sheets. Among 1201 pregnant patients who underwent detailed second trimester US, nine had amniotic sheets. An amniotic sheet was defined as a shelf-like structure in the uterine cavity with a free edge not attached to the fetus or umbilical cord. There was no major fetal anomaly observed in any patient. Eight patients had solitary amniotic sheets, and one patient had double sheets. All gray-scale and Doppler US features of amniotic sheets were noted. The incidence of an amniotic sheet was determined to be 0.75% (ten amniotic sheets were observed in nine patients). On gray-scale US images, amniotic sheets were observed as bands of tissue that originated from the uterine wall with a triangular-shaped base that tapered toward the free edge. A three-layered appearance was identified in seven amniotic sheets. Using Doppler US images, four of ten sheets showed a low-resistance arterial flow, and five of ten sheets showed non-pulsatile venous flows. No vascularization was observed in one patient with a thin, membranous sheet. Gray-scale US is sufficient for the diagnosis of amniotic sheets because of the typical US characteristics; however, Doppler US findings of amniotic sheets are highly variable. Thus, Doppler US may not be beneficial in the diagnosis of amniotic sheets.

Evaluation of retrobulbar blood flow in patients with age-related cataract; color Doppler ultrasonographic findings

ObjectivesCataracts are the most common cause of blindness worldwide, with cataract surgery being the most common ophthalmic procedure. To our best knowledge, this is the first case-control study with a large number of participants to evaluate ocular blood flow in patients with cataracts.Materials and methodsColor Doppler and duplex sonography of the orbital vessels was performed in 224 eyes of 112 patients with known bilateral age-related cataracts and in 76 eyes of 38 healthy age- and sex-matched volunteers.ResultsThe mean ± (standard deviation [SD]) of peak systolic velocity (PSV) of the ophthalmic artery in patients with cataracts (34.59 ± 22.49 cm/second) was significantly different to that in controls (52.11 ± 14.01 cm/second) (P < 0.001). The mean ± SD PSV of the central retinal artery in patients with cataracts (15.31 ± 4.93 cm/second) was significantly different to that in controls (9.61 ± 5.64 cm/second) (P < 0.001).ConclusionThe mean PSV and resistive index (RI) of the ophthalmic and central retinal arteries were lower in cataract patients when compared with normal subjects. This suggests that ocular hypoperfusion and changes in ocular hemodynamic may have a role in the formation of age-related cataracts.

Comparing Computed Tomography Angiography with Color Doppler Ultrasound Findings at Renovascular Hypertension Clinic Preliminary Diagnosed Cases

Comparing Computed Tomography Angiography with Color Doppler Ultrasound Findings at Renovascular Hypertension Clinic Preliminary Diagnosed Cases

Epitrochlear lymph nodes: Anatomy, clinical aspects, and sonography features. Pictorial essay

The normal and abnormal aspects of the epitrochlear lymphatic station are not well known, mainly because the axillary basin is commonly regarded as the primary lymphatic target of all upper limb disorders. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate, through a review of specific cases, the normal and abnormal findings that can emerge during ultrasonographic (US) and color-Doppler US exploration of the epitrochlear region. We illustrate the normal anatomy and variations of the epitrochlear lymph nodes and highlight the functional role of this lymphatic station. Subsequently we describe the US and color-Doppler US findings. A number of different abnormalities are reviewed, including metastases (mainly from upper limb cutaneous melanomas), Hodgkin disease, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, lymphadenitis (cat-scratch disease, foreign bodies, and IV drug abuse). Measures are suggested to avoid interpretative pitfalls and to carry out an effective differential diagnosis of elbow masses. This article represents a pictorial essay of the US and color-Doppler US features of various epitrochlear lymph node abnormalities that clinicians may not be familiar with.

Superficial Dorsal Penile Vein Thrombosis (Mondor Disease of the Penis) Involving the Superficial External Pudendal Vein

Journal of Ultrasound in MedicineVolume 29, Issue 8 p. 1243-1245 Case Report Superficial Dorsal Penile Vein Thrombosis (Mondor Disease of the Penis) Involving the Superficial External Pudendal Vein Color Doppler Sonographic Findings Işik Conkbayır MD, Corresponding Author Işik Conkbayır MD iconkbayir@yahoo.com Department of Radiology, Ministry of Health, Yildirim Beyazit Dişkapi Educational and Research Hospital, Dişkapi, Ankara, TurkeyAddress correspondence to Işik Conkbayır, MD, EMA Asmabahçe Konutlari, E/10 Çayyolu, Yenimahalle, TR-06440 Ankara, Turkey.,Search for more papers by this authorBahar Yanik MD, Bahar Yanik MD Department of Radiology, Ministry of Health, Yildirim Beyazit Dişkapi Educational and Research Hospital, Dişkapi, Ankara, TurkeySearch for more papers by this authorBahri Keyik MD, Bahri Keyik MD Department of Radiology, Ministry of Health, Yildirim Beyazit Dişkapi Educational and Research Hospital, Dişkapi, Ankara, TurkeySearch for more papers by this authorBaki Hekimoğlu MD, Baki Hekimoğlu MD Department of Radiology, Ministry of Health, Yildirim Beyazit Dişkapi Educational and Research Hospital, Dişkapi, Ankara, TurkeySearch for more papers by this author Işik Conkbayır MD, Corresponding Author Işik Conkbayır MD iconkbayir@yahoo.com Department of Radiology, Ministry of Health, Yildirim Beyazit Dişkapi Educational and Research Hospital, Dişkapi, Ankara, TurkeyAddress correspondence to Işik Conkbayır, MD, EMA Asmabahçe Konutlari, E/10 Çayyolu, Yenimahalle, TR-06440 Ankara, Turkey.,Search for more papers by this authorBahar Yanik MD, Bahar Yanik MD Department of Radiology, Ministry of Health, Yildirim Beyazit Dişkapi Educational and Research Hospital, Dişkapi, Ankara, TurkeySearch for more papers by this authorBahri Keyik MD, Bahri Keyik MD Department of Radiology, Ministry of Health, Yildirim Beyazit Dişkapi Educational and Research Hospital, Dişkapi, Ankara, TurkeySearch for more papers by this authorBaki Hekimoğlu MD, Baki Hekimoğlu MD Department of Radiology, Ministry of Health, Yildirim Beyazit Dişkapi Educational and Research Hospital, Dişkapi, Ankara, TurkeySearch for more papers by this author First published: 01 August 2010 https://doi.org/10.7863/jum.2010.29.8.1243Citations: 9Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume29, Issue8August 2010Pages 1243-1245 RelatedInformation

Color Doppler ultrasonographic findings in active ankylosing sacroiliitis

Objective To evaluate the color Doppler ultrasonographic findings of active ankylosing sacroiliitis.Methods Thirty three patients (66 sacroiliac joints in total) with active ankylosing sacroiliitis identified by MRI and twenty eight healthy volunteers (56 sacroiliac joints) underwent color Doppler ultrasound examinations of sacroiliac joints.Degree of blood flow within and around the sacroiliac joints was evaluated by semi-quantitative scale (0 - 4 grade).For arteries, resistive index was also measured.Statistical analyses were performed to compare blood flow demonstration rate, blood flow signal scale distribution,degree of blow flow and RI value between the two groups.Results Higher blood flow demonstration rate was found in patients with active ankylosing sacroiliitis(60/66,90.1%) than control group (25/56,44.6%)( P = 0.000).The scale distribution and degree of blow flow between these two groups were statistically different (all P = 0.000) ,with mainly 2～3 grade for the patients and 0～1 grade for the control.Mean value of RI in the patients was 0.57 ± 0.07, which was lower than the control (0.66 ± 0.04, P = 0.000).Conclusions Patients with active ankylosing sacroiliitis tend to have higher degree of blood flow in sacroiliac joints and lower RI values of artery.Color Doppler ultrasound may help to evaluate the activity of ankylosing sacroiliitis. Key words: Ultrasonography,Doppler,color; Spondylitis,ankylosing; Sacroiliac joint

Trichuriasis colitis detected by Doppler sonography

Trichuriasis affects children at an estimated prevalence rate of 17% in the world population. It sometimes affects the colon and causes unspecific symptoms and laboratory findings. This case describes a child with unspecific abdominal symptoms. Color Doppler sonography showed signs of diffuse colitis and colonoscopy demonstrated colonic infection by Trichuris. US was useful to orient the investigation. We describe color Doppler sonography findings and review the medical literature about the radiological findings of this entity.

B-flow and color Doppler sonography findings in iatrogenic carotid–jugular arteriovenous fistula

We describe the case of a 66-year-old woman with an aortic valve reconstruction. Subsequently she presented with an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) between the left common carotid artery and internal jugular vein following several attempts of jugular catheter insertion. Due to aliasing, correct visualization of the fistula track was hindered by conventional color Doppler. However, by using the B-flow imaging technique, the fistula track could be detected without aliasing or overwriting. Duplex examination revealed an AVF between both vessels with an arterialized waveform in the left jugular vein and a high-velocity turbulent flow inside the fistula. Due to these findings we will change our routine scanning protocol for extracranial vessels and will use B-flow in indistinctive or difficult conditions to obtain additional informations.

Eggshell Calcification of the Testis

Calcification of the tunica vaginalis and tunica albuginea testis is a very rare finding. In the literature, only a few cases have been reported in the adult age group. In the pediatric age group, a single-layer calcified rim at the periphery of the testicle was shown in 1 report. 1 However, to our knowledge, double-layer peripheral calcification of the testis, possibly due to calcification of the tunica vaginalis and tunica albuginea, has not been described before. Here, the gray scale ultrasonographic and color Doppler ultrasonographic (CDUS) findings of eggshell calcification of the testis in a pediatric patient are presented.