Collider Detector At Fermilab Research Articles

Top Quark Mass from the Tevatron and LHC Colliders

The discovery of the top quark in 1995 has been one of the great successes of the CDF and D0 experiments at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. Since then, many measurements of the top quark properties have been performed in different channels and using many methods. The importance of measuring its mass lies in the possibility of verifying the predictions and the consistency of the Standard Model as well as in setting constraints on possible, still unobserved, physics. In 2010, the new CERN experiments, ATLAS and CMS, started to measure the top quark properties exploiting the large amount of data collected at the Large Hadron Collider. In March 2014, the very first combination of measurements from all the four experiments has been performed yielding Mtop = 173.34 ± 0.76 GeV, with a precision below 0.5%. In these proceedings a selected review of the most recent or relevant results obtained by the Tevatron and LHC Collaborations is presented.

Hc production at hadron colliders

In this paper, we present the study of the hadroproduction rate of hc at next-to-leading order in under the nonrelativisitic QCD (NRQCD) factorization framework, using color-octet long-distance matrix elements obtained from a global fit of experimental measurements on yield and the ratio from the CDF, LHCb, CMS, and ATLAS Collaborations. This paper considers the problem of NRQCD scale dependence for the first time, and finds that, for some experimental conditions, the choice of this scale can significantly affect the final results, which indicates that, for these conditions, theoretical evaluation up to next-to-leading order cannot provide sufficiently precise predictions. We also present a brief analysis on the NRQCD scale dependence problem, and provide a criterion to determine in which case next-to-leading order prediction would be ruined by the scale dependence.

Central exclusive dijet production at the Tevatron

We present a review of central exclusive dijet production in [Formula: see text] collisions, where the proton and antiproton emerge intact, and only two jets of transverse energy above a certain threshold are present in the final state. The results are published in two papers by the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) Collaboration, a PRL (2000) and a PRD (2008), based on data collected at [Formula: see text] and 1.96 TeV, respectively, and a D0 Collaboration paper from studies at 1.96 TeV. In all three cases predictions for the cross-section of Higgs boson production are discussed, a process that proceeds via a similar mechanism as dijet production. Roman Pot Spectrometers equipped with tracking detectors are used to measure the outgoing antiproton (CDF and D0) and proton (D0), and special forward detectors are employed to help reduce backgrounds and enrich the data in diffractive and exclusive dijet events.

Properties of the Top Quark

The top quark is the heaviest known elementary particle, and it is often considered a window through which to search for new physics processes in particle physics. A large program to study the top quark properties has been carried out at both the Tevatron and LHC colliders by the D0, CDF, ATLAS, and CMS experiments. The most recent results are discussed in this review.

Perturbative QCD description of jet data from LHC Run-I and Tevatron Run-II

We present a systematic comparison of jet predictions at the LHC and the Tevatron, with accuracy up to next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO). The exact computation at NNLO is completed for the gluons-only channel, so we compare the exact predictions for this channel with an approximate prediction based on threshold resummation, in order to determine the regions where this approximation is reliable at NNLO. The kinematic regions used in this study are identical to the experimental setup used by recently published jet data from the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the LHC, and CDF and D0 experiments at the Tevatron. We study the effect of choosing different renormalisation and factorisation scales for the NNLO exact prediction and as an exercise assess their impact on a PDF fit including these corrections. Finally we provide numerical values of the NNLO k-factors relevant for the LHC and Tevatron experiments.

Spectator scattering and annihilation contributions as a solution to theπKandππpuzzles within QCD factorization approach

The large branching ratios for pure annihilation $\bar{B}_s^0$ $\to$ $\pi^+ \pi^-$ and $\bar{B}_d^0$ $\to$ $K^+ K^-$ decays reported by CDF and LHCb collaborations recently and the so-called ${\pi}K$ and ${\pi}{\pi}$ puzzles indicate that spectator scattering and annihilation contributions are important to the penguin-dominated, color-suppressed tree dominated, and pure annihilation nonleptonic $B$ decays. Combining the available experimental data for $B_{u,d}$ ${\to}$ $\pi \pi$, ${\pi}K$ and $K \bar{K}$ decays, we do a global fit on the spectator scattering and annihilation parameters $X_H({\rho}_H$, ${\phi}_H)$, $X_A^i({\rho}_A^{i},{\phi}_A^{i})$ and $X_A^f({\rho}_A^{f},{\phi}_A^{f})$, which are used to parameterize the endpoint singularity in amplitudes of spectator scattering, nonfactorizable and factorizable annihilation topologies within the QCD factorization framework, in three scenarios for different purpose. Numerically, in scenario II, we get $({\rho}_A^{i},{\phi}_A^{i}[^{\circ}])=(2.88^{+1.52}_{-1.30},-103^{+33}_{-40})$ and $({\rho}_A^{f},{\phi}_A^{f}[^{\circ}])=(1.21^{+0.22}_{-0.25},-40^{+12}_{-8})$ at the $68\%$ confidence level, which are mainly demanded by resolving ${\pi}K$ puzzle and confirm the presupposition that $X_A^i\neq X_A^f$. In addition, correspondingly, the $B$-meson wave function parameter $\lambda_B$ is also fitted to be $0.18^{+0.11}_{-0.08}\, MeV$, which plays an important role for resolving both ${\pi}K$ and $\pi\pi$ puzzles. With the fitted parameters, the QCDF results for observables of $B_{u,d}$ $\to$ $\pi \pi$, $\pi K$ and $K \bar{K}$ decays are in good agreement with experimental measurements. Much more experimental and theoretical efforts are expected to understand the underlying QCD dynamics of spectator scattering and annihilation contributions.

Portrait of a colour octet

New colour octets stand out among the new physics proposals to explain the anomalous forward-backward asymmetry measured in $t \bar t$ production by the CDF experiment at the Tevatron. We perform a fit to $t \bar t$ observables at the Tevatron and the LHC, including total cross sections, various asymmetries and the top polarisation and spin correlations, to find the most likely parameters of a light colour octet to be consistent with data. In particular, an octet coupling only to right-handed quarks gives a good fit to all measurements. The implications from the general fit are drawn in terms of predictions for top polarisation observables whose measurements are yet not very precise, and observables which simply have not been measured.

Fragmentation contributions to J/ψ production at the Tevatron and the LHC.

We compute leading-power fragmentation corrections to J/ψ production at the Tevatron and the LHC. We find that, when these corrections are combined with perturbative corrections through next-to-leading order in the strong coupling constant α(s), we obtain a good fit to high-p(T) cross section data from the CDF and CMS Collaborations. The fitted long-distance matrix elements lead to predictions of near-zero J/ψ polarization in the helicity frame at large p(T).

Hadrinoc production of χ c -nesons at LHC

Hadronic production of P-wave charmonium states χcJ in hadronic interaction is considered. Using the experimental results of CDF and LHCb collaborations, we show, that contributions of color singlet components are dominant. As for the color octet mechanism, then we show, that contributions from P-wave states can also be observed, while the contribution from S-wave is negligible. The best experimental observables that give information about relative importance of color-singlet and color-octet components are the ratios χc2/χc1 and χc0/χc1.

Many-core applications to online track reconstruction in HEP experiments

Interest in parallel architectures applied to real time selections is growing in High Energy Physics (HEP) experiments. In this paper we describe performance measurements of Graphic Processing Units (GPUs) and Intel Many Integrated Core architecture (MIC) when applied to a typical HEP online task: the selection of events based on the trajectories of charged particles. We use as benchmark a scaled-up version of the algorithm used at CDF experiment at Tevatron for online track reconstruction – the SVT algorithm – as a realistic test-case for low-latency trigger systems using new computing architectures for LHC experiment. We examine the complexity/performance trade-off in porting existing serial algorithms to many-core devices. Measurements of both data processing and data transfer latency are shown, considering different I/O strategies to/from the parallel devices.

A data handling system for modern and future Fermilab experiments

Current and future Fermilab experiments such as Minerva, NOνA, and MicroBoone are now using an improved version of the Fermilab SAM data handling system. SAM was originally used by the CDF and D0 experiments for Run II of the Fermilab Tevatron to provide file metadata and location cataloguing, uploading of new files to tape storage, dataset management, file transfers between global processing sites, and processing history tracking. However SAM was heavily tailored to the Run II environment and required complex and hard to deploy client software, which made it hard to adapt to new experiments. The Fermilab Computing Sector has progressively updated SAM to use modern, standardized, technologies in order to more easily deploy it for current and upcoming Fermilab experiments, and to support the data preservation efforts of the Run II experiments.

Long Term Data Preservation for CDF at INFN-CNAF

Long-term preservation of experimental data (intended as both raw and derived formats) is one of the emerging requirements coming from scientific collaborations. Within the High Energy Physics community the Data Preservation in High Energy Physics (DPHEP) group coordinates this effort. CNAF is not only one of the Tier-1s for the LHC experiments, it is also a computing center providing computing and storage resources to many other HEP and non-HEP scientific collaborations, including the CDF experiment. After the end of data taking in 2011, CDF is now facing the challenge to both preserve the large amount of data produced during several years of data taking and to retain the ability to access and reuse it in the future. CNAF is heavily involved in the CDF Data Preservation activities, in collaboration with the Fermilab National Laboratory (FNAL) computing sector. At the moment about 4 PB of data (raw data and analysis-level ntuples) are starting to be copied from FNAL to the CNAF tape library and the framework to subsequently access the data is being set up. In parallel to the data access system, a data analysis framework is being developed which allows to run the complete CDF analysis chain in the long term future, from raw data reprocessing to analysis-level ntuple production. In this contribution we illustrate the technical solutions we put in place to address the issues encountered as we proceeded in this activity.

Erratum: Bottom-Quark Forward-Backward Asymmetry in the Standard Model and Beyond [Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 062003 (2013)

week ending 13 JUNE 2014 PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS PRL 112, 239901 (2014) Erratum: Bottom-Quark Forward-Backward Asymmetry in the Standard Model and Beyond [Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 062003 (2013)] Benjamin Grinstein * and Christopher W. Murphy † Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA (Received 20 May 2014; published 9 June 2014) DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.239901 PACS numbers: 14.65.Fy, 99.10.Cd We found a bug in FEYNRULES 1.6.1 [1] and reported it to the authors of the program. This bug affected the plot in the middle row and right column of Fig. 1 in our Letter. The correct result is shown in Fig. 1 here. This bug is not present in the current version of the program, FEYNRULES 2.0.24 [2], which had not been released at the time our Letter was published. We thank Ezequiel Alvarez for discussions, which led to the discovery of the bug. M 130 GeV, 1.3 solid M 105 GeV, 1.2 dashed A b FB b M bb GeV b FIG. 1 (color online). Predictions for the binned A b FB from scalar weak doublet model. SM predictions are in orange. In black are b b ¯ CDF’s expected sensitivities [3] for A FB . [1] N. D. Christensen and C. Duhr, Comput. Phys. Commun. 180, 1614 (2009). [2] A. Alloul, N. D. Christensen, C. Degrande, C. Duhr, and B. Fuks, arXiv:1310.1921. [3] P. Bartos on behalf of the (CDF collaboration), First Measurement of Forward-Backward Asymmetry in b b ¯ Production at CDF (2012), http://indico.cern.ch/event/175916/session/1/contribution/40/material/slides/0.pdf. © 2014 American Physical Society

Drift chamber alignment using cosmic rays

The Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) is a general-purpose experimental apparatus with an inner tracking detector for measuring charged particles, surrounded by a calorimeter for measurements of electromagnetic and hadronic showers and a muon detector system. We present a technique for, and results of, a precise relative alignment of the drift chamber wires of the CDF tracker. This alignment has been an important component of the track momentum calibration, which is the basis for the charged-lepton calibration for the measurement of the W boson mass at CDF.

Standard model Higgs boson searches through the 125 GeV boson discovery

Searches for the standard model Higgs boson are reviewed from the 2 TeV run of the Tevatron with ~ 10 fb-1 of recorded data, and from the 7 and 8 TeV runs of the LHC, with ~ 5 and ~ 6 fb-1, respectively, i.e., until the July-2012 discovery of a new particle by the LHC experiments. The CMS and ATLAS Collaborations observe independently a new boson with mass ~ 125 GeV, mainly through its bosonic decays in gammagamma, ZZ, and W+W-, consistent with the standard model Higgs boson. The CDF and D0 experiments combine their results to see evidence of a similar particle produced in association with a vector boson and decaying fermionically in bbbar.

Indirect measurement ofsin2θW(orMW) usingμ+μ−pairs fromγ*/Zbosons produced inpp¯collisions at a center-of-momentum energy of 1.96 TeV

Drell-Yan lepton pairs are produced in the process $p\bar{p} \rightarrow \mu^+\mu^- + X$ through an intermediate $\gamma^*/Z$ boson. The forward-backward asymmetry in the polar-angle distribution of the $\mu^-$ as a function of the invariant mass of the $\mu^+\mu^-$ pair is used to obtain the effective leptonic determination $\sin^2 \theta^{lept}_{eff}$ of the electroweak-mixing parameter $\sin^2 \theta_W$, from which the value of $\sin^2 \theta_W$ is derived assuming the standard model. The measurement sample, recorded by the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF), corresponds to 9.2 fb-1 of integrated luminosity from $p\bar{p}$ collisions at a center-of-momentum energy of 1.96 TeV, and is the full CDF Run II data set. The value of $\sin^2 \theta^{lept}_{eff}$ is found to be 0.2315 +- 0.0010, where statistical and systematic uncertainties are combined in quadrature. When interpreted within the context of the standard model using the on-shell renormalization scheme, where $\sin^2 \theta_W = 1 - M_W^2/M_Z^2$, the measurement yields $\sin^2 \theta_W$ = 0.2233 +- 0.0009, or equivalently a W-boson mass of 80.365 +- 0.047 GeV/c^2. The value of the W-boson mass is in agreement with previous determinations in electron-positron collisions and at the Tevatron collider.

Higher bottom and bottom-strange mesons

Motivated by the recent observation of the orbital excitation $B(5970)$ by CDF collaboration, we have performed a systematical study of the mass spectrum and strong decay patterns of the higher $B$ and $B_s$ mesons. Hopefully the present investigation may provide valuable clues to further experimental exploration of these intriguing excited heavy mesons.

First Search for ExoticZBoson Decays into Photons and Neutral Pions in Hadron Collisions

A search for forbidden and exotic Z boson decays in the diphoton mass spectrum is presented for the first time in hadron collisions, based on data corresponding to 10.0 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity from proton-antiproton collisions at √s = 1.96 TeV collected by the CDF experiment. No evidence of signal is observed, and 95% credibility level Bayesian upper limits are set on the branching ratios of decays of the Z boson to a photon and neutral pion (which is detected as a photon), a pair of photons, and a pair of neutral pions. The observed branching ratio limits are 2.01 × 10(-5) for Z → π(0)γ, 1.46 × 10(-5) for Z → γγ, and 1.52 × 10(-5) for Z → π(0)π(0). The Z → π(0)γ and Z → γγ limits improve the most stringent results from other experiments by factors of 2.6 and 3.6, respectively. The Z → π(0)π(0) branching ratio limit is the first experimental result on this decay.

CDF Run II silicon vertex detector annealing study

Between Run II commissioning in early 2001 and the end of operations in September 2011, the Tevatron collider delivered 12fb−1 of pp¯ collisions at s=1.96TeV to the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF). During that time, the CDF silicon vertex detector was subject to radiation doses of up to 12Mrad. After the end of operations, the silicon detector was annealed for 24days at 18°C. In this paper, we present a measurement of the change in the bias currents for a subset of sensors during the annealing period. We also introduce a novel method for monitoring the depletion voltage throughout the annealing period. The observed bias current evolution can be characterized by a falling exponential term with time constant τI=17.88±0.36(stat.)±0.25(syst.) days. We observe an average decrease of (27±3)% in the depletion voltage, whose evolution can similarly be described by an exponential time constant of τV=6.21±0.21days. These results are consistent with the Hamburg model within the measurement uncertainties.

New results of experiments at the Tevatron

The most important results obtained by the D0 and CDF collaborations in 2011–2012 on the search for the Higgs boson, studying the properties of the t-quark, measuring the W-boson mass, studying meson and baryon states with b-quarks, and a search for a New Physics beyond the Standard Model, are discussed. A comparison with the experimental results from the LHC is given.