Objective: Investigate understanding the impact of the active Problem Based Learning (PBL) methodology on the knowledge consolidated during medical graduation and the challenge of social management. Theoretical Framework: Social management is a process that is taken to a specific community and is based on collective, continuous and open learning for the design and execution of projects that respond to the needs and problems of a specific focus. In this context, we involve the learning process as a dynamic process that suffers from interference from all of an individual's biopsychosocial components. Understanding that different teaching techniques generate different results in content retention and learning itself is essential for new methodologies and technologies to be developed in order to facilitate this process. In this sense, the problem-based method or PBL consists of a teaching model centered on the student and their knowledge and the teacher in the figure of a tutor, who guides the student on the learning journey, and is shown to be an innovative method, modifying relationships between learning agents and knowledge itself, especially in the academic environment. Method: The methodology adopted for this research comprises a bibliographical review of the literature. Data collection was carried out through articles published on the PubMed and SciELO platforms, totaling 13 articles that met the inclusion criteria. Results and Discussion: The results obtained revealed that PBL promotes a significant improvement in students' critical thinking capacity, and the implementation of PBL in teaching environments was associated with significant learning and the development of essential skills for academic development and professional practice. In general, the articles analyzed show that choosing PBL as a teaching method in different educational contexts not only improves academic performance, but also develops crucial skills for professional practice, preparing students to face complex challenges and improve their capabilities at the same time. throughout their careers. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by addressing the use of PBL as a dynamic and effective teaching method, compared to traditional teaching and social management. The relevance and value of this research are based on the extent to which it addresses a learning model that can provide essential skills for training in the health field.