Collection Strategies Research Articles

Social norms and cooperation in higher-order networks

Recent research has been focused on understanding how cooperation is fostered through various mechanisms in cognitive settings, particularly through pairwise interactions. However, real-world interactions often extend beyond simple dyads, including multiple cliques with both pairwise and higher-order interactions. These complex interactions influence how individuals perceive and adapt their strategies based on social norms. We here introduce a model that explores the evolution of collective strategies and social norms within a heterogeneous environment, encompassing both dyadic and three-body interactions. We find that social norms play a crucial role in promoting cooperation in comparison with simply imitating the most successful neighbour. We also show that the rise of prosocial norms leads to increased cooperation across various social dilemmas, often resulting in shifts from defective to cooperative behaviour. Additionally, we observe that a moderate level of information privacy helps sustaining prosocial norms and curtails antisocial tendencies, even in situations where mutual defection might seem advantageous. Our research thus offers insights into the evolution of cooperation through the lens of social norm diffusion in higher-order networks.

Social vs. individual age-dependent costs of imperfect vaccination

In diseases with long-term immunity, vaccination is known to increase the average age at infection as a result of the decrease in the pathogen circulation. This implies that a vaccination campaign can have negative effects when a disease is more costly (financial or health-related costs) for higher ages. This work considers an age-structured population transmission model with imperfect vaccination. We aim to compare the social and individual costs of vaccination, assuming that disease costs are age-dependent, while the disease’s dynamic is age-independent. A model for pathogen deterministic dynamics in a population consisting of juveniles and adults, assumed to be rational agents, is introduced. The parameter region for which vaccination has a positive social impact is fully characterized and the Nash equilibrium of the vaccination game is obtained. Finally, collective strategies designed to promote voluntary vaccination, without compromising social welfare, are discussed.

Seberapa Efektivitas Aplikasi SiAKU Terhadap Laporan Keuangan Koperasi Desa Wisata Candirejo: Studi Kasus Pada Koperasi Desa Wisata Candirejo

This study aims to examine the difference in how effective and efficient the application is in managing the financial statements of the Candirejo Tourism Village Cooperative, before and after using through the Financial Administration Information System (SiAKU) application. Through the Si AKU application, experts provide comprehensive updates and settings to make it easier for Candirejo city tourists to help record visit packages. Candirejo tourism village is a tourism located in Candirejo Village, Borobudur District, Magelang Regency, Central Java Province. This study used quantitative procedures with data collection strategies through convenience surveys to obtain satisfaction fulfillment scores. This study uses quantitative methods that explain the differences between variables. This study used a sample of 10 respondents from employees of the Candirejo Tourism Village Cooperative through the interview method and the Paired T-Test stage with an alpha of 5%. The results of this test show that there are differences between effectiveness and efficient variables in managing the time of making financial statements at the Candirejo Tourism Village Cooperative.

The Influence of the Game-Based Learning Model with Baamboozle Application Media on Critical Thinking and PPKn Learning Outcomes for 2nd Grade Elementary School Students

This ponder points to decide the impact of the game-based learning demonstrate with the baamboozle application media on basic considering and civics learning results for moment review rudimentary school understudies. This inquire about could be a sort of test investigate with a quantitative approach. The method utilized is the test strategy within the shape of a quasy test plan with a pretest-posttest control gather plan. The test in this consider were understudies of SD Negeri Tempursari 01, Course II. Information collection strategies incorporate perception and tests. The information examination strategy utilized in this investigate is the test/T-test information examination procedure, where the collected information will be prepared and analyzed utilizing the typicality test and homogeneity test. The information investigation strategy utilized the SPSS form 21 application. After testing, it is known that the importance esteem is 0.000 which is underneath the foreordained importance esteem, specifically 0,000 ≤ 0,05. The comes about appeared that learning utilizing the game-based learning demonstrate with the baamboozle application media significantly impacted basic considering and learning results of PPKn understudies in lesson II character at SD Negeri Tempursari 01.

Pengembangan Aspek Landasan Terhadap Perancangan Kurikulum di Sekolah Dasar

This article discusses the development of a foundation for curriculum design in primary schools. A foundation must support the development of the curriculum in order for it to work in accordance with its stated objectives. Guidelines for curriculum design should be included in the curriculum content. The curriculum is a tool for work that is prepared so that the plan can be followed effectively. The research methodology used in this article is the desk research method, which involves collecting information from various online sources, including books and journals. In other words, the desk research method requires a literature review of data sources in the form of books and journals. The purpose of this article is to provide readers with a better understanding of the fundamentals involved in curriculum design. The data collection strategy or data analysis technique uses a qualitative approach, specifically a literature analysis of data from books and journals found on the internet. The results of this study found that there are 4 foundations of curriculum design including, (1) the philosophical foundation, which is used in the creation of the curriculum both as an actual implementation in schools and as a written program, (2) the psychological foundation, to modify teaching to suit the needs of students, starting with the content that needs to be taught and how to teach it, (3) the sociological foundation, which must be adapted to the environment of the community where education is held, including the facilities and infrastructure available, affecting and supporting the implementation of education, (4) the foundation of science and technology, the curriculum must consider industry needs, lifestyles, labor needs and demands, and individual needs in line with advances in science and technology in order to keep pace with these developments. This research will also show how the above foundations can play an important role in curriculum design. Keywords: foundation, design, curriculum

Pengaruh Kompensasi, Disiplin Kerja Dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan

This research aims to examine the significance of the influence of compensation, work discipline and job satisfaction on employee performance (case study on PT Rumpun Sari Kemuning, Ngargoyoso District, Karanganyar Regency). This form of research is a survey. The population in this research is 300 employees. The sample in this research was 75 labor employees obtained from the Slovin Formula. The sample sampling method uses random sampling techniques. This research uses a descriptive data analysis method, and is analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The data collection strategy uses questionnaires. The findings show that compensation, work discipline and job satisfaction have a significant effect on the performance of PT Rumpun Sari Kemuning employees.

Management of Zakat Funds in Improving The Community Economy. A Study on The Nationnal Amil Zakat Agency of Merangin District

This research is entitled Management of Zakat Funds in Improving the Community's Economy (Study of the National Amil Zakat Agency of Merangin Regency). The objectives of this research are 1) To determine the strategy for collecting zakat in improving the community economy at the National Amil Zakat Agency in Merangin Regency. 2) To find out the zakat distribution strategy at the National Zakat Amil Agency in Merangin Regency. 3) To find out the utilization of the National Amil Zakat Agency in the Merangin Regency. The research method used is qualitative descriptive analysis with empirical studies and documentation as well as through interview methods. The object of the research is the Merangi Regency National Zakat Agency. The research results show that the fund collection strategy carried out at the National Amil Zakat Agency in Merangin Regency uses two methods, namely a direct fund collection strategy and an indirect fund collection strategy. The fund distribution strategy carried out at the National Amil Zakat Agency in Merangin Regency is still to determine programs with a traditional consumptive distribution model, a creative consumptive distribution model, a traditional productive distribution model, and a creative productive distribution model. Community empowerment carried out by the National Amil Zakat Agency in Merangin Regency is carried out in two ways, namely consumptive and productive.

International Trade Law and the World Trade Organization: Promoting Global Economic Cooperation

International commerce has emerged as a key EG driver in our more interconnected world, boosting both national prosperity and individual well-being. This study intends to investigate how the World Trade Organization (WTO) and international trade law (ITL) are related and what function they play in fostering international economic cooperation. Data collection and analysis will be done using a quantitative research approach. The data collection strategy will involve the creation and distribution of online surveys to individuals interested in ITL and the WTO. The survey questionnaire will encompass inquiries about various aspects, including the impact of ITL on economic cooperation, the effectiveness of the WTO's policies, and other relevant variables. A sample size of 600 individuals, who are knowledgeable about or involved in ITL and the WTO, will be selected. Statistical analysis programs like SPSS will be used to analyze the data from the online surveys. The data will be employed to examine the relationship between ITL, the WTO, and their influence on global economic cooperation. The collected data through the questionnaire will be instrumental in achieving the objectives of this research study. The 600 questionnaires distributed were arranged in the form of a Likert Scale. This information will be gathered in order to better understand how ITL and the WTO affect international economic cooperation by shedding light on their respective contributions to that cause.

Urologic oncology considerations in transgender and gender diverse patients.

This review delves into the pressing issue of urologic oncology considerations within the transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) community. With estimates suggesting that TGD individuals constitute 0.3 to 0.5% of adults worldwide, and this number steadily rising, our review examines the barriers that impede the delivery of excellent quality care, particularly in the context of cancer diagnosis and treatment. Recent findings highlight disparities in cancer screening, diagnosis, and treatment access for TGD individuals. These challenges are compounded by a dearth of research and the failure of healthcare systems to account for gender identity and its nuances in data collection. Main themes in the literature include the impact of gender-affirming hormone therapy and surgery on cancer risk, challenges in prostate cancer screening and management, and considerations pertinent to testicular and other urological cancers in TGD patients. The implications for clinical practice and research are profound and emphasize the need for multidisciplinary approaches that cater to the unique healthcare needs of TGD individuals. This includes comprehensive strategies for inclusive and accurate data collection, alongside the development of evidence-based guidelines for cancer screening and management tailored specifically to this population.

BB-GeoGPT: A framework for learning a large language model for geographic information science

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit impressive capabilities across diverse tasks in natural language processing. Nevertheless, challenges arise such as large model parameter size and limited model accessibility through APIs such as ChatGPT and GPT-4, which prohibits the model deployment on mobile devices and domain adaptation or fine-tuning. Moreover, while LLMs excel in general domains, their performance in specialized fields such as GIS may not always align with the expectations of domain experts. This is primarily attributed to the diverse disciplinary origins of the training data, which often lack comprehensive coverage and treatment of knowledge specific to individual disciplines (e.g., GIS). Therefore, there is a crucial need to train and adapt LLMs specifically designed for different professional fields. In this paper, our focus is on the GIS domain, where we introduce BB(BaBy)-GeoGPT, a large language model with GIS-specific knowledge. To achieve this goal, we curated a comprehensive set of resources, comprising model pretraining data (BB-GeoPT, 26,907 documents), supervised fine-tuning data (BB-GeoSFT, 35,876 instructions), and evaluation data (BB-GeoEval, 600 objective questions and 150 subjective questions). BB-GeoGPT is developed by first adapting an open-source general-domain LLM, the LLaMA-2-7B model, to our pretraining data. Subsequently, we use instruction tuning to further fine-tune the model on our BB-GeoSFT. Through extensive experiments on the evaluation dataset, BB-GeoGPT demonstrates improvements ranging from 10.55% to 47.57% for objective questions and from 7.87% to 27.73% for subjective questions, when compared to general LLMs of similar size in terms of accuracy. Moreover, our data collection strategy and the amassed data can serve as a foundation for advancing LLM research in the GIS domain, fostering further development.

Rural Self-Organizing Resilience: Village Collective Strategies and Negotiation Paths in Urbanization Process in the TPSNT Framework: A Case Study of the Hongren Village, China

Studies on rural transformation in the context of urbanization have always analyzed it from a single linear perspective, either top-down or bottom-up. This leads to simplistic generalizations of rural transformation models and the standardization of policy implementation. Based on the TPSN analytical framework, this study adds the temporality dimension to form a more comprehensive TPSNT framework. This paper explores the complex construction of rural space in rural transformation from the five dimensions of “territory, place, scale, network and temporality“ and takes the urban village, Hongren, in Kunming City, China, as a case study to analyze the specific transformation process of a village. The research revealed the following: First, in the face of land loss caused by government land acquisition, traditional rural autonomous organizations that have been hidden under the modern governance system have been revived under the influence of traditional elites and completed bottom-up territorialization by using some “maneuver spaces “to form a spatial base for negotiation with the government. Second, the cohesion of traditional rural autonomous organizations has increased during this process, and with the help of mobile capital such as media and personal connections, they have developed social networks that transcend the spatial boundaries of villages. Third, these newly constructed social networks are used to carry out various political strategies at various scales and finally negotiated with the government to rewrite the planning plan so that the village can continue to develop and integrate into the city. Finally, the analysis of the temporal dimensions of Hongren village revealed that even within the same village, changes in the other four dimensions develop dynamically, and rural transformation is an ongoing process. Therefore, when the government deals with rural issues in the process of urbanization, it should avoid a one-size-fits-all approach. Unified policy implementation standards will have an irreversible negative impact on rural autonomous organizations.

A New Joint Data Collection and Wireless Energy Transfer (SSDCWC) Strategy for Rechargeable Wireless Sensor Network

A New Joint Data Collection and Wireless Energy Transfer (SSDCWC) Strategy for Rechargeable Wireless Sensor Network

Applicability of pre-trained CNNs in temperate deforestation detection

ABSTRACT Technological advancements have opened up new possibilities for accurately identifying deforested areas and developing effective data collection strategies. Our paper proposes a practical approach to improve deforestation monitoring using satellite images and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for image classification. To train the CNNs, we used labeled data primarily sourced from the Amazon basin, while images from the Romanian Carpathian mountains were reserved for testing. Building on this foundation, we evaluated various pre-trained CNN architectures, including AlexNet, VGGNet, ResNet, DenseNet, EfficientNet, GoogLeNet, and Swin Transformer, comparing their performance with a typical CNN architecture. In addition, we refined the performance by testing four ensemble learning methods. We found a decrease of only 10% in accuracy for using the models on data from the temperate area. Our findings contribute to this interdisciplinary field by providing insights into the effectiveness of pre-trained CNNs in classifying satellite images from temperate regions, trained with knowledge from tropical deforestation data. This contribution may open ways for the development of a quasi real-time deforestation monitoring system and serve as a reference for future research in temperate areas.

Near 2π solid angle fluorescence collection for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy.

Detecting heavy metal and radioactive elements distributed in the environment and human body is crucial for life and environmental safety. A lens with a high numerical aperture (NA) is used in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy to collect the plasma fluorescence as much as possible and improve the limit of detection. However, even a lens with NA up to 0.6, only the fluorescence in a solid angle of 0.4π can be collected. In this work, a novel, to our knowledge, fluorescence collecting scheme composed of a parabolic mirror and a lens is proposed which can collect the plasma fluorescence in a solid angle of ∼1.4π for an opaque material and ∼1.9π for a transparent material. Simulation results show that for opaque samples, this method can improve the fluorescence collection ability by 3.8 times compared to a single lens (NA = 0.5) collection scheme, and for transparent samples 4.5 times may be achieved. In experiments, a 2.8-fold enhancement in the fluorescence collection ability is demonstrated, and the signal-to-noise ratio is increased by 2.5 times for opaque samples.

High performance hydrovoltaic devices based on asymmetrical electrode design

As a promising method for energy harvesting, water evaporation can generate electrical energy without additional mechanical energy input. In the evaporation power generation unit based on the principle of flow potential, the low charge collection efficiency is the key factor limiting the energy output, which limits the practical application of water evaporation equipment. Based on the principle of evaporation potential, an asymmetric sandwiched hydrovoltaic device based on metallic aluminum plate and carbon cloth electrodes is designed, which not only matches the electrode, but also reduces the carrier migration route and realizes fast charge transfer and collection. The device achieves an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 730 mV and a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 558 μA cm−2, capable of producing output power density exceeding 61.7 μW cm−2. Micro-nano electronic devices with low power consumption can be powered by integration of multiple devices. This study proposes a strategy for clean energy collection based on water evaporation.

Efficient multiple unmanned aerial vehicle-assisted data collection strategy in power infrastructure construction

Efficient data collection and sharing play a crucial role in power infrastructure construction. However, in an outdoor remote area, the data collection efficiency is reduced because of the sparse distribution of base stations (BSs). Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can perform as flying BSs for mobility and line-of-sight transmission features. In this paper, we propose a multiple temporary UAV-assisted data collection system in the power infrastructure scenario, where multiple temporary UAVs are employed to perform as relay or edge computing nodes. To improve the system performance, the task processing model selection, communication resource allocation, UAV selection, and task migration are jointly optimized. We designed a QMIX-based multi-agent deep reinforcement learning algorithm to find the final optimal solutions. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has better convergence and lower system costs than the current existing algorithms.

Shifting paradigms: A collective and structural strategy for addressing healthcare inequity.

Healthcare inequity is a persistent systemic problem, yet many solutions have historically focused on "debiasing" individuals. Individualistic strategies fit within a competency-based medical education and assessment paradigm, whereby professional values of social accountability, patient safety, and healthcare equity are linked to an individual clinician's competence. Unfortunately, efforts to realise the conceptual linkages between medical education curricula and goals to improve healthcare equity fail to address the institutional values, policies, and practices that enable structural racism. In this article, we explore alternative approaches that target collective and structural causes of health inequity. We first describe the structural basis of healthcare inequity by identifying the ways in which institutional culture, power and privilege erode patient-centred care and contribute to epistemic injustice. We then outline some reasons that stereotypes, which are a culturally supported foundation for discrimination, bias and racism in healthcare, cannot be modified effectively through individualistic strategies or education curricula. Finally, we propose a model that centres shared values for leadership by individuals and institutions with consistency in goal setting, knowledge translation, and talent development. Figure 1 summarises the key recommendations. We have provided cases to supplement this work and facilitate discussion about the model's application to practice.

Influence of Neglectful Parenting Approaches on Self-esteem of Teenagers Aged 13-19 Years in Selected Day Secondary Schools in Lari Sub County in Kiambu County, Kenya

Purpose: Parents play a critical role in influencing the self-esteem of teenagers. The main aim of the study was to investigate how neglectful parenting approaches influence the self-esteem of teenagers aged 13- 19 years in day secondary schools in Lari Sub County, in Kiambu County, Kenya. Methodology: The researcher used a concurrent correlational research design. In this approach both qualitative and quantitative data collection strategies were used simultaneously to investigate the relationship between the variables. The target population was 4500 students. The sample size was 1280 participants. Questionnaires and structured interviews guides were used for data collection Stratified and Simple random sampling techniques were used to select the accessible study population. The qualitative data was collected using interview guides and presented thematically in narrative form. At the univariate level, the quantitative data was analyzed using (SPSS) software version 27 and presented in tables. At the bivariate level Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient was used to obtain correlations and significance. Findings: From the descriptive findings 38.7% of the teenagers from neglectful parents are experiencing unhealthy self-esteem.24.0% of teenagers from authoritative parents have a healthy self-esteem. 37.3% of the teenagers had moderate self-esteem. The results also indicate that out of 1200 respondents (371) 30.9% of respondents had good experiences with their parents. 117(9.8%) had moderate experiences with their parents and 712(59.3%) had antagonistic experiences with their parents. From the inferential findings a statistically significant relationship was also found between neglectful parenting approach and teenage self-esteem, (r =0.740, p =.000). From thematic findings presented in narrative mode from school and peer counsellors, it was evident that neglectful parenting dominates the Lari Sub County region since most of the clients had unfavorable experiences with their parents. Few have lovely experiences with their parents. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The research was guided by the Albert Bandura Social Learning Theory. The theory provides insight that during their initial interaction with their family children observe and learn from the actions and behaviors of caregivers or parents. Therefore, decent actions, words and behaviors from parent’s influence positively the self-esteem of teenagers. The teenagers feel good, secure and loved to be part of a warm and loving family which gives them confidence to explore their world and try new things. However, toxic words, actions and behaviors in parental relationships with teenagers influence negatively the self-esteem of many teenagers. The study recommended that policy makers in the state department of early childhood education in Lari Sub County should embrace programs to educate teenagers on healthy ways to adapt to unfriendly experiences with neglectful parents since they cannot change them but they can only build their individual self-esteem. It also recommends that parents to be educated on the need to embrace authoritative parenting strategies to cultivate health self-esteem of teenagers.

University–industry collaborations as processual inter-organizational learning: implications of the third context

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explicate how the processual third context learning approach provides new understandings and dimensions to the well-established terminology within the fields of inter-organizational learning and university–industry collaboration. These understandings and dimensions are empirically informed by an analysis of a collaboration between Aalborg University and Bang & Olufsen, a Danish loudspeaker manufacturer.Design/methodology/approachTo fulfill the research purpose, a case study based on a participatory data collection strategy was applied in the collaboration between Aalborg University and Bang & Olufsen. Data were collected through a qualitative multimethod approach, comprising semi-structured interviews, field observations and field notes. Phenomenologically inspired content analysis revealed the themes outlined and discussed.FindingsThe third context framework was useful in outlining the complexity of a bidirectional collaboration. The inter-organizational learning processes were, for example, influenced by the actors’ recurrent inquiry of perplexities regarding the purpose and content of the collaboration. The extracted empirical findings are discussed and related to the fields of inter-organizational learning and university–industry collaboration, thereby explicating how a processual learning perspective provides new understandings and dimensions to collaboration across organizations.Originality/valueThe paper contributes empirically informed processual-learning dimensions to the literature on inter-organizational learning and university–industry collaboration.

Strategic interventions for bridging the design-reality gap in property conferment rights: a case study of India’s ambitious initiative

PurposeThis research aims to assess how well the e-governance initiative aligns with its design expectations and on-ground realities for property management to redevelop Delhi, the mega-city of India. Additionally, the study proposes strategic interventions to address any gaps identified, aiming to improve the project’s effectiveness and success.Design/methodology/approachThe research employs a singular exploratory case study methodology to scrutinise the e-governance initiative undertaken by the Government of India to confer property rights. Specifically, the study utilises a qualitative research approach known as design-reality gap (DRG) analysis. The study draws from primary and secondary sources using a mixed-methods data collection strategy. Primary data are gathered through a purposeful and snowball sampling method involving direct engagement with respondents, whilst secondary data are sourced from the project portal.FindingsThe investigation reveals a substantial disparity between the planning and execution phases of e-governance projects. This incongruity predominantly manifests in the domains of process, staffing and skills, as well as objectives and values. The study further finds that strategic collaboration amongst stakeholders and the sustainability of decisions are the most critical factors in ensuring the success of e-governance initiatives and bridging the DRG of e-governance projects.Research limitations/implicationsThis research highlights the complex challenges faced by e-governance projects in technical, human and organisational aspects. The successful implementation and sustainability of these projects require effective strategies to overcome challenges, which management should proactively identify and act on. To improve services, beneficiaries should be encouraged to provide feedback and suggestions, as they play a crucial role in service enhancement. A dynamic feedback loop would be established by creating a two-way interaction between beneficiaries and service providers, leading to iterative service improvement. It is important to note that the study’s findings are more illustrative than conclusive due to the moderate sample size, reflecting its limitations.Originality/valueThe research contributes to the scholarly discourse on e-governance and policy implementation by comprehensively examining the alignment between conceptual design and real-world execution. It also introduces a normalised scale for the DRG framework, mapping its dimensions to deduce specific outcomes. This innovative approach enhances the research’s originality and value, offering insights applicable in both academic and practical domains.