Collective Negotiations Research Articles

Teen Series Reception

Television teen series have become a social phenomenon in France among young viewers. Drawing on a survey, observations, interviews and an analysis of fan mail sent to the actors, this study shows how series are used as a way of defining gender identity for children and adolescents. The construction of meanings of characters and plots vary by the age, the gender and the social background of viewers. The relationship to series relies on individual emotional links and on collective negotiations through interactions within peer groups and family. Discussions about the programmes are a way to explore moral values and the ethic of relationships.

'For the Sake of the Children' as the Worth of the Teacher? The Gendered Discourses of the New Zealand National Kindergarten Teachers' Employment Negotiations

Within the texts from the 1992 National Kindergarten Teachers' Collective Employment Contract Negotiations, using Foucault's interpretation of 'discourse', dominant discourses were identified. Two of these discourses illustrate the gendered nature of the position of kindergarten teachers in New Zealand, which I have called 'Children First' and 'For the Sake of the Children'. These discourses can be seen to be used tactically to affect the outcomes of the negotiations, and have 'their' view accepted as 'reality'. Each sited teachers in a powerless position for negotiating wages and working conditions, but presented different possibilities outside of the negotiating setting. This paper addresses these two discourses, which most clearly illustrated the gendered nature of the position of New Zealand kindergarten teachers.

Industrial Relations before Unions: New South Wales Seamen 1810-1852

This paper examines employment relations in the maritime industry of New South Wales in the first half of the nineteenth century. It is argued that even prior to the emergence of trade unions and any formalized type of collective negotiation, a systemic and widespread contest for control of the employment relationship is to be found. The courts and the legislature constituted key institutional forums for this struggle, with the colony developing its own maritime labour laws-laws that differed significantly from those of Britain. While much of the dissent on the part of seamen and court-based contests was individualized, there is also considerable evidence of collective action. Maritime employers, too, combined to better pursue their interests. Finally, the paper indicates a flaw in both sides of the new labour history/old labour history debate of the 1980s by demonstrating that, even in the absence of unions, institutions-notably the legislature and the courts-continue to play a central role in the life of workers.

'Dear Hélène'. Social use of college series

Summary: The television sitcom 'Hélène et les garçons' engendered a social phenomenon in France in the early nineties. Drawing on a questionnaire, interviews, observations and an analysis of fan mail, the author shows how the programme (a soap opera about college life) served as a medium for the definition of gender identity among pre-adolescents and adolescents. Reception of the series is characterized by a dual logic of intimate appropriation - based on emotional links with the characters - and collective negotiation of identities - based on interaction within peer groups and the family.

Negotiation and Dictation in Employment Contract Formation in New Zealand

Previous research reports had identified and catalogued three separently distinct employer approaches to the development of collective employment contracts under the Employment Contracts Act 1991: dealing directly with the workforce, dealing directly qith employees individually and dealing with employee representatives. This paper shows through further analysis of research data that the first two of these approaches are more properly grouped with the development of individual contracts under a non-negotiation model, in which employers rarely moved significantly from initial contract proposals once presented, and in which the rate of adoption of employee concessions proposed by employers was very high. In contrast is a largely unionised representative collective negotiations model, in which parties exhibited conventional bargaining behaviour, and in which the adoption rate of employer proposed employee concessions was significantly below that of the non-negotiation model. Workforce size and pre-Act union strength are seen to be the primary factors associated with the likelihood of employers being involved in the unionised negotiation model.

The Collective Labour Law of the European Union

Abstract: The collective labour law of the European Union is embedded in a variety of legal measures incorporating principles of collective labour law reflecting national experience. The dynamic of its development has been the spill‐over effect of these principles, through their translation into the status of EU law, and their development by decisions of the European Court of Justice. The article outlines a framework of principles which, it is argued, are currently embodied in the collective labour law of the EU. They include collectively bargained labour standards, workers' collective representation, workers' participation, and protection of strikers against dismissal. In addition, there is a parallel principle of collective solidarity emerging in the social security law of the EU. The principle of collective negotiation of labour law introduced by the Protocol and Agreement on Social Policy may be seen as the founding constitutional basis for the collective labour law of the European Union.

Health Care Purchasing and Market Changes in California

This paper analyzes the process and outcomes of collective negotiations among large private employers and health maintenance organizations (HMOs) in California. In 1994, prior to collective negotiations, differences in benefit packages, risk mix, and volume of purchasing accounted for only one-third of the variance in premiums among firms and HMOs. The 1995 collective negotiations reduced the variance by 22 percent and the enrollment-weighted mean premium by approximately 9 percent, while enriching the standard benefit package. Savings for the eleven participating firms totaled $36.5 million. Large purchasers are reducing the number of health plans offered to their employees, standardizing the benefit package, using collective negotiations to contain costs, and shifting from vendor to partner relations with HMOs.

Capital and Labor in American Copper, 1845-1990: Linkages between Product and Labor Markets.

Part 1 The copper industry and its industrial relations: interactions of the product market and the labour market how about a road map? why another book? a synopsis of the issues joint wage-making after 1946. Part 2 Geography, geology and technology: geographic location geological characteristics of the American deposits a century of technological change. Part 3 Emergence of the copper industry: beginnings of the industry Calumet and Hecla Mining Company Anaconda Company American Smelting and Refining Company (ASARCO) Kennecott Copper Corporation Phelps Dodge Corporation other prominent producers. Part 4 The copper market to the end of World War II: the demand for copper U.S. supply prices and competition. Part 5 The roots of copper industry unionism: industrial relations federation organization near oblivion reinvigoration communist infiltration. Part 6 Changing industry structure, 1946-1990: Anaconda Dennecott Phelps Dodge ASARCO Cyprus Minerals Magma and Newmont other companies. Part 7 The product market in the postwar era: the Korean period Vietnam to OPEC industry organization consumption trends supply trends production costs price trends. Part 8 Unionism, collective bargaining, and the labour market, 1946-1966: the problem of structure in nonferrous collective bargaining bargaining developments and relations. Part 9 Collective bargaining developments and negotiations, 1967-1990: the Great Strike negotiations and other developments collapse of the pattern system the turn of the decade. Part 10 The past as prologue and instruction: the industry and its product markets interaction of labour and product markets some lessons from the labour market the future of the copper industry.

Collective Negotiations, Policy Bargaining, and the Prospect of Devolution: Bryan Downie and the Politics of Teacher-Trustee Relationships in Ontario

Collective Negotiations, Policy Bargaining, and the Prospect of Devolution: Bryan Downie and the Politics of Teacher-Trustee Relationships in Ontario

Co-operation in veterinary education between sub-Saharan Africa and the developed countries : experience of the University of Zambia

As is the case with many other veterinary schools in sub-Saharan Africa, the development of the University of Zambia (UNZA) Veterinary School has been supported largely by aid from the developed countries in the form of general expenditure grants, staff training scholarships and technical assistance. The three major pillars of the policies which have governed interactions between UNZA and donors have been bilateralism, "projectisation" (the supplying of aid within the framework of specific projects) and donor management of aid. These have been blended according to the resources endowed by the donors and the negotiating position of UNZA. The authors discuss the effect of the consequent diverse policies on the development of the UNZA school. It is recognised that high dependence on donors by veterinary schools in sub-Saharan Africa will continue in the future. However, the emerging political and economic integration in the sub-region and in the developed countries, as well as the trend towards early specialisation in the veterinary profession in the developed countries at a time when countries in sub-Saharan Africa still require generalists, will mean that co-operation within a bilateral framework will become less desirable. It is therefore recommended that veterinary schools in sub-Saharan Africa evolve mechanisms for collective aid negotiations and utilisation of aid. Conversely, co-operation between donors in multi-donor supported schools will be essential to minimise rigidity in projects, which tends to undermine the cohesion of multi-donor funded schools.

For Richer, for Poorer

48. Hill, M. D. Variations in Job Satisfaction among Education Faculty in Unionized and Nonunionized Institutions in Pennsylvania. Journal of Collective Negotiations in Public Sector, 11 (1982), 165-80. 49. -----. A Theoretical Analysis of Faculty Job Satisfaction/Dissatisfaction. Educational Research Quarterly, 10 (1986/87), 36-44. 50. Hines, E. R. Higher Education and State Governments: Renewed Partnership, Cooperation, or Competition? ASHE-ERIC Education Report, no. 4. Washington, D.C.: George The great public universities reflect investment citizens made in building commonwealth's educational and scientific infrastructure |61~. In many states, facilities and courses been cut, and students been crowded out of classes.... Master teachers are being paid -- bribed is word that comes to mind -- to retire early simply because university needs their salaries. Programs that took 20 years to build are dissolving; some of best, most respected administrators and teachers gone elsewhere. Budget cuts stripped university bare, leaving it without money to keep up a decent research library, without money for building programs. Morale -- of students and faculty members -- is low |21~. This article presents a case study of faculty morale and employment issues at an American public research university that has experienced an extended period of fiscal austerity. It sheds new light on how faculty compensation, job satisfaction, morale, and institutional commitment are influenced by changing institutional funding patterns -- patterns which reflect widening gap between rich and poor segments of American society characterizing 1980s and 1990s |20, 80~. These gaps are intensifying what Barbara Scott |93~ has called the new academic stratification system. Fiscal Strains in American Public Education As United States entered last decade of twentieth century, much of American public higher education was facing profound economic uncertainty and financial retrenchment, forcing many institutions to eliminate academic programs and reduce academic personnel |4, 5~. This phenomenon is an outgrowth of state governments that are undergoing severe fiscal strains due to volatile nature of national economy |39, 42, 50, 51~. Recent stories in Chronicle of Education observe that over half states faced serious financial deficits in 1990-91 and 1991-92 fiscal years and been forced to cut overall appropriations for public higher education |11, 17, 54, 72~. While some states experienced moderate financial growth in their higher education budgets during 1980s, others saw periods of sharp decline in allocation of public resources, particularly for their academic institutions. In these latter states, additional cuts in public resources during 1990s will significantly affect core programs in academic institutions which few financial reserves to absorb further budget reductions. One type of academic institution that has been particularly affected by changes in public higher education funding patterns is public research university |93, 95, 98~. Because state governments historically been largest single source of revenue for public academic institutions, decreases in state funding forced public research universities to raise increased shares of their resources through grants and contracts from corporations, other private funding agencies, and federal government. This has resulted in a checkerboard funding pattern within institutions for various academic disciplines. While fields like business and physical sciences often been able to obtain alternative funding for research, many fields within humanities, social sciences, education, and human services been largely dependent upon states' shrinking general funds. State economic development initiatives and private sector demands for increased research and development assistance are further widening gulf between and have not disciplines in American public research universities |6, 96, 97~. …

The Political Economy of the Decline of American Public Education

THE state of American public education has become something of a national obsession. A mournful consensus seems to have formed around two conclusions: (1) American schools have performed poorly in comparison with schools in other countries, and (2) things have gotten worse over time. As my title indicates, this article is more motivated by recent changes in performance than by its average level. It is also motivated by a fact often neglected in discussions of school performance. The overwhelming majority of American elementary and secondary schools are political creatures. They are publicly owned, operated, directed, and funded. I want to see if the political character of the marketplace within which schools operate has something to do with the way they perform. For reasons elaborated subsequently, the data I analyze are incapable of providing a complete explanation of the decline of public school performance. So, even if this decline is entirely a political phenomenon, I could

Universal Health Insurance That Really Works: Foreign Lessons for the United States

The United States has serious and worsening problems in the delivery and financing of health. The debate about reform has inspired many schemes that are persuasive in their presentation, but they are unrealistic: some cannot be enacted by Congress, others would not improve existing arrangements, most are imaginary inventions with uncertain outcomes. The most politically prudent and the most effective course is to emulate the methods used successfully and available for full analysis in other developed countries. America created its successful social security system in this fashion, and statutory health insurance should be added now. All or most groups would be required to join. Financing would come from social security payroll taxes, supplemented by government subsidies. Basic acute care services would be equally available to all. The existing insurance companies would remain as fiscal intermediaries. Doctors and hospitals would continue to work much as they do now. They would prosper from more utilization, few bad debts, and less administrative trouble. The payment and work of doctors would be governed by collective negotiations between the insurance carriers and the medical associations. The payment and work of hospitals would be governed by a mixture of government regulations and negotiations with the carriers. Costs would be controlled by coordinated decision making by the payers, the providers, and government. The system would not turn over services and financing to government.

Anesthesia in Canada's health care system

Much has been. written about Canada's health care system as all countries wrestle with rising health costs. Few, however, have attempted to describe the influence of a system of health care on a nonprimary care specialty such as anesthesia. The purpose o f this review is to describe the Canadian system, contrast it with that of the United States, and outline the impact that Canadian Medicare has had on anesthetic practice. A centrally controlled health care system is potentially blessed with the stability (and rigidity) inherent in any program perceived by the public as being their right and privilege. Changes are slow to occur, be they changes of new technology or alterations in the form of physician reimbursement. However, such stability means that control of health care costs can be achieved without intrusion into physician-patient relationships and professional, freedom is preserved. Similarly, the acquisition. of technological support for the practice of anesthesia, necessary to ensure a high standard of public safety, has not been perceived as a problem in Canada. Anesthesia in Canada is a physician-only specialty, and nurse-administered anesthesia does not exist. It is highly dependent on the functioning of the hospitals, for widespread development of freestanding health care institutions has not occurred. Compensation is on a fee-for-service basis, although alternative compensation for certain aspects of practice exists in some jurisdictions. In general, fees are indexed to the surgical procedure at hand, with time (duration) modifiers, as well as modifiers for specific is techniques. Overhead is minimal, so although fees for a given procedure are lower than in the United States, the disparity in earned income is reduced. Unfortunately, recent initiatives to control physician use have limited the ability o f the profession to compensate completely for this North American discrepancy in fees. Since health care in Canada is a provincial responsibility, there are eleven separate plans linked only by the guiding principles of the National Health Act of 1971. Each provincial medical association is responsible for negotiating the fee schedules with the provinces on behalf of its members. Since these associations must respond to the majority of their members, it has been the perception of specialty groups such as anesthesia. that the emphasis of allocations in recent years has been on primary care fields. Anesthetists have therefore found themselves increasingly involved with the collective negotiation process as an unwanted necessity of practice. This collectivism of interests has been the most striking consequence of Canadian Medicare on anesthesia practice, as it has influenced all aspects of patient-physician interactions.

What is Equity? New Financial Instruments in the Interstices between the Law, Accounting and Economics

The numbers reported in corporate financial statements are attributed particular meanings that have evolved to become 'generally accepted,' perhaps to the extent of having been further legitimised by the development of an underpinning conceptual framework, as in the USA. Whether they have received the support of a formal conceptual framework or not, we can observe pervasive evidence that accounting numbers are perceived to have sufficient credibility to be suitable to act as a basis for economic contracting between corporate entities and related interest groups. Thus, for example, widespread use is made of accounting numbers in debt covenants, structuring management compensation plans, collective wage negotiations and in the calculation of corporate tax liabilities. Regulatory bodies also rely heavily on accounting numbers as controls over regulatees, for example, the regulation of financial firms' capital adequacy requirements. The UK Stock Exchange also imposes various constraints on listed firms such as requiring the disclosure in the directors' report of contracts of significance (Class 1 transactions), defined as contracts which represent in value a sum equal to one per cent or more of a company's net assets for a capital transaction. Again accounting numbers, in this case the total assets minus total liabilities or net worth (ie the equity of a firm), assume a pivotal role. Apart from regulatory controls of various statutory bodies, companies are constituted within the framework of company law. At one level the law can be thought of as effectively serving as an alternative, more fundamental, control over the activities of business enterprises, providing a broad framework of 'generally acceptable and unacceptable actions which, in the absence of the law, would be extremely costly and hence inefficient to permit or restrict through private contracting arrangements. Accounting numbers play an important role in company law, not just because their disclosure and audit is usually mandated, but also because of their function in the protection of creditors. Of particular importance are the definitions of equity, creditors (debt) and distributable reserves. In the UK, companies are in general restricted to distributing realised profits (less accumulated losses) only. Additional restrictions are imposed on investment companies (that require assets to be at least 150% of liabilities) and on insurance companies. The law of insolvency also hinges crucially on accounting numbers to define the insolvency event and hence the situations under which directors face penal sanctions. Elsewhere creditor protection provisions vary in detail but still relate to accounting statements. For example, in the USA the Revised Model Business Corporation Act 1984 permits distributions as long as a corporation is able to pay its debts as they fall due and as long as its total assets exceed total liabilities, where valuations might be based on generally accepted accounting principles or fair valuation or some other method that is reasonable in the circumstances. State law adoption of these restrictions on distributions varies, with some states having more restrictions consisting of, for example, constraints on dividends being paid out of retained earnings and other

Book Review: Labor-Management Relations: Fact Finding under the School Boards and Teachers Collective Negotiation Act of Ontario

Book Review: Labor-Management Relations: Fact Finding under the School Boards and Teachers Collective Negotiation Act of Ontario

Fact Finding under the School Boards and Teachers Collective Negotiation Act of Ontario.

Fact Finding under the School Boards and Teachers Collective Negotiation Act of Ontario.

A CROSS-SECTION ANALYSIS OF TEACHER STRIKE ACTIVITY.

A previous study examined teacher strikes and found they were more likely to occur in states employing meet-and-confer as opposed to collective negotiations. Contrary to the earlier study, the resu...

Impurity/No Danger

Previous articleNext article No AccessImpurity/No DangerA. Kevin ReinhartA. Kevin Reinhart Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by History of Religions Volume 30, Number 1Aug., 1990The Body Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/463212 Views: 26Total views on this site Citations: 23Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1990 The University of ChicagoPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Katrina Daly Thompson Making Space for Embodied Voices, Diverse Bodies, and Multiple Genders in Nonconformist Friday Prayers: A Queer Feminist Ethnography of Progressive Muslims’ Performative Intercorporeality in North American Congregations, American Anthropologist 122, no.44 (Sep 2020): 876–890.https://doi.org/10.1111/aman.13478Siad Darwish Flowers in Uncertain Times: Waste, Islam, and the Scent of Revolution in Tunisia, Ethnos 45 (Jun 2020): 1–22.https://doi.org/10.1080/00141844.2019.1696859Michele Campopiano Zoroastrians, Islam and the Holy Qur’ān. Purity and Danger in Pahlavi Literature in the Early Islamic Period (Seventh–Tenth Centuries), Journal of Transcultural Medieval Studies 5, no.11 (Jul 2018): 75–98.https://doi.org/10.1515/jtms-2018-0004Mahmoud Pargoo Expansion and Contraction of Scripture: The Ritual (Im)purity of Unbelievers According to Shīʿa Jurisprudence, Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations 29, no.22 (Sep 2017): 215–239.https://doi.org/10.1080/09596410.2017.1371439Tiffany Cone Charisma and Ritual: Social Distance and Proximity, (May 2018): 119–139.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74763-7_5Etty Terem , Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 60, no.1-21-2 ( 2017): 115.https://doi.org/10.1163/15685209-12341421Nor Haliza Johari, Rusmadiah Anwar, Muhamad Fairus Kamaruzaman Ablution Tap Design: A Solution for Water Consumption, (Mar 2016): 165–172.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0237-3_17Amy Paris Langenberg Buddhist Blood Taboo: Mary Douglas, Female Impurity, and Classical Indian Buddhism, Journal of the American Academy of Religion (Aug 2015): lfv059.https://doi.org/10.1093/jaarel/lfv059Elyse Semerdjian NAKED ANXIETY: BATHHOUSES, NUDITY, AND THE DHIMMĪ WOMAN IN 18TH-CENTURY ALEPPO, International Journal of Middle East Studies 45, no.44 (Oct 2013): 651–676.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020743813000846 Reinheitsvorstellungen im Islam, (Apr 2013): 427–446.https://doi.org/10.14220/9783737001113.427Susanna Trnka Cleanliness in a Caste-less Context: Collective Negotiations of Purity and Pollution among Indo-Fijian Hindus, Anthropological Forum 22, no.11 (Feb 2012): 25–43.https://doi.org/10.1080/00664677.2012.652586Naheem Jabbar SYMBOLOGY AND SUBALTERN RESISTANCE IN HĪRA MANDI MOHALLA, Interventions 13, no.11 (Mar 2011): 95–119.https://doi.org/10.1080/1369801X.2011.545582Ron E. Hassner Blasphemy and Violence1, International Studies Quarterly 55, no.11 (Mar 2011): 23–45.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2010.00634.xRobbie Duschinsky Slaughtered innocents: child victims in political discourse during the Second Intifada and Gaza conflict, Social Semiotics 21, no.11 (Feb 2011): 33–51.https://doi.org/10.1080/10350330.2011.535669Maribel Fierro Conversion, ancestry and universal religion: the case of the Almohads in the Islamic West (sixth/twelfth–seventh/thirteenth centuries), Journal of Medieval Iberian Studies 2, no.22 (Jun 2010): 155–173.https://doi.org/10.1080/17546559.2010.495289Shuruq Naguib Horizons and Limitations of Muslim Feminist Hermeneutics: Reflections on the Menstruation Verse, (Nov 2009): 33–49.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6833-1_3Shuruq Naguib And Your Garments Purify: tahāra in the Light of tafsīr, Journal of Qur'anic Studies 9, no.11 (Apr 2007): 59–77.https://doi.org/10.3366/jqs.2007.9.1.59 Brannon Wheeler Touching The Penis in Islamic Law Wheeler, History of Religions 44, no.22 (Jul 2015): 89–119.https://doi.org/10.1086/429229 Janina M. Safran Rules of Purity and Confessional Boundaries: Maliki Debates about the Pollution of the Christian Safran, History of Religions 42, no.33 (Jul 2015): 197–212.https://doi.org/10.1086/375036Janina M. Safran Identity and Differentiation in Ninth-Century al-Andalus, Speculum 76, no.33 (Oct 2015): 573–598.https://doi.org/10.2307/2903880Amreen Jamal The Story of Lot and the Qurvln's Perception of the Morality of Same-Sex Sexuality, Journal of Homosexuality 41, no.11 (Jun 2001): 1–88.https://doi.org/10.1300/J082v41n01_01David Pinault Blood, Rationality, and Ritual in the Shia Tradition, (Jan 2001): 29–55.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-04765-6_3Marion Holmes Katz Canonical prayer (ṣalāt) and supplication (duʿāʾ), (): 10–43.https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139034333.002

The Federal Sector Mediation and Labor Management Relations Process: The Federal Sector Management Experience

The investigative scope of this article centers on the critical point of time in collective bargaining negotiations in the federal sector at which an im passe is reached and a mediator is summoned. Standing at the critical point in time, an analytic look can be taken backward at the difficulties of Federal sector negotiators and forward at the related difficulties of mediators. A brief historical review of the Federal sector's labor-management relations is provided here to emphasize the profound changes established by the Civil Service Reform Act (CSRA) in 1978.